1 /* pwd - print current directory
2 Copyright (C) 1994-1997, 1999-2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */
21 #include <sys/types.h>
26 #include "long-options.h"
28 #include "root-dev-ino.h"
31 /* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */
32 #define PROGRAM_NAME "pwd"
34 #define AUTHORS "Jim Meyering"
45 NOT_AN_INODE_NUMBER = 0
48 #ifdef D_INO_IN_DIRENT
49 # define D_INO(dp) ((dp)->d_ino)
51 /* Some systems don't have inodes, so fake them to avoid lots of ifdefs. */
52 # define D_INO(dp) NOT_AN_INODE_NUMBER
55 /* The name this program was run with. */
61 if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
62 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
66 printf (_("Usage: %s [OPTION]\n"), program_name);
68 Print the full filename of the current working directory.\n\
71 fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
72 fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
73 printf (USAGE_BUILTIN_WARNING, PROGRAM_NAME);
74 printf (_("\nReport bugs to <%s>.\n"), PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);
80 file_name_free (struct file_name *p)
86 static struct file_name *
89 struct file_name *p = xmalloc (sizeof *p);
91 /* Start with a buffer larger than PATH_MAX, but beware of systems
92 on which PATH_MAX is very large -- e.g., INT_MAX. */
93 p->n_alloc = MIN (2 * PATH_MAX, 32 * 1024);
95 p->buf = xmalloc (p->n_alloc);
96 p->start = p->buf + (p->n_alloc - 1);
101 /* Prepend the name S of length S_LEN, to the growing file_name, P. */
103 file_name_prepend (struct file_name *p, char const *s, size_t s_len)
105 size_t n_free = p->start - p->buf;
106 if (n_free < 1 + s_len)
108 size_t half = p->n_alloc + 1 + s_len;
109 /* Use xnmalloc+free rather than xnrealloc, since with the latter
110 we'd end up copying the data twice: once via realloc, then again
111 to align it with the end of the new buffer. With xnmalloc, we
112 copy it only once. */
113 char *q = xnmalloc (2, half);
114 size_t n_used = p->n_alloc - n_free;
115 p->start = q + 2 * half - n_used;
116 memcpy (p->start, p->buf + n_free, n_used);
119 p->n_alloc = 2 * half;
122 p->start -= 1 + s_len;
124 memcpy (p->start + 1, s, s_len);
127 /* Return a string (malloc'd) consisting of N `/'-separated ".." components. */
129 nth_parent (size_t n)
131 char *buf = xnmalloc (3, n);
135 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
137 memcpy (p, "../", 3);
144 /* Determine the basename of the current directory, where DOT_SB is the
145 result of lstat'ing "." and prepend that to the file name in *FILE_NAME.
146 Find the directory entry in `..' that matches the dev/i-node of DOT_SB.
147 Upon success, update *DOT_SB with stat information of `..', chdir to `..',
148 and prepend "/basename" to FILE_NAME.
149 Otherwise, exit with a diagnostic.
150 PARENT_HEIGHT is the number of levels `..' is above the starting directory.
151 The first time this function is called (from the initial directory),
152 PARENT_HEIGHT is 1. This is solely for diagnostics.
153 Exit nonzero upon error. */
156 find_dir_entry (struct stat *dot_sb, struct file_name *file_name,
157 size_t parent_height)
161 struct stat parent_sb;
165 dirp = opendir ("..");
167 error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("cannot open directory %s"),
168 quote (nth_parent (parent_height)));
171 if ((0 <= fd ? fchdir (fd) : chdir ("..")) < 0)
172 error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("failed to chdir to %s"),
173 quote (nth_parent (parent_height)));
175 if ((0 <= fd ? fstat (fd, &parent_sb) : stat (".", &parent_sb)) < 0)
176 error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("failed to stat %s"),
177 quote (nth_parent (parent_height)));
179 /* If parent and child directory are on different devices, then we
180 can't rely on d_ino for useful i-node numbers; use lstat instead. */
181 use_lstat = (parent_sb.st_dev != dot_sb->st_dev);
186 struct dirent const *dp;
191 if ((dp = readdir_ignoring_dot_and_dotdot (dirp)) == NULL)
195 /* Save/restore errno across closedir call. */
200 /* Arrange to give a diagnostic after exiting this loop. */
208 if (ino == NOT_AN_INODE_NUMBER || use_lstat)
210 if (lstat (dp->d_name, &ent_sb) < 0)
212 /* Skip any entry we can't stat. */
218 if (ino != dot_sb->st_ino)
221 /* If we're not crossing a device boundary, then a simple i-node
223 if ( ! use_lstat || ent_sb.st_dev == dot_sb->st_dev)
225 file_name_prepend (file_name, dp->d_name, NLENGTH (dp));
231 if (dirp == NULL || CLOSEDIR (dirp) != 0)
233 /* Note that this diagnostic serves for both readdir
234 and closedir failures. */
235 error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("reading directory %s"),
236 quote (nth_parent (parent_height)));
240 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0,
241 _("couldn't find directory entry in %s with matching i-node"),
242 quote (nth_parent (parent_height)));
247 /* Construct the full, absolute name of the current working
248 directory and store it in *FILE_NAME.
249 The getcwd function performs nearly the same task, but is typically
250 unable to handle names longer than PATH_MAX. This function has
251 no such limitation. However, this function *can* fail due to
252 permission problems or a lack of memory, while Linux's getcwd
253 function works regardless of restricted permissions on parent
254 directories. Upon failure, give a diagnostic and exit nonzero.
256 Note: although this function is similar to getcwd, it has a fundamental
257 difference in that it gives a diagnostic and exits upon failure.
258 I would have liked a function that did not exit, and that could be
259 used as a getcwd replacement. Unfortunately, considering all of
260 the information the caller would require in order to produce good
261 diagnostics, it doesn't seem worth the added complexity.
262 In any case, any getcwd replacement must *not* exceed the PATH_MAX
263 limitation. Otherwise, functions like `chdir' would fail with
266 FIXME-maybe: if find_dir_entry fails due to permissions, try getcwd,
267 in case the unreadable directory is close enough to the root that
268 getcwd works from there. */
271 robust_getcwd (struct file_name *file_name)
274 struct dev_ino dev_ino_buf;
275 struct dev_ino *root_dev_ino = get_root_dev_ino (&dev_ino_buf);
278 if (root_dev_ino == NULL)
279 error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("failed to get attributes of %s"),
282 if (stat (".", &dot_sb) < 0)
283 error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("failed to stat %s"), quote ("."));
287 /* If we've reached the root, we're done. */
288 if (SAME_INODE (dot_sb, *root_dev_ino))
291 find_dir_entry (&dot_sb, file_name, height++);
294 if (file_name->start[0] == '\0')
295 file_name_prepend (file_name, "/", 1);
299 main (int argc, char **argv)
303 initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
304 program_name = argv[0];
305 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
306 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
307 textdomain (PACKAGE);
309 atexit (close_stdout);
311 parse_long_options (argc, argv, PROGRAM_NAME, GNU_PACKAGE, VERSION,
312 usage, AUTHORS, (char const *) NULL);
313 if (getopt_long (argc, argv, "", NULL, NULL) != -1)
314 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
317 error (0, 0, _("ignoring non-option arguments"));
327 struct file_name *file_name = file_name_init ();
328 robust_getcwd (file_name);
329 puts (file_name->start);
330 file_name_free (file_name);