1 /* `dir', `vdir' and `ls' directory listing programs for GNU.
2 Copyright (C) 85, 88, 90, 91, 1995-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
18 /* If ls_mode is LS_MULTI_COL,
19 the multi-column format is the default regardless
20 of the type of output device.
21 This is for the `dir' program.
23 If ls_mode is LS_LONG_FORMAT,
24 the long format is the default regardless of the
25 type of output device.
26 This is for the `vdir' program.
29 the output format depends on whether the output
31 This is for the `ls' program. */
33 /* Written by Richard Stallman and David MacKenzie. */
35 /* Color support by Peter Anvin <Peter.Anvin@linux.org> and Dennis
36 Flaherty <dennisf@denix.elk.miles.com> based on original patches by
37 Greg Lee <lee@uhunix.uhcc.hawaii.edu>. */
40 #include <sys/types.h>
46 #ifdef GWINSZ_IN_SYS_IOCTL
47 # include <sys/ioctl.h>
50 #ifdef WINSIZE_IN_PTEM
51 # include <sys/stream.h>
52 # include <sys/ptem.h>
64 # define sigprocmask(How, Set, Oset) /* empty */
68 /* Get mbstate_t, mbrtowc(), mbsinit(), wcwidth(). */
77 #if !defined iswprint && !HAVE_ISWPRINT
78 # define iswprint(wc) 1
81 #ifndef HAVE_DECL_WCWIDTH
82 "this configure-time declaration test was not run"
84 #if !HAVE_DECL_WCWIDTH
88 /* If wcwidth() doesn't exist, assume all printable characters have
92 # define wcwidth(wc) ((wc) == 0 ? 0 : iswprint (wc) ? 1 : -1)
100 #include "argmatch.h"
105 #include "hard-locale.h"
108 #include "filemode.h"
109 #include "inttostr.h"
111 #include "mbswidth.h"
113 #include "path-concat.h"
115 #include "quotearg.h"
117 #include "strftime.h"
118 #include "strverscmp.h"
120 #include "xreadlink.h"
122 #define PROGRAM_NAME (ls_mode == LS_LS ? "ls" \
123 : (ls_mode == LS_MULTI_COL \
126 #define AUTHORS "Richard Stallman", "David MacKenzie"
128 #define obstack_chunk_alloc malloc
129 #define obstack_chunk_free free
131 /* Return an int indicating the result of comparing two integers.
132 Subtracting doesn't always work, due to overflow. */
133 #define longdiff(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? -1 : (a) > (b))
135 /* Arrange to make lstat calls go through the wrapper function
136 on systems with an lstat function that does not dereference symlinks
137 that are specified with a trailing slash. */
138 #if ! LSTAT_FOLLOWS_SLASHED_SYMLINK
139 int rpl_lstat (const char *, struct stat *);
141 # define lstat(Name, Stat_buf) rpl_lstat(Name, Stat_buf)
144 #if HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_TYPE && defined DTTOIF
145 # define DT_INIT(Val) = Val
147 # define DT_INIT(Val) /* empty */
150 #if ! HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_AUTHOR
151 # define st_author st_uid
154 /* Cray/Unicos DMF: use the file's migrated, not real, status */
156 # define ST_DM_MODE(Stat_buf) ((Stat_buf).st_dm_mode)
158 # define ST_DM_MODE(Stat_buf) ((Stat_buf).st_mode)
163 unknown DT_INIT (DT_UNKNOWN),
164 fifo DT_INIT (DT_FIFO),
165 chardev DT_INIT (DT_CHR),
166 directory DT_INIT (DT_DIR),
167 blockdev DT_INIT (DT_BLK),
168 normal DT_INIT (DT_REG),
169 symbolic_link DT_INIT (DT_LNK),
170 sock DT_INIT (DT_SOCK),
171 arg_directory DT_INIT (2 * (DT_UNKNOWN | DT_FIFO | DT_CHR | DT_DIR | DT_BLK
172 | DT_REG | DT_LNK | DT_SOCK))
182 /* For symbolic link, name of the file linked to, otherwise zero. */
185 /* For symbolic link and long listing, st_mode of file linked to, otherwise
189 /* For symbolic link and color printing, true if linked-to file
190 exists, otherwise false. */
193 enum filetype filetype;
196 /* For long listings, true if the file has an access control list. */
202 # define FILE_HAS_ACL(F) ((F)->have_acl)
204 # define FILE_HAS_ACL(F) 0
207 #define LEN_STR_PAIR(s) sizeof (s) - 1, s
209 /* Null is a valid character in a color indicator (think about Epson
210 printers, for example) so we have to use a length/buffer string
215 size_t len; /* Number of bytes */
216 const char *string; /* Pointer to the same */
223 # define tcgetpgrp(Fd) 0
226 static size_t quote_name (FILE *out, const char *name,
227 struct quoting_options const *options,
229 static char *make_link_path (const char *path, const char *linkname);
230 static int decode_switches (int argc, char **argv);
231 static bool file_ignored (char const *name);
232 static uintmax_t gobble_file (char const *name, enum filetype type,
233 bool command_line_arg, char const *dirname);
234 static void print_color_indicator (const char *name, mode_t mode, int linkok);
235 static void put_indicator (const struct bin_str *ind);
236 static void add_ignore_pattern (const char *pattern);
237 static void attach (char *dest, const char *dirname, const char *name);
238 static void clear_files (void);
239 static void extract_dirs_from_files (char const *dirname,
240 bool command_line_arg);
241 static void get_link_name (char const *filename, struct fileinfo *f,
242 bool command_line_arg);
243 static void indent (size_t from, size_t to);
244 static size_t calculate_columns (bool by_columns);
245 static void print_current_files (void);
246 static void print_dir (char const *name, char const *realname,
247 bool command_line_arg);
248 static void print_file_name_and_frills (const struct fileinfo *f);
249 static void print_horizontal (void);
250 static int format_user_width (uid_t u);
251 static int format_group_width (gid_t g);
252 static void print_long_format (const struct fileinfo *f);
253 static void print_many_per_line (void);
254 static void print_name_with_quoting (const char *p, mode_t mode,
256 struct obstack *stack);
257 static void prep_non_filename_text (void);
258 static void print_type_indicator (mode_t mode);
259 static void print_with_commas (void);
260 static void queue_directory (char const *name, char const *realname,
261 bool command_line_arg);
262 static void sort_files (void);
263 static void parse_ls_color (void);
264 void usage (int status);
266 /* The name the program was run with, stripped of any leading path. */
269 /* Initial size of hash table.
270 Most hierarchies are likely to be shallower than this. */
271 #define INITIAL_TABLE_SIZE 30
273 /* The set of `active' directories, from the current command-line argument
274 to the level in the hierarchy at which files are being listed.
275 A directory is represented by its device and inode numbers (struct dev_ino).
276 A directory is added to this set when ls begins listing it or its
277 entries, and it is removed from the set just after ls has finished
278 processing it. This set is used solely to detect loops, e.g., with
279 mkdir loop; cd loop; ln -s ../loop sub; ls -RL */
280 static Hash_table *active_dir_set;
282 #define LOOP_DETECT (!!active_dir_set)
284 /* The table of files in the current directory:
286 `files' points to a vector of `struct fileinfo', one per file.
287 `nfiles' is the number of elements space has been allocated for.
288 `files_index' is the number actually in use. */
290 /* Address of block containing the files that are described. */
291 static struct fileinfo *files; /* FIXME: rename this to e.g. cwd_file */
293 /* Length of block that `files' points to, measured in files. */
294 static size_t nfiles; /* FIXME: rename this to e.g. cwd_n_alloc */
296 /* Index of first unused in `files'. */
297 static size_t files_index; /* FIXME: rename this to e.g. cwd_n_used */
299 /* When true, in a color listing, color each symlink name according to the
300 type of file it points to. Otherwise, color them according to the `ln'
301 directive in LS_COLORS. Dangling (orphan) symlinks are treated specially,
302 regardless. This is set when `ln=target' appears in LS_COLORS. */
304 static bool color_symlink_as_referent;
306 /* mode of appropriate file for colorization */
307 #define FILE_OR_LINK_MODE(File) \
308 ((color_symlink_as_referent & (File)->linkok) \
309 ? (File)->linkmode : (File)->stat.st_mode)
312 /* Record of one pending directory waiting to be listed. */
317 /* If the directory is actually the file pointed to by a symbolic link we
318 were told to list, `realname' will contain the name of the symbolic
319 link, otherwise zero. */
321 bool command_line_arg;
322 struct pending *next;
325 static struct pending *pending_dirs;
327 /* Current time in seconds and nanoseconds since 1970, updated as
328 needed when deciding whether a file is recent. */
330 static time_t current_time = TYPE_MINIMUM (time_t);
331 static int current_time_ns = -1;
333 /* The number of columns to use for columns containing inode numbers,
334 block sizes, link counts, owners, groups, authors, major device
335 numbers, minor device numbers, and file sizes, respectively. */
337 static int inode_number_width;
338 static int block_size_width;
339 static int nlink_width;
340 static int owner_width;
341 static int group_width;
342 static int author_width;
343 static int major_device_number_width;
344 static int minor_device_number_width;
345 static int file_size_width;
349 /* long_format for lots of info, one per line.
350 one_per_line for just names, one per line.
351 many_per_line for just names, many per line, sorted vertically.
352 horizontal for just names, many per line, sorted horizontally.
353 with_commas for just names, many per line, separated by commas.
355 -l (and other options that imply -l), -1, -C, -x and -m control
360 long_format, /* -l and other options that imply -l */
361 one_per_line, /* -1 */
362 many_per_line, /* -C */
367 static enum format format;
369 /* `full-iso' uses full ISO-style dates and times. `long-iso' uses longer
370 ISO-style time stamps, though shorter than `full-iso'. `iso' uses shorter
371 ISO-style time stamps. `locale' uses locale-dependent time stamps. */
374 full_iso_time_style, /* --time-style=full-iso */
375 long_iso_time_style, /* --time-style=long-iso */
376 iso_time_style, /* --time-style=iso */
377 locale_time_style /* --time-style=locale */
380 static char const *const time_style_args[] =
382 "full-iso", "long-iso", "iso", "locale", 0
385 static enum time_style const time_style_types[] =
387 full_iso_time_style, long_iso_time_style, iso_time_style,
391 /* Type of time to print or sort by. Controlled by -c and -u. */
395 time_mtime, /* default */
400 static enum time_type time_type;
402 /* The file characteristic to sort by. Controlled by -t, -S, -U, -X, -v. */
407 sort_name, /* default */
408 sort_extension, /* -X */
411 sort_version /* -v */
414 static enum sort_type sort_type;
416 /* Direction of sort.
417 false means highest first if numeric,
418 lowest first if alphabetic;
419 these are the defaults.
420 true means the opposite order in each case. -r */
422 static bool sort_reverse;
424 /* True means to display owner information. -g turns this off. */
426 static bool print_owner = true;
428 /* True means to display author information. */
430 static bool print_author;
432 /* True means to display group information. -G and -o turn this off. */
434 static bool print_group = true;
436 /* True means print the user and group id's as numbers rather
439 static bool numeric_ids;
441 /* True means mention the size in blocks of each file. -s */
443 static bool print_block_size;
445 /* Human-readable options for output. */
446 static int human_output_opts;
448 /* The units to use when printing sizes other than file sizes. */
449 static uintmax_t output_block_size;
451 /* Likewise, but for file sizes. */
452 static uintmax_t file_output_block_size = 1;
454 /* Follow the output with a special string. Using this format,
455 Emacs' dired mode starts up twice as fast, and can handle all
456 strange characters in file names. */
459 /* `none' means don't mention the type of files.
460 `classify' means mention file types and mark executables.
461 `file_type' means mention only file types.
463 Controlled by -F, -p, and --indicator-style. */
467 none, /* --indicator-style=none */
468 classify, /* -F, --indicator-style=classify */
469 file_type /* -p, --indicator-style=file-type */
472 static enum indicator_style indicator_style;
474 /* Names of indicator styles. */
475 static char const *const indicator_style_args[] =
477 "none", "classify", "file-type", 0
480 static enum indicator_style const indicator_style_types[]=
482 none, classify, file_type
485 /* True means use colors to mark types. Also define the different
486 colors as well as the stuff for the LS_COLORS environment variable.
487 The LS_COLORS variable is now in a termcap-like format. */
489 static bool print_with_color;
493 color_never, /* 0: default or --color=never */
494 color_always, /* 1: --color=always */
495 color_if_tty /* 2: --color=tty */
498 enum Dereference_symlink
502 DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENTS, /* -H */
503 DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR, /* the default, in certain cases */
504 DEREF_ALWAYS /* -L */
509 C_LEFT, C_RIGHT, C_END, C_NORM, C_FILE, C_DIR, C_LINK, C_FIFO, C_SOCK,
510 C_BLK, C_CHR, C_MISSING, C_ORPHAN, C_EXEC, C_DOOR
513 static const char *const indicator_name[]=
515 "lc", "rc", "ec", "no", "fi", "di", "ln", "pi", "so",
516 "bd", "cd", "mi", "or", "ex", "do", NULL
519 struct color_ext_type
521 struct bin_str ext; /* The extension we're looking for */
522 struct bin_str seq; /* The sequence to output when we do */
523 struct color_ext_type *next; /* Next in list */
526 static struct bin_str color_indicator[] =
528 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("\033[") }, /* lc: Left of color sequence */
529 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("m") }, /* rc: Right of color sequence */
530 { 0, NULL }, /* ec: End color (replaces lc+no+rc) */
531 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("0") }, /* no: Normal */
532 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("0") }, /* fi: File: default */
533 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;34") }, /* di: Directory: bright blue */
534 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;36") }, /* ln: Symlink: bright cyan */
535 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("33") }, /* pi: Pipe: yellow/brown */
536 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;35") }, /* so: Socket: bright magenta */
537 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;33") }, /* bd: Block device: bright yellow */
538 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;33") }, /* cd: Char device: bright yellow */
539 { 0, NULL }, /* mi: Missing file: undefined */
540 { 0, NULL }, /* or: Orphaned symlink: undefined */
541 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;32") }, /* ex: Executable: bright green */
542 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;35") } /* do: Door: bright magenta */
546 static struct color_ext_type *color_ext_list = NULL;
548 /* Buffer for color sequences */
549 static char *color_buf;
551 /* True means to check for orphaned symbolic link, for displaying
554 static bool check_symlink_color;
556 /* True means mention the inode number of each file. -i */
558 static bool print_inode;
560 /* What to do with symbolic links. Affected by -d, -F, -H, -l (and
561 other options that imply -l), and -L. */
563 static enum Dereference_symlink dereference;
565 /* True means when a directory is found, display info on its
568 static bool recursive;
570 /* True means when an argument is a directory name, display info
573 static bool immediate_dirs;
575 /* Which files to ignore. */
579 /* Ignore files whose names start with `.', and files specified by
580 --hide and --ignore. */
583 /* Ignore `.', `..', and files specified by --ignore. */
584 IGNORE_DOT_AND_DOTDOT,
586 /* Ignore only files specified by --ignore. */
590 /* A linked list of shell-style globbing patterns. If a non-argument
591 file name matches any of these patterns, it is ignored.
592 Controlled by -I. Multiple -I options accumulate.
593 The -B option adds `*~' and `.*~' to this list. */
595 struct ignore_pattern
598 struct ignore_pattern *next;
601 static struct ignore_pattern *ignore_patterns;
603 /* Similar to IGNORE_PATTERNS, except that -a or -A causes this
604 variable itself to be ignored. */
605 static struct ignore_pattern *hide_patterns;
607 /* True means output nongraphic chars in file names as `?'.
608 (-q, --hide-control-chars)
609 qmark_funny_chars and the quoting style (-Q, --quoting-style=WORD) are
610 independent. The algorithm is: first, obey the quoting style to get a
611 string representing the file name; then, if qmark_funny_chars is set,
612 replace all nonprintable chars in that string with `?'. It's necessary
613 to replace nonprintable chars even in quoted strings, because we don't
614 want to mess up the terminal if control chars get sent to it, and some
615 quoting methods pass through control chars as-is. */
616 static bool qmark_funny_chars;
618 /* Quoting options for file and dir name output. */
620 static struct quoting_options *filename_quoting_options;
621 static struct quoting_options *dirname_quoting_options;
623 /* The number of chars per hardware tab stop. Setting this to zero
624 inhibits the use of TAB characters for separating columns. -T */
625 static size_t tabsize;
627 /* True means print each directory name before listing it. */
629 static bool print_dir_name;
631 /* The line length to use for breaking lines in many-per-line format.
632 Can be set with -w. */
634 static size_t line_length;
636 /* If true, the file listing format requires that stat be called on
639 static bool format_needs_stat;
641 /* Similar to `format_needs_stat', but set if only the file type is
644 static bool format_needs_type;
646 /* strftime formats for non-recent and recent files, respectively, in
649 static char const *long_time_format[2] =
651 /* strftime format for non-recent files (older than 6 months), in
652 -l output when --time-style=locale is specified. This should
653 contain the year, month and day (at least), in an order that is
654 understood by people in your locale's territory.
655 Please try to keep the number of used screen columns small,
656 because many people work in windows with only 80 columns. But
657 make this as wide as the other string below, for recent files. */
659 /* strftime format for recent files (younger than 6 months), in
660 -l output when --time-style=locale is specified. This should
661 contain the month, day and time (at least), in an order that is
662 understood by people in your locale's territory.
663 Please try to keep the number of used screen columns small,
664 because many people work in windows with only 80 columns. But
665 make this as wide as the other string above, for non-recent files. */
669 /* The set of signals that are caught. */
671 static sigset_t caught_signals;
673 /* If nonzero, the value of the pending fatal signal. */
675 static sig_atomic_t volatile interrupt_signal;
677 /* A count of the number of pending stop signals that have been received. */
679 static sig_atomic_t volatile stop_signal_count;
681 /* Desired exit status. */
683 static int exit_status;
688 /* "ls" had a minor problem (e.g., it could not stat a directory
690 LS_MINOR_PROBLEM = 1,
692 /* "ls" had more serious trouble. */
696 /* For long options that have no equivalent short option, use a
697 non-character as a pseudo short option, starting with CHAR_MAX + 1. */
700 AUTHOR_OPTION = CHAR_MAX + 1,
703 DEREFERENCE_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR_OPTION,
707 INDICATOR_STYLE_OPTION,
708 QUOTING_STYLE_OPTION,
709 SHOW_CONTROL_CHARS_OPTION,
716 static struct option const long_options[] =
718 {"all", no_argument, 0, 'a'},
719 {"escape", no_argument, 0, 'b'},
720 {"directory", no_argument, 0, 'd'},
721 {"dired", no_argument, 0, 'D'},
722 {"full-time", no_argument, 0, FULL_TIME_OPTION},
723 {"human-readable", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
724 {"inode", no_argument, 0, 'i'},
725 {"kilobytes", no_argument, 0, 'k'}, /* long form is obsolescent */
726 {"numeric-uid-gid", no_argument, 0, 'n'},
727 {"no-group", no_argument, 0, 'G'},
728 {"hide-control-chars", no_argument, 0, 'q'},
729 {"reverse", no_argument, 0, 'r'},
730 {"size", no_argument, 0, 's'},
731 {"width", required_argument, 0, 'w'},
732 {"almost-all", no_argument, 0, 'A'},
733 {"ignore-backups", no_argument, 0, 'B'},
734 {"classify", no_argument, 0, 'F'},
735 {"file-type", no_argument, 0, 'p'},
736 {"si", no_argument, 0, SI_OPTION},
737 {"dereference-command-line", no_argument, 0, 'H'},
738 {"dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir", no_argument, 0,
739 DEREFERENCE_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR_OPTION},
740 {"hide", required_argument, 0, HIDE_OPTION},
741 {"ignore", required_argument, 0, 'I'},
742 {"indicator-style", required_argument, 0, INDICATOR_STYLE_OPTION},
743 {"dereference", no_argument, 0, 'L'},
744 {"literal", no_argument, 0, 'N'},
745 {"quote-name", no_argument, 0, 'Q'},
746 {"quoting-style", required_argument, 0, QUOTING_STYLE_OPTION},
747 {"recursive", no_argument, 0, 'R'},
748 {"format", required_argument, 0, FORMAT_OPTION},
749 {"show-control-chars", no_argument, 0, SHOW_CONTROL_CHARS_OPTION},
750 {"sort", required_argument, 0, SORT_OPTION},
751 {"tabsize", required_argument, 0, 'T'},
752 {"time", required_argument, 0, TIME_OPTION},
753 {"time-style", required_argument, 0, TIME_STYLE_OPTION},
754 {"color", optional_argument, 0, COLOR_OPTION},
755 {"block-size", required_argument, 0, BLOCK_SIZE_OPTION},
756 {"author", no_argument, 0, AUTHOR_OPTION},
757 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
758 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
762 static char const *const format_args[] =
764 "verbose", "long", "commas", "horizontal", "across",
765 "vertical", "single-column", 0
768 static enum format const format_types[] =
770 long_format, long_format, with_commas, horizontal, horizontal,
771 many_per_line, one_per_line
774 static char const *const sort_args[] =
776 "none", "time", "size", "extension", "version", 0
779 static enum sort_type const sort_types[] =
781 sort_none, sort_time, sort_size, sort_extension, sort_version
784 static char const *const time_args[] =
786 "atime", "access", "use", "ctime", "status", 0
789 static enum time_type const time_types[] =
791 time_atime, time_atime, time_atime, time_ctime, time_ctime
794 static char const *const color_args[] =
796 /* force and none are for compatibility with another color-ls version */
797 "always", "yes", "force",
798 "never", "no", "none",
799 "auto", "tty", "if-tty", 0
802 static enum color_type const color_types[] =
804 color_always, color_always, color_always,
805 color_never, color_never, color_never,
806 color_if_tty, color_if_tty, color_if_tty
809 /* Information about filling a column. */
817 /* Array with information about column filledness. */
818 static struct column_info *column_info;
820 /* Maximum number of columns ever possible for this display. */
821 static size_t max_idx;
823 /* The minimum width of a column is 3: 1 character for the name and 2
824 for the separating white space. */
825 #define MIN_COLUMN_WIDTH 3
828 /* This zero-based index is used solely with the --dired option.
829 When that option is in effect, this counter is incremented for each
830 byte of output generated by this program so that the beginning
831 and ending indices (in that output) of every file name can be recorded
832 and later output themselves. */
833 static size_t dired_pos;
835 #define DIRED_PUTCHAR(c) do {putchar ((c)); ++dired_pos;} while (0)
837 /* Write S to STREAM and increment DIRED_POS by S_LEN. */
838 #define DIRED_FPUTS(s, stream, s_len) \
839 do {fputs ((s), (stream)); dired_pos += s_len;} while (0)
841 /* Like DIRED_FPUTS, but for use when S is a literal string. */
842 #define DIRED_FPUTS_LITERAL(s, stream) \
843 do {fputs ((s), (stream)); dired_pos += sizeof((s)) - 1;} while (0)
845 #define DIRED_INDENT() \
849 DIRED_FPUTS_LITERAL (" ", stdout); \
853 /* With --dired, store pairs of beginning and ending indices of filenames. */
854 static struct obstack dired_obstack;
856 /* With --dired, store pairs of beginning and ending indices of any
857 directory names that appear as headers (just before `total' line)
858 for lists of directory entries. Such directory names are seen when
859 listing hierarchies using -R and when a directory is listed with at
860 least one other command line argument. */
861 static struct obstack subdired_obstack;
863 /* Save the current index on the specified obstack, OBS. */
864 #define PUSH_CURRENT_DIRED_POS(obs) \
868 obstack_grow ((obs), &dired_pos, sizeof (dired_pos)); \
872 /* With -R, this stack is used to help detect directory cycles.
873 The device/inode pairs on this stack mirror the pairs in the
874 active_dir_set hash table. */
875 static struct obstack dev_ino_obstack;
877 /* Push a pair onto the device/inode stack. */
878 #define DEV_INO_PUSH(Dev, Ino) \
881 struct dev_ino *di; \
882 obstack_blank (&dev_ino_obstack, sizeof (struct dev_ino)); \
883 di = -1 + (struct dev_ino *) obstack_next_free (&dev_ino_obstack); \
884 di->st_dev = (Dev); \
885 di->st_ino = (Ino); \
889 /* Pop a dev/ino struct off the global dev_ino_obstack
890 and return that struct. */
891 static struct dev_ino
894 assert (sizeof (struct dev_ino) <= obstack_object_size (&dev_ino_obstack));
895 obstack_blank (&dev_ino_obstack, -(int) (sizeof (struct dev_ino)));
896 return *(struct dev_ino*) obstack_next_free (&dev_ino_obstack);
899 #define ASSERT_MATCHING_DEV_INO(Name, Di) \
904 assert (0 <= stat (Name, &sb)); \
905 assert (sb.st_dev == Di.st_dev); \
906 assert (sb.st_ino == Di.st_ino); \
911 /* Write to standard output PREFIX, followed by the quoting style and
912 a space-separated list of the integers stored in OS all on one line. */
915 dired_dump_obstack (const char *prefix, struct obstack *os)
919 n_pos = obstack_object_size (os) / sizeof (dired_pos);
925 pos = (size_t *) obstack_finish (os);
926 fputs (prefix, stdout);
927 for (i = 0; i < n_pos; i++)
928 printf (" %lu", (unsigned long int) pos[i]);
934 dev_ino_hash (void const *x, size_t table_size)
936 struct dev_ino const *p = x;
937 return (uintmax_t) p->st_ino % table_size;
941 dev_ino_compare (void const *x, void const *y)
943 struct dev_ino const *a = x;
944 struct dev_ino const *b = y;
945 return SAME_INODE (*a, *b) ? true : false;
949 dev_ino_free (void *x)
954 /* Add the device/inode pair (P->st_dev/P->st_ino) to the set of
955 active directories. Return true if there is already a matching
956 entry in the table. */
959 visit_dir (dev_t dev, ino_t ino)
962 struct dev_ino *ent_from_table;
965 ent = xmalloc (sizeof *ent);
969 /* Attempt to insert this entry into the table. */
970 ent_from_table = hash_insert (active_dir_set, ent);
972 if (ent_from_table == NULL)
974 /* Insertion failed due to lack of memory. */
978 found_match = (ent_from_table != ent);
982 /* ent was not inserted, so free it. */
990 free_pending_ent (struct pending *p)
1000 is_colored (enum indicator_no type)
1002 size_t len = color_indicator[type].len;
1003 char const *s = color_indicator[type].string;
1005 || (len == 1 && strncmp (s, "0", 1) == 0)
1006 || (len == 2 && strncmp (s, "00", 2) == 0));
1010 restore_default_color (void)
1012 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_LEFT]);
1013 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_RIGHT]);
1016 /* An ordinary signal was received; arrange for the program to exit. */
1019 sighandler (int sig)
1021 #ifndef SA_NOCLDSTOP
1022 signal (sig, SIG_IGN);
1025 if (! interrupt_signal)
1026 interrupt_signal = sig;
1029 /* A SIGTSTP was received; arrange for the program to suspend itself. */
1032 stophandler (int sig)
1034 #ifndef SA_NOCLDSTOP
1035 signal (sig, stophandler);
1038 if (! interrupt_signal)
1039 stop_signal_count++;
1042 /* Process any pending signals. If signals are caught, this function
1043 should be called periodically. Ideally there should never be an
1044 unbounded amount of time when signals are not being processed.
1045 Signal handling can restore the default colors, so callers must
1046 immediately change colors after invoking this function. */
1049 process_signals (void)
1051 while (interrupt_signal | stop_signal_count)
1057 restore_default_color ();
1060 sigprocmask (SIG_BLOCK, &caught_signals, &oldset);
1062 /* Reload interrupt_signal and stop_signal_count, in case a new
1063 signal was handled before sigprocmask took effect. */
1064 sig = interrupt_signal;
1065 stops = stop_signal_count;
1067 /* SIGTSTP is special, since the application can receive that signal
1068 more than once. In this case, don't set the signal handler to the
1069 default. Instead, just raise the uncatchable SIGSTOP. */
1072 stop_signal_count = stops - 1;
1076 signal (sig, SIG_DFL);
1078 /* Exit or suspend the program. */
1080 sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &oldset, NULL);
1082 /* If execution reaches here, then the program has been
1083 continued (after being suspended). */
1088 main (int argc, char **argv)
1091 struct pending *thispend;
1094 /* The signals that are trapped, and the number of such signals. */
1095 static int const sig[] = { SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGPIPE,
1096 SIGQUIT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP };
1097 enum { nsigs = sizeof sig / sizeof sig[0] };
1099 #ifndef SA_NOCLDSTOP
1100 bool caught_sig[nsigs];
1103 initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
1104 program_name = argv[0];
1105 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
1106 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
1107 textdomain (PACKAGE);
1109 initialize_exit_failure (LS_FAILURE);
1110 atexit (close_stdout);
1112 #define N_ENTRIES(Array) (sizeof Array / sizeof *(Array))
1113 assert (N_ENTRIES (color_indicator) + 1 == N_ENTRIES (indicator_name));
1115 exit_status = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1116 print_dir_name = true;
1117 pending_dirs = NULL;
1119 i = decode_switches (argc, argv);
1121 if (print_with_color)
1124 /* Test print_with_color again, because the call to parse_ls_color
1125 may have just reset it -- e.g., if LS_COLORS is invalid. */
1126 if (print_with_color)
1128 /* Avoid following symbolic links when possible. */
1129 if (is_colored (C_ORPHAN)
1130 || is_colored (C_EXEC)
1131 || (is_colored (C_MISSING) && format == long_format))
1132 check_symlink_color = true;
1134 /* If the standard output is a controlling terminal, watch out
1135 for signals, so that the colors can be restored to the
1136 default state if "ls" is suspended or interrupted. */
1138 if (0 <= tcgetpgrp (STDOUT_FILENO))
1142 struct sigaction act;
1144 sigemptyset (&caught_signals);
1145 for (j = 0; j < nsigs; j++)
1147 sigaction (sig[j], NULL, &act);
1148 if (act.sa_handler != SIG_IGN)
1149 sigaddset (&caught_signals, sig[j]);
1152 act.sa_mask = caught_signals;
1153 act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
1155 for (j = 0; j < nsigs; j++)
1156 if (sigismember (&caught_signals, sig[j]))
1158 act.sa_handler = sig[j] == SIGTSTP ? stophandler : sighandler;
1159 sigaction (sig[j], &act, NULL);
1162 for (j = 0; j < nsigs; j++)
1164 caught_sig[j] = (signal (sig[j], SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN);
1166 signal (sig[j], sig[j] == SIGTSTP ? stophandler : sighandler);
1171 prep_non_filename_text ();
1174 if (dereference == DEREF_UNDEFINED)
1175 dereference = ((immediate_dirs
1176 || indicator_style == classify
1177 || format == long_format)
1179 : DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR);
1181 /* When using -R, initialize a data structure we'll use to
1182 detect any directory cycles. */
1185 active_dir_set = hash_initialize (INITIAL_TABLE_SIZE, NULL,
1189 if (active_dir_set == NULL)
1192 obstack_init (&dev_ino_obstack);
1195 format_needs_stat = sort_type == sort_time || sort_type == sort_size
1196 || format == long_format
1197 || dereference == DEREF_ALWAYS
1198 || print_block_size || print_inode;
1199 format_needs_type = (!format_needs_stat
1200 && (recursive || print_with_color
1201 || indicator_style != none));
1205 obstack_init (&dired_obstack);
1206 obstack_init (&subdired_obstack);
1210 files = xnmalloc (nfiles, sizeof *files);
1220 gobble_file (".", directory, true, "");
1222 queue_directory (".", NULL, true);
1226 gobble_file (argv[i++], unknown, true, "");
1232 if (!immediate_dirs)
1233 extract_dirs_from_files (NULL, true);
1234 /* `files_index' might be zero now. */
1237 /* In the following if/else blocks, it is sufficient to test `pending_dirs'
1238 (and not pending_dirs->name) because there may be no markers in the queue
1239 at this point. A marker may be enqueued when extract_dirs_from_files is
1240 called with a non-empty string or via print_dir. */
1243 print_current_files ();
1245 DIRED_PUTCHAR ('\n');
1247 else if (n_files <= 1 && pending_dirs && pending_dirs->next == 0)
1248 print_dir_name = false;
1250 while (pending_dirs)
1252 thispend = pending_dirs;
1253 pending_dirs = pending_dirs->next;
1257 if (thispend->name == NULL)
1259 /* thispend->name == NULL means this is a marker entry
1260 indicating we've finished processing the directory.
1261 Use its dev/ino numbers to remove the corresponding
1262 entry from the active_dir_set hash table. */
1263 struct dev_ino di = dev_ino_pop ();
1264 struct dev_ino *found = hash_delete (active_dir_set, &di);
1265 /* ASSERT_MATCHING_DEV_INO (thispend->realname, di); */
1267 dev_ino_free (found);
1268 free_pending_ent (thispend);
1273 print_dir (thispend->name, thispend->realname,
1274 thispend->command_line_arg);
1276 free_pending_ent (thispend);
1277 print_dir_name = true;
1280 if (print_with_color)
1284 restore_default_color ();
1287 /* Restore the default signal handling. */
1289 for (j = 0; j < nsigs; j++)
1290 if (sigismember (&caught_signals, sig[j]))
1291 signal (sig[j], SIG_DFL);
1293 for (j = 0; j < nsigs; j++)
1295 signal (sig[j], SIG_DFL);
1298 /* Act on any signals that arrived before the default was restored.
1299 This can process signals out of order, but there doesn't seem to
1300 be an easy way to do them in order, and the order isn't that
1301 important anyway. */
1302 for (j = stop_signal_count; j; j--)
1304 j = interrupt_signal;
1311 /* No need to free these since we're about to exit. */
1312 dired_dump_obstack ("//DIRED//", &dired_obstack);
1313 dired_dump_obstack ("//SUBDIRED//", &subdired_obstack);
1314 printf ("//DIRED-OPTIONS// --quoting-style=%s\n",
1315 quoting_style_args[get_quoting_style (filename_quoting_options)]);
1320 assert (hash_get_n_entries (active_dir_set) == 0);
1321 hash_free (active_dir_set);
1327 /* Set all the option flags according to the switches specified.
1328 Return the index of the first non-option argument. */
1331 decode_switches (int argc, char **argv)
1334 char *time_style_option = 0;
1336 /* Record whether there is an option specifying sort type. */
1337 bool sort_type_specified = false;
1339 qmark_funny_chars = false;
1341 /* initialize all switches to default settings */
1346 /* This is for the `dir' program. */
1347 format = many_per_line;
1348 set_quoting_style (NULL, escape_quoting_style);
1351 case LS_LONG_FORMAT:
1352 /* This is for the `vdir' program. */
1353 format = long_format;
1354 set_quoting_style (NULL, escape_quoting_style);
1358 /* This is for the `ls' program. */
1359 if (isatty (STDOUT_FILENO))
1361 format = many_per_line;
1362 /* See description of qmark_funny_chars, above. */
1363 qmark_funny_chars = true;
1367 format = one_per_line;
1368 qmark_funny_chars = false;
1376 time_type = time_mtime;
1377 sort_type = sort_name;
1378 sort_reverse = false;
1379 numeric_ids = false;
1380 print_block_size = false;
1381 indicator_style = none;
1382 print_inode = false;
1383 dereference = DEREF_UNDEFINED;
1385 immediate_dirs = false;
1386 ignore_mode = IGNORE_DEFAULT;
1387 ignore_patterns = NULL;
1388 hide_patterns = NULL;
1390 /* FIXME: put this in a function. */
1392 char const *q_style = getenv ("QUOTING_STYLE");
1395 int i = ARGMATCH (q_style, quoting_style_args, quoting_style_vals);
1397 set_quoting_style (NULL, quoting_style_vals[i]);
1400 _("ignoring invalid value of environment variable QUOTING_STYLE: %s"),
1401 quotearg (q_style));
1406 char const *ls_block_size = getenv ("LS_BLOCK_SIZE");
1407 human_output_opts = human_options (ls_block_size, false,
1408 &output_block_size);
1409 if (ls_block_size || getenv ("BLOCK_SIZE"))
1410 file_output_block_size = output_block_size;
1415 char const *p = getenv ("COLUMNS");
1418 unsigned long int tmp_ulong;
1419 if (xstrtoul (p, NULL, 0, &tmp_ulong, NULL) == LONGINT_OK
1420 && 0 < tmp_ulong && tmp_ulong <= SIZE_MAX)
1422 line_length = tmp_ulong;
1427 _("ignoring invalid width in environment variable COLUMNS: %s"),
1437 if (ioctl (STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) != -1
1438 && 0 < ws.ws_col && ws.ws_col == (size_t) ws.ws_col)
1439 line_length = ws.ws_col;
1444 char const *p = getenv ("TABSIZE");
1448 unsigned long int tmp_ulong;
1449 if (xstrtoul (p, NULL, 0, &tmp_ulong, NULL) == LONGINT_OK
1450 && tmp_ulong <= SIZE_MAX)
1452 tabsize = tmp_ulong;
1457 _("ignoring invalid tab size in environment variable TABSIZE: %s"),
1463 while ((c = getopt_long (argc, argv,
1464 "abcdfghiklmnopqrstuvw:xABCDFGHI:LNQRST:UX1",
1465 long_options, NULL)) != -1)
1470 ignore_mode = IGNORE_MINIMAL;
1474 set_quoting_style (NULL, escape_quoting_style);
1478 time_type = time_ctime;
1482 immediate_dirs = true;
1486 /* Same as enabling -a -U and disabling -l -s. */
1487 ignore_mode = IGNORE_MINIMAL;
1488 sort_type = sort_none;
1489 sort_type_specified = true;
1491 if (format == long_format)
1492 format = (isatty (STDOUT_FILENO) ? many_per_line : one_per_line);
1493 print_block_size = false; /* disable -s */
1494 print_with_color = false; /* disable --color */
1498 format = long_format;
1499 print_owner = false;
1503 human_output_opts = human_autoscale | human_SI | human_base_1024;
1504 file_output_block_size = output_block_size = 1;
1512 human_output_opts = 0;
1513 file_output_block_size = output_block_size = 1024;
1517 format = long_format;
1521 format = with_commas;
1526 format = long_format;
1529 case 'o': /* Just like -l, but don't display group info. */
1530 format = long_format;
1531 print_group = false;
1535 indicator_style = file_type;
1539 qmark_funny_chars = true;
1543 sort_reverse = true;
1547 print_block_size = true;
1551 sort_type = sort_time;
1552 sort_type_specified = true;
1556 time_type = time_atime;
1560 sort_type = sort_version;
1561 sort_type_specified = true;
1566 unsigned long int tmp_ulong;
1567 if (xstrtoul (optarg, NULL, 0, &tmp_ulong, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
1568 || ! (0 < tmp_ulong && tmp_ulong <= SIZE_MAX))
1569 error (LS_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid line width: %s"),
1571 line_length = tmp_ulong;
1576 format = horizontal;
1580 if (ignore_mode == IGNORE_DEFAULT)
1581 ignore_mode = IGNORE_DOT_AND_DOTDOT;
1585 add_ignore_pattern ("*~");
1586 add_ignore_pattern (".*~");
1590 format = many_per_line;
1598 indicator_style = classify;
1601 case 'G': /* inhibit display of group info */
1602 print_group = false;
1606 dereference = DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENTS;
1609 case DEREFERENCE_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR_OPTION:
1610 dereference = DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR;
1614 add_ignore_pattern (optarg);
1618 dereference = DEREF_ALWAYS;
1622 set_quoting_style (NULL, literal_quoting_style);
1626 set_quoting_style (NULL, c_quoting_style);
1634 sort_type = sort_size;
1635 sort_type_specified = true;
1640 unsigned long int tmp_ulong;
1641 if (xstrtoul (optarg, NULL, 0, &tmp_ulong, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
1642 || SIZE_MAX < tmp_ulong)
1643 error (LS_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid tab size: %s"),
1645 tabsize = tmp_ulong;
1650 sort_type = sort_none;
1651 sort_type_specified = true;
1655 sort_type = sort_extension;
1656 sort_type_specified = true;
1660 /* -1 has no effect after -l. */
1661 if (format != long_format)
1662 format = one_per_line;
1666 print_author = true;
1671 struct ignore_pattern *hide = xmalloc (sizeof *hide);
1672 hide->pattern = optarg;
1673 hide->next = hide_patterns;
1674 hide_patterns = hide;
1679 sort_type = XARGMATCH ("--sort", optarg, sort_args, sort_types);
1680 sort_type_specified = true;
1684 time_type = XARGMATCH ("--time", optarg, time_args, time_types);
1688 format = XARGMATCH ("--format", optarg, format_args, format_types);
1691 case FULL_TIME_OPTION:
1692 format = long_format;
1693 time_style_option = "full-iso";
1700 i = XARGMATCH ("--color", optarg, color_args, color_types);
1702 /* Using --color with no argument is equivalent to using
1706 print_with_color = (i == color_always
1707 || (i == color_if_tty
1708 && isatty (STDOUT_FILENO)));
1710 if (print_with_color)
1712 /* Don't use TAB characters in output. Some terminal
1713 emulators can't handle the combination of tabs and
1714 color codes on the same line. */
1720 case INDICATOR_STYLE_OPTION:
1721 indicator_style = XARGMATCH ("--indicator-style", optarg,
1722 indicator_style_args,
1723 indicator_style_types);
1726 case QUOTING_STYLE_OPTION:
1727 set_quoting_style (NULL,
1728 XARGMATCH ("--quoting-style", optarg,
1730 quoting_style_vals));
1733 case TIME_STYLE_OPTION:
1734 time_style_option = optarg;
1737 case SHOW_CONTROL_CHARS_OPTION:
1738 qmark_funny_chars = false;
1741 case BLOCK_SIZE_OPTION:
1742 human_output_opts = human_options (optarg, true, &output_block_size);
1743 file_output_block_size = output_block_size;
1747 human_output_opts = human_autoscale | human_SI;
1748 file_output_block_size = output_block_size = 1;
1751 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
1753 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
1760 max_idx = MAX (1, line_length / MIN_COLUMN_WIDTH);
1762 filename_quoting_options = clone_quoting_options (NULL);
1763 if (get_quoting_style (filename_quoting_options) == escape_quoting_style)
1764 set_char_quoting (filename_quoting_options, ' ', 1);
1765 if (indicator_style != none)
1768 for (p = "*=@|" + indicator_style - 1; *p; p++)
1769 set_char_quoting (filename_quoting_options, *p, 1);
1772 dirname_quoting_options = clone_quoting_options (NULL);
1773 set_char_quoting (dirname_quoting_options, ':', 1);
1775 /* --dired is meaningful only with --format=long (-l).
1776 Otherwise, ignore it. FIXME: warn about this?
1777 Alternatively, make --dired imply --format=long? */
1778 if (dired && format != long_format)
1781 /* If -c or -u is specified and not -l (or any other option that implies -l),
1782 and no sort-type was specified, then sort by the ctime (-c) or atime (-u).
1783 The behavior of ls when using either -c or -u but with neither -l nor -t
1784 appears to be unspecified by POSIX. So, with GNU ls, `-u' alone means
1785 sort by atime (this is the one that's not specified by the POSIX spec),
1786 -lu means show atime and sort by name, -lut means show atime and sort
1789 if ((time_type == time_ctime || time_type == time_atime)
1790 && !sort_type_specified && format != long_format)
1792 sort_type = sort_time;
1795 if (format == long_format)
1797 char *style = time_style_option;
1798 static char const posix_prefix[] = "posix-";
1801 if (! (style = getenv ("TIME_STYLE")))
1802 style = "posix-long-iso";
1804 while (strncmp (style, posix_prefix, sizeof posix_prefix - 1) == 0)
1806 if (! hard_locale (LC_TIME))
1808 style += sizeof posix_prefix - 1;
1813 char *p0 = style + 1;
1814 char *p1 = strchr (p0, '\n');
1819 if (strchr (p1 + 1, '\n'))
1820 error (LS_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid time style format %s"),
1824 long_time_format[0] = p0;
1825 long_time_format[1] = p1;
1828 switch (XARGMATCH ("time style", style,
1832 case full_iso_time_style:
1833 long_time_format[0] = long_time_format[1] =
1834 "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%N %z";
1837 case long_iso_time_style:
1838 long_time_format[0] = long_time_format[1] = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M";
1841 case iso_time_style:
1842 long_time_format[0] = "%Y-%m-%d ";
1843 long_time_format[1] = "%m-%d %H:%M";
1846 case locale_time_style:
1847 if (hard_locale (LC_TIME))
1850 for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
1851 long_time_format[i] =
1852 dcgettext (NULL, long_time_format[i], LC_TIME);
1860 /* Parse a string as part of the LS_COLORS variable; this may involve
1861 decoding all kinds of escape characters. If equals_end is set an
1862 unescaped equal sign ends the string, otherwise only a : or \0
1863 does. Set *OUTPUT_COUNT to the number of bytes output. Return
1866 The resulting string is *not* null-terminated, but may contain
1869 Note that both dest and src are char **; on return they point to
1870 the first free byte after the array and the character that ended
1871 the input string, respectively. */
1874 get_funky_string (char **dest, const char **src, bool equals_end,
1875 size_t *output_count)
1877 char num; /* For numerical codes */
1878 size_t count; /* Something to count with */
1880 ST_GND, ST_BACKSLASH, ST_OCTAL, ST_HEX, ST_CARET, ST_END, ST_ERROR
1885 p = *src; /* We don't want to double-indirect */
1886 q = *dest; /* the whole darn time. */
1888 count = 0; /* No characters counted in yet. */
1891 state = ST_GND; /* Start in ground state. */
1892 while (state < ST_END)
1896 case ST_GND: /* Ground state (no escapes) */
1901 state = ST_END; /* End of string */
1904 state = ST_BACKSLASH; /* Backslash scape sequence */
1908 state = ST_CARET; /* Caret escape */
1914 state = ST_END; /* End */
1917 /* else fall through */
1925 case ST_BACKSLASH: /* Backslash escaped character */
1936 state = ST_OCTAL; /* Octal sequence */
1941 state = ST_HEX; /* Hex sequence */
1944 case 'a': /* Bell */
1945 num = 7; /* Not all C compilers know what \a means */
1947 case 'b': /* Backspace */
1950 case 'e': /* Escape */
1953 case 'f': /* Form feed */
1956 case 'n': /* Newline */
1959 case 'r': /* Carriage return */
1965 case 'v': /* Vtab */
1968 case '?': /* Delete */
1971 case '_': /* Space */
1974 case '\0': /* End of string */
1975 state = ST_ERROR; /* Error! */
1977 default: /* Escaped character like \ ^ : = */
1981 if (state == ST_BACKSLASH)
1990 case ST_OCTAL: /* Octal sequence */
1991 if (*p < '0' || *p > '7')
1998 num = (num << 3) + (*(p++) - '0');
2001 case ST_HEX: /* Hex sequence */
2014 num = (num << 4) + (*(p++) - '0');
2022 num = (num << 4) + (*(p++) - 'a') + 10;
2030 num = (num << 4) + (*(p++) - 'A') + 10;
2040 case ST_CARET: /* Caret escape */
2041 state = ST_GND; /* Should be the next state... */
2042 if (*p >= '@' && *p <= '~')
2044 *(q++) = *(p++) & 037;
2063 *output_count = count;
2065 return state != ST_ERROR;
2069 parse_ls_color (void)
2071 const char *p; /* Pointer to character being parsed */
2072 char *buf; /* color_buf buffer pointer */
2073 int state; /* State of parser */
2074 int ind_no; /* Indicator number */
2075 char label[3]; /* Indicator label */
2076 struct color_ext_type *ext; /* Extension we are working on */
2078 if ((p = getenv ("LS_COLORS")) == NULL || *p == '\0')
2082 strcpy (label, "??");
2084 /* This is an overly conservative estimate, but any possible
2085 LS_COLORS string will *not* generate a color_buf longer than
2086 itself, so it is a safe way of allocating a buffer in
2088 buf = color_buf = xstrdup (p);
2095 case 1: /* First label character */
2103 /* Allocate new extension block and add to head of
2104 linked list (this way a later definition will
2105 override an earlier one, which can be useful for
2106 having terminal-specific defs override global). */
2108 ext = xmalloc (sizeof *ext);
2109 ext->next = color_ext_list;
2110 color_ext_list = ext;
2113 ext->ext.string = buf;
2115 state = (get_funky_string (&buf, &p, true, &ext->ext.len)
2120 state = 0; /* Done! */
2123 default: /* Assume it is file type label */
2130 case 2: /* Second label character */
2137 state = -1; /* Error */
2140 case 3: /* Equal sign after indicator label */
2141 state = -1; /* Assume failure... */
2142 if (*(p++) == '=')/* It *should* be... */
2144 for (ind_no = 0; indicator_name[ind_no] != NULL; ++ind_no)
2146 if (STREQ (label, indicator_name[ind_no]))
2148 color_indicator[ind_no].string = buf;
2149 state = (get_funky_string (&buf, &p, false,
2150 &color_indicator[ind_no].len)
2156 error (0, 0, _("unrecognized prefix: %s"), quotearg (label));
2160 case 4: /* Equal sign after *.ext */
2163 ext->seq.string = buf;
2164 state = (get_funky_string (&buf, &p, false, &ext->seq.len)
2175 struct color_ext_type *e;
2176 struct color_ext_type *e2;
2179 _("unparsable value for LS_COLORS environment variable"));
2181 for (e = color_ext_list; e != NULL; /* empty */)
2187 print_with_color = false;
2190 if (color_indicator[C_LINK].len == 6
2191 && !strncmp (color_indicator[C_LINK].string, "target", 6))
2192 color_symlink_as_referent = true;
2195 /* Set the exit status to report a failure. If SERIOUS, it is a
2196 serious failure; otherwise, it is merely a minor problem. */
2199 set_exit_status (bool serious)
2202 exit_status = LS_FAILURE;
2203 else if (exit_status == EXIT_SUCCESS)
2204 exit_status = LS_MINOR_PROBLEM;
2207 /* Assuming a failure is serious if SERIOUS, use the printf-style
2208 MESSAGE to report the failure to access a file named FILE. Assume
2209 errno is set appropriately for the failure. */
2212 file_failure (bool serious, char const *message, char const *file)
2214 error (0, errno, message, quotearg_colon (file));
2215 set_exit_status (serious);
2218 /* Request that the directory named NAME have its contents listed later.
2219 If REALNAME is nonzero, it will be used instead of NAME when the
2220 directory name is printed. This allows symbolic links to directories
2221 to be treated as regular directories but still be listed under their
2222 real names. NAME == NULL is used to insert a marker entry for the
2223 directory named in REALNAME.
2224 If NAME is non-NULL, we use its dev/ino information to save
2225 a call to stat -- when doing a recursive (-R) traversal.
2226 COMMAND_LINE_ARG means this directory was mentioned on the command line. */
2229 queue_directory (char const *name, char const *realname, bool command_line_arg)
2231 struct pending *new = xmalloc (sizeof *new);
2232 new->realname = realname ? xstrdup (realname) : NULL;
2233 new->name = name ? xstrdup (name) : NULL;
2234 new->command_line_arg = command_line_arg;
2235 new->next = pending_dirs;
2239 /* Read directory NAME, and list the files in it.
2240 If REALNAME is nonzero, print its name instead of NAME;
2241 this is used for symbolic links to directories.
2242 COMMAND_LINE_ARG means this directory was mentioned on the command line. */
2245 print_dir (char const *name, char const *realname, bool command_line_arg)
2248 struct dirent *next;
2249 uintmax_t total_blocks = 0;
2250 static bool first = true;
2253 dirp = opendir (name);
2256 file_failure (command_line_arg, "%s", name);
2262 struct stat dir_stat;
2263 int fd = dirfd (dirp);
2265 /* If dirfd failed, endure the overhead of using stat. */
2267 ? fstat (fd, &dir_stat)
2268 : stat (name, &dir_stat)) < 0)
2270 file_failure (command_line_arg,
2271 _("cannot determine device and inode of %s"), name);
2275 /* If we've already visited this dev/inode pair, warn that
2276 we've found a loop, and do not process this directory. */
2277 if (visit_dir (dir_stat.st_dev, dir_stat.st_ino))
2279 error (0, 0, _("%s: not listing already-listed directory"),
2280 quotearg_colon (name));
2284 DEV_INO_PUSH (dir_stat.st_dev, dir_stat.st_ino);
2287 /* Read the directory entries, and insert the subfiles into the `files'
2294 /* Set errno to zero so we can distinguish between a readdir failure
2295 and when readdir simply finds that there are no more entries. */
2297 next = readdir (dirp);
2300 if (! file_ignored (next->d_name))
2302 enum filetype type = unknown;
2304 #if HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_TYPE
2305 if (next->d_type == DT_BLK
2306 || next->d_type == DT_CHR
2307 || next->d_type == DT_DIR
2308 || next->d_type == DT_FIFO
2309 || next->d_type == DT_LNK
2310 || next->d_type == DT_REG
2311 || next->d_type == DT_SOCK)
2312 type = next->d_type;
2314 total_blocks += gobble_file (next->d_name, type, false, name);
2317 else if (errno != 0)
2319 file_failure (command_line_arg, _("reading directory %s"), name);
2320 if (errno != EOVERFLOW)
2327 if (CLOSEDIR (dirp) != 0)
2329 file_failure (command_line_arg, _("closing directory %s"), name);
2330 /* Don't return; print whatever we got. */
2333 /* Sort the directory contents. */
2336 /* If any member files are subdirectories, perhaps they should have their
2337 contents listed rather than being mentioned here as files. */
2340 extract_dirs_from_files (name, command_line_arg);
2342 if (recursive | print_dir_name)
2345 DIRED_PUTCHAR ('\n');
2348 PUSH_CURRENT_DIRED_POS (&subdired_obstack);
2349 dired_pos += quote_name (stdout, realname ? realname : name,
2350 dirname_quoting_options, NULL);
2351 PUSH_CURRENT_DIRED_POS (&subdired_obstack);
2352 DIRED_FPUTS_LITERAL (":\n", stdout);
2355 if (format == long_format || print_block_size)
2358 char buf[LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1];
2362 DIRED_FPUTS (p, stdout, strlen (p));
2363 DIRED_PUTCHAR (' ');
2364 p = human_readable (total_blocks, buf, human_output_opts,
2365 ST_NBLOCKSIZE, output_block_size);
2366 DIRED_FPUTS (p, stdout, strlen (p));
2367 DIRED_PUTCHAR ('\n');
2371 print_current_files ();
2374 /* Add `pattern' to the list of patterns for which files that match are
2378 add_ignore_pattern (const char *pattern)
2380 struct ignore_pattern *ignore;
2382 ignore = xmalloc (sizeof *ignore);
2383 ignore->pattern = pattern;
2384 /* Add it to the head of the linked list. */
2385 ignore->next = ignore_patterns;
2386 ignore_patterns = ignore;
2389 /* Return true if one of the PATTERNS matches FILE. */
2392 patterns_match (struct ignore_pattern const *patterns, char const *file)
2394 struct ignore_pattern const *p;
2395 for (p = patterns; p; p = p->next)
2396 if (fnmatch (p->pattern, file, FNM_PERIOD) == 0)
2401 /* Return true if FILE should be ignored. */
2404 file_ignored (char const *name)
2406 return ((ignore_mode != IGNORE_MINIMAL
2408 && (ignore_mode == IGNORE_DEFAULT || ! name[1 + (name[1] == '.')]))
2409 || (ignore_mode == IGNORE_DEFAULT
2410 && patterns_match (hide_patterns, name))
2411 || patterns_match (ignore_patterns, name));
2414 /* POSIX requires that a file size be printed without a sign, even
2415 when negative. Assume the typical case where negative sizes are
2416 actually positive values that have wrapped around. */
2419 unsigned_file_size (off_t size)
2421 return size + (size < 0) * ((uintmax_t) OFF_T_MAX - OFF_T_MIN + 1);
2424 /* Enter and remove entries in the table `files'. */
2426 /* Empty the table of files. */
2433 for (i = 0; i < files_index; i++)
2435 free (files[i].name);
2436 if (files[i].linkname)
2437 free (files[i].linkname);
2441 inode_number_width = 0;
2442 block_size_width = 0;
2447 major_device_number_width = 0;
2448 minor_device_number_width = 0;
2449 file_size_width = 0;
2452 /* Add a file to the current table of files.
2453 Verify that the file exists, and print an error message if it does not.
2454 Return the number of blocks that the file occupies. */
2457 gobble_file (char const *name, enum filetype type, bool command_line_arg,
2458 char const *dirname)
2464 if (files_index == nfiles)
2466 files = xnrealloc (files, nfiles, 2 * sizeof *files);
2470 f = &files[files_index];
2475 if (command_line_arg
2476 || format_needs_stat
2477 || (format_needs_type
2480 /* FIXME: remove this disjunct.
2481 I don't think we care about symlinks here, but for now
2482 this won't make a big performance difference. */
2483 || type == symbolic_link
2485 /* --indicator-style=classify (aka -F)
2486 requires that we stat each regular file
2487 to see if it's executable. */
2488 || (type == normal && (indicator_style == classify
2489 /* This is so that --color ends up
2490 highlighting files with the executable
2491 bit set even when options like -F are
2493 || (print_with_color
2494 && is_colored (C_EXEC))
2498 /* `path' is the absolute pathname of this file. */
2501 if (name[0] == '/' || dirname[0] == 0)
2502 path = (char *) name;
2505 path = alloca (strlen (name) + strlen (dirname) + 2);
2506 attach (path, dirname, name);
2509 switch (dereference)
2512 err = stat (path, &f->stat);
2515 case DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENTS:
2516 case DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR:
2517 if (command_line_arg)
2520 err = stat (path, &f->stat);
2522 if (dereference == DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENTS)
2525 need_lstat = (err < 0
2527 : ! S_ISDIR (f->stat.st_mode));
2531 /* stat failed because of ENOENT, maybe indicating a dangling
2532 symlink. Or stat succeeded, PATH does not refer to a
2533 directory, and --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir is
2534 in effect. Fall through so that we call lstat instead. */
2537 default: /* DEREF_NEVER */
2538 err = lstat (path, &f->stat);
2544 file_failure (command_line_arg, "%s", path);
2549 if (format == long_format)
2551 int n = file_has_acl (path, &f->stat);
2552 f->have_acl = (0 < n);
2554 error (0, errno, "%s", quotearg_colon (path));
2558 if (S_ISLNK (f->stat.st_mode)
2559 && (format == long_format || check_symlink_color))
2562 struct stat linkstats;
2564 get_link_name (path, f, command_line_arg);
2565 linkpath = make_link_path (path, f->linkname);
2567 /* Avoid following symbolic links when possible, ie, when
2568 they won't be traced and when no indicator is needed. */
2570 && (indicator_style != none || check_symlink_color)
2571 && stat (linkpath, &linkstats) == 0)
2575 /* Symbolic links to directories that are mentioned on the
2576 command line are automatically traced if not being
2578 if (!command_line_arg || format == long_format
2579 || !S_ISDIR (linkstats.st_mode))
2581 /* Get the linked-to file's mode for the filetype indicator
2582 in long listings. */
2583 f->linkmode = linkstats.st_mode;
2591 if (S_ISLNK (f->stat.st_mode))
2592 f->filetype = symbolic_link;
2593 else if (S_ISDIR (f->stat.st_mode))
2595 if (command_line_arg & !immediate_dirs)
2596 f->filetype = arg_directory;
2598 f->filetype = directory;
2601 f->filetype = normal;
2604 char buf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
2605 int len = strlen (umaxtostr (f->stat.st_ino, buf));
2606 if (inode_number_width < len)
2607 inode_number_width = len;
2610 blocks = ST_NBLOCKS (f->stat);
2612 char buf[LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1];
2613 int len = mbswidth (human_readable (blocks, buf, human_output_opts,
2614 ST_NBLOCKSIZE, output_block_size),
2616 if (block_size_width < len)
2617 block_size_width = len;
2622 int len = format_user_width (f->stat.st_uid);
2623 if (owner_width < len)
2629 int len = format_group_width (f->stat.st_gid);
2630 if (group_width < len)
2636 int len = format_user_width (f->stat.st_uid);
2637 if (author_width < len)
2642 char buf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
2643 int len = strlen (umaxtostr (f->stat.st_nlink, buf));
2644 if (nlink_width < len)
2648 if (S_ISCHR (f->stat.st_mode) || S_ISBLK (f->stat.st_mode))
2650 char buf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
2651 int len = strlen (umaxtostr (major (f->stat.st_rdev), buf));
2652 if (major_device_number_width < len)
2653 major_device_number_width = len;
2654 len = strlen (umaxtostr (minor (f->stat.st_rdev), buf));
2655 if (minor_device_number_width < len)
2656 minor_device_number_width = len;
2657 len = major_device_number_width + 2 + minor_device_number_width;
2658 if (file_size_width < len)
2659 file_size_width = len;
2663 char buf[LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1];
2664 uintmax_t size = unsigned_file_size (f->stat.st_size);
2665 int len = mbswidth (human_readable (size, buf, human_output_opts,
2666 1, file_output_block_size),
2668 if (file_size_width < len)
2669 file_size_width = len;
2675 #if HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_TYPE
2676 f->stat.st_mode = DTTOIF (type);
2681 f->name = xstrdup (name);
2689 /* Put the name of the file that FILENAME is a symbolic link to
2690 into the LINKNAME field of `f'. COMMAND_LINE_ARG indicates whether
2691 FILENAME is a command-line argument. */
2694 get_link_name (char const *filename, struct fileinfo *f, bool command_line_arg)
2696 f->linkname = xreadlink (filename, f->stat.st_size);
2697 if (f->linkname == NULL)
2698 file_failure (command_line_arg, _("cannot read symbolic link %s"),
2702 /* If `linkname' is a relative path and `path' contains one or more
2703 leading directories, return `linkname' with those directories
2704 prepended; otherwise, return a copy of `linkname'.
2705 If `linkname' is zero, return zero. */
2708 make_link_path (const char *path, const char *linkname)
2716 if (*linkname == '/')
2717 return xstrdup (linkname);
2719 /* The link is to a relative path. Prepend any leading path
2720 in `path' to the link name. */
2721 linkbuf = strrchr (path, '/');
2723 return xstrdup (linkname);
2725 bufsiz = linkbuf - path + 1;
2726 linkbuf = xmalloc (bufsiz + strlen (linkname) + 1);
2727 strncpy (linkbuf, path, bufsiz);
2728 strcpy (linkbuf + bufsiz, linkname);
2733 /* Return true if base_name (NAME) ends in `.' or `..'
2734 This is so we don't try to recurse on `././././. ...' */
2737 basename_is_dot_or_dotdot (const char *name)
2739 char const *base = base_name (name);
2740 return DOT_OR_DOTDOT (base);
2743 /* Remove any entries from FILES that are for directories,
2744 and queue them to be listed as directories instead.
2745 DIRNAME is the prefix to prepend to each dirname
2746 to make it correct relative to ls's working dir;
2747 if it is null, no prefix is needed and "." and ".." should not be ignored.
2748 If COMMAND_LINE_ARG is true, this directory was mentioned at the top level,
2749 This is desirable when processing directories recursively. */
2752 extract_dirs_from_files (char const *dirname, bool command_line_arg)
2756 bool ignore_dot_and_dot_dot = (dirname != NULL);
2758 if (dirname && LOOP_DETECT)
2760 /* Insert a marker entry first. When we dequeue this marker entry,
2761 we'll know that DIRNAME has been processed and may be removed
2762 from the set of active directories. */
2763 queue_directory (NULL, dirname, false);
2766 /* Queue the directories last one first, because queueing reverses the
2768 for (i = files_index; i-- != 0; )
2769 if ((files[i].filetype == directory || files[i].filetype == arg_directory)
2770 && (!ignore_dot_and_dot_dot
2771 || !basename_is_dot_or_dotdot (files[i].name)))
2773 if (!dirname || files[i].name[0] == '/')
2775 queue_directory (files[i].name, files[i].linkname,
2780 char *path = path_concat (dirname, files[i].name, NULL);
2781 queue_directory (path, files[i].linkname, command_line_arg);
2784 if (files[i].filetype == arg_directory)
2785 free (files[i].name);
2788 /* Now delete the directories from the table, compacting all the remaining
2791 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < files_index; i++)
2793 if (files[i].filetype != arg_directory)
2796 files[j] = files[i];
2803 /* Use strcoll to compare strings in this locale. If an error occurs,
2804 report an error and longjmp to failed_strcoll. */
2806 static jmp_buf failed_strcoll;
2809 xstrcoll (char const *a, char const *b)
2813 diff = strcoll (a, b);
2816 error (0, errno, _("cannot compare file names %s and %s"),
2817 quote_n (0, a), quote_n (1, b));
2818 set_exit_status (false);
2819 longjmp (failed_strcoll, 1);
2824 /* Comparison routines for sorting the files. */
2826 typedef void const *V;
2829 cmp_ctime (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2830 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2832 int diff = CTIME_CMP (b->stat, a->stat);
2833 return diff ? diff : cmp (a->name, b->name);
2835 static int compare_ctime (V a, V b) { return cmp_ctime (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2836 static int compstr_ctime (V a, V b) { return cmp_ctime (a, b, strcmp); }
2837 static int rev_cmp_ctime (V a, V b) { return compare_ctime (b, a); }
2838 static int rev_str_ctime (V a, V b) { return compstr_ctime (b, a); }
2841 cmp_mtime (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2842 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2844 int diff = MTIME_CMP (b->stat, a->stat);
2845 return diff ? diff : cmp (a->name, b->name);
2847 static int compare_mtime (V a, V b) { return cmp_mtime (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2848 static int compstr_mtime (V a, V b) { return cmp_mtime (a, b, strcmp); }
2849 static int rev_cmp_mtime (V a, V b) { return compare_mtime (b, a); }
2850 static int rev_str_mtime (V a, V b) { return compstr_mtime (b, a); }
2853 cmp_atime (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2854 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2856 int diff = ATIME_CMP (b->stat, a->stat);
2857 return diff ? diff : cmp (a->name, b->name);
2859 static int compare_atime (V a, V b) { return cmp_atime (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2860 static int compstr_atime (V a, V b) { return cmp_atime (a, b, strcmp); }
2861 static int rev_cmp_atime (V a, V b) { return compare_atime (b, a); }
2862 static int rev_str_atime (V a, V b) { return compstr_atime (b, a); }
2865 cmp_size (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2866 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2868 int diff = longdiff (b->stat.st_size, a->stat.st_size);
2869 return diff ? diff : cmp (a->name, b->name);
2871 static int compare_size (V a, V b) { return cmp_size (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2872 static int compstr_size (V a, V b) { return cmp_size (a, b, strcmp); }
2873 static int rev_cmp_size (V a, V b) { return compare_size (b, a); }
2874 static int rev_str_size (V a, V b) { return compstr_size (b, a); }
2877 cmp_version (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b)
2879 return strverscmp (a->name, b->name);
2881 static int compare_version (V a, V b) { return cmp_version (a, b); }
2882 static int rev_cmp_version (V a, V b) { return compare_version (b, a); }
2885 cmp_name (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2886 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2888 return cmp (a->name, b->name);
2890 static int compare_name (V a, V b) { return cmp_name (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2891 static int compstr_name (V a, V b) { return cmp_name (a, b, strcmp); }
2892 static int rev_cmp_name (V a, V b) { return compare_name (b, a); }
2893 static int rev_str_name (V a, V b) { return compstr_name (b, a); }
2895 /* Compare file extensions. Files with no extension are `smallest'.
2896 If extensions are the same, compare by filenames instead. */
2899 cmp_extension (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2900 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2902 char const *base1 = strrchr (a->name, '.');
2903 char const *base2 = strrchr (b->name, '.');
2904 int diff = cmp (base1 ? base1 : "", base2 ? base2 : "");
2905 return diff ? diff : cmp (a->name, b->name);
2907 static int compare_extension (V a, V b) { return cmp_extension (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2908 static int compstr_extension (V a, V b) { return cmp_extension (a, b, strcmp); }
2909 static int rev_cmp_extension (V a, V b) { return compare_extension (b, a); }
2910 static int rev_str_extension (V a, V b) { return compstr_extension (b, a); }
2912 /* Sort the files now in the table. */
2919 /* Try strcoll. If it fails, fall back on strcmp. We can't safely
2920 ignore strcoll failures, as a failing strcoll might be a
2921 comparison function that is not a total order, and if we ignored
2922 the failure this might cause qsort to dump core. */
2924 if (! setjmp (failed_strcoll))
2934 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_ctime : compare_ctime;
2937 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_mtime : compare_mtime;
2940 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_atime : compare_atime;
2947 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_name : compare_name;
2949 case sort_extension:
2950 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_extension : compare_extension;
2953 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_size : compare_size;
2956 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_version : compare_version;
2970 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_ctime : compstr_ctime;
2973 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_mtime : compstr_mtime;
2976 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_atime : compstr_atime;
2983 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_name : compstr_name;
2985 case sort_extension:
2986 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_extension : compstr_extension;
2989 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_size : compstr_size;
2996 qsort (files, files_index, sizeof (struct fileinfo), func);
2999 /* List all the files now in the table. */
3002 print_current_files (void)
3009 for (i = 0; i < files_index; i++)
3011 print_file_name_and_frills (files + i);
3017 print_many_per_line ();
3021 print_horizontal ();
3025 print_with_commas ();
3029 for (i = 0; i < files_index; i++)
3031 print_long_format (files + i);
3032 DIRED_PUTCHAR ('\n');
3038 /* Return the expected number of columns in a long-format time stamp,
3039 or zero if it cannot be calculated. */
3042 long_time_expected_width (void)
3044 static int width = -1;
3049 struct tm const *tm = localtime (&epoch);
3050 char const *fmt = long_time_format[0];
3052 char *buf = initbuf;
3053 size_t bufsize = sizeof initbuf;
3059 len = nstrftime (buf, bufsize, fmt, tm, 0, 0);
3062 buf = alloca (bufsize *= 2);
3065 width = mbsnwidth (buf, len, 0);
3073 /* Get the current time. */
3076 get_current_time (void)
3078 #if HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME && defined CLOCK_REALTIME
3080 struct timespec timespec;
3081 if (clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, ×pec) == 0)
3083 current_time = timespec.tv_sec;
3084 current_time_ns = timespec.tv_nsec;
3090 /* The clock does not have nanosecond resolution, so get the maximum
3091 possible value for the current time that is consistent with the
3092 reported clock. That way, files are not considered to be in the
3093 future merely because their time stamps have higher resolution
3094 than the clock resolution. */
3096 #if HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY
3098 struct timeval timeval;
3099 gettimeofday (&timeval, NULL);
3100 current_time = timeval.tv_sec;
3101 current_time_ns = timeval.tv_usec * 1000 + 999;
3104 current_time = time (NULL);
3105 current_time_ns = 999999999;
3109 /* Print the user or group name NAME, with numeric id ID, using a
3110 print width of WIDTH columns. */
3113 format_user_or_group (char const *name, unsigned long int id, int width)
3119 int width_gap = width - mbswidth (name, 0);
3120 int pad = MAX (0, width_gap);
3121 fputs (name, stdout);
3122 len = strlen (name) + pad;
3130 printf ("%*lu ", width, id);
3134 dired_pos += len + 1;
3137 /* Print the name or id of the user with id U, using a print width of
3141 format_user (uid_t u, int width)
3143 format_user_or_group (numeric_ids ? NULL : getuser (u), u, width);
3146 /* Likewise, for groups. */
3149 format_group (gid_t g, int width)
3151 format_user_or_group (numeric_ids ? NULL : getgroup (g), g, width);
3154 /* Return the number of columns that format_user_or_group will print. */
3157 format_user_or_group_width (char const *name, unsigned long int id)
3161 int len = mbswidth (name, 0);
3162 return MAX (0, len);
3166 char buf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (unsigned long int)];
3167 sprintf (buf, "%lu", id);
3168 return strlen (buf);
3172 /* Return the number of columns that format_user will print. */
3175 format_user_width (uid_t u)
3177 return format_user_or_group_width (numeric_ids ? NULL : getuser (u), u);
3180 /* Likewise, for groups. */
3183 format_group_width (gid_t g)
3185 return format_user_or_group_width (numeric_ids ? NULL : getgroup (g), g);
3189 /* Print information about F in long format. */
3192 print_long_format (const struct fileinfo *f)
3196 [LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1 /* inode */
3197 + LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1 /* size in blocks */
3198 + sizeof (modebuf) - 1 + 1 /* mode string */
3199 + INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t) /* st_nlink */
3200 + LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 2 /* major device number */
3201 + LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1 /* minor device number */
3202 + 35 + 1 /* usual length of time/date -- may be longer; see below */
3204 char *buf = init_bigbuf;
3205 size_t bufsize = sizeof (init_bigbuf);
3209 int when_ns IF_LINT (= 0);
3210 struct tm *when_local;
3212 /* Compute mode string. On most systems, it's based on st_mode.
3213 On systems with migration (via the stat.st_dm_mode field), use
3214 the file's migrated status. */
3215 mode_string (ST_DM_MODE (f->stat), modebuf);
3217 modebuf[10] = (FILE_HAS_ACL (f) ? '+' : ' ');
3223 when = f->stat.st_ctime;
3224 when_ns = TIMESPEC_NS (f->stat.st_ctim);
3227 when = f->stat.st_mtime;
3228 when_ns = TIMESPEC_NS (f->stat.st_mtim);
3231 when = f->stat.st_atime;
3232 when_ns = TIMESPEC_NS (f->stat.st_atim);
3240 char hbuf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
3241 sprintf (p, "%*s ", inode_number_width,
3242 umaxtostr (f->stat.st_ino, hbuf));
3243 p += inode_number_width + 1;
3246 if (print_block_size)
3248 char hbuf[LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1];
3249 char const *blocks =
3250 human_readable (ST_NBLOCKS (f->stat), hbuf, human_output_opts,
3251 ST_NBLOCKSIZE, output_block_size);
3253 for (pad = block_size_width - mbswidth (blocks, 0); 0 < pad; pad--)
3255 while ((*p++ = *blocks++))
3260 /* The last byte of the mode string is the POSIX
3261 "optional alternate access method flag". */
3263 char hbuf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
3264 sprintf (p, "%s %*s ", modebuf, nlink_width,
3265 umaxtostr (f->stat.st_nlink, hbuf));
3267 p += sizeof modebuf + nlink_width + 1;
3271 if (print_owner | print_group | print_author)
3273 DIRED_FPUTS (buf, stdout, p - buf);
3276 format_user (f->stat.st_uid, owner_width);
3279 format_group (f->stat.st_gid, group_width);
3282 format_user (f->stat.st_author, author_width);
3287 if (S_ISCHR (f->stat.st_mode) || S_ISBLK (f->stat.st_mode))
3289 char majorbuf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
3290 char minorbuf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
3291 int blanks_width = (file_size_width
3292 - (major_device_number_width + 2
3293 + minor_device_number_width));
3294 sprintf (p, "%*s, %*s ",
3295 major_device_number_width + MAX (0, blanks_width),
3296 umaxtostr (major (f->stat.st_rdev), majorbuf),
3297 minor_device_number_width,
3298 umaxtostr (minor (f->stat.st_rdev), minorbuf));
3299 p += file_size_width + 1;
3303 char hbuf[LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1];
3305 human_readable (unsigned_file_size (f->stat.st_size),
3306 hbuf, human_output_opts, 1, file_output_block_size);
3308 for (pad = file_size_width - mbswidth (size, 0); 0 < pad; pad--)
3310 while ((*p++ = *size++))
3315 if ((when_local = localtime (&when)))
3317 time_t six_months_ago;
3321 /* If the file appears to be in the future, update the current
3322 time, in case the file happens to have been modified since
3323 the last time we checked the clock. */
3324 if (current_time < when
3325 || (current_time == when && current_time_ns < when_ns))
3327 /* Note that get_current_time calls gettimeofday which, on some non-
3328 compliant systems, clobbers the buffer used for localtime's result.
3329 But it's ok here, because we use a gettimeofday wrapper that
3330 saves and restores the buffer around the gettimeofday call. */
3331 get_current_time ();
3334 /* Consider a time to be recent if it is within the past six
3335 months. A Gregorian year has 365.2425 * 24 * 60 * 60 ==
3336 31556952 seconds on the average. Write this value as an
3337 integer constant to avoid floating point hassles. */
3338 six_months_ago = current_time - 31556952 / 2;
3339 recent = (six_months_ago <= when
3340 && (when < current_time
3341 || (when == current_time && when_ns <= current_time_ns)));
3342 fmt = long_time_format[recent];
3348 s = nstrftime (p, buf + bufsize - p - 1, fmt,
3349 when_local, 0, when_ns);
3352 newbuf = alloca (bufsize *= 2);
3353 memcpy (newbuf, buf, p - buf);
3354 p = newbuf + (p - buf);
3361 /* NUL-terminate the string -- fputs (via DIRED_FPUTS) requires it. */
3366 /* The time cannot be represented as a local time;
3367 print it as a huge integer number of seconds. */
3368 char hbuf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (intmax_t)];
3369 sprintf (p, "%*s ", long_time_expected_width (),
3370 (TYPE_SIGNED (time_t)
3371 ? imaxtostr (when, hbuf)
3372 : umaxtostr (when, hbuf)));
3376 DIRED_FPUTS (buf, stdout, p - buf);
3377 print_name_with_quoting (f->name, FILE_OR_LINK_MODE (f), f->linkok,
3380 if (f->filetype == symbolic_link)
3384 DIRED_FPUTS_LITERAL (" -> ", stdout);
3385 print_name_with_quoting (f->linkname, f->linkmode, f->linkok - 1,
3387 if (indicator_style != none)
3388 print_type_indicator (f->linkmode);
3391 else if (indicator_style != none)
3392 print_type_indicator (f->stat.st_mode);
3395 /* Output to OUT a quoted representation of the file name NAME,
3396 using OPTIONS to control quoting. Produce no output if OUT is NULL.
3397 Store the number of screen columns occupied by NAME's quoted
3398 representation into WIDTH, if non-NULL. Return the number of bytes
3402 quote_name (FILE *out, const char *name, struct quoting_options const *options,
3405 char smallbuf[BUFSIZ];
3406 size_t len = quotearg_buffer (smallbuf, sizeof smallbuf, name, -1, options);
3408 size_t displayed_width IF_LINT (= 0);
3410 if (len < sizeof smallbuf)
3414 buf = alloca (len + 1);
3415 quotearg_buffer (buf, len + 1, name, -1, options);
3418 if (qmark_funny_chars)
3423 char const *p = buf;
3424 char const *plimit = buf + len;
3426 displayed_width = 0;
3431 case ' ': case '!': case '"': case '#': case '%':
3432 case '&': case '\'': case '(': case ')': case '*':
3433 case '+': case ',': case '-': case '.': case '/':
3434 case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
3435 case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
3436 case ':': case ';': case '<': case '=': case '>':
3438 case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E':
3439 case 'F': case 'G': case 'H': case 'I': case 'J':
3440 case 'K': case 'L': case 'M': case 'N': case 'O':
3441 case 'P': case 'Q': case 'R': case 'S': case 'T':
3442 case 'U': case 'V': case 'W': case 'X': case 'Y':
3444 case '[': case '\\': case ']': case '^': case '_':
3445 case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e':
3446 case 'f': case 'g': case 'h': case 'i': case 'j':
3447 case 'k': case 'l': case 'm': case 'n': case 'o':
3448 case 'p': case 'q': case 'r': case 's': case 't':
3449 case 'u': case 'v': case 'w': case 'x': case 'y':
3450 case 'z': case '{': case '|': case '}': case '~':
3451 /* These characters are printable ASCII characters. */
3453 displayed_width += 1;
3456 /* If we have a multibyte sequence, copy it until we
3457 reach its end, replacing each non-printable multibyte
3458 character with a single question mark. */
3461 memset (&mbstate, 0, sizeof mbstate);
3468 bytes = mbrtowc (&wc, p, plimit - p, &mbstate);
3470 if (bytes == (size_t) -1)
3472 /* An invalid multibyte sequence was
3473 encountered. Skip one input byte, and
3474 put a question mark. */
3477 displayed_width += 1;
3481 if (bytes == (size_t) -2)
3483 /* An incomplete multibyte character
3484 at the end. Replace it entirely with
3488 displayed_width += 1;
3493 /* A null wide character was encountered. */
3499 /* A printable multibyte character.
3501 for (; bytes > 0; --bytes)
3503 displayed_width += w;
3507 /* An unprintable multibyte character.
3508 Replace it entirely with a question
3512 displayed_width += 1;
3515 while (! mbsinit (&mbstate));
3520 /* The buffer may have shrunk. */
3527 char const *plimit = buf + len;
3531 if (! ISPRINT (to_uchar (*p)))
3535 displayed_width = len;
3538 else if (width != NULL)
3542 displayed_width = mbsnwidth (buf, len, 0);
3546 char const *p = buf;
3547 char const *plimit = buf + len;
3549 displayed_width = 0;
3552 if (ISPRINT (to_uchar (*p)))
3560 fwrite (buf, 1, len, out);
3562 *width = displayed_width;
3567 print_name_with_quoting (const char *p, mode_t mode, int linkok,
3568 struct obstack *stack)
3570 if (print_with_color)
3571 print_color_indicator (p, mode, linkok);
3574 PUSH_CURRENT_DIRED_POS (stack);
3576 dired_pos += quote_name (stdout, p, filename_quoting_options, NULL);
3579 PUSH_CURRENT_DIRED_POS (stack);
3581 if (print_with_color)
3584 prep_non_filename_text ();
3589 prep_non_filename_text (void)
3591 if (color_indicator[C_END].string != NULL)
3592 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_END]);
3595 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_LEFT]);
3596 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_NORM]);
3597 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_RIGHT]);
3601 /* Print the file name of `f' with appropriate quoting.
3602 Also print file size, inode number, and filetype indicator character,
3603 as requested by switches. */
3606 print_file_name_and_frills (const struct fileinfo *f)
3608 char buf[MAX (LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1, INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t))];
3611 printf ("%*s ", format == with_commas ? 0 : inode_number_width,
3612 umaxtostr (f->stat.st_ino, buf));
3614 if (print_block_size)
3615 printf ("%*s ", format == with_commas ? 0 : block_size_width,
3616 human_readable (ST_NBLOCKS (f->stat), buf, human_output_opts,
3617 ST_NBLOCKSIZE, output_block_size));
3619 print_name_with_quoting (f->name, FILE_OR_LINK_MODE (f), f->linkok, NULL);
3621 if (indicator_style != none)
3622 print_type_indicator (f->stat.st_mode);
3626 print_type_indicator (mode_t mode)
3632 if (indicator_style == classify && (mode & S_IXUGO))
3641 else if (S_ISLNK (mode))
3643 else if (S_ISFIFO (mode))
3645 else if (S_ISSOCK (mode))
3647 else if (S_ISDOOR (mode))
3658 print_color_indicator (const char *name, mode_t mode, int linkok)
3661 struct color_ext_type *ext; /* Color extension */
3662 size_t len; /* Length of name */
3664 /* Is this a nonexistent file? If so, linkok == -1. */
3666 if (linkok == -1 && color_indicator[C_MISSING].string != NULL)
3675 else if (S_ISLNK (mode))
3676 type = ((!linkok && color_indicator[C_ORPHAN].string)
3677 ? C_ORPHAN : C_LINK);
3678 else if (S_ISFIFO (mode))
3680 else if (S_ISSOCK (mode))
3682 else if (S_ISBLK (mode))
3684 else if (S_ISCHR (mode))
3686 else if (S_ISDOOR (mode))
3689 if (type == C_FILE && (mode & S_IXUGO) != 0)
3692 /* Check the file's suffix only if still classified as C_FILE. */
3696 /* Test if NAME has a recognized suffix. */
3698 len = strlen (name);
3699 name += len; /* Pointer to final \0. */
3700 for (ext = color_ext_list; ext != NULL; ext = ext->next)
3702 if (ext->ext.len <= len
3703 && strncmp (name - ext->ext.len, ext->ext.string,
3710 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_LEFT]);
3711 put_indicator (ext ? &(ext->seq) : &color_indicator[type]);
3712 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_RIGHT]);
3715 /* Output a color indicator (which may contain nulls). */
3717 put_indicator (const struct bin_str *ind)
3724 for (i = ind->len; i != 0; --i)
3729 length_of_file_name_and_frills (const struct fileinfo *f)
3733 char buf[MAX (LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1, INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t))];
3736 len += 1 + (format == with_commas
3737 ? strlen (umaxtostr (f->stat.st_ino, buf))
3738 : inode_number_width);
3740 if (print_block_size)
3741 len += 1 + (format == with_commas
3742 ? strlen (human_readable (ST_NBLOCKS (f->stat), buf,
3743 human_output_opts, ST_NBLOCKSIZE,
3745 : block_size_width);
3747 quote_name (NULL, f->name, filename_quoting_options, &name_width);
3750 if (indicator_style != none)
3752 mode_t filetype = f->stat.st_mode;
3754 if (S_ISREG (filetype))
3756 if (indicator_style == classify
3757 && (f->stat.st_mode & S_IXUGO))
3760 else if (S_ISDIR (filetype)
3761 || S_ISLNK (filetype)
3762 || S_ISFIFO (filetype)
3763 || S_ISSOCK (filetype)
3764 || S_ISDOOR (filetype)
3773 print_many_per_line (void)
3775 size_t row; /* Current row. */
3776 size_t cols = calculate_columns (true);
3777 struct column_info const *line_fmt = &column_info[cols - 1];
3779 /* Calculate the number of rows that will be in each column except possibly
3780 for a short column on the right. */
3781 size_t rows = files_index / cols + (files_index % cols != 0);
3783 for (row = 0; row < rows; row++)
3786 size_t filesno = row;
3789 /* Print the next row. */
3792 size_t name_length = length_of_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3793 size_t max_name_length = line_fmt->col_arr[col++];
3794 print_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3797 if (filesno >= files_index)
3800 indent (pos + name_length, pos + max_name_length);
3801 pos += max_name_length;
3808 print_horizontal (void)
3812 size_t cols = calculate_columns (false);
3813 struct column_info const *line_fmt = &column_info[cols - 1];
3814 size_t name_length = length_of_file_name_and_frills (files);
3815 size_t max_name_length = line_fmt->col_arr[0];
3817 /* Print first entry. */
3818 print_file_name_and_frills (files);
3821 for (filesno = 1; filesno < files_index; ++filesno)
3823 size_t col = filesno % cols;
3832 indent (pos + name_length, pos + max_name_length);
3833 pos += max_name_length;
3836 print_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3838 name_length = length_of_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3839 max_name_length = line_fmt->col_arr[col];
3845 print_with_commas (void)
3850 for (filesno = 0; filesno < files_index; filesno++)
3852 size_t len = length_of_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3858 if (pos + len + 2 < line_length)
3870 putchar (separator);
3873 print_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3879 /* Assuming cursor is at position FROM, indent up to position TO.
3880 Use a TAB character instead of two or more spaces whenever possible. */
3883 indent (size_t from, size_t to)
3887 if (tabsize != 0 && to / tabsize > (from + 1) / tabsize)
3890 from += tabsize - from % tabsize;
3900 /* Put DIRNAME/NAME into DEST, handling `.' and `/' properly. */
3901 /* FIXME: maybe remove this function someday. See about using a
3902 non-malloc'ing version of path_concat. */
3905 attach (char *dest, const char *dirname, const char *name)
3907 const char *dirnamep = dirname;
3909 /* Copy dirname if it is not ".". */
3910 if (dirname[0] != '.' || dirname[1] != 0)
3913 *dest++ = *dirnamep++;
3914 /* Add '/' if `dirname' doesn't already end with it. */
3915 if (dirnamep > dirname && dirnamep[-1] != '/')
3923 /* Allocate enough column info suitable for the current number of
3924 files and display columns, and initialize the info to represent the
3925 narrowest possible columns. */
3928 init_column_info (void)
3931 size_t max_cols = MIN (max_idx, files_index);
3933 /* Currently allocated columns in column_info. */
3934 static size_t column_info_alloc;
3936 if (column_info_alloc < max_cols)
3938 size_t new_column_info_alloc;
3941 if (max_cols < max_idx / 2)
3943 /* The number of columns is far less than the display width
3944 allows. Grow the allocation, but only so that it's
3945 double the current requirements. If the display is
3946 extremely wide, this avoids allocating a lot of memory
3947 that is never needed. */
3948 column_info = xnrealloc (column_info, max_cols,
3949 2 * sizeof *column_info);
3950 new_column_info_alloc = 2 * max_cols;
3954 column_info = xnrealloc (column_info, max_idx, sizeof *column_info);
3955 new_column_info_alloc = max_idx;
3958 /* Allocate the new size_t objects by computing the triangle
3959 formula n * (n + 1) / 2, except that we don't need to
3960 allocate the part of the triangle that we've already
3961 allocated. Check for address arithmetic overflow. */
3963 size_t column_info_growth = new_column_info_alloc - column_info_alloc;
3964 size_t s = column_info_alloc + 1 + new_column_info_alloc;
3965 size_t t = s * column_info_growth;
3966 if (s < new_column_info_alloc || t / column_info_growth != s)
3968 p = xnmalloc (t / 2, sizeof *p);
3971 /* Grow the triangle by parceling out the cells just allocated. */
3972 for (i = column_info_alloc; i < new_column_info_alloc; i++)
3974 column_info[i].col_arr = p;
3978 column_info_alloc = new_column_info_alloc;
3981 for (i = 0; i < max_cols; ++i)
3985 column_info[i].valid_len = true;
3986 column_info[i].line_len = (i + 1) * MIN_COLUMN_WIDTH;
3987 for (j = 0; j <= i; ++j)
3988 column_info[i].col_arr[j] = MIN_COLUMN_WIDTH;
3992 /* Calculate the number of columns needed to represent the current set
3993 of files in the current display width. */
3996 calculate_columns (bool by_columns)
3998 size_t filesno; /* Index into files. */
3999 size_t cols; /* Number of files across. */
4001 /* Normally the maximum number of columns is determined by the
4002 screen width. But if few files are available this might limit it
4004 size_t max_cols = MIN (max_idx, files_index);
4006 init_column_info ();
4008 /* Compute the maximum number of possible columns. */
4009 for (filesno = 0; filesno < files_index; ++filesno)
4011 size_t name_length = length_of_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
4014 for (i = 0; i < max_cols; ++i)
4016 if (column_info[i].valid_len)
4018 size_t idx = (by_columns
4019 ? filesno / ((files_index + i) / (i + 1))
4020 : filesno % (i + 1));
4021 size_t real_length = name_length + (idx == i ? 0 : 2);
4023 if (column_info[i].col_arr[idx] < real_length)
4025 column_info[i].line_len += (real_length
4026 - column_info[i].col_arr[idx]);
4027 column_info[i].col_arr[idx] = real_length;
4028 column_info[i].valid_len = (column_info[i].line_len
4035 /* Find maximum allowed columns. */
4036 for (cols = max_cols; 1 < cols; --cols)
4038 if (column_info[cols - 1].valid_len)
4048 if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
4049 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
4053 printf (_("Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n"), program_name);
4055 List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).\n\
4056 Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuSUX nor --sort.\n\
4060 Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n\
4063 -a, --all do not ignore entries starting with .\n\
4064 -A, --almost-all do not list implied . and ..\n\
4065 --author with -l, print the author of each file\n\
4066 -b, --escape print octal escapes for nongraphic characters\n\
4069 --block-size=SIZE use SIZE-byte blocks\n\
4070 -B, --ignore-backups do not list implied entries ending with ~\n\
4071 -c with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last\n\
4072 modification of file status information)\n\
4073 with -l: show ctime and sort by name\n\
4074 otherwise: sort by ctime\n\
4077 -C list entries by columns\n\
4078 --color[=WHEN] control whether color is used to distinguish file\n\
4079 types. WHEN may be `never', `always', or `auto'\n\
4080 -d, --directory list directory entries instead of contents,\n\
4081 and do not dereference symbolic links\n\
4082 -D, --dired generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode\n\
4085 -f do not sort, enable -aU, disable -lst\n\
4086 -F, --classify append indicator (one of */=@|) to entries\n\
4087 --format=WORD across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l,\n\
4088 single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C\n\
4089 --full-time like -l --time-style=full-iso\n\
4092 -g like -l, but do not list owner\n\
4093 -G, --no-group like -l, but do not list group\n\
4094 -h, --human-readable with -l, print sizes in human readable format\n\
4095 (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)\n\
4096 --si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024\n\
4097 -H, --dereference-command-line\n\
4098 follow symbolic links listed on the command line\n\
4099 --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir\n\
4100 follow each command line symbolic link\n\
4101 that points to a directory\n\
4102 --hide=PATTERN do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN\n\
4103 (overridden by -a or -A)\n\
4106 --indicator-style=WORD append indicator with style WORD to entry names:\n\
4107 none (default), classify (-F), file-type (-p)\n\
4108 -i, --inode with -l, print the index number of each file\n\
4109 -I, --ignore=PATTERN do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN\n\
4110 -k like --block-size=1K\n\
4113 -l use a long listing format\n\
4114 -L, --dereference when showing file information for a symbolic\n\
4115 link, show information for the file the link\n\
4116 references rather than for the link itself\n\
4117 -m fill width with a comma separated list of entries\n\
4120 -n, --numeric-uid-gid like -l, but list numeric UIDs and GIDs\n\
4121 -N, --literal print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control\n\
4122 characters specially)\n\
4123 -o like -l, but do not list group information\n\
4124 -p, --file-type append indicator (one of /=@|) to entries\n\
4127 -q, --hide-control-chars print ? instead of non graphic characters\n\
4128 --show-control-chars show non graphic characters as-is (default\n\
4129 unless program is `ls' and output is a terminal)\n\
4130 -Q, --quote-name enclose entry names in double quotes\n\
4131 --quoting-style=WORD use quoting style WORD for entry names:\n\
4132 literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape\n\
4135 -r, --reverse reverse order while sorting\n\
4136 -R, --recursive list subdirectories recursively\n\
4137 -s, --size with -l, print size of each file, in blocks\n\
4140 -S sort by file size\n\
4141 --sort=WORD extension -X, none -U, size -S, time -t,\n\
4142 version -v, status -c, time -t, atime -u,\n\
4143 access -u, use -u\n\
4144 --time=WORD with -l, show time as WORD instead of modification\n\
4145 time: atime, access, use, ctime or status; use\n\
4146 specified time as sort key if --sort=time\n\
4149 --time-style=STYLE with -l, show times using style STYLE:\n\
4150 full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, +FORMAT.\n\
4151 FORMAT is interpreted like `date'; if FORMAT is\n\
4152 FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, FORMAT1 applies to\n\
4153 non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files;\n\
4154 if STYLE is prefixed with `posix-', STYLE\n\
4155 takes effect only outside the POSIX locale\n\
4156 -t sort by modification time\n\
4157 -T, --tabsize=COLS assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8\n\
4160 -u with -lt: sort by, and show, access time\n\
4161 with -l: show access time and sort by name\n\
4162 otherwise: sort by access time\n\
4163 -U do not sort; list entries in directory order\n\
4164 -v sort by version\n\
4167 -w, --width=COLS assume screen width instead of current value\n\
4168 -x list entries by lines instead of by columns\n\
4169 -X sort alphabetically by entry extension\n\
4170 -1 list one file per line\n\
4172 fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
4173 fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
4175 SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following:\n\
4176 kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.\n\
4180 By default, color is not used to distinguish types of files. That is\n\
4181 equivalent to using --color=none. Using the --color option without the\n\
4182 optional WHEN argument is equivalent to using --color=always. With\n\
4183 --color=auto, color codes are output only if standard output is connected\n\
4184 to a terminal (tty).\n\
4188 Exit status is 0 if OK, 1 if minor problems, 2 if serious trouble.\n\
4190 printf (_("\nReport bugs to <%s>.\n"), PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);