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45 \inmodule QtWebSockets
46 \brief Implements a TCP socket that talks the websocket protocol.
48 WebSockets is a web technology providing full-duplex communications channels over
49 a single TCP connection.
50 The WebSocket protocol was standardized by the IETF as
51 \l {http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455} {RFC 6455} in 2011.
52 QWebSocket can both be used in a client application and server application.
54 This class was modeled after QAbstractSocket.
56 \sa QAbstractSocket, QTcpSocket
58 \sa {QWebSocket client example}
62 \page echoclient.html example
63 \title QWebSocket client example
64 \brief A sample websocket client that sends a message and displays the message that
68 The EchoClient example implements a web socket client that sends a message to a websocket server
69 and dumps the answer that it gets back.
70 This example should ideally be used with the EchoServer example.
72 We start by connecting to the `connected()` signal.
73 \snippet echoclient/echoclient.cpp constructor
74 After the connection, we open the socket to the given \a url.
76 \snippet echoclient/echoclient.cpp onConnected
77 When the client is connected successfully, we connect to the `onTextMessageReceived()` signal,
78 and send out "Hello, world!".
79 If connected with the EchoServer, we will receive the same message back.
81 \snippet echoclient/echoclient.cpp onTextMessageReceived
82 Whenever a message is received, we write it out.
86 \fn void QWebSocket::connected()
87 \brief Emitted when a connection is successfully established.
88 A connection is successfully established when the socket is connected
89 and the handshake was successful.
90 \sa open(), disconnected()
93 \fn void QWebSocket::disconnected()
94 \brief Emitted when the socket is disconnected.
95 \sa close(), connected()
98 \fn void QWebSocket::aboutToClose()
100 This signal is emitted when the socket is about to close.
101 Connect this signal if you have operations that need to be performed before the socket closes
102 (e.g., if you have data in a separate buffer that needs to be written to the device).
107 \fn void QWebSocket::proxyAuthenticationRequired(const QNetworkProxy &proxy, QAuthenticator *authenticator)
109 This signal can be emitted when a \a proxy that requires
110 authentication is used. The \a authenticator object can then be
111 filled in with the required details to allow authentication and
112 continue the connection.
114 \note It is not possible to use a QueuedConnection to connect to
115 this signal, as the connection will fail if the authenticator has
116 not been filled in with new information when the signal returns.
118 \sa QAuthenticator, QNetworkProxy
121 \fn void QWebSocket::stateChanged(QAbstractSocket::SocketState state);
123 This signal is emitted whenever QWebSocket's state changes.
124 The \a state parameter is the new state.
126 \note QAbstractSocket::ConnectedState is emitted after the handshake has
127 with the server has succeeded.
129 QAbstractSocket::SocketState is not a registered metatype, so for queued
130 connections, you will have to register it with Q_REGISTER_METATYPE() and
136 \fn void QWebSocket::readChannelFinished()
138 This signal is emitted when the input (reading) stream is closed in this device.
139 It is emitted as soon as the closing is detected.
144 \fn void QWebSocket::bytesWritten(qint64 bytes)
146 This signal is emitted every time a payload of data has been written to the socket.
147 The \a bytes argument is set to the number of bytes that were written in this payload.
149 \note This signal has the same meaning both for secure and non-secure websockets.
150 As opposed to QSslSocket, bytesWritten() is only emitted when encrypted data is effectively
151 written (see QSslSocket:encryptedBytesWritten()).
156 \fn void QWebSocket::textFrameReceived(const QString &frame, bool isLastFrame);
158 This signal is emitted whenever a text frame is received. The \a frame contains the data and
159 \a isLastFrame indicates whether this is the last frame of the complete message.
161 This signal can be used to process large messages frame by frame, instead of waiting for the
162 complete message to arrive.
164 \sa binaryFrameReceived()
167 \fn void QWebSocket::binaryFrameReceived(const QByteArray &frame, bool isLastFrame);
169 This signal is emitted whenever a binary frame is received. The \a frame contains the data and
170 \a isLastFrame indicates whether this is the last frame of the complete message.
172 This signal can be used to process large messages frame by frame, instead of waiting for the
173 complete message to arrive.
175 \sa textFrameReceived()
178 \fn void QWebSocket::textMessageReceived(const QString &message);
180 This signal is emitted whenever a text message is received. The \a message contains the
183 \sa binaryMessageReceived()
186 \fn void QWebSocket::binaryMessageReceived(const QByteArray &message);
188 This signal is emitted whenever a binary message is received. The \a message contains the
191 \sa textMessageReceived()
194 \fn void QWebSocket::error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError error);
196 This signal is emitted after an error occurred. The \a error
197 parameter describes the type of error that occurred.
199 QAbstractSocket::SocketError is not a registered metatype, so for queued
200 connections, you will have to register it with Q_DECLARE_METATYPE() and
203 \sa error(), errorString()
206 \fn void QWebSocket::sslErrors(const QList<QSslError> &errors)
207 QWebSocket emits this signal after the SSL handshake to indicate that one or more errors have
208 occurred while establishing the identity of the peer.
209 The errors are usually an indication that QWebSocket is unable to securely identify the peer.
210 Unless any action is taken, the connection will be dropped after this signal has been emitted.
211 If you want to continue connecting despite the errors that have occurred, you must call
212 QWebSocket::ignoreSslErrors() from inside a slot connected to this signal.
213 If you need to access the error list at a later point, you can call sslErrors()
216 \a errors contains one or more errors that prevent QWebSocket from verifying the identity of
219 \note You cannot use Qt::QueuedConnection when connecting to this signal, or calling
220 QWebSocket::ignoreSslErrors() will have no effect.
223 \fn void QWebSocket::pong(quint64 elapsedTime, const QByteArray &payload)
225 Emitted when a pong message is received in reply to a previous ping.
226 \a elapsedTime contains the roundtrip time in milliseconds and \a payload contains an optional
227 payload that was sent with the ping.
231 #include "qwebsocket.h"
232 #include "qwebsocket_p.h"
234 #include <QtCore/QUrl>
235 #include <QtNetwork/QTcpSocket>
236 #include <QtCore/QByteArray>
237 #include <QtNetwork/QHostAddress>
239 #include <QtCore/QDebug>
246 * \brief Creates a new QWebSocket with the given \a origin,
247 * the \a version of the protocol to use and \a parent.
249 * The \a origin of the client is as specified \l {http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6454}{RFC 6454}.
250 * (The \a origin is not required for non-web browser clients
251 * (see \l {http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455}{RFC 6455})).
252 * \note Currently only V13 (\l {http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455} {RFC 6455}) is supported
254 QWebSocket::QWebSocket(const QString &origin,
255 QWebSocketProtocol::Version version,
258 d_ptr(new QWebSocketPrivate(origin, version, this, this))
263 * \brief Destroys the QWebSocket. Closes the socket if it is still open,
264 * and releases any used resources.
266 QWebSocket::~QWebSocket()
272 * \brief Aborts the current socket and resets the socket.
273 * Unlike close(), this function immediately closes the socket,
274 * discarding any pending data in the write buffer.
276 void QWebSocket::abort()
283 * Returns the type of error that last occurred
286 QAbstractSocket::SocketError QWebSocket::error() const
288 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
292 //only called by QWebSocketPrivate::upgradeFrom
296 QWebSocket::QWebSocket(QTcpSocket *pTcpSocket,
297 QWebSocketProtocol::Version version, QObject *parent) :
299 d_ptr(new QWebSocketPrivate(pTcpSocket, version, this, this))
304 * Returns a human-readable description of the last error that occurred
308 QString QWebSocket::errorString() const
310 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
311 return d->errorString();
315 This function writes as much as possible from the internal write buffer
316 to the underlying network socket, without blocking.
317 If any data was written, this function returns true; otherwise false is returned.
318 Call this function if you need QWebSocket to start sending buffered data immediately.
319 The number of bytes successfully written depends on the operating system.
320 In most cases, you do not need to call this function,
321 because QWebSocket will start sending data automatically
322 once control goes back to the event loop.
324 bool QWebSocket::flush()
331 \brief Sends the given \a message over the socket as a text message and
332 returns the number of bytes actually sent.
334 qint64 QWebSocket::write(const QString &message)
337 return d->write(message);
341 \brief Sends the given \a data over the socket as a binary message and
342 returns the number of bytes actually sent.
344 qint64 QWebSocket::write(const QByteArray &data)
347 return d->write(data);
351 \brief Gracefully closes the socket with the given \a closeCode and \a reason.
353 Any data in the write buffer is flushed before the socket is closed.
354 The \a closeCode is a QWebSocketProtocol::CloseCode indicating the reason to close, and
355 \a reason describes the reason of the closure more in detail
357 void QWebSocket::close(QWebSocketProtocol::CloseCode closeCode, const QString &reason)
360 d->close(closeCode, reason);
364 \brief Opens a websocket connection using the given \a url.
365 If \a mask is true, all frames will be masked; this is only necessary for client side sockets;
366 servers should never mask.
367 \note A client socket must *always* mask its frames; servers may *never* mask its frames.
369 void QWebSocket::open(const QUrl &url, bool mask)
376 \brief Pings the server to indicate that the connection is still alive.
377 Additional \a payload can be sent along the ping message.
379 The size of the \a payload cannot be bigger than 125.
380 If it is larger, the \a payload is clipped to 125 bytes.
384 void QWebSocket::ping(const QByteArray &payload)
392 This slot tells QWebSocket to ignore errors during QWebSocket's
393 handshake phase and continue connecting. If you want to continue
394 with the connection even if errors occur during the handshake
395 phase, then you must call this slot, either from a slot connected
396 to sslErrors(), or before the handshake phase. If you don't call
397 this slot, either in response to errors or before the handshake,
398 the connection will be dropped after the sslErrors() signal has
401 \warning Be sure to always let the user inspect the errors
402 reported by the sslErrors() signal, and only call this method
403 upon confirmation from the user that proceeding is ok.
404 If there are unexpected errors, the connection should be aborted.
405 Calling this method without inspecting the actual errors will
406 most likely pose a security risk for your application. Use it
409 \sa sslErrors(), QSslSocket::ignoreSslErrors(), QNetworkReply::ignoreSslErrors()
411 void QWebSocket::ignoreSslErrors()
414 d->ignoreSslErrors();
420 This method tells QWebSocket to ignore the errors given in \a errors.
422 Note that you can set the expected certificate in the SSL error:
423 If, for instance, you want to connect to a server that uses
424 a self-signed certificate, consider the following snippet:
426 \snippet src_websockets_ssl_qwebsocket.cpp 6
428 Multiple calls to this function will replace the list of errors that
429 were passed in previous calls.
430 You can clear the list of errors you want to ignore by calling this
431 function with an empty list.
435 void QWebSocket::ignoreSslErrors(const QList<QSslError> &errors)
438 d->ignoreSslErrors(errors);
442 Sets the socket's SSL configuration to be the contents of \a sslConfiguration.
444 This function sets the local certificate, the ciphers, the private key and
445 the CA certificates to those stored in \a sslConfiguration.
446 It is not possible to set the SSL-state related fields.
447 \sa sslConfiguration()
449 void QWebSocket::setSslConfiguration(const QSslConfiguration &sslConfiguration)
452 d->setSslConfiguration(sslConfiguration);
456 Returns the socket's SSL configuration state.
457 The default SSL configuration of a socket is to use the default ciphers,
458 default CA certificates, no local private key or certificate.
459 The SSL configuration also contains fields that can change with time without notice.
461 \sa setSslConfiguration()
463 QSslConfiguration QWebSocket::sslConfiguration() const
465 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
466 return d->sslConfiguration();
469 #endif //not QT_NO_SSL
472 \brief Returns the version the socket is currently using
474 QWebSocketProtocol::Version QWebSocket::version() const
476 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
481 \brief Returns the name of the resource currently accessed.
483 QString QWebSocket::resourceName() const
485 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
486 return d->resourceName();
490 \brief Returns the url the socket is connected to or will connect to.
492 QUrl QWebSocket::requestUrl() const
494 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
495 return d->requestUrl();
499 \brief Returns the current origin
501 QString QWebSocket::origin() const
503 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
508 \brief Returns the currently used protocol.
510 QString QWebSocket::protocol() const
512 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
513 return d->protocol();
517 \brief Returns the currently used extension.
519 QString QWebSocket::extension() const
521 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
522 return d->extension();
526 \brief Returns the code indicating why the socket was closed.
527 \sa QWebSocketProtocol::CloseCode, closeReason()
529 QWebSocketProtocol::CloseCode QWebSocket::closeCode() const
531 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
532 return d->closeCode();
536 \brief Returns the reason why the socket was closed.
539 QString QWebSocket::closeReason() const
541 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
542 return d->closeReason();
546 \brief Returns the current state of the socket
548 QAbstractSocket::SocketState QWebSocket::state() const
550 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
555 Returns the local address
557 QHostAddress QWebSocket::localAddress() const
559 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
560 return d->localAddress();
564 Returns the local port
566 quint16 QWebSocket::localPort() const
568 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
569 return d->localPort();
573 Returns the pause mode of this socket
575 QAbstractSocket::PauseModes QWebSocket::pauseMode() const
577 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
578 return d->pauseMode();
582 Returns the peer address
584 QHostAddress QWebSocket::peerAddress() const
586 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
587 return d->peerAddress();
593 QString QWebSocket::peerName() const
595 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
596 return d->peerName();
602 quint16 QWebSocket::peerPort() const
604 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
605 return d->peerPort();
608 #ifndef QT_NO_NETWORKPROXY
610 Returns the currently configured proxy
612 QNetworkProxy QWebSocket::proxy() const
614 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
619 Sets the proxy to \a networkProxy
621 void QWebSocket::setProxy(const QNetworkProxy &networkProxy)
624 d->setProxy(networkProxy);
629 Returns the size in bytes of the readbuffer that is used by the socket.
631 qint64 QWebSocket::readBufferSize() const
633 Q_D(const QWebSocket);
634 return d->readBufferSize();
638 Continues data transfer on the socket. This method should only be used after the socket
639 has been set to pause upon notifications and a notification has been received.
640 The only notification currently supported is sslErrors().
641 Calling this method if the socket is not paused results in undefined behavior.
643 \sa pauseMode(), setPauseMode()
645 void QWebSocket::resume()
652 Controls whether to pause upon receiving a notification. The \a pauseMode parameter specifies
653 the conditions in which the socket should be paused.
655 The only notification currently supported is sslErrors().
656 If set to PauseOnSslErrors, data transfer on the socket will be paused
657 and needs to be enabled explicitly again by calling resume().
658 By default, this option is set to PauseNever. This option must be called
659 before connecting to the server, otherwise it will result in undefined behavior.
661 \sa pauseMode(), resume()
663 void QWebSocket::setPauseMode(QAbstractSocket::PauseModes pauseMode)
666 d->setPauseMode(pauseMode);
670 Sets the size of QWebSocket's internal read buffer to be \a size bytes.
672 If the buffer size is limited to a certain size, QWebSocket won't buffer more than
674 Exceptionally, a buffer size of 0 means that the read buffer is unlimited and
675 all incoming data is buffered. This is the default.
676 This option is useful if you only read the data at certain points in time
677 (e.g., in a real-time streaming application) or if you want to protect your socket against
678 receiving too much data, which may eventually cause your application to run out of memory.
682 void QWebSocket::setReadBufferSize(qint64 size)
685 d->setReadBufferSize(size);
689 Sets the given \a option to the value described by \a value.
692 void QWebSocket::setSocketOption(QAbstractSocket::SocketOption option, const QVariant &value)
695 d->setSocketOption(option, value);
699 Returns the value of the option \a option.
700 \sa setSocketOption()
702 QVariant QWebSocket::socketOption(QAbstractSocket::SocketOption option)
705 return d->socketOption(option);
709 Returns true if the QWebSocket is valid.
711 bool QWebSocket::isValid() const
713 Q_D(const QWebSocket);