1 /* su for GNU. Run a shell with substitute user and group IDs.
2 Copyright (C) 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 1997 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
18 /* Run a shell with the real and effective UID and GID and groups
19 of USER, default `root'.
21 The shell run is taken from USER's password entry, /bin/sh if
22 none is specified there. If the account has a password, su
23 prompts for a password unless run by a user with real UID 0.
25 Does not change the current directory.
26 Sets `HOME' and `SHELL' from the password entry for USER, and if
27 USER is not root, sets `USER' and `LOGNAME' to USER.
28 The subshell is not a login shell.
30 If one or more ARGs are given, they are passed as additional
31 arguments to the subshell.
33 Does not handle /bin/sh or other shells specially
34 (setting argv[0] to "-su", passing -c only to certain shells, etc.).
35 I don't see the point in doing that, and it's ugly.
37 This program intentionally does not support a "wheel group" that
38 restricts who can su to UID 0 accounts. RMS considers that to
42 -, -l, --login Make the subshell a login shell.
43 Unset all environment variables except
44 TERM, HOME and SHELL (set as above), and USER
45 and LOGNAME (set unconditionally as above), and
46 set PATH to a default value.
47 Change to USER's home directory.
48 Prepend "-" to the shell's name.
49 -c, --commmand=COMMAND
50 Pass COMMAND to the subshell with a -c option
51 instead of starting an interactive shell.
52 -f, --fast Pass the -f option to the subshell.
53 -m, -p, --preserve-environment
54 Do not change HOME, USER, LOGNAME, SHELL.
55 Run $SHELL instead of USER's shell from /etc/passwd
56 unless not the superuser and USER's shell is
58 Overridden by --login and --shell.
59 -s, --shell=shell Run SHELL instead of USER's shell from /etc/passwd
60 unless not the superuser and USER's shell is
64 -DSYSLOG_SUCCESS Log successful su's (by default, to root) with syslog.
65 -DSYSLOG_FAILURE Log failed su's (by default, to root) with syslog.
67 -DSYSLOG_NON_ROOT Log all su's, not just those to root (UID 0).
68 Never logs attempted su's to nonexistent accounts.
70 Written by David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu>. */
75 #include <sys/types.h>
79 /* Hide any system prototype for getusershell.
80 This is necessary because some Cray systems have a conflicting
81 prototype (returning `int') in <unistd.h>. */
82 #define getusershell _getusershell_sys_proto_
88 #if HAVE_SYSLOG_H && HAVE_SYSLOG
91 # undef SYSLOG_SUCCESS
92 # undef SYSLOG_FAILURE
93 # undef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
98 #else /* not _POSIX_VERSION */
99 struct passwd *getpwuid ();
100 struct group *getgrgid ();
102 # include <sys/param.h>
103 #endif /* not _POSIX_VERSION */
105 #ifndef HAVE_ENDGRENT
106 # define endgrent() ((void) 0)
109 #ifndef HAVE_ENDPWENT
110 # define endpwent() ((void) 0)
123 /* The default PATH for simulated logins to non-superuser accounts. */
125 # define DEFAULT_LOGIN_PATH _PATH_DEFPATH
127 # define DEFAULT_LOGIN_PATH ":/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin"
130 /* The default PATH for simulated logins to superuser accounts. */
131 #ifdef _PATH_DEFPATH_ROOT
132 # define DEFAULT_ROOT_LOGIN_PATH _PATH_DEFPATH_ROOT
134 # define DEFAULT_ROOT_LOGIN_PATH "/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin:/etc"
137 /* The shell to run if none is given in the user's passwd entry. */
138 #define DEFAULT_SHELL "/bin/sh"
140 /* The user to become if none is specified. */
141 #define DEFAULT_USER "root"
145 char *getusershell ();
146 void endusershell ();
147 void setusershell ();
152 extern char **environ;
154 /* The name this program was run with. */
157 /* If nonzero, display usage information and exit. */
158 static int show_help;
160 /* If nonzero, print the version on standard output and exit. */
161 static int show_version;
163 /* If nonzero, pass the `-f' option to the subshell. */
164 static int fast_startup;
166 /* If nonzero, simulate a login instead of just starting a shell. */
167 static int simulate_login;
169 /* If nonzero, change some environment vars to indicate the user su'd to. */
170 static int change_environment;
172 static struct option const longopts[] =
174 {"command", required_argument, 0, 'c'},
175 {"fast", no_argument, &fast_startup, 1},
176 {"help", no_argument, &show_help, 1},
177 {"login", no_argument, &simulate_login, 1},
178 {"preserve-environment", no_argument, &change_environment, 0},
179 {"shell", required_argument, 0, 's'},
180 {"version", no_argument, &show_version, 1},
184 /* Add VAL to the environment, checking for out of memory errors. */
187 xputenv (const char *val)
190 error (1, 0, _("virtual memory exhausted"));
193 /* Return a newly-allocated string whose contents concatenate
194 those of S1, S2, S3. */
197 concat (const char *s1, const char *s2, const char *s3)
199 int len1 = strlen (s1), len2 = strlen (s2), len3 = strlen (s3);
200 char *result = (char *) xmalloc (len1 + len2 + len3 + 1);
203 strcpy (result + len1, s2);
204 strcpy (result + len1 + len2, s3);
205 result[len1 + len2 + len3] = 0;
210 /* Return the number of elements in ARR, a null-terminated array. */
213 elements (char **arr)
217 for (n = 0; *arr; ++arr)
222 #if defined (SYSLOG_SUCCESS) || defined (SYSLOG_FAILURE)
223 /* Log the fact that someone has run su to the user given by PW;
224 if SUCCESSFUL is nonzero, they gave the correct password, etc. */
227 log_su (const struct passwd *pw, int successful)
229 const char *new_user, *old_user, *tty;
231 # ifndef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
235 new_user = pw->pw_name;
236 /* The utmp entry (via getlogin) is probably the best way to identify
237 the user, especially if someone su's from a su-shell. */
238 old_user = getlogin ();
239 if (old_user == NULL)
241 /* getlogin can fail -- usually due to lack of utmp entry.
242 Resort to getpwuid. */
243 struct passwd *pwd = getpwuid (getuid ());
244 old_user = (pwd ? pwd->pw_name : "");
249 /* 4.2BSD openlog doesn't have the third parameter. */
250 openlog (base_name (program_name), 0
256 # ifdef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
257 "%s(to %s) %s on %s",
261 successful ? "" : "FAILED SU ",
262 # ifdef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
270 /* Ask the user for a password.
271 Return 1 if the user gives the correct password for entry PW,
272 0 if not. Return 1 without asking for a password if run by UID 0
273 or if PW has an empty password. */
276 correct_password (const struct passwd *pw)
278 char *unencrypted, *encrypted, *correct;
280 /* Shadow passwd stuff for SVR3 and maybe other systems. */
281 struct spwd *sp = getspnam (pw->pw_name);
285 correct = sp->sp_pwdp;
288 correct = pw->pw_passwd;
290 if (getuid () == 0 || correct == 0 || correct[0] == '\0')
293 unencrypted = getpass (_("Password:"));
294 if (unencrypted == NULL)
296 error (0, 0, _("getpass: cannot open /dev/tty"));
299 encrypted = crypt (unencrypted, correct);
300 memset (unencrypted, 0, strlen (unencrypted));
301 return strcmp (encrypted, correct) == 0;
304 /* Update `environ' for the new shell based on PW, with SHELL being
305 the value for the SHELL environment variable. */
308 modify_environment (const struct passwd *pw, const char *shell)
314 /* Leave TERM unchanged. Set HOME, SHELL, USER, LOGNAME, PATH.
315 Unset all other environment variables. */
316 term = getenv ("TERM");
317 environ = (char **) xmalloc (2 * sizeof (char *));
320 xputenv (concat ("TERM", "=", term));
321 xputenv (concat ("HOME", "=", pw->pw_dir));
322 xputenv (concat ("SHELL", "=", shell));
323 xputenv (concat ("USER", "=", pw->pw_name));
324 xputenv (concat ("LOGNAME", "=", pw->pw_name));
325 xputenv (concat ("PATH", "=", (pw->pw_uid
327 : DEFAULT_ROOT_LOGIN_PATH)));
331 /* Set HOME, SHELL, and if not becoming a super-user,
333 if (change_environment)
335 xputenv (concat ("HOME", "=", pw->pw_dir));
336 xputenv (concat ("SHELL", "=", shell));
339 xputenv (concat ("USER", "=", pw->pw_name));
340 xputenv (concat ("LOGNAME", "=", pw->pw_name));
346 /* Become the user and group(s) specified by PW. */
349 change_identity (const struct passwd *pw)
351 #ifdef HAVE_INITGROUPS
353 if (initgroups (pw->pw_name, pw->pw_gid) == -1)
354 error (1, errno, _("cannot set groups"));
357 if (setgid (pw->pw_gid))
358 error (1, errno, _("cannot set group id"));
359 if (setuid (pw->pw_uid))
360 error (1, errno, _("cannot set user id"));
363 /* Run SHELL, or DEFAULT_SHELL if SHELL is empty.
364 If COMMAND is nonzero, pass it to the shell with the -c option.
365 If ADDITIONAL_ARGS is nonzero, pass it to the shell as more
369 run_shell (const char *shell, const char *command, char **additional_args)
375 args = (const char **) xmalloc (sizeof (char *)
376 * (10 + elements (additional_args)));
378 args = (const char **) xmalloc (sizeof (char *) * 10);
382 char *shell_basename;
384 shell_basename = base_name (shell);
385 arg0 = xmalloc (strlen (shell_basename) + 2);
387 strcpy (arg0 + 1, shell_basename);
391 args[0] = base_name (shell);
393 args[argno++] = "-f";
396 args[argno++] = "-c";
397 args[argno++] = command;
400 for (; *additional_args; ++additional_args)
401 args[argno++] = *additional_args;
403 execv (shell, (char **) args);
404 error (1, errno, _("cannot run %s"), shell);
407 /* Return 1 if SHELL is a restricted shell (one not returned by
408 getusershell), else 0, meaning it is a standard shell. */
411 restricted_shell (const char *shell)
416 while ((line = getusershell ()) != NULL)
418 if (*line != '#' && strcmp (line, shell) == 0)
432 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
436 printf (_("Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-] [USER [ARG]...]\n"), program_name);
438 Change the effective user id and group id to that of USER.\n\
440 -, -l, --login make the shell a login shell\n\
441 -c, --commmand=COMMAND pass a single COMMAND to the shell with -c\n\
442 -f, --fast pass -f to the shell (for csh or tcsh)\n\
443 -m, --preserve-environment do not reset environment variables\n\
445 -s, --shell=SHELL run SHELL if /etc/shells allows it\n\
446 --help display this help and exit\n\
447 --version output version information and exit\n\
449 A mere - implies -l. If USER not given, assume root.\n\
451 puts (_("\nReport bugs to <sh-utils-bugs@gnu.org>."));
457 main (int argc, char **argv)
460 const char *new_user = DEFAULT_USER;
462 char **additional_args = 0;
465 struct passwd pw_copy;
467 program_name = argv[0];
468 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
469 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
470 textdomain (PACKAGE);
474 change_environment = 1;
476 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "c:flmps:", longopts, NULL)) != -1)
497 change_environment = 0;
511 printf ("su (%s) %s\n", GNU_PACKAGE, VERSION);
518 if (optind < argc && !strcmp (argv[optind], "-"))
524 new_user = argv[optind++];
526 additional_args = argv + optind;
528 pw = getpwnam (new_user);
530 error (1, 0, _("user %s does not exist"), new_user);
533 /* Make sure pw->pw_shell is non-NULL. It may be NULL when NEW_USER
534 is a username that is retrieved via NIS (YP), but that doesn't have
535 a default shell listed. */
536 if (pw->pw_shell == NULL || pw->pw_shell[0] == '\0')
537 pw->pw_shell = (char *) DEFAULT_SHELL;
539 /* Make a copy of the password information and point pw at the local
540 copy instead. Otherwise, some systems (e.g. Linux) would clobber
541 the static data through the getlogin call from log_su. */
544 pw->pw_name = xstrdup (pw->pw_name);
545 pw->pw_dir = xstrdup (pw->pw_dir);
546 pw->pw_shell = xstrdup (pw->pw_shell);
548 if (!correct_password (pw))
550 #ifdef SYSLOG_FAILURE
553 error (1, 0, _("incorrect password"));
555 #ifdef SYSLOG_SUCCESS
562 if (shell == 0 && change_environment == 0)
563 shell = getenv ("SHELL");
564 if (shell != 0 && getuid () && restricted_shell (pw->pw_shell))
566 /* The user being su'd to has a nonstandard shell, and so is
567 probably a uucp account or has restricted access. Don't
568 compromise the account by allowing access with a standard
570 error (0, 0, _("using restricted shell %s"), pw->pw_shell);
575 shell = xstrdup (pw->pw_shell);
577 modify_environment (pw, shell);
579 change_identity (pw);
580 if (simulate_login && chdir (pw->pw_dir))
581 error (0, errno, _("warning: cannot change directory to %s"), pw->pw_dir);
583 run_shell (shell, command, additional_args);