1 /* su for GNU. Run a shell with substitute user and group IDs.
2 Copyright (C) 92, 93, 94, 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
18 /* Run a shell with the real and effective UID and GID and groups
19 of USER, default `root'.
21 The shell run is taken from USER's password entry, /bin/sh if
22 none is specified there. If the account has a password, su
23 prompts for a password unless run by a user with real UID 0.
25 Does not change the current directory.
26 Sets `HOME' and `SHELL' from the password entry for USER, and if
27 USER is not root, sets `USER' and `LOGNAME' to USER.
28 The subshell is not a login shell.
30 If one or more ARGs are given, they are passed as additional
31 arguments to the subshell.
33 Does not handle /bin/sh or other shells specially
34 (setting argv[0] to "-su", passing -c only to certain shells, etc.).
35 I don't see the point in doing that, and it's ugly.
37 This program intentionally does not support a "wheel group" that
38 restricts who can su to UID 0 accounts. RMS considers that to
42 -, -l, --login Make the subshell a login shell.
43 Unset all environment variables except
44 TERM, HOME and SHELL (set as above), and USER
45 and LOGNAME (set unconditionally as above), and
46 set PATH to a default value.
47 Change to USER's home directory.
48 Prepend "-" to the shell's name.
49 -c, --commmand=COMMAND
50 Pass COMMAND to the subshell with a -c option
51 instead of starting an interactive shell.
52 -f, --fast Pass the -f option to the subshell.
53 -m, -p, --preserve-environment
54 Do not change HOME, USER, LOGNAME, SHELL.
55 Run $SHELL instead of USER's shell from /etc/passwd
56 unless not the superuser and USER's shell is
58 Overridden by --login and --shell.
59 -s, --shell=shell Run SHELL instead of USER's shell from /etc/passwd
60 unless not the superuser and USER's shell is
64 -DSYSLOG_SUCCESS Log successful su's (by default, to root) with syslog.
65 -DSYSLOG_FAILURE Log failed su's (by default, to root) with syslog.
67 -DSYSLOG_NON_ROOT Log all su's, not just those to root (UID 0).
68 Never logs attempted su's to nonexistent accounts.
70 Written by David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu>. */
75 #include <sys/types.h>
80 #if defined(HAVE_SYSLOG_H) && defined(HAVE_SYSLOG)
82 #else /* !HAVE_SYSLOG_H */
89 #ifdef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
90 #undef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
92 #endif /* !HAVE_SYSLOG_H */
96 #else /* not _POSIX_VERSION */
97 struct passwd *getpwuid ();
98 struct group *getgrgid ();
100 #include <sys/param.h>
101 #endif /* not _POSIX_VERSION */
103 #ifndef HAVE_ENDGRENT
104 # define endgrent() ((void) 0)
107 #ifndef HAVE_ENDPWENT
108 # define endpwent() ((void) 0)
117 /* The default PATH for simulated logins to non-superuser accounts. */
118 #define DEFAULT_LOGIN_PATH ":/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin"
120 /* The default PATH for simulated logins to superuser accounts. */
121 #define DEFAULT_ROOT_LOGIN_PATH "/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin:/etc"
123 /* The shell to run if none is given in the user's passwd entry. */
124 #define DEFAULT_SHELL "/bin/sh"
126 /* The user to become if none is specified. */
127 #define DEFAULT_USER "root"
131 char *getusershell ();
132 void endusershell ();
133 void setusershell ();
140 extern char **environ;
142 /* The name this program was run with. */
145 /* If nonzero, display usage information and exit. */
146 static int show_help;
148 /* If nonzero, print the version on standard output and exit. */
149 static int show_version;
151 /* If nonzero, pass the `-f' option to the subshell. */
152 static int fast_startup;
154 /* If nonzero, simulate a login instead of just starting a shell. */
155 static int simulate_login;
157 /* If nonzero, change some environment vars to indicate the user su'd to. */
158 static int change_environment;
160 static struct option const longopts[] =
162 {"command", required_argument, 0, 'c'},
163 {"fast", no_argument, &fast_startup, 1},
164 {"help", no_argument, &show_help, 1},
165 {"login", no_argument, &simulate_login, 1},
166 {"preserve-environment", no_argument, &change_environment, 0},
167 {"shell", required_argument, 0, 's'},
168 {"version", no_argument, &show_version, 1},
172 /* Add VAL to the environment, checking for out of memory errors. */
175 xputenv (const char *val)
178 error (1, 0, _("virtual memory exhausted"));
181 /* Return a newly-allocated string whose contents concatenate
182 those of S1, S2, S3. */
185 concat (const char *s1, const char *s2, const char *s3)
187 int len1 = strlen (s1), len2 = strlen (s2), len3 = strlen (s3);
188 char *result = (char *) xmalloc (len1 + len2 + len3 + 1);
191 strcpy (result + len1, s2);
192 strcpy (result + len1 + len2, s3);
193 result[len1 + len2 + len3] = 0;
198 /* Return the number of elements in ARR, a null-terminated array. */
201 elements (char **arr)
205 for (n = 0; *arr; ++arr)
210 #if defined (SYSLOG_SUCCESS) || defined (SYSLOG_FAILURE)
211 /* Log the fact that someone has run su to the user given by PW;
212 if SUCCESSFUL is nonzero, they gave the correct password, etc. */
215 log_su (const struct passwd *pw, int successful)
217 const char *new_user, *old_user, *tty;
219 #ifndef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
223 new_user = pw->pw_name;
224 /* The utmp entry (via getlogin) is probably the best way to identify
225 the user, especially if someone su's from a su-shell. */
226 old_user = getlogin ();
227 if (old_user == NULL)
232 /* 4.2BSD openlog doesn't have the third parameter. */
233 openlog (basename (program_name), 0
239 #ifdef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
240 "%s(to %s) %s on %s",
244 successful ? "" : "FAILED SU ",
245 #ifdef SYSLOG_NON_ROOT
253 /* Ask the user for a password.
254 Return 1 if the user gives the correct password for entry PW,
255 0 if not. Return 1 without asking for a password if run by UID 0
256 or if PW has an empty password. */
259 correct_password (const struct passwd *pw)
261 char *unencrypted, *encrypted, *correct;
263 /* Shadow passwd stuff for SVR3 and maybe other systems. */
264 struct spwd *sp = getspnam (pw->pw_name);
268 correct = sp->sp_pwdp;
271 correct = pw->pw_passwd;
273 if (getuid () == 0 || correct == 0 || correct[0] == '\0')
276 unencrypted = getpass (_("Password:"));
277 if (unencrypted == NULL)
279 error (0, 0, _("getpass: cannot open /dev/tty"));
282 encrypted = crypt (unencrypted, correct);
283 memset (unencrypted, 0, strlen (unencrypted));
284 return strcmp (encrypted, correct) == 0;
287 /* Update `environ' for the new shell based on PW, with SHELL being
288 the value for the SHELL environment variable. */
291 modify_environment (const struct passwd *pw, const char *shell)
297 /* Leave TERM unchanged. Set HOME, SHELL, USER, LOGNAME, PATH.
298 Unset all other environment variables. */
299 term = getenv ("TERM");
300 environ = (char **) xmalloc (2 * sizeof (char *));
303 xputenv (concat ("TERM", "=", term));
304 xputenv (concat ("HOME", "=", pw->pw_dir));
305 xputenv (concat ("SHELL", "=", shell));
306 xputenv (concat ("USER", "=", pw->pw_name));
307 xputenv (concat ("LOGNAME", "=", pw->pw_name));
308 xputenv (concat ("PATH", "=", pw->pw_uid
309 ? DEFAULT_LOGIN_PATH : DEFAULT_ROOT_LOGIN_PATH));
313 /* Set HOME, SHELL, and if not becoming a super-user,
315 if (change_environment)
317 xputenv (concat ("HOME", "=", pw->pw_dir));
318 xputenv (concat ("SHELL", "=", shell));
321 xputenv (concat ("USER", "=", pw->pw_name));
322 xputenv (concat ("LOGNAME", "=", pw->pw_name));
328 /* Become the user and group(s) specified by PW. */
331 change_identity (const struct passwd *pw)
333 #ifdef HAVE_INITGROUPS
335 if (initgroups (pw->pw_name, pw->pw_gid) == -1)
336 error (1, errno, _("cannot set groups"));
339 if (setgid (pw->pw_gid))
340 error (1, errno, _("cannot set group id"));
341 if (setuid (pw->pw_uid))
342 error (1, errno, _("cannot set user id"));
345 /* Run SHELL, or DEFAULT_SHELL if SHELL is empty.
346 If COMMAND is nonzero, pass it to the shell with the -c option.
347 If ADDITIONAL_ARGS is nonzero, pass it to the shell as more
351 run_shell (const char *shell, const char *command, char **additional_args)
357 args = (const char **) xmalloc (sizeof (char *)
358 * (10 + elements (additional_args)));
360 args = (const char **) xmalloc (sizeof (char *) * 10);
364 char *shell_basename;
366 shell_basename = basename (shell);
367 arg0 = xmalloc (strlen (shell_basename) + 2);
369 strcpy (arg0 + 1, shell_basename);
373 args[0] = basename (shell);
375 args[argno++] = "-f";
378 args[argno++] = "-c";
379 args[argno++] = command;
382 for (; *additional_args; ++additional_args)
383 args[argno++] = *additional_args;
385 execv (shell, (char **) args);
386 error (1, errno, _("cannot run %s"), shell);
389 /* Return 1 if SHELL is a restricted shell (one not returned by
390 getusershell), else 0, meaning it is a standard shell. */
393 restricted_shell (const char *shell)
398 while ((line = getusershell ()) != NULL)
400 if (*line != '#' && strcmp (line, shell) == 0)
414 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
418 printf (_("Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-] [USER [ARG]...]\n"), program_name);
420 Change the effective user id and group id to that of USER.\n\
422 -, -l, --login make the shell a login shell\n\
423 -c, --commmand=COMMAND pass a single COMMAND to the shell with -c\n\
424 -f, --fast pass -f to the shell (for csh or tcsh)\n\
425 -m, --preserve-environment do not reset environment variables\n\
427 -s, --shell=SHELL run SHELL if /etc/shells allows it\n\
428 --help display this help and exit\n\
429 --version output version information and exit\n\
431 A mere - implies -l. If USER not given, assume root.\n\
438 main (int argc, char **argv)
441 const char *new_user = DEFAULT_USER;
443 char **additional_args = 0;
446 struct passwd pw_copy;
448 program_name = argv[0];
449 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
450 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
451 textdomain (PACKAGE);
455 change_environment = 1;
457 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "c:flmps:", longopts, (int *) 0))
479 change_environment = 0;
493 printf ("su - %s\n", PACKAGE_VERSION);
500 if (optind < argc && !strcmp (argv[optind], "-"))
506 new_user = argv[optind++];
508 additional_args = argv + optind;
510 pw = getpwnam (new_user);
512 error (1, 0, _("user %s does not exist"), new_user);
515 /* Make a copy of the password information and point pw at the local
516 copy instead. Otherwise, some systems (e.g. Linux) would clobber
517 the static data through the getlogin call from log_su. */
520 pw->pw_name = xstrdup (pw->pw_name);
521 pw->pw_dir = xstrdup (pw->pw_dir);
522 pw->pw_shell = xstrdup (pw->pw_shell);
524 if (!correct_password (pw))
526 #ifdef SYSLOG_FAILURE
529 error (1, 0, _("incorrect password"));
531 #ifdef SYSLOG_SUCCESS
538 if (pw->pw_shell == 0 || pw->pw_shell[0] == 0)
539 pw->pw_shell = (char *) DEFAULT_SHELL;
540 if (shell == 0 && change_environment == 0)
541 shell = getenv ("SHELL");
542 if (shell != 0 && getuid () && restricted_shell (pw->pw_shell))
544 /* The user being su'd to has a nonstandard shell, and so is
545 probably a uucp account or has restricted access. Don't
546 compromise the account by allowing access with a standard
548 error (0, 0, _("using restricted shell %s"), pw->pw_shell);
553 shell = xstrdup (pw->pw_shell);
555 modify_environment (pw, shell);
557 change_identity (pw);
558 if (simulate_login && chdir (pw->pw_dir))
559 error (0, errno, _("warning: cannot change directory to %s"), pw->pw_dir);
561 run_shell (shell, command, additional_args);