1 /* su for GNU. Run a shell with substitute user and group IDs.
2 Copyright (C) 92, 93, 94, 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16 Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */
18 /* Run a shell with the real and effective UID and GID and groups
19 of USER, default `root'.
21 The shell run is taken from USER's password entry, /bin/sh if
22 none is specified there. If the account has a password, su
23 prompts for a password unless run by a user with real UID 0.
25 Does not change the current directory.
26 Sets `HOME' and `SHELL' from the password entry for USER, and if
27 USER is not root, sets `USER' and `LOGNAME' to USER.
28 The subshell is not a login shell.
30 If one or more ARGs are given, they are passed as additional
31 arguments to the subshell.
33 Does not handle /bin/sh or other shells specially
34 (setting argv[0] to "-su", passing -c only to certain shells, etc.).
35 I don't see the point in doing that, and it's ugly.
37 This program intentionally does not support a "wheel group" that
38 restricts who can su to UID 0 accounts. RMS considers that to
42 -, -l, --login Make the subshell a login shell.
43 Unset all environment variables except
44 TERM, HOME and SHELL (set as above), and USER
45 and LOGNAME (set unconditionally as above), and
46 set PATH to a default value.
47 Change to USER's home directory.
48 Prepend "-" to the shell's name.
49 -c, --commmand=COMMAND
50 Pass COMMAND to the subshell with a -c option
51 instead of starting an interactive shell.
52 -f, --fast Pass the -f option to the subshell.
53 -m, -p, --preserve-environment
54 Do not change HOME, USER, LOGNAME, SHELL.
55 Run $SHELL instead of USER's shell from /etc/passwd
56 unless not the superuser and USER's shell is
58 Overridden by --login and --shell.
59 -s, --shell=shell Run SHELL instead of USER's shell from /etc/passwd
60 unless not the superuser and USER's shell is
64 -DSYSLOG_SUCCESS Log successful su's (by default, to root) with syslog.
65 -DSYSLOG_FAILURE Log failed su's (by default, to root) with syslog.
67 -DSYSLOG_NON_ROOT Log all su's, not just those to root (UID 0).
68 Never logs attempted su's to nonexistent accounts.
70 Written by David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu>. */
75 #include <sys/types.h>
80 #if defined(HAVE_SYSLOG_H) && defined(HAVE_SYSLOG)
82 static void log_su ();
83 #else /* !HAVE_SYSLOG_H */
90 #ifdef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
91 #undef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
93 #endif /* !HAVE_SYSLOG_H */
100 #define NGROUPS_MAX sysconf (_SC_NGROUPS_MAX)
101 #else /* not _POSIX_VERSION */
102 struct passwd *getpwuid ();
103 struct group *getgrgid ();
105 #include <sys/param.h>
106 #if !defined(NGROUPS_MAX) && defined(NGROUPS)
107 #define NGROUPS_MAX NGROUPS
109 #endif /* not _POSIX_VERSION */
111 #ifndef HAVE_ENDGRENT
115 #ifndef HAVE_ENDPWENT
126 /* The default PATH for simulated logins to non-superuser accounts. */
127 #define DEFAULT_LOGIN_PATH ":/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin"
129 /* The default PATH for simulated logins to superuser accounts. */
130 #define DEFAULT_ROOT_LOGIN_PATH "/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin:/etc"
132 /* The shell to run if none is given in the user's passwd entry. */
133 #define DEFAULT_SHELL "/bin/sh"
135 /* The user to become if none is specified. */
136 #define DEFAULT_USER "root"
140 char *getusershell ();
141 void endusershell ();
142 void setusershell ();
149 static char *concat ();
150 static int correct_password ();
151 static int elements ();
152 static int restricted_shell ();
153 static void change_identity ();
154 static void modify_environment ();
155 static void run_shell ();
156 static void usage ();
157 static void xputenv ();
159 extern char **environ;
161 /* The name this program was run with. */
164 /* If non-zero, display usage information and exit. */
165 static int show_help;
167 /* If non-zero, print the version on standard output and exit. */
168 static int show_version;
170 /* If nonzero, pass the `-f' option to the subshell. */
171 static int fast_startup;
173 /* If nonzero, simulate a login instead of just starting a shell. */
174 static int simulate_login;
176 /* If nonzero, change some environment vars to indicate the user su'd to. */
177 static int change_environment;
179 static struct option const longopts[] =
181 {"command", required_argument, 0, 'c'},
182 {"fast", no_argument, &fast_startup, 1},
183 {"help", no_argument, &show_help, 1},
184 {"login", no_argument, &simulate_login, 1},
185 {"preserve-environment", no_argument, &change_environment, 0},
186 {"shell", required_argument, 0, 's'},
187 {"version", no_argument, &show_version, 1},
197 const char *new_user = DEFAULT_USER;
199 char **additional_args = 0;
202 struct passwd pw_copy;
204 program_name = argv[0];
207 change_environment = 1;
209 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "c:flmps:", longopts, (int *) 0))
231 change_environment = 0;
245 printf ("su - %s\n", version_string);
252 if (optind < argc && !strcmp (argv[optind], "-"))
258 new_user = argv[optind++];
260 additional_args = argv + optind;
262 pw = getpwnam (new_user);
264 error (1, 0, _("user %s does not exist"), new_user);
267 /* Make a copy of the password information and point pw at the local
268 copy instead. Otherwise, some systems (e.g. Linux) would clobber
269 the static data through the getlogin call from log_su. */
272 pw->pw_name = xstrdup (pw->pw_name);
273 pw->pw_dir = xstrdup (pw->pw_dir);
274 pw->pw_shell = xstrdup (pw->pw_shell);
276 if (!correct_password (pw))
278 #ifdef SYSLOG_FAILURE
281 error (1, 0, _("incorrect password"));
283 #ifdef SYSLOG_SUCCESS
290 if (pw->pw_shell == 0 || pw->pw_shell[0] == 0)
291 pw->pw_shell = (char *) DEFAULT_SHELL;
292 if (shell == 0 && change_environment == 0)
293 shell = getenv ("SHELL");
294 if (shell != 0 && getuid () && restricted_shell (pw->pw_shell))
296 /* The user being su'd to has a nonstandard shell, and so is
297 probably a uucp account or has restricted access. Don't
298 compromise the account by allowing access with a standard
300 error (0, 0, _("using restricted shell %s"), pw->pw_shell);
305 shell = xstrdup (pw->pw_shell);
307 modify_environment (pw, shell);
309 change_identity (pw);
310 if (simulate_login && chdir (pw->pw_dir))
311 error (0, errno, _("warning: cannot change directory to %s"), pw->pw_dir);
313 run_shell (shell, command, additional_args);
316 /* Ask the user for a password.
317 Return 1 if the user gives the correct password for entry PW,
318 0 if not. Return 1 without asking for a password if run by UID 0
319 or if PW has an empty password. */
322 correct_password (pw)
325 char *unencrypted, *encrypted, *correct;
327 /* Shadow passwd stuff for SVR3 and maybe other systems. */
328 struct spwd *sp = getspnam (pw->pw_name);
332 correct = sp->sp_pwdp;
335 correct = pw->pw_passwd;
337 if (getuid () == 0 || correct == 0 || correct[0] == '\0')
340 unencrypted = getpass (_("Password:"));
341 if (unencrypted == NULL)
343 error (0, 0, _("getpass: cannot open /dev/tty"));
346 encrypted = crypt (unencrypted, correct);
347 memset (unencrypted, 0, strlen (unencrypted));
348 return strcmp (encrypted, correct) == 0;
351 /* Update `environ' for the new shell based on PW, with SHELL being
352 the value for the SHELL environment variable. */
355 modify_environment (pw, shell)
363 /* Leave TERM unchanged. Set HOME, SHELL, USER, LOGNAME, PATH.
364 Unset all other environment variables. */
365 term = getenv ("TERM");
366 environ = (char **) xmalloc (2 * sizeof (char *));
369 xputenv (concat ("TERM", "=", term));
370 xputenv (concat ("HOME", "=", pw->pw_dir));
371 xputenv (concat ("SHELL", "=", shell));
372 xputenv (concat ("USER", "=", pw->pw_name));
373 xputenv (concat ("LOGNAME", "=", pw->pw_name));
374 xputenv (concat ("PATH", "=", pw->pw_uid
375 ? DEFAULT_LOGIN_PATH : DEFAULT_ROOT_LOGIN_PATH));
379 /* Set HOME, SHELL, and if not becoming a super-user,
381 if (change_environment)
383 xputenv (concat ("HOME", "=", pw->pw_dir));
384 xputenv (concat ("SHELL", "=", shell));
387 xputenv (concat ("USER", "=", pw->pw_name));
388 xputenv (concat ("LOGNAME", "=", pw->pw_name));
394 /* Become the user and group(s) specified by PW. */
400 #ifdef HAVE_INITGROUPS
402 if (initgroups (pw->pw_name, pw->pw_gid) == -1)
403 error (1, errno, _("cannot set groups"));
406 if (setgid (pw->pw_gid))
407 error (1, errno, _("cannot set group id"));
408 if (setuid (pw->pw_uid))
409 error (1, errno, _("cannot set user id"));
412 /* Run SHELL, or DEFAULT_SHELL if SHELL is empty.
413 If COMMAND is nonzero, pass it to the shell with the -c option.
414 If ADDITIONAL_ARGS is nonzero, pass it to the shell as more
418 run_shell (shell, command, additional_args)
421 char **additional_args;
427 args = (const char **) xmalloc (sizeof (char *)
428 * (10 + elements (additional_args)));
430 args = (const char **) xmalloc (sizeof (char *) * 10);
434 char *shell_basename;
436 shell_basename = basename (shell);
437 arg0 = xmalloc (strlen (shell_basename) + 2);
439 strcpy (arg0 + 1, shell_basename);
443 args[0] = basename (shell);
445 args[argno++] = "-f";
448 args[argno++] = "-c";
449 args[argno++] = command;
452 for (; *additional_args; ++additional_args)
453 args[argno++] = *additional_args;
455 execv (shell, (char **) args);
456 error (1, errno, _("cannot run %s"), shell);
459 #if defined (SYSLOG_SUCCESS) || defined (SYSLOG_FAILURE)
460 /* Log the fact that someone has run su to the user given by PW;
461 if SUCCESSFUL is nonzero, they gave the correct password, etc. */
464 log_su (pw, successful)
468 const char *new_user, *old_user, *tty;
470 #ifndef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
474 new_user = pw->pw_name;
475 /* The utmp entry (via getlogin) is probably the best way to identify
476 the user, especially if someone su's from a su-shell. */
477 old_user = getlogin ();
478 if (old_user == NULL)
483 /* 4.2BSD openlog doesn't have the third parameter. */
484 openlog (basename (program_name), 0
490 #ifdef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
491 "%s(to %s) %s on %s",
495 successful ? "" : "FAILED SU ",
496 #ifdef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
504 /* Return 1 if SHELL is a restricted shell (one not returned by
505 getusershell), else 0, meaning it is a standard shell. */
508 restricted_shell (shell)
514 while ((line = getusershell ()) != NULL)
516 if (*line != '#' && strcmp (line, shell) == 0)
526 /* Return the number of elements in ARR, a null-terminated array. */
534 for (n = 0; *arr; ++arr)
539 /* Add VAL to the environment, checking for out of memory errors. */
546 error (1, 0, _("virtual memory exhausted"));
549 /* Return a newly-allocated string whose contents concatenate
550 those of S1, S2, S3. */
556 int len1 = strlen (s1), len2 = strlen (s2), len3 = strlen (s3);
557 char *result = (char *) xmalloc (len1 + len2 + len3 + 1);
560 strcpy (result + len1, s2);
561 strcpy (result + len1 + len2, s3);
562 result[len1 + len2 + len3] = 0;
572 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
576 printf (_("Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-] [USER [ARG]...]\n"), program_name);
578 Change the effective user id and group id to that of USER.\n\
580 -, -l, --login make the shell a login shell\n\
581 -c, --commmand=COMMAND pass a single COMMAND to the shell with -c\n\
582 -f, --fast pass -f to the shell (for csh or tcsh)\n\
583 -m, --preserve-environment do not reset environment variables\n\
585 -s, --shell=SHELL run SHELL if /etc/shells allows it\n\
586 --help display this help and exit\n\
587 --version output version information and exit\n\
589 A mere - implies -l. If USER not given, assume root.\n\