1 /* Copyright (C) 1991-2003,2004,2005,2006,2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
2 This file is part of the GNU C Library.
4 The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5 modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
6 License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
7 version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
9 The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
12 Lesser General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
15 License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
16 Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
20 * ISO C99 Standard: 7.20 General utilities <stdlib.h>
27 /* Get size_t, wchar_t and NULL from <stddef.h>. */
29 #ifndef __need_malloc_and_calloc
30 # define __need_wchar_t
37 #ifndef __need_malloc_and_calloc
40 #if defined __USE_XOPEN && !defined _SYS_WAIT_H
41 /* XPG requires a few symbols from <sys/wait.h> being defined. */
42 # include <bits/waitflags.h>
43 # include <bits/waitstatus.h>
47 /* Lots of hair to allow traditional BSD use of `union wait'
48 as well as POSIX.1 use of `int' for the status word. */
50 # if defined __GNUC__ && !defined __cplusplus
51 # define __WAIT_INT(status) \
52 (__extension__ ({ union { __typeof(status) __in; int __i; } __u; \
53 __u.__in = (status); __u.__i; }))
55 # define __WAIT_INT(status) (*(int *) &(status))
58 /* This is the type of the argument to `wait'. The funky union
59 causes redeclarations with ether `int *' or `union wait *' to be
60 allowed without complaint. __WAIT_STATUS_DEFN is the type used in
61 the actual function definitions. */
63 # if !defined __GNUC__ || __GNUC__ < 2 || defined __cplusplus
64 # define __WAIT_STATUS void *
65 # define __WAIT_STATUS_DEFN void *
67 /* This works in GCC 2.6.1 and later. */
72 } __WAIT_STATUS __attribute__ ((__transparent_union__));
73 # define __WAIT_STATUS_DEFN int *
76 # else /* Don't use BSD. */
78 # define __WAIT_INT(status) (status)
79 # define __WAIT_STATUS int *
80 # define __WAIT_STATUS_DEFN int *
82 # endif /* Use BSD. */
84 /* Define the macros <sys/wait.h> also would define this way. */
85 # define WEXITSTATUS(status) __WEXITSTATUS(__WAIT_INT(status))
86 # define WTERMSIG(status) __WTERMSIG(__WAIT_INT(status))
87 # define WSTOPSIG(status) __WSTOPSIG(__WAIT_INT(status))
88 # define WIFEXITED(status) __WIFEXITED(__WAIT_INT(status))
89 # define WIFSIGNALED(status) __WIFSIGNALED(__WAIT_INT(status))
90 # define WIFSTOPPED(status) __WIFSTOPPED(__WAIT_INT(status))
91 # ifdef __WIFCONTINUED
92 # define WIFCONTINUED(status) __WIFCONTINUED(__WAIT_INT(status))
94 #endif /* X/Open and <sys/wait.h> not included. */
97 /* Returned by `div'. */
100 int quot; /* Quotient. */
101 int rem; /* Remainder. */
104 /* Returned by `ldiv'. */
105 #ifndef __ldiv_t_defined
108 long int quot; /* Quotient. */
109 long int rem; /* Remainder. */
111 # define __ldiv_t_defined 1
115 #if defined __USE_ISOC99 && !defined __lldiv_t_defined
116 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99
117 /* Returned by `lldiv'. */
118 __extension__ typedef struct
120 long long int quot; /* Quotient. */
121 long long int rem; /* Remainder. */
123 # define __lldiv_t_defined 1
128 /* The largest number rand will return (same as INT_MAX). */
129 #define RAND_MAX 2147483647
132 /* We define these the same for all machines.
133 Changes from this to the outside world should be done in `_exit'. */
134 #define EXIT_FAILURE 1 /* Failing exit status. */
135 #define EXIT_SUCCESS 0 /* Successful exit status. */
138 /* Maximum length of a multibyte character in the current locale. */
139 #define MB_CUR_MAX (__ctype_get_mb_cur_max ())
140 extern size_t __ctype_get_mb_cur_max (void) __THROW __wur;
143 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
144 /* Convert a string to a floating-point number. */
145 extern double atof (__const char *__nptr)
146 __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
147 /* Convert a string to an integer. */
148 extern int atoi (__const char *__nptr)
149 __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
150 /* Convert a string to a long integer. */
151 extern long int atol (__const char *__nptr)
152 __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
155 #if defined __USE_ISOC99 || (defined __GLIBC_HAVE_LONG_LONG && defined __USE_MISC)
156 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99
157 /* Convert a string to a long long integer. */
158 __extension__ extern long long int atoll (__const char *__nptr)
159 __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
163 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
164 /* Convert a string to a floating-point number. */
165 extern double strtod (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
166 char **__restrict __endptr)
167 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
171 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99
172 /* Likewise for `float' and `long double' sizes of floating-point numbers. */
173 extern float strtof (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
174 char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
176 extern long double strtold (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
177 char **__restrict __endptr)
178 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
182 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
183 /* Convert a string to a long integer. */
184 extern long int strtol (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
185 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
186 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
187 /* Convert a string to an unsigned long integer. */
188 extern unsigned long int strtoul (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
189 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
190 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
193 #if defined __GLIBC_HAVE_LONG_LONG && defined __USE_BSD
194 /* Convert a string to a quadword integer. */
196 extern long long int strtoq (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
197 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
198 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
199 /* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer. */
201 extern unsigned long long int strtouq (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
202 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
203 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
204 #endif /* GCC and use BSD. */
206 #if defined __USE_ISOC99 || (defined __GLIBC_HAVE_LONG_LONG && defined __USE_MISC)
207 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99
208 /* Convert a string to a quadword integer. */
210 extern long long int strtoll (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
211 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
212 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
213 /* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer. */
215 extern unsigned long long int strtoull (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
216 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
217 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
219 #endif /* ISO C99 or GCC and use MISC. */
223 /* The concept of one static locale per category is not very well
224 thought out. Many applications will need to process its data using
225 information from several different locales. Another application is
226 the implementation of the internationalization handling in the
227 upcoming ISO C++ standard library. To support this another set of
228 the functions using locale data exist which have an additional
231 Attention: all these functions are *not* standardized in any form.
232 This is a proof-of-concept implementation. */
234 /* Structure for reentrant locale using functions. This is an
235 (almost) opaque type for the user level programs. */
236 # include <xlocale.h>
238 /* Special versions of the functions above which take the locale to
239 use as an additional parameter. */
240 extern long int strtol_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
241 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base,
242 __locale_t __loc) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4)) __wur;
244 extern unsigned long int strtoul_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
245 char **__restrict __endptr,
246 int __base, __locale_t __loc)
247 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4)) __wur;
250 extern long long int strtoll_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
251 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base,
253 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4)) __wur;
256 extern unsigned long long int strtoull_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
257 char **__restrict __endptr,
258 int __base, __locale_t __loc)
259 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4)) __wur;
261 extern double strtod_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
262 char **__restrict __endptr, __locale_t __loc)
263 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3)) __wur;
265 extern float strtof_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
266 char **__restrict __endptr, __locale_t __loc)
267 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3)) __wur;
269 extern long double strtold_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
270 char **__restrict __endptr,
272 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3)) __wur;
276 /* The internal entry points for `strtoX' take an extra flag argument
277 saying whether or not to parse locale-dependent number grouping. */
279 extern double __strtod_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
280 char **__restrict __endptr, int __group)
281 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
282 extern float __strtof_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
283 char **__restrict __endptr, int __group)
284 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
285 extern long double __strtold_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
286 char **__restrict __endptr,
288 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
289 #ifndef __strtol_internal_defined
290 extern long int __strtol_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
291 char **__restrict __endptr,
292 int __base, int __group)
293 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
294 # define __strtol_internal_defined 1
296 #ifndef __strtoul_internal_defined
297 extern unsigned long int __strtoul_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
298 char **__restrict __endptr,
299 int __base, int __group)
300 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
301 # define __strtoul_internal_defined 1
303 #if defined __GNUC__ || defined __USE_ISOC99
304 # ifndef __strtoll_internal_defined
306 extern long long int __strtoll_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
307 char **__restrict __endptr,
308 int __base, int __group)
309 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
310 # define __strtoll_internal_defined 1
312 # ifndef __strtoull_internal_defined
314 extern unsigned long long int __strtoull_internal (__const char *
316 char **__restrict __endptr,
317 int __base, int __group)
318 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
319 # define __strtoull_internal_defined 1
323 #ifdef __USE_EXTERN_INLINES
324 /* Define inline functions which call the internal entry points. */
326 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
327 __extern_inline double
328 __NTH (strtod (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr))
330 return __strtod_internal (__nptr, __endptr, 0);
332 __extern_inline long int
333 __NTH (strtol (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
336 return __strtol_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
338 __extern_inline unsigned long int
339 __NTH (strtoul (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
342 return __strtoul_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
347 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99
348 __extern_inline float
349 __NTH (strtof (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr))
351 return __strtof_internal (__nptr, __endptr, 0);
353 # ifndef __LDBL_COMPAT
354 __extern_inline long double
355 __NTH (strtold (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr))
357 return __strtold_internal (__nptr, __endptr, 0);
364 __extension__ __extern_inline long long int
365 __NTH (strtoq (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
368 return __strtoll_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
370 __extension__ __extern_inline unsigned long long int
371 __NTH (strtouq (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
374 return __strtoull_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
378 # if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_ISOC99
379 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99
380 __extension__ __extern_inline long long int
381 __NTH (strtoll (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
384 return __strtoll_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
386 __extension__ __extern_inline unsigned long long int
387 __NTH (strtoull (__const char * __restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
390 return __strtoull_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
395 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
396 __extern_inline double
397 __NTH (atof (__const char *__nptr))
399 return strtod (__nptr, (char **) NULL);
402 __NTH (atoi (__const char *__nptr))
404 return (int) strtol (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
406 __extern_inline long int
407 __NTH (atol (__const char *__nptr))
409 return strtol (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
413 # if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_ISOC99
414 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99
415 __extension__ __extern_inline long long int
416 __NTH (atoll (__const char *__nptr))
418 return strtoll (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
422 #endif /* Optimizing and Inlining. */
425 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
426 /* Convert N to base 64 using the digits "./0-9A-Za-z", least-significant
427 digit first. Returns a pointer to static storage overwritten by the
429 extern char *l64a (long int __n) __THROW __wur;
431 /* Read a number from a string S in base 64 as above. */
432 extern long int a64l (__const char *__s)
433 __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
435 #endif /* Use SVID || extended X/Open. */
437 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED || defined __USE_BSD
438 # include <sys/types.h> /* we need int32_t... */
440 /* These are the functions that actually do things. The `random', `srandom',
441 `initstate' and `setstate' functions are those from BSD Unices.
442 The `rand' and `srand' functions are required by the ANSI standard.
443 We provide both interfaces to the same random number generator. */
444 /* Return a random long integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive. */
445 extern long int random (void) __THROW;
447 /* Seed the random number generator with the given number. */
448 extern void srandom (unsigned int __seed) __THROW;
450 /* Initialize the random number generator to use state buffer STATEBUF,
451 of length STATELEN, and seed it with SEED. Optimal lengths are 8, 16,
452 32, 64, 128 and 256, the bigger the better; values less than 8 will
453 cause an error and values greater than 256 will be rounded down. */
454 extern char *initstate (unsigned int __seed, char *__statebuf,
455 size_t __statelen) __THROW __nonnull ((2));
457 /* Switch the random number generator to state buffer STATEBUF,
458 which should have been previously initialized by `initstate'. */
459 extern char *setstate (char *__statebuf) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
463 /* Reentrant versions of the `random' family of functions.
464 These functions all use the following data structure to contain
465 state, rather than global state variables. */
469 int32_t *fptr; /* Front pointer. */
470 int32_t *rptr; /* Rear pointer. */
471 int32_t *state; /* Array of state values. */
472 int rand_type; /* Type of random number generator. */
473 int rand_deg; /* Degree of random number generator. */
474 int rand_sep; /* Distance between front and rear. */
475 int32_t *end_ptr; /* Pointer behind state table. */
478 extern int random_r (struct random_data *__restrict __buf,
479 int32_t *__restrict __result) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
481 extern int srandom_r (unsigned int __seed, struct random_data *__buf)
482 __THROW __nonnull ((2));
484 extern int initstate_r (unsigned int __seed, char *__restrict __statebuf,
486 struct random_data *__restrict __buf)
487 __THROW __nonnull ((2, 4));
489 extern int setstate_r (char *__restrict __statebuf,
490 struct random_data *__restrict __buf)
491 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
492 # endif /* Use misc. */
493 #endif /* Use SVID || extended X/Open || BSD. */
496 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
497 /* Return a random integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive. */
498 extern int rand (void) __THROW;
499 /* Seed the random number generator with the given number. */
500 extern void srand (unsigned int __seed) __THROW;
504 /* Reentrant interface according to POSIX.1. */
505 extern int rand_r (unsigned int *__seed) __THROW;
509 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN
510 /* System V style 48-bit random number generator functions. */
512 /* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0). */
513 extern double drand48 (void) __THROW;
514 extern double erand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3]) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
516 /* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31). */
517 extern long int lrand48 (void) __THROW;
518 extern long int nrand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3])
519 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
521 /* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31). */
522 extern long int mrand48 (void) __THROW;
523 extern long int jrand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3])
524 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
526 /* Seed random number generator. */
527 extern void srand48 (long int __seedval) __THROW;
528 extern unsigned short int *seed48 (unsigned short int __seed16v[3])
529 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
530 extern void lcong48 (unsigned short int __param[7]) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
533 /* Data structure for communication with thread safe versions. This
534 type is to be regarded as opaque. It's only exported because users
535 have to allocate objects of this type. */
538 unsigned short int __x[3]; /* Current state. */
539 unsigned short int __old_x[3]; /* Old state. */
540 unsigned short int __c; /* Additive const. in congruential formula. */
541 unsigned short int __init; /* Flag for initializing. */
542 unsigned long long int __a; /* Factor in congruential formula. */
545 /* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0). */
546 extern int drand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
547 double *__restrict __result) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
548 extern int erand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
549 struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
550 double *__restrict __result) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
552 /* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31). */
553 extern int lrand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
554 long int *__restrict __result)
555 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
556 extern int nrand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
557 struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
558 long int *__restrict __result)
559 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
561 /* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31). */
562 extern int mrand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
563 long int *__restrict __result)
564 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
565 extern int jrand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
566 struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
567 long int *__restrict __result)
568 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
570 /* Seed random number generator. */
571 extern int srand48_r (long int __seedval, struct drand48_data *__buffer)
572 __THROW __nonnull ((2));
574 extern int seed48_r (unsigned short int __seed16v[3],
575 struct drand48_data *__buffer) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
577 extern int lcong48_r (unsigned short int __param[7],
578 struct drand48_data *__buffer)
579 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
580 # endif /* Use misc. */
581 #endif /* Use SVID or X/Open. */
583 #endif /* don't just need malloc and calloc */
585 #ifndef __malloc_and_calloc_defined
586 # define __malloc_and_calloc_defined
587 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
588 /* Allocate SIZE bytes of memory. */
589 extern void *malloc (size_t __size) __THROW __attribute_malloc__ __wur;
590 /* Allocate NMEMB elements of SIZE bytes each, all initialized to 0. */
591 extern void *calloc (size_t __nmemb, size_t __size)
592 __THROW __attribute_malloc__ __wur;
596 #ifndef __need_malloc_and_calloc
597 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
598 /* Re-allocate the previously allocated block
599 in PTR, making the new block SIZE bytes long. */
600 /* __attribute_malloc__ is not used, because if realloc returns
601 the same pointer that was passed to it, aliasing needs to be allowed
602 between objects pointed by the old and new pointers. */
603 extern void *realloc (void *__ptr, size_t __size)
604 __THROW __attribute_warn_unused_result__;
605 /* Free a block allocated by `malloc', `realloc' or `calloc'. */
606 extern void free (void *__ptr) __THROW;
610 /* Free a block. An alias for `free'. (Sun Unices). */
611 extern void cfree (void *__ptr) __THROW;
612 #endif /* Use misc. */
614 #if defined __USE_GNU || defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_MISC
616 #endif /* Use GNU, BSD, or misc. */
618 #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
619 /* Allocate SIZE bytes on a page boundary. The storage cannot be freed. */
620 extern void *valloc (size_t __size) __THROW __attribute_malloc__ __wur;
624 /* Allocate memory of SIZE bytes with an alignment of ALIGNMENT. */
625 extern int posix_memalign (void **__memptr, size_t __alignment, size_t __size)
626 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
629 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
630 /* Abort execution and generate a core-dump. */
631 extern void abort (void) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
634 /* Register a function to be called when `exit' is called. */
635 extern int atexit (void (*__func) (void)) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
639 /* Register a function to be called with the status
640 given to `exit' and the given argument. */
641 extern int on_exit (void (*__func) (int __status, void *__arg), void *__arg)
642 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
645 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
646 /* Call all functions registered with `atexit' and `on_exit',
647 in the reverse of the order in which they were registered
648 perform stdio cleanup, and terminate program execution with STATUS. */
649 extern void exit (int __status) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
653 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99
654 /* Terminate the program with STATUS without calling any of the
655 functions registered with `atexit' or `on_exit'. */
656 extern void _Exit (int __status) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
661 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
662 /* Return the value of envariable NAME, or NULL if it doesn't exist. */
663 extern char *getenv (__const char *__name) __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
666 /* This function is similar to the above but returns NULL if the
667 programs is running with SUID or SGID enabled. */
668 extern char *__secure_getenv (__const char *__name)
669 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
671 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN
672 /* The SVID says this is in <stdio.h>, but this seems a better place. */
673 /* Put STRING, which is of the form "NAME=VALUE", in the environment.
674 If there is no `=', remove NAME from the environment. */
675 extern int putenv (char *__string) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
678 #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN2K
679 /* Set NAME to VALUE in the environment.
680 If REPLACE is nonzero, overwrite an existing value. */
681 extern int setenv (__const char *__name, __const char *__value, int __replace)
682 __THROW __nonnull ((2));
684 /* Remove the variable NAME from the environment. */
685 extern int unsetenv (__const char *__name) __THROW;
689 /* The `clearenv' was planned to be added to POSIX.1 but probably
690 never made it. Nevertheless the POSIX.9 standard (POSIX bindings
691 for Fortran 77) requires this function. */
692 extern int clearenv (void) __THROW;
696 #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
697 /* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE.
698 The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
699 they are replaced with a string that makes the file name unique.
700 Returns TEMPLATE, or a null pointer if it cannot get a unique file name. */
701 extern char *mktemp (char *__template) __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
703 /* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE.
704 The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
705 they are replaced with a string that makes the filename unique.
706 Returns a file descriptor open on the file for reading and writing,
707 or -1 if it cannot create a uniquely-named file.
709 This function is a possible cancellation points and therefore not
710 marked with __THROW. */
711 # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
712 extern int mkstemp (char *__template) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
715 extern int __REDIRECT (mkstemp, (char *__template), mkstemp64)
716 __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
718 # define mkstemp mkstemp64
721 # ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
722 extern int mkstemp64 (char *__template) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
727 /* Create a unique temporary directory from TEMPLATE.
728 The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
729 they are replaced with a string that makes the directory name unique.
730 Returns TEMPLATE, or a null pointer if it cannot get a unique name.
731 The directory is created mode 700. */
732 extern char *mkdtemp (char *__template) __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
736 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
737 /* Execute the given line as a shell command.
739 This function is a cancellation point and therefore not marked with
741 extern int system (__const char *__command) __wur;
746 /* Return a malloc'd string containing the canonical absolute name of the
747 existing named file. */
748 extern char *canonicalize_file_name (__const char *__name)
749 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
752 #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
753 /* Return the canonical absolute name of file NAME. If RESOLVED is
754 null, the result is malloc'd; otherwise, if the canonical name is
755 PATH_MAX chars or more, returns null with `errno' set to
756 ENAMETOOLONG; if the name fits in fewer than PATH_MAX chars,
757 returns the name in RESOLVED. */
758 extern char *realpath (__const char *__restrict __name,
759 char *__restrict __resolved) __THROW __wur;
763 /* Shorthand for type of comparison functions. */
764 #ifndef __COMPAR_FN_T
765 # define __COMPAR_FN_T
766 typedef int (*__compar_fn_t) (__const void *, __const void *);
769 typedef __compar_fn_t comparison_fn_t;
773 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
774 /* Do a binary search for KEY in BASE, which consists of NMEMB elements
775 of SIZE bytes each, using COMPAR to perform the comparisons. */
776 extern void *bsearch (__const void *__key, __const void *__base,
777 size_t __nmemb, size_t __size, __compar_fn_t __compar)
778 __nonnull ((1, 2, 5)) __wur;
780 /* Sort NMEMB elements of BASE, of SIZE bytes each,
781 using COMPAR to perform the comparisons. */
782 extern void qsort (void *__base, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size,
783 __compar_fn_t __compar) __nonnull ((1, 4));
786 /* Return the absolute value of X. */
787 extern int abs (int __x) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
788 extern long int labs (long int __x) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
792 __extension__ extern long long int llabs (long long int __x)
793 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
797 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
798 /* Return the `div_t', `ldiv_t' or `lldiv_t' representation
799 of the value of NUMER over DENOM. */
800 /* GCC may have built-ins for these someday. */
801 extern div_t div (int __numer, int __denom)
802 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
803 extern ldiv_t ldiv (long int __numer, long int __denom)
804 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
808 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99
809 __extension__ extern lldiv_t lldiv (long long int __numer,
810 long long int __denom)
811 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
816 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
817 /* Convert floating point numbers to strings. The returned values are
818 valid only until another call to the same function. */
820 /* Convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT digits and return a pointer to
821 this. Set *DECPT with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN
822 with the sign of the number. */
823 extern char *ecvt (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
824 int *__restrict __sign) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
826 /* Convert VALUE to a string rounded to NDIGIT decimal digits. Set *DECPT
827 with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN with the sign of
829 extern char *fcvt (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
830 int *__restrict __sign) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
832 /* If possible convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT significant digits.
833 Otherwise use exponential representation. The resulting string will
834 be written to BUF. */
835 extern char *gcvt (double __value, int __ndigit, char *__buf)
836 __THROW __nonnull ((3)) __wur;
840 /* Long double versions of above functions. */
841 extern char *qecvt (long double __value, int __ndigit,
842 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign)
843 __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
844 extern char *qfcvt (long double __value, int __ndigit,
845 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign)
846 __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
847 extern char *qgcvt (long double __value, int __ndigit, char *__buf)
848 __THROW __nonnull ((3)) __wur;
851 /* Reentrant version of the functions above which provide their own
853 extern int ecvt_r (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
854 int *__restrict __sign, char *__restrict __buf,
855 size_t __len) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
856 extern int fcvt_r (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
857 int *__restrict __sign, char *__restrict __buf,
858 size_t __len) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
860 extern int qecvt_r (long double __value, int __ndigit,
861 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign,
862 char *__restrict __buf, size_t __len)
863 __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
864 extern int qfcvt_r (long double __value, int __ndigit,
865 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign,
866 char *__restrict __buf, size_t __len)
867 __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
869 #endif /* use MISC || use X/Open Unix */
872 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
873 /* Return the length of the multibyte character
874 in S, which is no longer than N. */
875 extern int mblen (__const char *__s, size_t __n) __THROW __wur;
876 /* Return the length of the given multibyte character,
877 putting its `wchar_t' representation in *PWC. */
878 extern int mbtowc (wchar_t *__restrict __pwc,
879 __const char *__restrict __s, size_t __n) __THROW __wur;
880 /* Put the multibyte character represented
881 by WCHAR in S, returning its length. */
882 extern int wctomb (char *__s, wchar_t __wchar) __THROW __wur;
885 /* Convert a multibyte string to a wide char string. */
886 extern size_t mbstowcs (wchar_t *__restrict __pwcs,
887 __const char *__restrict __s, size_t __n) __THROW;
888 /* Convert a wide char string to multibyte string. */
889 extern size_t wcstombs (char *__restrict __s,
890 __const wchar_t *__restrict __pwcs, size_t __n)
896 /* Determine whether the string value of RESPONSE matches the affirmation
897 or negative response expression as specified by the LC_MESSAGES category
898 in the program's current locale. Returns 1 if affirmative, 0 if
899 negative, and -1 if not matching. */
900 extern int rpmatch (__const char *__response) __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
904 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
905 /* Parse comma separated suboption from *OPTIONP and match against
906 strings in TOKENS. If found return index and set *VALUEP to
907 optional value introduced by an equal sign. If the suboption is
908 not part of TOKENS return in *VALUEP beginning of unknown
909 suboption. On exit *OPTIONP is set to the beginning of the next
910 token or at the terminating NUL character. */
911 extern int getsubopt (char **__restrict __optionp,
912 char *__const *__restrict __tokens,
913 char **__restrict __valuep)
914 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2, 3)) __wur;
919 /* Setup DES tables according KEY. */
920 extern void setkey (__const char *__key) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
924 /* X/Open pseudo terminal handling. */
927 /* Return a master pseudo-terminal handle. */
928 extern int posix_openpt (int __oflag) __wur;
932 /* The next four functions all take a master pseudo-tty fd and
933 perform an operation on the associated slave: */
935 /* Chown the slave to the calling user. */
936 extern int grantpt (int __fd) __THROW;
938 /* Release an internal lock so the slave can be opened.
939 Call after grantpt(). */
940 extern int unlockpt (int __fd) __THROW;
942 /* Return the pathname of the pseudo terminal slave assoicated with
943 the master FD is open on, or NULL on errors.
944 The returned storage is good until the next call to this function. */
945 extern char *ptsname (int __fd) __THROW __wur;
949 /* Store at most BUFLEN characters of the pathname of the slave pseudo
950 terminal associated with the master FD is open on in BUF.
951 Return 0 on success, otherwise an error number. */
952 extern int ptsname_r (int __fd, char *__buf, size_t __buflen)
953 __THROW __nonnull ((2));
955 /* Open a master pseudo terminal and return its file descriptor. */
956 extern int getpt (void);
960 /* Put the 1 minute, 5 minute and 15 minute load averages into the first
961 NELEM elements of LOADAVG. Return the number written (never more than
962 three, but may be less than NELEM), or -1 if an error occurred. */
963 extern int getloadavg (double __loadavg[], int __nelem)
964 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
968 /* Define some macros helping to catch buffer overflows. */
969 #if __USE_FORTIFY_LEVEL > 0 && !defined __cplusplus
970 # include <bits/stdlib.h>
973 # include <bits/stdlib-ldbl.h>
976 #endif /* don't just need malloc and calloc */
977 #undef __need_malloc_and_calloc
981 #endif /* stdlib.h */