2 Copyright (C) 1992-2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
18 /* Written by jla; revised by djm; revised again by mstone */
21 name [state] line time [activity] [pid] [comment] [exit]
23 name, line, time: not -q
31 #include <sys/types.h>
37 /* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */
38 #define PROGRAM_NAME "who"
40 #define AUTHORS "Joseph Arceneaux", "David MacKenzie", "Michael Stone"
42 #ifndef MAXHOSTNAMELEN
43 # define MAXHOSTNAMELEN 64
51 # define USER_PROCESS INT_MAX
55 # define RUN_LVL INT_MAX
59 # define INIT_PROCESS INT_MAX
63 # define LOGIN_PROCESS INT_MAX
67 # define DEAD_PROCESS INT_MAX
80 #if HAVE_STRUCT_XTMP_UT_PID
81 # define UT_PID(U) ((U)->ut_pid)
82 # define PIDSTR_DECL_AND_INIT(Var, Utmp_ent) \
83 char Var[INT_STRLEN_BOUND (Utmp_ent->ut_pid) + 1]; \
84 sprintf (Var, "%d", (int) (Utmp_ent->ut_pid))
87 # define PIDSTR_DECL_AND_INIT(Var, Utmp_ent) \
91 #if HAVE_STRUCT_XTMP_UT_ID
92 # define UT_ID(U) ((U)->ut_id)
94 /* Of course, sizeof "whatever" is the size of a pointer (often 4),
95 but that's ok, since the actual string has a length of only 2. */
96 # define UT_ID(U) "??"
99 #define UT_TYPE_UNDEF 255
101 #if HAVE_STRUCT_XTMP_UT_TYPE
102 # define UT_TYPE(U) ((U)->ut_type)
104 # define UT_TYPE(U) UT_TYPE_UNDEF
107 #define IS_USER_PROCESS(U) \
108 (UT_USER (utmp_buf)[0] \
109 && (UT_TYPE (utmp_buf) == USER_PROCESS \
110 || (UT_TYPE (utmp_buf) == UT_TYPE_UNDEF \
111 && UT_TIME_MEMBER (utmp_buf) != 0)))
117 /* The name this program was run with. */
120 /* If nonzero, attempt to canonicalize hostnames via a DNS lookup. */
121 static int do_lookup;
123 /* If nonzero, display only a list of usernames and count of
125 Ignored for `who am i'. */
126 static int short_list;
128 /* If nonzero, display only name, line, and time fields */
129 static int short_output;
131 /* If nonzero, display the hours:minutes since each user has touched
132 the keyboard, or "." if within the last minute, or "old" if
133 not within the last day. */
134 static int include_idle;
136 /* If nonzero, display a line at the top describing each field. */
137 static int include_heading;
139 /* If nonzero, display a `+' for each user if mesg y, a `-' if mesg n,
140 or a `?' if their tty cannot be statted. */
141 static int include_mesg;
143 /* If nonzero, display process termination & exit status */
144 static int include_exit;
146 /* If nonzero, display the last boot time */
147 static int need_boottime;
149 /* If nonzero, display dead processes */
150 static int need_deadprocs;
152 /* If nonzero, display processes waiting for user login */
153 static int need_login;
155 /* If nonzero, display processes started by init */
156 static int need_initspawn;
158 /* If nonzero, display the last clock change */
159 static int need_clockchange;
161 /* If nonzero, display the current runlevel */
162 static int need_runlevel;
164 /* If nonzero, display user processes */
165 static int need_users;
167 /* If nonzero, display info only for the controlling tty */
168 static int my_line_only;
170 /* for long options with no corresponding short option, use enum */
173 LOOKUP_OPTION = CHAR_MAX + 1
176 static struct option const longopts[] = {
177 {"all", no_argument, NULL, 'a'},
178 {"boot", no_argument, NULL, 'b'},
179 {"count", no_argument, NULL, 'q'},
180 {"dead", no_argument, NULL, 'd'},
181 {"heading", no_argument, NULL, 'H'},
182 {"idle", no_argument, NULL, 'i'},
183 {"login", no_argument, NULL, 'l'},
184 {"lookup", no_argument, NULL, LOOKUP_OPTION},
185 {"message", no_argument, NULL, 'T'},
186 {"mesg", no_argument, NULL, 'T'},
187 {"process", no_argument, NULL, 'p'},
188 {"runlevel", no_argument, NULL, 'r'},
189 {"short", no_argument, NULL, 's'},
190 {"time", no_argument, NULL, 't'},
191 {"users", no_argument, NULL, 'u'},
192 {"writable", no_argument, NULL, 'T'},
193 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
194 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
198 /* Return a string representing the time between WHEN and the time
199 that this function is first run.
202 idle_string (time_t when)
204 static time_t now = 0;
205 static char idle_hhmm[IDLESTR_LEN];
211 seconds_idle = now - when;
212 if (seconds_idle < 60) /* One minute. */
214 if (seconds_idle < (24 * 60 * 60)) /* One day. */
216 sprintf (idle_hhmm, "%02d:%02d",
217 (int) (seconds_idle / (60 * 60)),
218 (int) ((seconds_idle % (60 * 60)) / 60));
219 return (const char *) idle_hhmm;
224 /* Return a standard time string, "mon dd hh:mm"
225 FIXME: handle localization */
227 time_string (const STRUCT_UTMP *utmp_ent)
229 /* Don't take the address of UT_TIME_MEMBER directly.
230 Ulrich Drepper wrote:
231 ``... GNU libc (and perhaps other libcs as well) have extended
232 utmp file formats which do not use a simple time_t ut_time field.
233 In glibc, ut_time is a macro which selects for backward compatibility
234 the tv_sec member of a struct timeval value.'' */
235 time_t tm = UT_TIME_MEMBER (utmp_ent);
237 char *ptr = ctime (&tm) + 4;
242 /* Print formatted output line. Uses mostly arbitrary field sizes, probably
243 will need tweaking if any of the localization stuff is done, or for 64 bit
246 print_line (const char *user, const char state, const char *line,
247 const char *time_str, const char *idle, const char *pid,
248 const char *comment, const char *exitstr)
250 static char mesg[3] = { ' ', 'x', '\0' };
252 char x_idle[1 + IDLESTR_LEN + 1];
253 char x_pid[1 + INT_STRLEN_BOUND (pid_t) + 1];
259 if (include_idle && !short_output)
260 sprintf (x_idle, " %-6s", idle);
265 sprintf (x_pid, " %10s", pid);
269 x_exitstr = xmalloc (include_exit ? 1 + MAX (12, strlen (exitstr)) + 1 : 1);
271 sprintf (x_exitstr, " %-12s", exitstr);
275 err = asprintf (&buf,
286 include_mesg ? mesg : "",
291 /* FIXME: it's not really clear whether the following
292 field should be in the short_output. A strict reading
293 of SUSv2 would suggest not, but I haven't seen any
294 implementations that actually work that way... */
302 /* Remove any trailing spaces. */
303 char *p = buf + strlen (buf);
314 /* Send properly parsed USER_PROCESS info to print_line */
316 print_user (const STRUCT_UTMP *utmp_ent)
321 char idlestr[IDLESTR_LEN];
322 static char *hoststr;
323 static size_t hostlen;
325 #define DEV_DIR_WITH_TRAILING_SLASH "/dev/"
326 #define DEV_DIR_LEN (sizeof (DEV_DIR_WITH_TRAILING_SLASH) - 1)
328 char line[sizeof (utmp_ent->ut_line) + DEV_DIR_LEN + 1];
329 PIDSTR_DECL_AND_INIT (pidstr, utmp_ent);
331 /* Copy ut_line into LINE, prepending `/dev/' if ut_line is not
332 already an absolute pathname. Some system may put the full,
333 absolute pathname in ut_line. */
334 if (utmp_ent->ut_line[0] == '/')
336 strncpy (line, utmp_ent->ut_line, sizeof (utmp_ent->ut_line));
337 line[sizeof (utmp_ent->ut_line)] = '\0';
341 strcpy (line, DEV_DIR_WITH_TRAILING_SLASH);
342 strncpy (line + DEV_DIR_LEN, utmp_ent->ut_line,
343 sizeof (utmp_ent->ut_line));
344 line[DEV_DIR_LEN + sizeof (utmp_ent->ut_line)] = '\0';
347 if (stat (line, &stats) == 0)
349 mesg = (stats.st_mode & S_IWGRP) ? '+' : '-';
350 last_change = stats.st_atime;
359 sprintf (idlestr, "%.6s", idle_string (last_change));
361 sprintf (idlestr, " ?");
364 if (utmp_ent->ut_host[0])
366 char ut_host[sizeof (utmp_ent->ut_host) + 1];
367 char *host = 0, *display = 0;
369 /* Copy the host name into UT_HOST, and ensure it's nul terminated. */
370 strncpy (ut_host, utmp_ent->ut_host, (int) sizeof (utmp_ent->ut_host));
371 ut_host[sizeof (utmp_ent->ut_host)] = '\0';
373 /* Look for an X display. */
374 display = strchr (ut_host, ':');
378 if (*ut_host && do_lookup)
380 /* See if we can canonicalize it. */
381 host = canon_host (ut_host);
389 if (hostlen < strlen (host) + strlen (display) + 4)
391 hostlen = strlen (host) + strlen (display) + 4;
392 hoststr = (char *) realloc (hoststr, hostlen);
394 sprintf (hoststr, "(%s:%s)", host, display);
398 if (hostlen < strlen (host) + 3)
400 hostlen = strlen (host) + 3;
401 hoststr = (char *) realloc (hoststr, hostlen);
403 sprintf (hoststr, "(%s)", host);
411 hoststr = (char *) realloc (hoststr, hostlen);
413 stpcpy (hoststr, "");
417 print_line (UT_USER (utmp_ent), mesg, utmp_ent->ut_line,
418 time_string (utmp_ent), idlestr, pidstr,
419 hoststr ? hoststr : "", "");
423 print_boottime (const STRUCT_UTMP *utmp_ent)
425 print_line ("", ' ', "system boot", time_string (utmp_ent), "", "", "", "");
429 make_id_equals_comment (STRUCT_UTMP const *utmp_ent)
431 char *comment = xmalloc (strlen (_("id=")) + sizeof UT_ID (utmp_ent) + 1);
433 /* Cast field width argument to `int' to avoid warning from gcc. */
434 sprintf (comment, "%s%.*s", _("id="), (int) sizeof UT_ID (utmp_ent),
440 print_deadprocs (const STRUCT_UTMP *utmp_ent)
442 static char *exitstr;
443 char *comment = make_id_equals_comment (utmp_ent);
444 PIDSTR_DECL_AND_INIT (pidstr, utmp_ent);
447 exitstr = xmalloc (strlen (_("term="))
448 + INT_STRLEN_BOUND (UT_EXIT_E_TERMINATION (utmp_ent)) + 1
449 + strlen (_("exit="))
450 + INT_STRLEN_BOUND (UT_EXIT_E_EXIT (utmp_ent))
452 sprintf (exitstr, "%s%d %s%d", _("term="), UT_EXIT_E_TERMINATION (utmp_ent),
453 _("exit="), UT_EXIT_E_EXIT (utmp_ent));
455 /* FIXME: add idle time? */
457 print_line ("", ' ', utmp_ent->ut_line,
458 time_string (utmp_ent), "", pidstr, comment, exitstr);
463 print_login (const STRUCT_UTMP *utmp_ent)
465 char *comment = make_id_equals_comment (utmp_ent);
466 PIDSTR_DECL_AND_INIT (pidstr, utmp_ent);
468 /* FIXME: add idle time? */
470 print_line ("LOGIN", ' ', utmp_ent->ut_line,
471 time_string (utmp_ent), "", pidstr, comment, "");
476 print_initspawn (const STRUCT_UTMP *utmp_ent)
478 char *comment = make_id_equals_comment (utmp_ent);
479 PIDSTR_DECL_AND_INIT (pidstr, utmp_ent);
481 print_line ("", ' ', utmp_ent->ut_line,
482 time_string (utmp_ent), "", pidstr, comment, "");
487 print_clockchange (const STRUCT_UTMP *utmp_ent)
489 /* FIXME: handle NEW_TIME & OLD_TIME both */
490 print_line ("", ' ', _("clock change"),
491 time_string (utmp_ent), "", "", "", "");
495 print_runlevel (const STRUCT_UTMP *utmp_ent)
497 static char *runlevline, *comment;
498 int last = UT_PID (utmp_ent) / 256;
499 int curr = UT_PID (utmp_ent) % 256;
502 runlevline = xmalloc (strlen (_("run-level")) + 3);
503 sprintf (runlevline, "%s %c", _("run-level"), curr);
506 comment = xmalloc (strlen (_("last=")) + 2);
507 sprintf (comment, "%s%c", _("last="), (last == 'N') ? 'S' : last);
509 print_line ("", ' ', runlevline, time_string (utmp_ent),
510 "", "", comment, "");
515 /* Print the username of each valid entry and the number of valid entries
516 in UTMP_BUF, which should have N elements. */
518 list_entries_who (int n, const STRUCT_UTMP *utmp_buf)
524 if (UT_USER (utmp_buf)[0] && UT_TYPE (utmp_buf) == USER_PROCESS)
528 trimmed_name = extract_trimmed_name (utmp_buf);
530 printf ("%s ", trimmed_name);
536 printf (_("\n# users=%u\n"), entries);
542 print_line (_("NAME"), ' ', _("LINE"), _("TIME"), _("IDLE"), _("PID"),
543 _("COMMENT"), _("EXIT"));
546 /* Display UTMP_BUF, which should have N entries. */
548 scan_entries (int n, const STRUCT_UTMP *utmp_buf)
550 char *ttyname_b IF_LINT ( = NULL);
557 ttyname_b = ttyname (0);
560 if (strncmp (ttyname_b, DEV_DIR_WITH_TRAILING_SLASH, DEV_DIR_LEN) == 0)
561 ttyname_b += DEV_DIR_LEN; /* Discard /dev/ prefix. */
567 strncmp (ttyname_b, utmp_buf->ut_line,
568 sizeof (utmp_buf->ut_line)) == 0)
570 if (need_users && IS_USER_PROCESS (utmp_buf))
571 print_user (utmp_buf);
572 else if (need_runlevel && UT_TYPE (utmp_buf) == RUN_LVL)
573 print_runlevel (utmp_buf);
574 else if (need_boottime && UT_TYPE (utmp_buf) == BOOT_TIME)
575 print_boottime (utmp_buf);
576 /* I've never seen one of these, so I don't know what it should
578 FIXME: handle OLD_TIME also, perhaps show the delta? */
579 else if (need_clockchange && UT_TYPE (utmp_buf) == NEW_TIME)
580 print_clockchange (utmp_buf);
581 else if (need_initspawn && UT_TYPE (utmp_buf) == INIT_PROCESS)
582 print_initspawn (utmp_buf);
583 else if (need_login && UT_TYPE (utmp_buf) == LOGIN_PROCESS)
584 print_login (utmp_buf);
585 else if (need_deadprocs && UT_TYPE (utmp_buf) == DEAD_PROCESS)
586 print_deadprocs (utmp_buf);
593 /* Display a list of who is on the system, according to utmp file filename. */
595 who (const char *filename)
598 STRUCT_UTMP *utmp_buf;
599 int fail = read_utmp (filename, &n_users, &utmp_buf);
602 error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, "%s", filename);
605 list_entries_who (n_users, utmp_buf);
607 scan_entries (n_users, utmp_buf);
614 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
618 printf (_("Usage: %s [OPTION]... [ FILE | ARG1 ARG2 ]\n"), program_name);
621 -a, --all same as -b -d --login -p -r -t -T -u\n\
622 -b, --boot time of last system boot\n\
623 -d, --dead print dead processes\n\
624 -H, --heading print line of column headings\n\
627 -i, --idle add idle time as HOURS:MINUTES, . or old\n\
628 (deprecated, use -u)\n\
629 -l, --login print system login processes\n\
632 --lookup attempt to canonicalize hostnames via DNS\n\
633 -m only hostname and user associated with stdin\n\
634 -p, --process print active processes spawned by init\n\
637 -q, --count all login names and number of users logged on\n\
638 -r, --runlevel print current runlevel\n\
639 -s, --short print only name, line, and time (default)\n\
640 -t, --time print last system clock change\n\
643 -T, -w, --mesg add user's message status as +, - or ?\n\
644 -u, --users list users logged in\n\
645 --message same as -T\n\
646 --writable same as -T\n\
648 fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
649 fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
652 If FILE is not specified, use %s. %s as FILE is common.\n\
653 If ARG1 ARG2 given, -m presumed: `am i' or `mom likes' are usual.\n\
654 "), UTMP_FILE, WTMP_FILE);
655 printf (_("\nReport bugs to <%s>.\n"), PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);
661 main (int argc, char **argv)
666 initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
667 program_name = argv[0];
668 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
669 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
670 textdomain (PACKAGE);
672 atexit (close_stdout);
674 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "abdilmpqrstuwHT", longopts,
688 need_clockchange = 1;
742 need_clockchange = 1;
753 _("Warning: -i will be removed in a future release; \
766 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
768 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
771 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
786 switch (argc - optind)
793 case 1: /* who <utmp file> */
797 case 2: /* who <blurf> <glop> */
803 error (0, 0, _("too many arguments"));
804 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);