1 /* su for GNU. Run a shell with substitute user and group IDs.
2 Copyright (C) 92, 93, 94, 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16 Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */
18 /* Run a shell with the real and effective UID and GID and groups
19 of USER, default `root'.
21 The shell run is taken from USER's password entry, /bin/sh if
22 none is specified there. If the account has a password, su
23 prompts for a password unless run by a user with real UID 0.
25 Does not change the current directory.
26 Sets `HOME' and `SHELL' from the password entry for USER, and if
27 USER is not root, sets `USER' and `LOGNAME' to USER.
28 The subshell is not a login shell.
30 If one or more ARGs are given, they are passed as additional
31 arguments to the subshell.
33 Does not handle /bin/sh or other shells specially
34 (setting argv[0] to "-su", passing -c only to certain shells, etc.).
35 I don't see the point in doing that, and it's ugly.
37 This program intentionally does not support a "wheel group" that
38 restricts who can su to UID 0 accounts. RMS considers that to
42 -, -l, --login Make the subshell a login shell.
43 Unset all environment variables except
44 TERM, HOME and SHELL (set as above), and USER
45 and LOGNAME (set unconditionally as above), and
46 set PATH to a default value.
47 Change to USER's home directory.
48 Prepend "-" to the shell's name.
49 -c, --commmand=COMMAND
50 Pass COMMAND to the subshell with a -c option
51 instead of starting an interactive shell.
52 -f, --fast Pass the -f option to the subshell.
53 -m, -p, --preserve-environment
54 Do not change HOME, USER, LOGNAME, SHELL.
55 Run $SHELL instead of USER's shell from /etc/passwd
56 unless not the superuser and USER's shell is
58 Overridden by --login and --shell.
59 -s, --shell=shell Run SHELL instead of USER's shell from /etc/passwd
60 unless not the superuser and USER's shell is
64 -DSYSLOG_SUCCESS Log successful su's (by default, to root) with syslog.
65 -DSYSLOG_FAILURE Log failed su's (by default, to root) with syslog.
67 -DSYSLOG_NON_ROOT Log all su's, not just those to root (UID 0).
68 Never logs attempted su's to nonexistent accounts.
70 Written by David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu>. */
75 #include <sys/types.h>
80 #if defined(HAVE_SYSLOG_H) && defined(HAVE_SYSLOG)
82 static void log_su ();
83 #else /* !HAVE_SYSLOG_H */
90 #ifdef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
91 #undef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
93 #endif /* !HAVE_SYSLOG_H */
97 #else /* not _POSIX_VERSION */
98 struct passwd *getpwuid ();
99 struct group *getgrgid ();
101 #include <sys/param.h>
102 #endif /* not _POSIX_VERSION */
104 #ifndef HAVE_ENDGRENT
105 # define endgrent() ((void) 0)
108 #ifndef HAVE_ENDPWENT
109 # define endpwent() ((void) 0)
118 /* The default PATH for simulated logins to non-superuser accounts. */
119 #define DEFAULT_LOGIN_PATH ":/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin"
121 /* The default PATH for simulated logins to superuser accounts. */
122 #define DEFAULT_ROOT_LOGIN_PATH "/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin:/etc"
124 /* The shell to run if none is given in the user's passwd entry. */
125 #define DEFAULT_SHELL "/bin/sh"
127 /* The user to become if none is specified. */
128 #define DEFAULT_USER "root"
132 char *getusershell ();
133 void endusershell ();
134 void setusershell ();
141 static char *concat ();
142 static int correct_password ();
143 static int elements ();
144 static int restricted_shell ();
145 static void change_identity ();
146 static void modify_environment ();
147 static void run_shell ();
148 static void usage ();
149 static void xputenv ();
151 extern char **environ;
153 /* The name this program was run with. */
156 /* If nonzero, display usage information and exit. */
157 static int show_help;
159 /* If nonzero, print the version on standard output and exit. */
160 static int show_version;
162 /* If nonzero, pass the `-f' option to the subshell. */
163 static int fast_startup;
165 /* If nonzero, simulate a login instead of just starting a shell. */
166 static int simulate_login;
168 /* If nonzero, change some environment vars to indicate the user su'd to. */
169 static int change_environment;
171 static struct option const longopts[] =
173 {"command", required_argument, 0, 'c'},
174 {"fast", no_argument, &fast_startup, 1},
175 {"help", no_argument, &show_help, 1},
176 {"login", no_argument, &simulate_login, 1},
177 {"preserve-environment", no_argument, &change_environment, 0},
178 {"shell", required_argument, 0, 's'},
179 {"version", no_argument, &show_version, 1},
189 const char *new_user = DEFAULT_USER;
191 char **additional_args = 0;
194 struct passwd pw_copy;
196 program_name = argv[0];
197 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
198 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
199 textdomain (PACKAGE);
203 change_environment = 1;
205 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "c:flmps:", longopts, (int *) 0))
227 change_environment = 0;
241 printf ("su - %s\n", PACKAGE_VERSION);
248 if (optind < argc && !strcmp (argv[optind], "-"))
254 new_user = argv[optind++];
256 additional_args = argv + optind;
258 pw = getpwnam (new_user);
260 error (1, 0, _("user %s does not exist"), new_user);
263 /* Make a copy of the password information and point pw at the local
264 copy instead. Otherwise, some systems (e.g. Linux) would clobber
265 the static data through the getlogin call from log_su. */
268 pw->pw_name = xstrdup (pw->pw_name);
269 pw->pw_dir = xstrdup (pw->pw_dir);
270 pw->pw_shell = xstrdup (pw->pw_shell);
272 if (!correct_password (pw))
274 #ifdef SYSLOG_FAILURE
277 error (1, 0, _("incorrect password"));
279 #ifdef SYSLOG_SUCCESS
286 if (pw->pw_shell == 0 || pw->pw_shell[0] == 0)
287 pw->pw_shell = (char *) DEFAULT_SHELL;
288 if (shell == 0 && change_environment == 0)
289 shell = getenv ("SHELL");
290 if (shell != 0 && getuid () && restricted_shell (pw->pw_shell))
292 /* The user being su'd to has a nonstandard shell, and so is
293 probably a uucp account or has restricted access. Don't
294 compromise the account by allowing access with a standard
296 error (0, 0, _("using restricted shell %s"), pw->pw_shell);
301 shell = xstrdup (pw->pw_shell);
303 modify_environment (pw, shell);
305 change_identity (pw);
306 if (simulate_login && chdir (pw->pw_dir))
307 error (0, errno, _("warning: cannot change directory to %s"), pw->pw_dir);
309 run_shell (shell, command, additional_args);
312 /* Ask the user for a password.
313 Return 1 if the user gives the correct password for entry PW,
314 0 if not. Return 1 without asking for a password if run by UID 0
315 or if PW has an empty password. */
318 correct_password (pw)
321 char *unencrypted, *encrypted, *correct;
323 /* Shadow passwd stuff for SVR3 and maybe other systems. */
324 struct spwd *sp = getspnam (pw->pw_name);
328 correct = sp->sp_pwdp;
331 correct = pw->pw_passwd;
333 if (getuid () == 0 || correct == 0 || correct[0] == '\0')
336 unencrypted = getpass (_("Password:"));
337 if (unencrypted == NULL)
339 error (0, 0, _("getpass: cannot open /dev/tty"));
342 encrypted = crypt (unencrypted, correct);
343 memset (unencrypted, 0, strlen (unencrypted));
344 return strcmp (encrypted, correct) == 0;
347 /* Update `environ' for the new shell based on PW, with SHELL being
348 the value for the SHELL environment variable. */
351 modify_environment (pw, shell)
359 /* Leave TERM unchanged. Set HOME, SHELL, USER, LOGNAME, PATH.
360 Unset all other environment variables. */
361 term = getenv ("TERM");
362 environ = (char **) xmalloc (2 * sizeof (char *));
365 xputenv (concat ("TERM", "=", term));
366 xputenv (concat ("HOME", "=", pw->pw_dir));
367 xputenv (concat ("SHELL", "=", shell));
368 xputenv (concat ("USER", "=", pw->pw_name));
369 xputenv (concat ("LOGNAME", "=", pw->pw_name));
370 xputenv (concat ("PATH", "=", pw->pw_uid
371 ? DEFAULT_LOGIN_PATH : DEFAULT_ROOT_LOGIN_PATH));
375 /* Set HOME, SHELL, and if not becoming a super-user,
377 if (change_environment)
379 xputenv (concat ("HOME", "=", pw->pw_dir));
380 xputenv (concat ("SHELL", "=", shell));
383 xputenv (concat ("USER", "=", pw->pw_name));
384 xputenv (concat ("LOGNAME", "=", pw->pw_name));
390 /* Become the user and group(s) specified by PW. */
396 #ifdef HAVE_INITGROUPS
398 if (initgroups (pw->pw_name, pw->pw_gid) == -1)
399 error (1, errno, _("cannot set groups"));
402 if (setgid (pw->pw_gid))
403 error (1, errno, _("cannot set group id"));
404 if (setuid (pw->pw_uid))
405 error (1, errno, _("cannot set user id"));
408 /* Run SHELL, or DEFAULT_SHELL if SHELL is empty.
409 If COMMAND is nonzero, pass it to the shell with the -c option.
410 If ADDITIONAL_ARGS is nonzero, pass it to the shell as more
414 run_shell (shell, command, additional_args)
417 char **additional_args;
423 args = (const char **) xmalloc (sizeof (char *)
424 * (10 + elements (additional_args)));
426 args = (const char **) xmalloc (sizeof (char *) * 10);
430 char *shell_basename;
432 shell_basename = basename (shell);
433 arg0 = xmalloc (strlen (shell_basename) + 2);
435 strcpy (arg0 + 1, shell_basename);
439 args[0] = basename (shell);
441 args[argno++] = "-f";
444 args[argno++] = "-c";
445 args[argno++] = command;
448 for (; *additional_args; ++additional_args)
449 args[argno++] = *additional_args;
451 execv (shell, (char **) args);
452 error (1, errno, _("cannot run %s"), shell);
455 #if defined (SYSLOG_SUCCESS) || defined (SYSLOG_FAILURE)
456 /* Log the fact that someone has run su to the user given by PW;
457 if SUCCESSFUL is nonzero, they gave the correct password, etc. */
460 log_su (pw, successful)
464 const char *new_user, *old_user, *tty;
466 #ifndef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
470 new_user = pw->pw_name;
471 /* The utmp entry (via getlogin) is probably the best way to identify
472 the user, especially if someone su's from a su-shell. */
473 old_user = getlogin ();
474 if (old_user == NULL)
479 /* 4.2BSD openlog doesn't have the third parameter. */
480 openlog (basename (program_name), 0
486 #ifdef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
487 "%s(to %s) %s on %s",
491 successful ? "" : "FAILED SU ",
492 #ifdef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
500 /* Return 1 if SHELL is a restricted shell (one not returned by
501 getusershell), else 0, meaning it is a standard shell. */
504 restricted_shell (shell)
510 while ((line = getusershell ()) != NULL)
512 if (*line != '#' && strcmp (line, shell) == 0)
522 /* Return the number of elements in ARR, a null-terminated array. */
530 for (n = 0; *arr; ++arr)
535 /* Add VAL to the environment, checking for out of memory errors. */
542 error (1, 0, _("virtual memory exhausted"));
545 /* Return a newly-allocated string whose contents concatenate
546 those of S1, S2, S3. */
552 int len1 = strlen (s1), len2 = strlen (s2), len3 = strlen (s3);
553 char *result = (char *) xmalloc (len1 + len2 + len3 + 1);
556 strcpy (result + len1, s2);
557 strcpy (result + len1 + len2, s3);
558 result[len1 + len2 + len3] = 0;
568 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
572 printf (_("Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-] [USER [ARG]...]\n"), program_name);
574 Change the effective user id and group id to that of USER.\n\
576 -, -l, --login make the shell a login shell\n\
577 -c, --commmand=COMMAND pass a single COMMAND to the shell with -c\n\
578 -f, --fast pass -f to the shell (for csh or tcsh)\n\
579 -m, --preserve-environment do not reset environment variables\n\
581 -s, --shell=SHELL run SHELL if /etc/shells allows it\n\
582 --help display this help and exit\n\
583 --version output version information and exit\n\
585 A mere - implies -l. If USER not given, assume root.\n\