1 /* `dir', `vdir' and `ls' directory listing programs for GNU.
2 Copyright (C) 85, 88, 90, 91, 1995-2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
18 /* If ls_mode is LS_MULTI_COL,
19 the multi-column format is the default regardless
20 of the type of output device.
21 This is for the `dir' program.
23 If ls_mode is LS_LONG_FORMAT,
24 the long format is the default regardless of the
25 type of output device.
26 This is for the `vdir' program.
29 the output format depends on whether the output
31 This is for the `ls' program. */
33 /* Written by Richard Stallman and David MacKenzie. */
35 /* Color support by Peter Anvin <Peter.Anvin@linux.org> and Dennis
36 Flaherty <dennisf@denix.elk.miles.com> based on original patches by
37 Greg Lee <lee@uhunix.uhcc.hawaii.edu>. */
40 #include <sys/types.h>
46 #ifdef GWINSZ_IN_SYS_IOCTL
47 # include <sys/ioctl.h>
50 #ifdef WINSIZE_IN_PTEM
51 # include <sys/stream.h>
52 # include <sys/ptem.h>
64 # define sigprocmask(How, Set, Oset) /* empty */
68 /* Get mbstate_t, mbrtowc(), mbsinit(), wcwidth(). */
77 #if !defined iswprint && !HAVE_ISWPRINT
78 # define iswprint(wc) 1
81 #ifndef HAVE_DECL_WCWIDTH
82 "this configure-time declaration test was not run"
84 #if !HAVE_DECL_WCWIDTH
88 /* If wcwidth() doesn't exist, assume all printable characters have
92 # define wcwidth(wc) ((wc) == 0 ? 0 : iswprint (wc) ? 1 : -1)
100 #include "argmatch.h"
105 #include "hard-locale.h"
108 #include "filemode.h"
109 #include "inttostr.h"
111 #include "mbswidth.h"
113 #include "path-concat.h"
115 #include "quotearg.h"
117 #include "strftime.h"
118 #include "strverscmp.h"
120 #include "xreadlink.h"
122 #define PROGRAM_NAME (ls_mode == LS_LS ? "ls" \
123 : (ls_mode == LS_MULTI_COL \
126 #define AUTHORS "Richard Stallman", "David MacKenzie"
128 #define obstack_chunk_alloc malloc
129 #define obstack_chunk_free free
131 /* Return an int indicating the result of comparing two integers.
132 Subtracting doesn't always work, due to overflow. */
133 #define longdiff(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? -1 : (a) > (b))
135 /* Arrange to make lstat calls go through the wrapper function
136 on systems with an lstat function that does not dereference symlinks
137 that are specified with a trailing slash. */
138 #if ! LSTAT_FOLLOWS_SLASHED_SYMLINK
139 int rpl_lstat (const char *, struct stat *);
141 # define lstat(Name, Stat_buf) rpl_lstat(Name, Stat_buf)
144 #if HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_TYPE && defined DTTOIF
145 # define DT_INIT(Val) = Val
147 # define DT_INIT(Val) /* empty */
150 #if ! HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_AUTHOR
151 # define st_author st_uid
154 /* Cray/Unicos DMF: use the file's migrated, not real, status */
156 # define ST_DM_MODE(Stat_buf) ((Stat_buf).st_dm_mode)
158 # define ST_DM_MODE(Stat_buf) ((Stat_buf).st_mode)
163 unknown DT_INIT (DT_UNKNOWN),
164 fifo DT_INIT (DT_FIFO),
165 chardev DT_INIT (DT_CHR),
166 directory DT_INIT (DT_DIR),
167 blockdev DT_INIT (DT_BLK),
168 normal DT_INIT (DT_REG),
169 symbolic_link DT_INIT (DT_LNK),
170 sock DT_INIT (DT_SOCK),
171 arg_directory DT_INIT (2 * (DT_UNKNOWN | DT_FIFO | DT_CHR | DT_DIR | DT_BLK
172 | DT_REG | DT_LNK | DT_SOCK))
182 /* For symbolic link, name of the file linked to, otherwise zero. */
185 /* For symbolic link and long listing, st_mode of file linked to, otherwise
189 /* For symbolic link and color printing, true if linked-to file
190 exists, otherwise false. */
193 enum filetype filetype;
196 /* For long listings, true if the file has an access control list. */
202 # define FILE_HAS_ACL(F) ((F)->have_acl)
204 # define FILE_HAS_ACL(F) 0
207 #define LEN_STR_PAIR(s) sizeof (s) - 1, s
209 /* Null is a valid character in a color indicator (think about Epson
210 printers, for example) so we have to use a length/buffer string
215 size_t len; /* Number of bytes */
216 const char *string; /* Pointer to the same */
227 # define tcgetpgrp(Fd) 0
230 static size_t quote_name (FILE *out, const char *name,
231 struct quoting_options const *options,
233 static char *make_link_path (const char *path, const char *linkname);
234 static int decode_switches (int argc, char **argv);
235 static bool file_interesting (const struct dirent *next);
236 static uintmax_t gobble_file (const char *name, enum filetype type,
237 bool explicit_arg, const char *dirname);
238 static void print_color_indicator (const char *name, mode_t mode, int linkok);
239 static void put_indicator (const struct bin_str *ind);
240 static void add_ignore_pattern (const char *pattern);
241 static void attach (char *dest, const char *dirname, const char *name);
242 static void clear_files (void);
243 static void extract_dirs_from_files (const char *dirname,
244 bool ignore_dot_and_dot_dot);
245 static void get_link_name (const char *filename, struct fileinfo *f);
246 static void indent (size_t from, size_t to);
247 static size_t calculate_columns (bool by_columns);
248 static void print_current_files (void);
249 static void print_dir (const char *name, const char *realname);
250 static void print_file_name_and_frills (const struct fileinfo *f);
251 static void print_horizontal (void);
252 static int format_user_width (uid_t u);
253 static int format_group_width (gid_t g);
254 static void print_long_format (const struct fileinfo *f);
255 static void print_many_per_line (void);
256 static void print_name_with_quoting (const char *p, mode_t mode,
258 struct obstack *stack);
259 static void prep_non_filename_text (void);
260 static void print_type_indicator (mode_t mode);
261 static void print_with_commas (void);
262 static void queue_directory (const char *name, const char *realname);
263 static void sort_files (void);
264 static void parse_ls_color (void);
265 void usage (int status);
267 /* The name the program was run with, stripped of any leading path. */
270 /* Initial size of hash table.
271 Most hierarchies are likely to be shallower than this. */
272 #define INITIAL_TABLE_SIZE 30
274 /* The set of `active' directories, from the current command-line argument
275 to the level in the hierarchy at which files are being listed.
276 A directory is represented by its device and inode numbers (struct dev_ino).
277 A directory is added to this set when ls begins listing it or its
278 entries, and it is removed from the set just after ls has finished
279 processing it. This set is used solely to detect loops, e.g., with
280 mkdir loop; cd loop; ln -s ../loop sub; ls -RL */
281 static Hash_table *active_dir_set;
283 #define LOOP_DETECT (!!active_dir_set)
285 /* The table of files in the current directory:
287 `files' points to a vector of `struct fileinfo', one per file.
288 `nfiles' is the number of elements space has been allocated for.
289 `files_index' is the number actually in use. */
291 /* Address of block containing the files that are described. */
292 static struct fileinfo *files; /* FIXME: rename this to e.g. cwd_file */
294 /* Length of block that `files' points to, measured in files. */
295 static size_t nfiles; /* FIXME: rename this to e.g. cwd_n_alloc */
297 /* Index of first unused in `files'. */
298 static size_t files_index; /* FIXME: rename this to e.g. cwd_n_used */
300 /* When true, in a color listing, color each symlink name according to the
301 type of file it points to. Otherwise, color them according to the `ln'
302 directive in LS_COLORS. Dangling (orphan) symlinks are treated specially,
303 regardless. This is set when `ln=target' appears in LS_COLORS. */
305 static bool color_symlink_as_referent;
307 /* mode of appropriate file for colorization */
308 #define FILE_OR_LINK_MODE(File) \
309 ((color_symlink_as_referent & (File)->linkok) \
310 ? (File)->linkmode : (File)->stat.st_mode)
313 /* Record of one pending directory waiting to be listed. */
318 /* If the directory is actually the file pointed to by a symbolic link we
319 were told to list, `realname' will contain the name of the symbolic
320 link, otherwise zero. */
322 struct pending *next;
325 static struct pending *pending_dirs;
327 /* Current time in seconds and nanoseconds since 1970, updated as
328 needed when deciding whether a file is recent. */
330 static time_t current_time = TYPE_MINIMUM (time_t);
331 static int current_time_ns = -1;
333 /* The number of columns to use for columns containing inode numbers,
334 block sizes, link counts, owners, groups, authors, major device
335 numbers, minor device numbers, and file sizes, respectively. */
337 static int inode_number_width;
338 static int block_size_width;
339 static int nlink_width;
340 static int owner_width;
341 static int group_width;
342 static int author_width;
343 static int major_device_number_width;
344 static int minor_device_number_width;
345 static int file_size_width;
349 /* long_format for lots of info, one per line.
350 one_per_line for just names, one per line.
351 many_per_line for just names, many per line, sorted vertically.
352 horizontal for just names, many per line, sorted horizontally.
353 with_commas for just names, many per line, separated by commas.
355 -l (and other options that imply -l), -1, -C, -x and -m control
360 long_format, /* -l and other options that imply -l */
361 one_per_line, /* -1 */
362 many_per_line, /* -C */
367 static enum format format;
369 /* `full-iso' uses full ISO-style dates and times. `long-iso' uses longer
370 ISO-style time stamps, though shorter than `full-iso'. `iso' uses shorter
371 ISO-style time stamps. `locale' uses locale-dependent time stamps. */
374 full_iso_time_style, /* --time-style=full-iso */
375 long_iso_time_style, /* --time-style=long-iso */
376 iso_time_style, /* --time-style=iso */
377 locale_time_style /* --time-style=locale */
380 static char const *const time_style_args[] =
382 "full-iso", "long-iso", "iso", "locale", 0
385 static enum time_style const time_style_types[] =
387 full_iso_time_style, long_iso_time_style, iso_time_style,
391 /* Type of time to print or sort by. Controlled by -c and -u. */
395 time_mtime, /* default */
400 static enum time_type time_type;
402 /* The file characteristic to sort by. Controlled by -t, -S, -U, -X, -v. */
407 sort_name, /* default */
408 sort_extension, /* -X */
411 sort_version /* -v */
414 static enum sort_type sort_type;
416 /* Direction of sort.
417 false means highest first if numeric,
418 lowest first if alphabetic;
419 these are the defaults.
420 true means the opposite order in each case. -r */
422 static bool sort_reverse;
424 /* True means to display owner information. -g turns this off. */
426 static bool print_owner = true;
428 /* True means to display author information. */
430 static bool print_author;
432 /* True means to display group information. -G and -o turn this off. */
434 static bool print_group = true;
436 /* True means print the user and group id's as numbers rather
439 static bool numeric_ids;
441 /* True means mention the size in blocks of each file. -s */
443 static bool print_block_size;
445 /* Human-readable options for output. */
446 static int human_output_opts;
448 /* The units to use when printing sizes other than file sizes. */
449 static uintmax_t output_block_size;
451 /* Likewise, but for file sizes. */
452 static uintmax_t file_output_block_size = 1;
454 /* Follow the output with a special string. Using this format,
455 Emacs' dired mode starts up twice as fast, and can handle all
456 strange characters in file names. */
459 /* `none' means don't mention the type of files.
460 `classify' means mention file types and mark executables.
461 `file_type' means mention only file types.
463 Controlled by -F, -p, and --indicator-style. */
467 none, /* --indicator-style=none */
468 classify, /* -F, --indicator-style=classify */
469 file_type /* -p, --indicator-style=file-type */
472 static enum indicator_style indicator_style;
474 /* Names of indicator styles. */
475 static char const *const indicator_style_args[] =
477 "none", "classify", "file-type", 0
480 static enum indicator_style const indicator_style_types[]=
482 none, classify, file_type
485 /* True means use colors to mark types. Also define the different
486 colors as well as the stuff for the LS_COLORS environment variable.
487 The LS_COLORS variable is now in a termcap-like format. */
489 static bool print_with_color;
493 color_never, /* 0: default or --color=never */
494 color_always, /* 1: --color=always */
495 color_if_tty /* 2: --color=tty */
498 enum Dereference_symlink
502 DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENTS, /* -H */
503 DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR, /* the default, in certain cases */
504 DEREF_ALWAYS /* -L */
509 C_LEFT, C_RIGHT, C_END, C_NORM, C_FILE, C_DIR, C_LINK, C_FIFO, C_SOCK,
510 C_BLK, C_CHR, C_MISSING, C_ORPHAN, C_EXEC, C_DOOR
513 static const char *const indicator_name[]=
515 "lc", "rc", "ec", "no", "fi", "di", "ln", "pi", "so",
516 "bd", "cd", "mi", "or", "ex", "do", NULL
519 struct color_ext_type
521 struct bin_str ext; /* The extension we're looking for */
522 struct bin_str seq; /* The sequence to output when we do */
523 struct color_ext_type *next; /* Next in list */
526 static struct bin_str color_indicator[] =
528 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("\033[") }, /* lc: Left of color sequence */
529 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("m") }, /* rc: Right of color sequence */
530 { 0, NULL }, /* ec: End color (replaces lc+no+rc) */
531 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("0") }, /* no: Normal */
532 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("0") }, /* fi: File: default */
533 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;34") }, /* di: Directory: bright blue */
534 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;36") }, /* ln: Symlink: bright cyan */
535 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("33") }, /* pi: Pipe: yellow/brown */
536 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;35") }, /* so: Socket: bright magenta */
537 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;33") }, /* bd: Block device: bright yellow */
538 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;33") }, /* cd: Char device: bright yellow */
539 { 0, NULL }, /* mi: Missing file: undefined */
540 { 0, NULL }, /* or: Orphanned symlink: undefined */
541 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;32") }, /* ex: Executable: bright green */
542 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;35") } /* do: Door: bright magenta */
546 static struct color_ext_type *color_ext_list = NULL;
548 /* Buffer for color sequences */
549 static char *color_buf;
551 /* True means to check for orphaned symbolic link, for displaying
554 static bool check_symlink_color;
556 /* True means mention the inode number of each file. -i */
558 static bool print_inode;
560 /* What to do with symbolic links. Affected by -d, -F, -H, -l (and
561 other options that imply -l), and -L. */
563 static enum Dereference_symlink dereference;
565 /* True means when a directory is found, display info on its
568 static bool recursive;
570 /* True means when an argument is a directory name, display info
573 static bool immediate_dirs;
575 /* True means don't omit files whose names start with `.'. -A */
577 static bool all_files;
579 /* True means don't omit files `.' and `..'
580 This flag implies `all_files'. -a */
582 static bool really_all_files;
584 /* A linked list of shell-style globbing patterns. If a non-argument
585 file name matches any of these patterns, it is omitted.
586 Controlled by -I. Multiple -I options accumulate.
587 The -B option adds `*~' and `.*~' to this list. */
589 struct ignore_pattern
592 struct ignore_pattern *next;
595 static struct ignore_pattern *ignore_patterns;
597 /* True means output nongraphic chars in file names as `?'.
598 (-q, --hide-control-chars)
599 qmark_funny_chars and the quoting style (-Q, --quoting-style=WORD) are
600 independent. The algorithm is: first, obey the quoting style to get a
601 string representing the file name; then, if qmark_funny_chars is set,
602 replace all nonprintable chars in that string with `?'. It's necessary
603 to replace nonprintable chars even in quoted strings, because we don't
604 want to mess up the terminal if control chars get sent to it, and some
605 quoting methods pass through control chars as-is. */
606 static bool qmark_funny_chars;
608 /* Quoting options for file and dir name output. */
610 static struct quoting_options *filename_quoting_options;
611 static struct quoting_options *dirname_quoting_options;
613 /* The number of chars per hardware tab stop. Setting this to zero
614 inhibits the use of TAB characters for separating columns. -T */
615 static size_t tabsize;
617 /* True means print each directory name before listing it. */
619 static bool print_dir_name;
621 /* The line length to use for breaking lines in many-per-line format.
622 Can be set with -w. */
624 static size_t line_length;
626 /* If true, the file listing format requires that stat be called on
629 static bool format_needs_stat;
631 /* Similar to `format_needs_stat', but set if only the file type is
634 static bool format_needs_type;
636 /* strftime formats for non-recent and recent files, respectively, in
639 static char const *long_time_format[2] =
641 /* strftime format for non-recent files (older than 6 months), in
642 -l output when --time-style=locale is specified. This should
643 contain the year, month and day (at least), in an order that is
644 understood by people in your locale's territory.
645 Please try to keep the number of used screen columns small,
646 because many people work in windows with only 80 columns. But
647 make this as wide as the other string below, for recent files. */
649 /* strftime format for recent files (younger than 6 months), in
650 -l output when --time-style=locale is specified. This should
651 contain the month, day and time (at least), in an order that is
652 understood by people in your locale's territory.
653 Please try to keep the number of used screen columns small,
654 because many people work in windows with only 80 columns. But
655 make this as wide as the other string above, for non-recent files. */
659 /* The set of signals that are caught. */
661 static sigset_t caught_signals;
663 /* If nonzero, the value of the pending fatal signal. */
665 static sig_atomic_t volatile interrupt_signal;
667 /* A count of the number of pending stop signals that have been received. */
669 static sig_atomic_t volatile stop_signal_count;
671 /* Desired exit status. */
673 static int exit_status;
675 /* For long options that have no equivalent short option, use a
676 non-character as a pseudo short option, starting with CHAR_MAX + 1. */
679 AUTHOR_OPTION = CHAR_MAX + 1,
682 DEREFERENCE_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR_OPTION,
685 INDICATOR_STYLE_OPTION,
686 QUOTING_STYLE_OPTION,
687 SHOW_CONTROL_CHARS_OPTION,
694 static struct option const long_options[] =
696 {"all", no_argument, 0, 'a'},
697 {"escape", no_argument, 0, 'b'},
698 {"directory", no_argument, 0, 'd'},
699 {"dired", no_argument, 0, 'D'},
700 {"full-time", no_argument, 0, FULL_TIME_OPTION},
701 {"human-readable", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
702 {"inode", no_argument, 0, 'i'},
703 {"kilobytes", no_argument, 0, 'k'}, /* long form is obsolescent */
704 {"numeric-uid-gid", no_argument, 0, 'n'},
705 {"no-group", no_argument, 0, 'G'},
706 {"hide-control-chars", no_argument, 0, 'q'},
707 {"reverse", no_argument, 0, 'r'},
708 {"size", no_argument, 0, 's'},
709 {"width", required_argument, 0, 'w'},
710 {"almost-all", no_argument, 0, 'A'},
711 {"ignore-backups", no_argument, 0, 'B'},
712 {"classify", no_argument, 0, 'F'},
713 {"file-type", no_argument, 0, 'p'},
714 {"si", no_argument, 0, SI_OPTION},
715 {"dereference-command-line", no_argument, 0, 'H'},
716 {"dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir", no_argument, 0,
717 DEREFERENCE_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR_OPTION},
718 {"ignore", required_argument, 0, 'I'},
719 {"indicator-style", required_argument, 0, INDICATOR_STYLE_OPTION},
720 {"dereference", no_argument, 0, 'L'},
721 {"literal", no_argument, 0, 'N'},
722 {"quote-name", no_argument, 0, 'Q'},
723 {"quoting-style", required_argument, 0, QUOTING_STYLE_OPTION},
724 {"recursive", no_argument, 0, 'R'},
725 {"format", required_argument, 0, FORMAT_OPTION},
726 {"show-control-chars", no_argument, 0, SHOW_CONTROL_CHARS_OPTION},
727 {"sort", required_argument, 0, SORT_OPTION},
728 {"tabsize", required_argument, 0, 'T'},
729 {"time", required_argument, 0, TIME_OPTION},
730 {"time-style", required_argument, 0, TIME_STYLE_OPTION},
731 {"color", optional_argument, 0, COLOR_OPTION},
732 {"block-size", required_argument, 0, BLOCK_SIZE_OPTION},
733 {"author", no_argument, 0, AUTHOR_OPTION},
734 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
735 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
739 static char const *const format_args[] =
741 "verbose", "long", "commas", "horizontal", "across",
742 "vertical", "single-column", 0
745 static enum format const format_types[] =
747 long_format, long_format, with_commas, horizontal, horizontal,
748 many_per_line, one_per_line
751 static char const *const sort_args[] =
753 "none", "time", "size", "extension", "version", 0
756 static enum sort_type const sort_types[] =
758 sort_none, sort_time, sort_size, sort_extension, sort_version
761 static char const *const time_args[] =
763 "atime", "access", "use", "ctime", "status", 0
766 static enum time_type const time_types[] =
768 time_atime, time_atime, time_atime, time_ctime, time_ctime
771 static char const *const color_args[] =
773 /* force and none are for compatibility with another color-ls version */
774 "always", "yes", "force",
775 "never", "no", "none",
776 "auto", "tty", "if-tty", 0
779 static enum color_type const color_types[] =
781 color_always, color_always, color_always,
782 color_never, color_never, color_never,
783 color_if_tty, color_if_tty, color_if_tty
786 /* Information about filling a column. */
794 /* Array with information about column filledness. */
795 static struct column_info *column_info;
797 /* Maximum number of columns ever possible for this display. */
798 static size_t max_idx;
800 /* The minimum width of a column is 3: 1 character for the name and 2
801 for the separating white space. */
802 #define MIN_COLUMN_WIDTH 3
805 /* This zero-based index is used solely with the --dired option.
806 When that option is in effect, this counter is incremented for each
807 byte of output generated by this program so that the beginning
808 and ending indices (in that output) of every file name can be recorded
809 and later output themselves. */
810 static size_t dired_pos;
812 #define DIRED_PUTCHAR(c) do {putchar ((c)); ++dired_pos;} while (0)
814 /* Write S to STREAM and increment DIRED_POS by S_LEN. */
815 #define DIRED_FPUTS(s, stream, s_len) \
816 do {fputs ((s), (stream)); dired_pos += s_len;} while (0)
818 /* Like DIRED_FPUTS, but for use when S is a literal string. */
819 #define DIRED_FPUTS_LITERAL(s, stream) \
820 do {fputs ((s), (stream)); dired_pos += sizeof((s)) - 1;} while (0)
822 #define DIRED_INDENT() \
826 DIRED_FPUTS_LITERAL (" ", stdout); \
830 /* With --dired, store pairs of beginning and ending indices of filenames. */
831 static struct obstack dired_obstack;
833 /* With --dired, store pairs of beginning and ending indices of any
834 directory names that appear as headers (just before `total' line)
835 for lists of directory entries. Such directory names are seen when
836 listing hierarchies using -R and when a directory is listed with at
837 least one other command line argument. */
838 static struct obstack subdired_obstack;
840 /* Save the current index on the specified obstack, OBS. */
841 #define PUSH_CURRENT_DIRED_POS(obs) \
845 obstack_grow ((obs), &dired_pos, sizeof (dired_pos)); \
849 /* With -R, this stack is used to help detect directory cycles.
850 The device/inode pairs on this stack mirror the pairs in the
851 active_dir_set hash table. */
852 static struct obstack dev_ino_obstack;
854 /* Push a pair onto the device/inode stack. */
855 #define DEV_INO_PUSH(Dev, Ino) \
858 struct dev_ino *di; \
859 obstack_blank (&dev_ino_obstack, sizeof (struct dev_ino)); \
860 di = -1 + (struct dev_ino *) obstack_next_free (&dev_ino_obstack); \
861 di->st_dev = (Dev); \
862 di->st_ino = (Ino); \
866 /* Pop a dev/ino struct off the global dev_ino_obstack
867 and return that struct. */
868 static struct dev_ino
871 assert (sizeof (struct dev_ino) <= obstack_object_size (&dev_ino_obstack));
872 obstack_blank (&dev_ino_obstack, -(int) (sizeof (struct dev_ino)));
873 return *(struct dev_ino*) obstack_next_free (&dev_ino_obstack);
876 #define ASSERT_MATCHING_DEV_INO(Name, Di) \
881 assert (0 <= stat (Name, &sb)); \
882 assert (sb.st_dev == Di.st_dev); \
883 assert (sb.st_ino == Di.st_ino); \
888 /* Write to standard output PREFIX, followed by the quoting style and
889 a space-separated list of the integers stored in OS all on one line. */
892 dired_dump_obstack (const char *prefix, struct obstack *os)
896 n_pos = obstack_object_size (os) / sizeof (dired_pos);
902 pos = (size_t *) obstack_finish (os);
903 fputs (prefix, stdout);
904 for (i = 0; i < n_pos; i++)
905 printf (" %lu", (unsigned long int) pos[i]);
911 dev_ino_hash (void const *x, size_t table_size)
913 struct dev_ino const *p = x;
914 return (uintmax_t) p->st_ino % table_size;
918 dev_ino_compare (void const *x, void const *y)
920 struct dev_ino const *a = x;
921 struct dev_ino const *b = y;
922 return SAME_INODE (*a, *b) ? true : false;
926 dev_ino_free (void *x)
931 /* Add the device/inode pair (P->st_dev/P->st_ino) to the set of
932 active directories. Return true if there is already a matching
933 entry in the table. */
936 visit_dir (dev_t dev, ino_t ino)
939 struct dev_ino *ent_from_table;
942 ent = xmalloc (sizeof *ent);
946 /* Attempt to insert this entry into the table. */
947 ent_from_table = hash_insert (active_dir_set, ent);
949 if (ent_from_table == NULL)
951 /* Insertion failed due to lack of memory. */
955 found_match = (ent_from_table != ent);
959 /* ent was not inserted, so free it. */
967 free_pending_ent (struct pending *p)
977 restore_default_color (void)
979 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_LEFT]);
980 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_RIGHT]);
983 /* An ordinary signal was received; arrange for the program to exit. */
989 signal (sig, SIG_IGN);
992 if (! interrupt_signal)
993 interrupt_signal = sig;
996 /* A SIGTSTP was received; arrange for the program to suspend itself. */
999 stophandler (int sig)
1001 #ifndef SA_NOCLDSTOP
1002 signal (sig, stophandler);
1005 if (! interrupt_signal)
1006 stop_signal_count++;
1009 /* Process any pending signals. If signals are caught, this function
1010 should be called periodically. Ideally there should never be an
1011 unbounded amount of time when signals are not being processed.
1012 Signal handling can restore the default colors, so callers must
1013 immediately change colors after invoking this function. */
1016 process_signals (void)
1018 while (interrupt_signal | stop_signal_count)
1024 restore_default_color ();
1027 sigprocmask (SIG_BLOCK, &caught_signals, &oldset);
1029 /* Reload interrupt_signal and stop_signal_count, in case a new
1030 signal was handled before sigprocmask took effect. */
1031 sig = interrupt_signal;
1032 stops = stop_signal_count;
1034 /* SIGTSTP is special, since the application can receive that signal
1035 more than once. In this case, don't set the signal handler to the
1036 default. Instead, just raise the uncatchable SIGSTOP. */
1039 stop_signal_count = stops - 1;
1043 signal (sig, SIG_DFL);
1045 /* Exit or suspend the program. */
1047 sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &oldset, NULL);
1049 /* If execution reaches here, then the program has been
1050 continued (after being suspended). */
1055 main (int argc, char **argv)
1058 register struct pending *thispend;
1061 /* The signals that are trapped, and the number of such signals. */
1062 static int const sig[] = { SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGPIPE,
1063 SIGQUIT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP };
1064 enum { nsigs = sizeof sig / sizeof sig[0] };
1066 #ifndef SA_NOCLDSTOP
1067 bool caught_sig[nsigs];
1070 initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
1071 program_name = argv[0];
1072 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
1073 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
1074 textdomain (PACKAGE);
1076 atexit (close_stdout);
1078 #define N_ENTRIES(Array) (sizeof Array / sizeof *(Array))
1079 assert (N_ENTRIES (color_indicator) + 1 == N_ENTRIES (indicator_name));
1081 exit_status = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1082 print_dir_name = true;
1085 i = decode_switches (argc, argv);
1087 if (print_with_color)
1090 /* Test print_with_color again, because the call to parse_ls_color
1091 may have just reset it -- e.g., if LS_COLORS is invalid. */
1092 if (print_with_color)
1094 /* Avoid following symbolic links when possible. */
1095 if (color_indicator[C_ORPHAN].string != NULL
1096 || (color_indicator[C_MISSING].string != NULL
1097 && format == long_format))
1098 check_symlink_color = true;
1100 /* If the standard output is a controlling terminal, watch out
1101 for signals, so that the colors can be restored to the
1102 default state if "ls" is suspended or interrupted. */
1104 if (0 <= tcgetpgrp (STDOUT_FILENO))
1108 struct sigaction act;
1110 sigemptyset (&caught_signals);
1111 for (j = 0; j < nsigs; j++)
1113 sigaction (sig[j], NULL, &act);
1114 if (act.sa_handler != SIG_IGN)
1115 sigaddset (&caught_signals, sig[j]);
1118 act.sa_mask = caught_signals;
1119 act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
1121 for (j = 0; j < nsigs; j++)
1122 if (sigismember (&caught_signals, sig[j]))
1124 act.sa_handler = sig[j] == SIGTSTP ? stophandler : sighandler;
1125 sigaction (sig[j], &act, NULL);
1128 for (j = 0; j < nsigs; j++)
1130 caught_sig[j] = (signal (sig[j], SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN);
1132 signal (sig[j], sig[j] == SIGTSTP ? stophandler : sighandler);
1137 prep_non_filename_text ();
1140 if (dereference == DEREF_UNDEFINED)
1141 dereference = ((immediate_dirs
1142 || indicator_style == classify
1143 || format == long_format)
1145 : DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR);
1147 /* When using -R, initialize a data structure we'll use to
1148 detect any directory cycles. */
1151 active_dir_set = hash_initialize (INITIAL_TABLE_SIZE, NULL,
1155 if (active_dir_set == NULL)
1158 obstack_init (&dev_ino_obstack);
1161 format_needs_stat = sort_type == sort_time || sort_type == sort_size
1162 || format == long_format
1163 || dereference == DEREF_ALWAYS
1164 || print_block_size || print_inode;
1165 format_needs_type = (!format_needs_stat
1166 && (recursive || print_with_color
1167 || indicator_style != none));
1171 obstack_init (&dired_obstack);
1172 obstack_init (&subdired_obstack);
1176 files = xnmalloc (nfiles, sizeof *files);
1186 gobble_file (".", directory, true, "");
1188 queue_directory (".", 0);
1192 gobble_file (argv[i++], unknown, true, "");
1198 if (!immediate_dirs)
1199 extract_dirs_from_files ("", false);
1200 /* `files_index' might be zero now. */
1203 /* In the following if/else blocks, it is sufficient to test `pending_dirs'
1204 (and not pending_dirs->name) because there may be no markers in the queue
1205 at this point. A marker may be enqueued when extract_dirs_from_files is
1206 called with a non-empty string or via print_dir. */
1209 print_current_files ();
1211 DIRED_PUTCHAR ('\n');
1213 else if (n_files <= 1 && pending_dirs && pending_dirs->next == 0)
1214 print_dir_name = false;
1216 while (pending_dirs)
1218 thispend = pending_dirs;
1219 pending_dirs = pending_dirs->next;
1223 if (thispend->name == NULL)
1225 /* thispend->name == NULL means this is a marker entry
1226 indicating we've finished processing the directory.
1227 Use its dev/ino numbers to remove the corresponding
1228 entry from the active_dir_set hash table. */
1229 struct dev_ino di = dev_ino_pop ();
1230 struct dev_ino *found = hash_delete (active_dir_set, &di);
1231 /* ASSERT_MATCHING_DEV_INO (thispend->realname, di); */
1233 dev_ino_free (found);
1234 free_pending_ent (thispend);
1239 print_dir (thispend->name, thispend->realname);
1241 free_pending_ent (thispend);
1242 print_dir_name = true;
1245 if (print_with_color)
1249 restore_default_color ();
1252 /* Restore the default signal handling. */
1254 for (j = 0; j < nsigs; j++)
1255 if (sigismember (&caught_signals, sig[j]))
1256 signal (sig[j], SIG_DFL);
1258 for (j = 0; j < nsigs; j++)
1260 signal (sig[j], SIG_DFL);
1263 /* Act on any signals that arrived before the default was restored.
1264 This can process signals out of order, but there doesn't seem to
1265 be an easy way to do them in order, and the order isn't that
1266 important anyway. */
1267 for (j = stop_signal_count; j; j--)
1269 j = interrupt_signal;
1276 /* No need to free these since we're about to exit. */
1277 dired_dump_obstack ("//DIRED//", &dired_obstack);
1278 dired_dump_obstack ("//SUBDIRED//", &subdired_obstack);
1279 printf ("//DIRED-OPTIONS// --quoting-style=%s\n",
1280 quoting_style_args[get_quoting_style (filename_quoting_options)]);
1285 assert (hash_get_n_entries (active_dir_set) == 0);
1286 hash_free (active_dir_set);
1292 /* Set all the option flags according to the switches specified.
1293 Return the index of the first non-option argument. */
1296 decode_switches (int argc, char **argv)
1299 char *time_style_option = 0;
1301 /* Record whether there is an option specifying sort type. */
1302 bool sort_type_specified = false;
1304 qmark_funny_chars = false;
1306 /* initialize all switches to default settings */
1311 /* This is for the `dir' program. */
1312 format = many_per_line;
1313 set_quoting_style (NULL, escape_quoting_style);
1316 case LS_LONG_FORMAT:
1317 /* This is for the `vdir' program. */
1318 format = long_format;
1319 set_quoting_style (NULL, escape_quoting_style);
1323 /* This is for the `ls' program. */
1324 if (isatty (STDOUT_FILENO))
1326 format = many_per_line;
1327 /* See description of qmark_funny_chars, above. */
1328 qmark_funny_chars = true;
1332 format = one_per_line;
1333 qmark_funny_chars = false;
1341 time_type = time_mtime;
1342 sort_type = sort_name;
1343 sort_reverse = false;
1344 numeric_ids = false;
1345 print_block_size = false;
1346 indicator_style = none;
1347 print_inode = false;
1348 dereference = DEREF_UNDEFINED;
1350 immediate_dirs = false;
1352 really_all_files = false;
1353 ignore_patterns = 0;
1355 /* FIXME: put this in a function. */
1357 char const *q_style = getenv ("QUOTING_STYLE");
1360 int i = ARGMATCH (q_style, quoting_style_args, quoting_style_vals);
1362 set_quoting_style (NULL, quoting_style_vals[i]);
1365 _("ignoring invalid value of environment variable QUOTING_STYLE: %s"),
1366 quotearg (q_style));
1371 char const *ls_block_size = getenv ("LS_BLOCK_SIZE");
1372 human_output_opts = human_options (ls_block_size, false,
1373 &output_block_size);
1374 if (ls_block_size || getenv ("BLOCK_SIZE"))
1375 file_output_block_size = output_block_size;
1380 char const *p = getenv ("COLUMNS");
1383 unsigned long int tmp_ulong;
1384 if (xstrtoul (p, NULL, 0, &tmp_ulong, NULL) == LONGINT_OK
1385 && 0 < tmp_ulong && tmp_ulong <= SIZE_MAX)
1387 line_length = tmp_ulong;
1392 _("ignoring invalid width in environment variable COLUMNS: %s"),
1402 if (ioctl (STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) != -1
1403 && 0 < ws.ws_col && ws.ws_col <= SIZE_MAX)
1404 line_length = ws.ws_col;
1409 char const *p = getenv ("TABSIZE");
1413 unsigned long int tmp_ulong;
1414 if (xstrtoul (p, NULL, 0, &tmp_ulong, NULL) == LONGINT_OK
1415 && tmp_ulong <= SIZE_MAX)
1417 tabsize = tmp_ulong;
1422 _("ignoring invalid tab size in environment variable TABSIZE: %s"),
1428 while ((c = getopt_long (argc, argv,
1429 "abcdfghiklmnopqrstuvw:xABCDFGHI:LNQRST:UX1",
1430 long_options, NULL)) != -1)
1436 really_all_files = true;
1440 set_quoting_style (NULL, escape_quoting_style);
1444 time_type = time_ctime;
1448 immediate_dirs = true;
1452 /* Same as enabling -a -U and disabling -l -s. */
1454 really_all_files = true;
1455 sort_type = sort_none;
1456 sort_type_specified = true;
1458 if (format == long_format)
1459 format = (isatty (STDOUT_FILENO) ? many_per_line : one_per_line);
1460 print_block_size = false; /* disable -s */
1461 print_with_color = false; /* disable --color */
1465 format = long_format;
1466 print_owner = false;
1470 human_output_opts = human_autoscale | human_SI | human_base_1024;
1471 file_output_block_size = output_block_size = 1;
1479 human_output_opts = 0;
1480 file_output_block_size = output_block_size = 1024;
1484 format = long_format;
1488 format = with_commas;
1493 format = long_format;
1496 case 'o': /* Just like -l, but don't display group info. */
1497 format = long_format;
1498 print_group = false;
1502 indicator_style = file_type;
1506 qmark_funny_chars = true;
1510 sort_reverse = true;
1514 print_block_size = true;
1518 sort_type = sort_time;
1519 sort_type_specified = true;
1523 time_type = time_atime;
1527 sort_type = sort_version;
1528 sort_type_specified = true;
1533 unsigned long int tmp_ulong;
1534 if (xstrtoul (optarg, NULL, 0, &tmp_ulong, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
1535 || ! (0 < tmp_ulong && tmp_ulong <= SIZE_MAX))
1536 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid line width: %s"),
1538 line_length = tmp_ulong;
1543 format = horizontal;
1547 really_all_files = false;
1552 add_ignore_pattern ("*~");
1553 add_ignore_pattern (".*~");
1557 format = many_per_line;
1565 indicator_style = classify;
1568 case 'G': /* inhibit display of group info */
1569 print_group = false;
1573 dereference = DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENTS;
1576 case DEREFERENCE_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR_OPTION:
1577 dereference = DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR;
1581 add_ignore_pattern (optarg);
1585 dereference = DEREF_ALWAYS;
1589 set_quoting_style (NULL, literal_quoting_style);
1593 set_quoting_style (NULL, c_quoting_style);
1601 sort_type = sort_size;
1602 sort_type_specified = true;
1607 unsigned long int tmp_ulong;
1608 if (xstrtoul (optarg, NULL, 0, &tmp_ulong, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
1609 || SIZE_MAX < tmp_ulong)
1610 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid tab size: %s"),
1612 tabsize = tmp_ulong;
1617 sort_type = sort_none;
1618 sort_type_specified = true;
1622 sort_type = sort_extension;
1623 sort_type_specified = true;
1627 /* -1 has no effect after -l. */
1628 if (format != long_format)
1629 format = one_per_line;
1633 print_author = true;
1637 sort_type = XARGMATCH ("--sort", optarg, sort_args, sort_types);
1638 sort_type_specified = true;
1642 time_type = XARGMATCH ("--time", optarg, time_args, time_types);
1646 format = XARGMATCH ("--format", optarg, format_args, format_types);
1649 case FULL_TIME_OPTION:
1650 format = long_format;
1651 time_style_option = "full-iso";
1658 i = XARGMATCH ("--color", optarg, color_args, color_types);
1660 /* Using --color with no argument is equivalent to using
1664 print_with_color = (i == color_always
1665 || (i == color_if_tty
1666 && isatty (STDOUT_FILENO)));
1668 if (print_with_color)
1670 /* Don't use TAB characters in output. Some terminal
1671 emulators can't handle the combination of tabs and
1672 color codes on the same line. */
1678 case INDICATOR_STYLE_OPTION:
1679 indicator_style = XARGMATCH ("--indicator-style", optarg,
1680 indicator_style_args,
1681 indicator_style_types);
1684 case QUOTING_STYLE_OPTION:
1685 set_quoting_style (NULL,
1686 XARGMATCH ("--quoting-style", optarg,
1688 quoting_style_vals));
1691 case TIME_STYLE_OPTION:
1692 time_style_option = optarg;
1695 case SHOW_CONTROL_CHARS_OPTION:
1696 qmark_funny_chars = false;
1699 case BLOCK_SIZE_OPTION:
1700 human_output_opts = human_options (optarg, true, &output_block_size);
1701 file_output_block_size = output_block_size;
1705 human_output_opts = human_autoscale | human_SI;
1706 file_output_block_size = output_block_size = 1;
1709 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
1711 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
1714 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
1718 max_idx = MAX (1, line_length / MIN_COLUMN_WIDTH);
1720 filename_quoting_options = clone_quoting_options (NULL);
1721 if (get_quoting_style (filename_quoting_options) == escape_quoting_style)
1722 set_char_quoting (filename_quoting_options, ' ', 1);
1723 if (indicator_style != none)
1726 for (p = "*=@|" + indicator_style - 1; *p; p++)
1727 set_char_quoting (filename_quoting_options, *p, 1);
1730 dirname_quoting_options = clone_quoting_options (NULL);
1731 set_char_quoting (dirname_quoting_options, ':', 1);
1733 /* --dired is meaningful only with --format=long (-l).
1734 Otherwise, ignore it. FIXME: warn about this?
1735 Alternatively, make --dired imply --format=long? */
1736 if (dired && format != long_format)
1739 /* If -c or -u is specified and not -l (or any other option that implies -l),
1740 and no sort-type was specified, then sort by the ctime (-c) or atime (-u).
1741 The behavior of ls when using either -c or -u but with neither -l nor -t
1742 appears to be unspecified by POSIX. So, with GNU ls, `-u' alone means
1743 sort by atime (this is the one that's not specified by the POSIX spec),
1744 -lu means show atime and sort by name, -lut means show atime and sort
1747 if ((time_type == time_ctime || time_type == time_atime)
1748 && !sort_type_specified && format != long_format)
1750 sort_type = sort_time;
1753 if (format == long_format)
1755 char *style = time_style_option;
1756 static char const posix_prefix[] = "posix-";
1759 if (! (style = getenv ("TIME_STYLE")))
1760 style = "posix-long-iso";
1762 while (strncmp (style, posix_prefix, sizeof posix_prefix - 1) == 0)
1764 if (! hard_locale (LC_TIME))
1766 style += sizeof posix_prefix - 1;
1771 char *p0 = style + 1;
1772 char *p1 = strchr (p0, '\n');
1777 if (strchr (p1 + 1, '\n'))
1778 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid time style format %s"),
1782 long_time_format[0] = p0;
1783 long_time_format[1] = p1;
1786 switch (XARGMATCH ("time style", style,
1790 case full_iso_time_style:
1791 long_time_format[0] = long_time_format[1] =
1792 "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%N %z";
1795 case long_iso_time_style:
1796 long_time_format[0] = long_time_format[1] = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M";
1799 case iso_time_style:
1800 long_time_format[0] = "%Y-%m-%d ";
1801 long_time_format[1] = "%m-%d %H:%M";
1804 case locale_time_style:
1805 if (hard_locale (LC_TIME))
1808 for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
1809 long_time_format[i] =
1810 dcgettext (NULL, long_time_format[i], LC_TIME);
1818 /* Parse a string as part of the LS_COLORS variable; this may involve
1819 decoding all kinds of escape characters. If equals_end is set an
1820 unescaped equal sign ends the string, otherwise only a : or \0
1821 does. Set *OUTPUT_COUNT to the number of bytes output. Return
1824 The resulting string is *not* null-terminated, but may contain
1827 Note that both dest and src are char **; on return they point to
1828 the first free byte after the array and the character that ended
1829 the input string, respectively. */
1832 get_funky_string (char **dest, const char **src, bool equals_end,
1833 size_t *output_count)
1835 char num; /* For numerical codes */
1836 size_t count; /* Something to count with */
1838 ST_GND, ST_BACKSLASH, ST_OCTAL, ST_HEX, ST_CARET, ST_END, ST_ERROR
1843 p = *src; /* We don't want to double-indirect */
1844 q = *dest; /* the whole darn time. */
1846 count = 0; /* No characters counted in yet. */
1849 state = ST_GND; /* Start in ground state. */
1850 while (state < ST_END)
1854 case ST_GND: /* Ground state (no escapes) */
1859 state = ST_END; /* End of string */
1862 state = ST_BACKSLASH; /* Backslash scape sequence */
1866 state = ST_CARET; /* Caret escape */
1872 state = ST_END; /* End */
1875 /* else fall through */
1883 case ST_BACKSLASH: /* Backslash escaped character */
1894 state = ST_OCTAL; /* Octal sequence */
1899 state = ST_HEX; /* Hex sequence */
1902 case 'a': /* Bell */
1903 num = 7; /* Not all C compilers know what \a means */
1905 case 'b': /* Backspace */
1908 case 'e': /* Escape */
1911 case 'f': /* Form feed */
1914 case 'n': /* Newline */
1917 case 'r': /* Carriage return */
1923 case 'v': /* Vtab */
1926 case '?': /* Delete */
1929 case '_': /* Space */
1932 case '\0': /* End of string */
1933 state = ST_ERROR; /* Error! */
1935 default: /* Escaped character like \ ^ : = */
1939 if (state == ST_BACKSLASH)
1948 case ST_OCTAL: /* Octal sequence */
1949 if (*p < '0' || *p > '7')
1956 num = (num << 3) + (*(p++) - '0');
1959 case ST_HEX: /* Hex sequence */
1972 num = (num << 4) + (*(p++) - '0');
1980 num = (num << 4) + (*(p++) - 'a') + 10;
1988 num = (num << 4) + (*(p++) - 'A') + 10;
1998 case ST_CARET: /* Caret escape */
1999 state = ST_GND; /* Should be the next state... */
2000 if (*p >= '@' && *p <= '~')
2002 *(q++) = *(p++) & 037;
2021 *output_count = count;
2023 return state != ST_ERROR;
2027 parse_ls_color (void)
2029 const char *p; /* Pointer to character being parsed */
2030 char *buf; /* color_buf buffer pointer */
2031 int state; /* State of parser */
2032 int ind_no; /* Indicator number */
2033 char label[3]; /* Indicator label */
2034 struct color_ext_type *ext; /* Extension we are working on */
2036 if ((p = getenv ("LS_COLORS")) == NULL || *p == '\0')
2040 strcpy (label, "??");
2042 /* This is an overly conservative estimate, but any possible
2043 LS_COLORS string will *not* generate a color_buf longer than
2044 itself, so it is a safe way of allocating a buffer in
2046 buf = color_buf = xstrdup (p);
2053 case 1: /* First label character */
2061 /* Allocate new extension block and add to head of
2062 linked list (this way a later definition will
2063 override an earlier one, which can be useful for
2064 having terminal-specific defs override global). */
2066 ext = xmalloc (sizeof *ext);
2067 ext->next = color_ext_list;
2068 color_ext_list = ext;
2071 ext->ext.string = buf;
2073 state = (get_funky_string (&buf, &p, true, &ext->ext.len)
2078 state = 0; /* Done! */
2081 default: /* Assume it is file type label */
2088 case 2: /* Second label character */
2095 state = -1; /* Error */
2098 case 3: /* Equal sign after indicator label */
2099 state = -1; /* Assume failure... */
2100 if (*(p++) == '=')/* It *should* be... */
2102 for (ind_no = 0; indicator_name[ind_no] != NULL; ++ind_no)
2104 if (STREQ (label, indicator_name[ind_no]))
2106 color_indicator[ind_no].string = buf;
2107 state = (get_funky_string (&buf, &p, false,
2108 &color_indicator[ind_no].len)
2114 error (0, 0, _("unrecognized prefix: %s"), quotearg (label));
2118 case 4: /* Equal sign after *.ext */
2121 ext->seq.string = buf;
2122 state = (get_funky_string (&buf, &p, false, &ext->seq.len)
2133 struct color_ext_type *e;
2134 struct color_ext_type *e2;
2137 _("unparsable value for LS_COLORS environment variable"));
2139 for (e = color_ext_list; e != NULL; /* empty */)
2145 print_with_color = false;
2148 if (color_indicator[C_LINK].len == 6
2149 && !strncmp (color_indicator[C_LINK].string, "target", 6))
2150 color_symlink_as_referent = true;
2153 /* Request that the directory named NAME have its contents listed later.
2154 If REALNAME is nonzero, it will be used instead of NAME when the
2155 directory name is printed. This allows symbolic links to directories
2156 to be treated as regular directories but still be listed under their
2157 real names. NAME == NULL is used to insert a marker entry for the
2158 directory named in REALNAME.
2159 If F is non-NULL, we use its dev/ino information to save
2160 a call to stat -- when doing a recursive (-R) traversal. */
2163 queue_directory (const char *name, const char *realname)
2165 struct pending *new;
2167 new = xmalloc (sizeof *new);
2168 new->realname = realname ? xstrdup (realname) : NULL;
2169 new->name = name ? xstrdup (name) : NULL;
2170 new->next = pending_dirs;
2174 /* Read directory `name', and list the files in it.
2175 If `realname' is nonzero, print its name instead of `name';
2176 this is used for symbolic links to directories. */
2179 print_dir (const char *name, const char *realname)
2182 register struct dirent *next;
2183 register uintmax_t total_blocks = 0;
2184 static bool first = true;
2187 dirp = opendir (name);
2190 error (0, errno, "%s", quotearg_colon (name));
2191 exit_status = EXIT_FAILURE;
2197 struct stat dir_stat;
2198 int fd = dirfd (dirp);
2200 /* If dirfd failed, endure the overhead of using stat. */
2202 ? fstat (fd, &dir_stat)
2203 : stat (name, &dir_stat)) < 0)
2205 error (0, errno, _("cannot determine device and inode of %s"),
2206 quotearg_colon (name));
2207 exit_status = EXIT_FAILURE;
2211 /* If we've already visited this dev/inode pair, warn that
2212 we've found a loop, and do not process this directory. */
2213 if (visit_dir (dir_stat.st_dev, dir_stat.st_ino))
2215 error (0, 0, _("not listing already-listed directory: %s"),
2216 quotearg_colon (name));
2220 DEV_INO_PUSH (dir_stat.st_dev, dir_stat.st_ino);
2223 /* Read the directory entries, and insert the subfiles into the `files'
2230 /* Set errno to zero so we can distinguish between a readdir failure
2231 and when readdir simply finds that there are no more entries. */
2233 if ((next = readdir (dirp)) == NULL)
2237 /* Save/restore errno across closedir call. */
2242 /* Arrange to give a diagnostic after exiting this loop. */
2248 if (file_interesting (next))
2250 enum filetype type = unknown;
2252 #if HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_TYPE
2253 if (next->d_type == DT_BLK
2254 || next->d_type == DT_CHR
2255 || next->d_type == DT_DIR
2256 || next->d_type == DT_FIFO
2257 || next->d_type == DT_LNK
2258 || next->d_type == DT_REG
2259 || next->d_type == DT_SOCK)
2260 type = next->d_type;
2262 total_blocks += gobble_file (next->d_name, type, false, name);
2266 if (dirp == NULL || CLOSEDIR (dirp))
2268 error (0, errno, _("reading directory %s"), quotearg_colon (name));
2269 exit_status = EXIT_FAILURE;
2270 /* Don't return; print whatever we got. */
2273 /* Sort the directory contents. */
2276 /* If any member files are subdirectories, perhaps they should have their
2277 contents listed rather than being mentioned here as files. */
2280 extract_dirs_from_files (name, true);
2282 if (recursive | print_dir_name)
2285 DIRED_PUTCHAR ('\n');
2288 PUSH_CURRENT_DIRED_POS (&subdired_obstack);
2289 dired_pos += quote_name (stdout, realname ? realname : name,
2290 dirname_quoting_options, NULL);
2291 PUSH_CURRENT_DIRED_POS (&subdired_obstack);
2292 DIRED_FPUTS_LITERAL (":\n", stdout);
2295 if (format == long_format || print_block_size)
2298 char buf[LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1];
2302 DIRED_FPUTS (p, stdout, strlen (p));
2303 DIRED_PUTCHAR (' ');
2304 p = human_readable (total_blocks, buf, human_output_opts,
2305 ST_NBLOCKSIZE, output_block_size);
2306 DIRED_FPUTS (p, stdout, strlen (p));
2307 DIRED_PUTCHAR ('\n');
2311 print_current_files ();
2314 /* Add `pattern' to the list of patterns for which files that match are
2318 add_ignore_pattern (const char *pattern)
2320 register struct ignore_pattern *ignore;
2322 ignore = xmalloc (sizeof *ignore);
2323 ignore->pattern = pattern;
2324 /* Add it to the head of the linked list. */
2325 ignore->next = ignore_patterns;
2326 ignore_patterns = ignore;
2329 /* Return true if the file in `next' should be listed. */
2332 file_interesting (const struct dirent *next)
2334 register struct ignore_pattern *ignore;
2336 for (ignore = ignore_patterns; ignore; ignore = ignore->next)
2337 if (fnmatch (ignore->pattern, next->d_name, FNM_PERIOD) == 0)
2340 if (really_all_files
2341 || next->d_name[0] != '.'
2343 && next->d_name[1] != '\0'
2344 && (next->d_name[1] != '.' || next->d_name[2] != '\0')))
2350 /* POSIX requires that a file size be printed without a sign, even
2351 when negative. Assume the typical case where negative sizes are
2352 actually positive values that have wrapped around. */
2355 unsigned_file_size (off_t size)
2357 return size + (size < 0) * ((uintmax_t) OFF_T_MAX - OFF_T_MIN + 1);
2360 /* Enter and remove entries in the table `files'. */
2362 /* Empty the table of files. */
2369 for (i = 0; i < files_index; i++)
2371 free (files[i].name);
2372 if (files[i].linkname)
2373 free (files[i].linkname);
2377 inode_number_width = 0;
2378 block_size_width = 0;
2383 major_device_number_width = 0;
2384 minor_device_number_width = 0;
2385 file_size_width = 0;
2388 /* Add a file to the current table of files.
2389 Verify that the file exists, and print an error message if it does not.
2390 Return the number of blocks that the file occupies. */
2393 gobble_file (const char *name, enum filetype type, bool explicit_arg,
2394 const char *dirname)
2396 register uintmax_t blocks;
2397 register char *path;
2398 register struct fileinfo *f;
2400 if (files_index == nfiles)
2402 files = xnrealloc (files, nfiles, 2 * sizeof *files);
2406 f = &files[files_index];
2412 || format_needs_stat
2413 || (format_needs_type
2416 /* FIXME: remove this disjunct.
2417 I don't think we care about symlinks here, but for now
2418 this won't make a big performance difference. */
2419 || type == symbolic_link
2421 /* --indicator-style=classify (aka -F)
2422 requires that we stat each regular file
2423 to see if it's executable. */
2424 || (type == normal && (indicator_style == classify
2425 /* This is so that --color ends up
2426 highlighting files with the executable
2427 bit set even when options like -F are
2429 || print_with_color)))))
2432 /* `path' is the absolute pathname of this file. */
2435 if (name[0] == '/' || dirname[0] == 0)
2436 path = (char *) name;
2439 path = alloca (strlen (name) + strlen (dirname) + 2);
2440 attach (path, dirname, name);
2443 switch (dereference)
2446 err = stat (path, &f->stat);
2449 case DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENTS:
2450 case DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR:
2454 err = stat (path, &f->stat);
2456 if (dereference == DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENTS)
2459 need_lstat = (err < 0
2461 : ! S_ISDIR (f->stat.st_mode));
2465 /* stat failed because of ENOENT, maybe indicating a dangling
2466 symlink. Or stat succeeded, PATH does not refer to a
2467 directory, and --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir is
2468 in effect. Fall through so that we call lstat instead. */
2471 default: /* DEREF_NEVER */
2472 err = lstat (path, &f->stat);
2478 error (0, errno, "%s", quotearg_colon (path));
2479 exit_status = EXIT_FAILURE;
2484 if (format == long_format)
2486 int n = file_has_acl (path, &f->stat);
2487 f->have_acl = (0 < n);
2489 error (0, errno, "%s", quotearg_colon (path));
2493 if (S_ISLNK (f->stat.st_mode)
2494 && (format == long_format || check_symlink_color))
2497 struct stat linkstats;
2499 get_link_name (path, f);
2500 linkpath = make_link_path (path, f->linkname);
2502 /* Avoid following symbolic links when possible, ie, when
2503 they won't be traced and when no indicator is needed. */
2505 && (indicator_style != none || check_symlink_color)
2506 && stat (linkpath, &linkstats) == 0)
2510 /* Symbolic links to directories that are mentioned on the
2511 command line are automatically traced if not being
2513 if (!explicit_arg || format == long_format
2514 || !S_ISDIR (linkstats.st_mode))
2516 /* Get the linked-to file's mode for the filetype indicator
2517 in long listings. */
2518 f->linkmode = linkstats.st_mode;
2526 if (S_ISLNK (f->stat.st_mode))
2527 f->filetype = symbolic_link;
2528 else if (S_ISDIR (f->stat.st_mode))
2530 if (explicit_arg & !immediate_dirs)
2531 f->filetype = arg_directory;
2533 f->filetype = directory;
2536 f->filetype = normal;
2539 char buf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
2540 int len = strlen (umaxtostr (f->stat.st_ino, buf));
2541 if (inode_number_width < len)
2542 inode_number_width = len;
2545 blocks = ST_NBLOCKS (f->stat);
2547 char buf[LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1];
2548 int len = strlen (human_readable (blocks, buf, human_output_opts,
2549 ST_NBLOCKSIZE, output_block_size));
2550 if (block_size_width < len)
2551 block_size_width = len;
2556 int len = format_user_width (f->stat.st_uid);
2557 if (owner_width < len)
2563 int len = format_group_width (f->stat.st_gid);
2564 if (group_width < len)
2570 int len = format_user_width (f->stat.st_uid);
2571 if (author_width < len)
2576 char buf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
2577 int len = strlen (umaxtostr (f->stat.st_nlink, buf));
2578 if (nlink_width < len)
2582 if (S_ISCHR (f->stat.st_mode) || S_ISBLK (f->stat.st_mode))
2584 char buf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
2585 int len = strlen (umaxtostr (major (f->stat.st_rdev), buf));
2586 if (major_device_number_width < len)
2587 major_device_number_width = len;
2588 len = strlen (umaxtostr (minor (f->stat.st_rdev), buf));
2589 if (minor_device_number_width < len)
2590 minor_device_number_width = len;
2591 len = major_device_number_width + 2 + minor_device_number_width;
2592 if (file_size_width < len)
2593 file_size_width = len;
2597 char buf[LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1];
2598 uintmax_t size = unsigned_file_size (f->stat.st_size);
2599 int len = strlen (human_readable (size, buf, human_output_opts,
2600 1, file_output_block_size));
2601 if (file_size_width < len)
2602 file_size_width = len;
2608 #if HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_TYPE
2609 f->stat.st_mode = DTTOIF (type);
2614 f->name = xstrdup (name);
2622 /* Put the name of the file that `filename' is a symbolic link to
2623 into the `linkname' field of `f'. */
2626 get_link_name (const char *filename, struct fileinfo *f)
2628 f->linkname = xreadlink (filename, f->stat.st_size);
2629 if (f->linkname == NULL)
2631 error (0, errno, _("cannot read symbolic link %s"),
2632 quotearg_colon (filename));
2633 exit_status = EXIT_FAILURE;
2637 /* If `linkname' is a relative path and `path' contains one or more
2638 leading directories, return `linkname' with those directories
2639 prepended; otherwise, return a copy of `linkname'.
2640 If `linkname' is zero, return zero. */
2643 make_link_path (const char *path, const char *linkname)
2651 if (*linkname == '/')
2652 return xstrdup (linkname);
2654 /* The link is to a relative path. Prepend any leading path
2655 in `path' to the link name. */
2656 linkbuf = strrchr (path, '/');
2658 return xstrdup (linkname);
2660 bufsiz = linkbuf - path + 1;
2661 linkbuf = xmalloc (bufsiz + strlen (linkname) + 1);
2662 strncpy (linkbuf, path, bufsiz);
2663 strcpy (linkbuf + bufsiz, linkname);
2668 /* Return true if base_name (NAME) ends in `.' or `..'
2669 This is so we don't try to recurse on `././././. ...' */
2672 basename_is_dot_or_dotdot (const char *name)
2674 char const *base = base_name (name);
2675 return DOT_OR_DOTDOT (base);
2678 /* Remove any entries from `files' that are for directories,
2679 and queue them to be listed as directories instead.
2680 `dirname' is the prefix to prepend to each dirname
2681 to make it correct relative to ls's working dir.
2682 If IGNORE_DOT_AND_DOT_DOT don't treat `.' and `..' as dirs.
2683 This is desirable when processing directories recursively. */
2686 extract_dirs_from_files (const char *dirname, bool ignore_dot_and_dot_dot)
2691 if (*dirname && LOOP_DETECT)
2693 /* Insert a marker entry first. When we dequeue this marker entry,
2694 we'll know that DIRNAME has been processed and may be removed
2695 from the set of active directories. */
2696 queue_directory (NULL, dirname);
2699 /* Queue the directories last one first, because queueing reverses the
2701 for (i = files_index; i-- != 0; )
2702 if ((files[i].filetype == directory || files[i].filetype == arg_directory)
2703 && (!ignore_dot_and_dot_dot
2704 || !basename_is_dot_or_dotdot (files[i].name)))
2706 if (files[i].name[0] == '/' || dirname[0] == 0)
2708 queue_directory (files[i].name, files[i].linkname);
2712 char *path = path_concat (dirname, files[i].name, NULL);
2713 queue_directory (path, files[i].linkname);
2716 if (files[i].filetype == arg_directory)
2717 free (files[i].name);
2720 /* Now delete the directories from the table, compacting all the remaining
2723 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < files_index; i++)
2725 if (files[i].filetype != arg_directory)
2728 files[j] = files[i];
2735 /* Use strcoll to compare strings in this locale. If an error occurs,
2736 report an error and longjmp to failed_strcoll. */
2738 static jmp_buf failed_strcoll;
2741 xstrcoll (char const *a, char const *b)
2745 diff = strcoll (a, b);
2748 error (0, errno, _("cannot compare file names %s and %s"),
2749 quote_n (0, a), quote_n (1, b));
2750 exit_status = EXIT_FAILURE;
2751 longjmp (failed_strcoll, 1);
2756 /* Comparison routines for sorting the files. */
2758 typedef void const *V;
2761 cmp_ctime (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2762 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2764 int diff = CTIME_CMP (b->stat, a->stat);
2765 return diff ? diff : cmp (a->name, b->name);
2767 static int compare_ctime (V a, V b) { return cmp_ctime (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2768 static int compstr_ctime (V a, V b) { return cmp_ctime (a, b, strcmp); }
2769 static int rev_cmp_ctime (V a, V b) { return compare_ctime (b, a); }
2770 static int rev_str_ctime (V a, V b) { return compstr_ctime (b, a); }
2773 cmp_mtime (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2774 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2776 int diff = MTIME_CMP (b->stat, a->stat);
2777 return diff ? diff : cmp (a->name, b->name);
2779 static int compare_mtime (V a, V b) { return cmp_mtime (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2780 static int compstr_mtime (V a, V b) { return cmp_mtime (a, b, strcmp); }
2781 static int rev_cmp_mtime (V a, V b) { return compare_mtime (b, a); }
2782 static int rev_str_mtime (V a, V b) { return compstr_mtime (b, a); }
2785 cmp_atime (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2786 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2788 int diff = ATIME_CMP (b->stat, a->stat);
2789 return diff ? diff : cmp (a->name, b->name);
2791 static int compare_atime (V a, V b) { return cmp_atime (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2792 static int compstr_atime (V a, V b) { return cmp_atime (a, b, strcmp); }
2793 static int rev_cmp_atime (V a, V b) { return compare_atime (b, a); }
2794 static int rev_str_atime (V a, V b) { return compstr_atime (b, a); }
2797 cmp_size (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2798 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2800 int diff = longdiff (b->stat.st_size, a->stat.st_size);
2801 return diff ? diff : cmp (a->name, b->name);
2803 static int compare_size (V a, V b) { return cmp_size (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2804 static int compstr_size (V a, V b) { return cmp_size (a, b, strcmp); }
2805 static int rev_cmp_size (V a, V b) { return compare_size (b, a); }
2806 static int rev_str_size (V a, V b) { return compstr_size (b, a); }
2809 cmp_version (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b)
2811 return strverscmp (a->name, b->name);
2813 static int compare_version (V a, V b) { return cmp_version (a, b); }
2814 static int rev_cmp_version (V a, V b) { return compare_version (b, a); }
2817 cmp_name (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2818 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2820 return cmp (a->name, b->name);
2822 static int compare_name (V a, V b) { return cmp_name (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2823 static int compstr_name (V a, V b) { return cmp_name (a, b, strcmp); }
2824 static int rev_cmp_name (V a, V b) { return compare_name (b, a); }
2825 static int rev_str_name (V a, V b) { return compstr_name (b, a); }
2827 /* Compare file extensions. Files with no extension are `smallest'.
2828 If extensions are the same, compare by filenames instead. */
2831 cmp_extension (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2832 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2834 char const *base1 = strrchr (a->name, '.');
2835 char const *base2 = strrchr (b->name, '.');
2836 int diff = cmp (base1 ? base1 : "", base2 ? base2 : "");
2837 return diff ? diff : cmp (a->name, b->name);
2839 static int compare_extension (V a, V b) { return cmp_extension (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2840 static int compstr_extension (V a, V b) { return cmp_extension (a, b, strcmp); }
2841 static int rev_cmp_extension (V a, V b) { return compare_extension (b, a); }
2842 static int rev_str_extension (V a, V b) { return compstr_extension (b, a); }
2844 /* Sort the files now in the table. */
2849 /* `func' must be `volatile', so it can't be
2850 clobbered by a `longjmp' into this function. */
2851 int (* volatile func) (V, V);
2861 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_ctime : compare_ctime;
2864 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_mtime : compare_mtime;
2867 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_atime : compare_atime;
2874 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_name : compare_name;
2876 case sort_extension:
2877 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_extension : compare_extension;
2880 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_size : compare_size;
2883 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_version : compare_version;
2889 /* Try strcoll. If it fails, fall back on strcmp. We can't safely
2890 ignore strcoll failures, as a failing strcoll might be a
2891 comparison function that is not a total order, and if we ignored
2892 the failure this might cause qsort to dump core. */
2894 if (setjmp (failed_strcoll))
2902 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_ctime : compstr_ctime;
2905 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_mtime : compstr_mtime;
2908 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_atime : compstr_atime;
2915 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_name : compstr_name;
2917 case sort_extension:
2918 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_extension : compstr_extension;
2921 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_size : compstr_size;
2928 qsort (files, files_index, sizeof (struct fileinfo), func);
2931 /* List all the files now in the table. */
2934 print_current_files (void)
2941 for (i = 0; i < files_index; i++)
2943 print_file_name_and_frills (files + i);
2949 print_many_per_line ();
2953 print_horizontal ();
2957 print_with_commas ();
2961 for (i = 0; i < files_index; i++)
2963 print_long_format (files + i);
2964 DIRED_PUTCHAR ('\n');
2970 /* Return the expected number of columns in a long-format time stamp,
2971 or zero if it cannot be calculated. */
2974 long_time_expected_width (void)
2976 static int width = -1;
2981 struct tm const *tm = localtime (&epoch);
2982 char const *fmt = long_time_format[0];
2984 char *buf = initbuf;
2985 size_t bufsize = sizeof initbuf;
2991 len = nstrftime (buf, bufsize, fmt, tm, 0, 0);
2994 buf = alloca (bufsize *= 2);
2997 width = mbsnwidth (buf, len, 0);
3005 /* Get the current time. */
3008 get_current_time (void)
3010 #if HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME && defined CLOCK_REALTIME
3012 struct timespec timespec;
3013 if (clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, ×pec) == 0)
3015 current_time = timespec.tv_sec;
3016 current_time_ns = timespec.tv_nsec;
3022 /* The clock does not have nanosecond resolution, so get the maximum
3023 possible value for the current time that is consistent with the
3024 reported clock. That way, files are not considered to be in the
3025 future merely because their time stamps have higher resolution
3026 than the clock resolution. */
3028 #if HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY
3030 struct timeval timeval;
3031 if (gettimeofday (&timeval, NULL) == 0)
3033 current_time = timeval.tv_sec;
3034 current_time_ns = timeval.tv_usec * 1000 + 999;
3040 current_time = time (NULL);
3041 current_time_ns = 999999999;
3044 /* Print the user or group name NAME, with numeric id ID, using a
3045 print width of WIDTH columns. */
3048 format_user_or_group (char const *name, unsigned long int id, int width)
3054 /* The output column count may differ from the byte count.
3055 Adjust for this, but don't output garbage if integer overflow
3056 occurs during adjustment. */
3057 len = strlen (name);
3058 width -= mbswidth (name, 0);
3062 printf ("%-*s ", width, name);
3068 printf ("%*lu ", width, id);
3072 dired_pos += len + 1;
3075 /* Print the name or id of the user with id U, using a print width of
3079 format_user (uid_t u, int width)
3081 format_user_or_group (numeric_ids ? NULL : getuser (u), u, width);
3084 /* Likewise, for groups. */
3087 format_group (gid_t g, int width)
3089 format_user_or_group (numeric_ids ? NULL : getgroup (g), g, width);
3092 /* Return the number of columns that format_user_or_group will print. */
3095 format_user_or_group_width (char const *name, unsigned long int id)
3099 int len = mbswidth (name, 0);
3100 return MAX (0, len);
3104 char buf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (unsigned long int)];
3105 sprintf (buf, "%lu", id);
3106 return strlen (buf);
3110 /* Return the number of columns that format_user will print. */
3113 format_user_width (uid_t u)
3115 return format_user_or_group_width (numeric_ids ? NULL : getuser (u), u);
3118 /* Likewise, for groups. */
3121 format_group_width (gid_t g)
3123 return format_user_or_group_width (numeric_ids ? NULL : getgroup (g), g);
3127 /* Print information about F in long format. */
3130 print_long_format (const struct fileinfo *f)
3134 [LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1 /* inode */
3135 + LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1 /* size in blocks */
3136 + sizeof (modebuf) - 1 + 1 /* mode string */
3137 + INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t) /* st_nlink */
3138 + LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 2 /* major device number */
3139 + LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1 /* minor device number */
3140 + 35 + 1 /* usual length of time/date -- may be longer; see below */
3142 char *buf = init_bigbuf;
3143 size_t bufsize = sizeof (init_bigbuf);
3147 int when_ns IF_LINT (= 0);
3148 struct tm *when_local;
3150 /* Compute mode string. On most systems, it's based on st_mode.
3151 On systems with migration (via the stat.st_dm_mode field), use
3152 the file's migrated status. */
3153 mode_string (ST_DM_MODE (f->stat), modebuf);
3155 modebuf[10] = (FILE_HAS_ACL (f) ? '+' : ' ');
3161 when = f->stat.st_ctime;
3162 when_ns = TIMESPEC_NS (f->stat.st_ctim);
3165 when = f->stat.st_mtime;
3166 when_ns = TIMESPEC_NS (f->stat.st_mtim);
3169 when = f->stat.st_atime;
3170 when_ns = TIMESPEC_NS (f->stat.st_atim);
3178 char hbuf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
3179 sprintf (p, "%*s ", inode_number_width,
3180 umaxtostr (f->stat.st_ino, hbuf));
3181 p += inode_number_width + 1;
3184 if (print_block_size)
3186 char hbuf[LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1];
3187 sprintf (p, "%*s ", block_size_width,
3188 human_readable (ST_NBLOCKS (f->stat), hbuf, human_output_opts,
3189 ST_NBLOCKSIZE, output_block_size));
3190 p += block_size_width + 1;
3193 /* The last byte of the mode string is the POSIX
3194 "optional alternate access method flag". */
3196 char hbuf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
3197 sprintf (p, "%s %*s ", modebuf, nlink_width,
3198 umaxtostr (f->stat.st_nlink, hbuf));
3200 p += sizeof modebuf + nlink_width + 1;
3204 if (print_owner | print_group | print_author)
3206 DIRED_FPUTS (buf, stdout, p - buf);
3209 format_user (f->stat.st_uid, owner_width);
3212 format_group (f->stat.st_gid, group_width);
3215 format_user (f->stat.st_author, author_width);
3220 if (S_ISCHR (f->stat.st_mode) || S_ISBLK (f->stat.st_mode))
3222 char majorbuf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
3223 char minorbuf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
3224 int blanks_width = (file_size_width
3225 - (major_device_number_width + 2
3226 + minor_device_number_width));
3227 sprintf (p, "%*s, %*s ",
3228 major_device_number_width + MAX (0, blanks_width),
3229 umaxtostr (major (f->stat.st_rdev), majorbuf),
3230 minor_device_number_width,
3231 umaxtostr (minor (f->stat.st_rdev), minorbuf));
3235 char hbuf[LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1];
3236 uintmax_t size = unsigned_file_size (f->stat.st_size);
3237 sprintf (p, "%*s ", file_size_width,
3238 human_readable (size, hbuf, human_output_opts,
3239 1, file_output_block_size));
3242 p += file_size_width + 1;
3244 if ((when_local = localtime (&when)))
3246 time_t six_months_ago;
3250 /* If the file appears to be in the future, update the current
3251 time, in case the file happens to have been modified since
3252 the last time we checked the clock. */
3253 if (current_time < when
3254 || (current_time == when && current_time_ns < when_ns))
3256 /* Note that get_current_time calls gettimeofday which, on some non-
3257 compliant systems, clobbers the buffer used for localtime's result.
3258 But it's ok here, because we use a gettimeofday wrapper that
3259 saves and restores the buffer around the gettimeofday call. */
3260 get_current_time ();
3263 /* Consider a time to be recent if it is within the past six
3264 months. A Gregorian year has 365.2425 * 24 * 60 * 60 ==
3265 31556952 seconds on the average. Write this value as an
3266 integer constant to avoid floating point hassles. */
3267 six_months_ago = current_time - 31556952 / 2;
3268 recent = (six_months_ago <= when
3269 && (when < current_time
3270 || (when == current_time && when_ns <= current_time_ns)));
3271 fmt = long_time_format[recent];
3277 s = nstrftime (p, buf + bufsize - p - 1, fmt,
3278 when_local, 0, when_ns);
3281 newbuf = alloca (bufsize *= 2);
3282 memcpy (newbuf, buf, p - buf);
3283 p = newbuf + (p - buf);
3290 /* NUL-terminate the string -- fputs (via DIRED_FPUTS) requires it. */
3295 /* The time cannot be represented as a local time;
3296 print it as a huge integer number of seconds. */
3297 char hbuf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (intmax_t)];
3298 sprintf (p, "%*s ", long_time_expected_width (),
3299 (TYPE_SIGNED (time_t)
3300 ? imaxtostr (when, hbuf)
3301 : umaxtostr (when, hbuf)));
3305 DIRED_FPUTS (buf, stdout, p - buf);
3306 print_name_with_quoting (f->name, FILE_OR_LINK_MODE (f), f->linkok,
3309 if (f->filetype == symbolic_link)
3313 DIRED_FPUTS_LITERAL (" -> ", stdout);
3314 print_name_with_quoting (f->linkname, f->linkmode, f->linkok - 1,
3316 if (indicator_style != none)
3317 print_type_indicator (f->linkmode);
3320 else if (indicator_style != none)
3321 print_type_indicator (f->stat.st_mode);
3324 /* Output to OUT a quoted representation of the file name NAME,
3325 using OPTIONS to control quoting. Produce no output if OUT is NULL.
3326 Store the number of screen columns occupied by NAME's quoted
3327 representation into WIDTH, if non-NULL. Return the number of bytes
3331 quote_name (FILE *out, const char *name, struct quoting_options const *options,
3334 char smallbuf[BUFSIZ];
3335 size_t len = quotearg_buffer (smallbuf, sizeof smallbuf, name, -1, options);
3337 size_t displayed_width IF_LINT (= 0);
3339 if (len < sizeof smallbuf)
3343 buf = alloca (len + 1);
3344 quotearg_buffer (buf, len + 1, name, -1, options);
3347 if (qmark_funny_chars)
3352 char const *p = buf;
3353 char const *plimit = buf + len;
3355 displayed_width = 0;
3360 case ' ': case '!': case '"': case '#': case '%':
3361 case '&': case '\'': case '(': case ')': case '*':
3362 case '+': case ',': case '-': case '.': case '/':
3363 case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
3364 case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
3365 case ':': case ';': case '<': case '=': case '>':
3367 case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E':
3368 case 'F': case 'G': case 'H': case 'I': case 'J':
3369 case 'K': case 'L': case 'M': case 'N': case 'O':
3370 case 'P': case 'Q': case 'R': case 'S': case 'T':
3371 case 'U': case 'V': case 'W': case 'X': case 'Y':
3373 case '[': case '\\': case ']': case '^': case '_':
3374 case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e':
3375 case 'f': case 'g': case 'h': case 'i': case 'j':
3376 case 'k': case 'l': case 'm': case 'n': case 'o':
3377 case 'p': case 'q': case 'r': case 's': case 't':
3378 case 'u': case 'v': case 'w': case 'x': case 'y':
3379 case 'z': case '{': case '|': case '}': case '~':
3380 /* These characters are printable ASCII characters. */
3382 displayed_width += 1;
3385 /* If we have a multibyte sequence, copy it until we
3386 reach its end, replacing each non-printable multibyte
3387 character with a single question mark. */
3390 memset (&mbstate, 0, sizeof mbstate);
3397 bytes = mbrtowc (&wc, p, plimit - p, &mbstate);
3399 if (bytes == (size_t) -1)
3401 /* An invalid multibyte sequence was
3402 encountered. Skip one input byte, and
3403 put a question mark. */
3406 displayed_width += 1;
3410 if (bytes == (size_t) -2)
3412 /* An incomplete multibyte character
3413 at the end. Replace it entirely with
3417 displayed_width += 1;
3422 /* A null wide character was encountered. */
3428 /* A printable multibyte character.
3430 for (; bytes > 0; --bytes)
3432 displayed_width += w;
3436 /* An unprintable multibyte character.
3437 Replace it entirely with a question
3441 displayed_width += 1;
3444 while (! mbsinit (&mbstate));
3449 /* The buffer may have shrunk. */
3456 char const *plimit = buf + len;
3460 if (! ISPRINT (to_uchar (*p)))
3464 displayed_width = len;
3467 else if (width != NULL)
3471 displayed_width = mbsnwidth (buf, len, 0);
3475 char const *p = buf;
3476 char const *plimit = buf + len;
3478 displayed_width = 0;
3481 if (ISPRINT (to_uchar (*p)))
3489 fwrite (buf, 1, len, out);
3491 *width = displayed_width;
3496 print_name_with_quoting (const char *p, mode_t mode, int linkok,
3497 struct obstack *stack)
3499 if (print_with_color)
3500 print_color_indicator (p, mode, linkok);
3503 PUSH_CURRENT_DIRED_POS (stack);
3505 dired_pos += quote_name (stdout, p, filename_quoting_options, NULL);
3508 PUSH_CURRENT_DIRED_POS (stack);
3510 if (print_with_color)
3513 prep_non_filename_text ();
3518 prep_non_filename_text (void)
3520 if (color_indicator[C_END].string != NULL)
3521 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_END]);
3524 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_LEFT]);
3525 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_NORM]);
3526 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_RIGHT]);
3530 /* Print the file name of `f' with appropriate quoting.
3531 Also print file size, inode number, and filetype indicator character,
3532 as requested by switches. */
3535 print_file_name_and_frills (const struct fileinfo *f)
3537 char buf[MAX (LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1, INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t))];
3540 printf ("%*s ", format == with_commas ? 0 : inode_number_width,
3541 umaxtostr (f->stat.st_ino, buf));
3543 if (print_block_size)
3544 printf ("%*s ", format == with_commas ? 0 : block_size_width,
3545 human_readable (ST_NBLOCKS (f->stat), buf, human_output_opts,
3546 ST_NBLOCKSIZE, output_block_size));
3548 print_name_with_quoting (f->name, FILE_OR_LINK_MODE (f), f->linkok, NULL);
3550 if (indicator_style != none)
3551 print_type_indicator (f->stat.st_mode);
3555 print_type_indicator (mode_t mode)
3561 if (indicator_style == classify && (mode & S_IXUGO))
3570 else if (S_ISLNK (mode))
3572 else if (S_ISFIFO (mode))
3574 else if (S_ISSOCK (mode))
3576 else if (S_ISDOOR (mode))
3587 print_color_indicator (const char *name, mode_t mode, int linkok)
3590 struct color_ext_type *ext; /* Color extension */
3591 size_t len; /* Length of name */
3593 /* Is this a nonexistent file? If so, linkok == -1. */
3595 if (linkok == -1 && color_indicator[C_MISSING].string != NULL)
3604 else if (S_ISLNK (mode))
3605 type = ((!linkok && color_indicator[C_ORPHAN].string)
3606 ? C_ORPHAN : C_LINK);
3607 else if (S_ISFIFO (mode))
3609 else if (S_ISSOCK (mode))
3611 else if (S_ISBLK (mode))
3613 else if (S_ISCHR (mode))
3615 else if (S_ISDOOR (mode))
3618 if (type == C_FILE && (mode & S_IXUGO) != 0)
3621 /* Check the file's suffix only if still classified as C_FILE. */
3625 /* Test if NAME has a recognized suffix. */
3627 len = strlen (name);
3628 name += len; /* Pointer to final \0. */
3629 for (ext = color_ext_list; ext != NULL; ext = ext->next)
3631 if (ext->ext.len <= len
3632 && strncmp (name - ext->ext.len, ext->ext.string,
3639 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_LEFT]);
3640 put_indicator (ext ? &(ext->seq) : &color_indicator[type]);
3641 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_RIGHT]);
3644 /* Output a color indicator (which may contain nulls). */
3646 put_indicator (const struct bin_str *ind)
3649 register const char *p;
3653 for (i = ind->len; i != 0; --i)
3658 length_of_file_name_and_frills (const struct fileinfo *f)
3660 register size_t len = 0;
3662 char buf[MAX (LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1, INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t))];
3665 len += 1 + (format == with_commas
3666 ? strlen (umaxtostr (f->stat.st_ino, buf))
3667 : inode_number_width);
3669 if (print_block_size)
3670 len += 1 + (format == with_commas
3671 ? strlen (human_readable (ST_NBLOCKS (f->stat), buf,
3672 human_output_opts, ST_NBLOCKSIZE,
3674 : block_size_width);
3676 quote_name (NULL, f->name, filename_quoting_options, &name_width);
3679 if (indicator_style != none)
3681 mode_t filetype = f->stat.st_mode;
3683 if (S_ISREG (filetype))
3685 if (indicator_style == classify
3686 && (f->stat.st_mode & S_IXUGO))
3689 else if (S_ISDIR (filetype)
3690 || S_ISLNK (filetype)
3691 || S_ISFIFO (filetype)
3692 || S_ISSOCK (filetype)
3693 || S_ISDOOR (filetype)
3702 print_many_per_line (void)
3704 size_t row; /* Current row. */
3705 size_t cols = calculate_columns (true);
3706 struct column_info const *line_fmt = &column_info[cols - 1];
3708 /* Calculate the number of rows that will be in each column except possibly
3709 for a short column on the right. */
3710 size_t rows = files_index / cols + (files_index % cols != 0);
3712 for (row = 0; row < rows; row++)
3715 size_t filesno = row;
3718 /* Print the next row. */
3721 size_t name_length = length_of_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3722 size_t max_name_length = line_fmt->col_arr[col++];
3723 print_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3726 if (filesno >= files_index)
3729 indent (pos + name_length, pos + max_name_length);
3730 pos += max_name_length;
3737 print_horizontal (void)
3741 size_t cols = calculate_columns (false);
3742 struct column_info const *line_fmt = &column_info[cols - 1];
3743 size_t name_length = length_of_file_name_and_frills (files);
3744 size_t max_name_length = line_fmt->col_arr[0];
3746 /* Print first entry. */
3747 print_file_name_and_frills (files);
3750 for (filesno = 1; filesno < files_index; ++filesno)
3752 size_t col = filesno % cols;
3761 indent (pos + name_length, pos + max_name_length);
3762 pos += max_name_length;
3765 print_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3767 name_length = length_of_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3768 max_name_length = line_fmt->col_arr[col];
3774 print_with_commas (void)
3779 for (filesno = 0; filesno < files_index; filesno++)
3781 size_t len = length_of_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3787 if (pos + len + 2 < line_length)
3799 putchar (separator);
3802 print_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3808 /* Assuming cursor is at position FROM, indent up to position TO.
3809 Use a TAB character instead of two or more spaces whenever possible. */
3812 indent (size_t from, size_t to)
3816 if (tabsize != 0 && to / tabsize > (from + 1) / tabsize)
3819 from += tabsize - from % tabsize;
3829 /* Put DIRNAME/NAME into DEST, handling `.' and `/' properly. */
3830 /* FIXME: maybe remove this function someday. See about using a
3831 non-malloc'ing version of path_concat. */
3834 attach (char *dest, const char *dirname, const char *name)
3836 const char *dirnamep = dirname;
3838 /* Copy dirname if it is not ".". */
3839 if (dirname[0] != '.' || dirname[1] != 0)
3842 *dest++ = *dirnamep++;
3843 /* Add '/' if `dirname' doesn't already end with it. */
3844 if (dirnamep > dirname && dirnamep[-1] != '/')
3852 /* Allocate enough column info suitable for the current number of
3853 files and display columns, and initialize the info to represent the
3854 narrowest possible columns. */
3857 init_column_info (void)
3860 size_t max_cols = MIN (max_idx, files_index);
3862 /* Currently allocated columns in column_info. */
3863 static size_t column_info_alloc;
3865 if (column_info_alloc < max_cols)
3867 size_t new_column_info_alloc;
3870 if (max_cols < max_idx / 2)
3872 /* The number of columns is far less than the display width
3873 allows. Grow the allocation, but only so that it's
3874 double the current requirements. If the display is
3875 extremely wide, this avoids allocating a lot of memory
3876 that is never needed. */
3877 column_info = xnrealloc (column_info, max_cols,
3878 2 * sizeof *column_info);
3879 new_column_info_alloc = 2 * max_cols;
3883 column_info = xnrealloc (column_info, max_idx, sizeof *column_info);
3884 new_column_info_alloc = max_idx;
3887 /* Allocate the new size_t objects by computing the triangle
3888 formula n * (n + 1) / 2, except that we don't need to
3889 allocate the part of the triangle that we've already
3890 allocated. Check for address arithmetic overflow. */
3892 size_t column_info_growth = new_column_info_alloc - column_info_alloc;
3893 size_t s = column_info_alloc + 1 + new_column_info_alloc;
3894 size_t t = s * column_info_growth;
3895 if (s < new_column_info_alloc || t / column_info_growth != s)
3897 p = xnmalloc (t / 2, sizeof *p);
3900 /* Grow the triangle by parceling out the cells just allocated. */
3901 for (i = column_info_alloc; i < new_column_info_alloc; i++)
3903 column_info[i].col_arr = p;
3907 column_info_alloc = new_column_info_alloc;
3910 for (i = 0; i < max_cols; ++i)
3914 column_info[i].valid_len = true;
3915 column_info[i].line_len = (i + 1) * MIN_COLUMN_WIDTH;
3916 for (j = 0; j <= i; ++j)
3917 column_info[i].col_arr[j] = MIN_COLUMN_WIDTH;
3921 /* Calculate the number of columns needed to represent the current set
3922 of files in the current display width. */
3925 calculate_columns (bool by_columns)
3927 size_t filesno; /* Index into files. */
3928 size_t cols; /* Number of files across. */
3930 /* Normally the maximum number of columns is determined by the
3931 screen width. But if few files are available this might limit it
3933 size_t max_cols = MIN (max_idx, files_index);
3935 init_column_info ();
3937 /* Compute the maximum number of possible columns. */
3938 for (filesno = 0; filesno < files_index; ++filesno)
3940 size_t name_length = length_of_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3943 for (i = 0; i < max_cols; ++i)
3945 if (column_info[i].valid_len)
3947 size_t idx = (by_columns
3948 ? filesno / ((files_index + i) / (i + 1))
3949 : filesno % (i + 1));
3950 size_t real_length = name_length + (idx == i ? 0 : 2);
3952 if (column_info[i].col_arr[idx] < real_length)
3954 column_info[i].line_len += (real_length
3955 - column_info[i].col_arr[idx]);
3956 column_info[i].col_arr[idx] = real_length;
3957 column_info[i].valid_len = (column_info[i].line_len
3964 /* Find maximum allowed columns. */
3965 for (cols = max_cols; 1 < cols; --cols)
3967 if (column_info[cols - 1].valid_len)
3977 if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
3978 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
3982 printf (_("Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n"), program_name);
3984 List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).\n\
3985 Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuSUX nor --sort.\n\
3989 Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n\
3992 -a, --all do not hide entries starting with .\n\
3993 -A, --almost-all do not list implied . and ..\n\
3994 --author print the author of each file\n\
3995 -b, --escape print octal escapes for nongraphic characters\n\
3998 --block-size=SIZE use SIZE-byte blocks\n\
3999 -B, --ignore-backups do not list implied entries ending with ~\n\
4000 -c with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last\n\
4001 modification of file status information)\n\
4002 with -l: show ctime and sort by name\n\
4003 otherwise: sort by ctime\n\
4006 -C list entries by columns\n\
4007 --color[=WHEN] control whether color is used to distinguish file\n\
4008 types. WHEN may be `never', `always', or `auto'\n\
4009 -d, --directory list directory entries instead of contents,\n\
4010 and do not dereference symbolic links\n\
4011 -D, --dired generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode\n\
4014 -f do not sort, enable -aU, disable -lst\n\
4015 -F, --classify append indicator (one of */=@|) to entries\n\
4016 --format=WORD across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l,\n\
4017 single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C\n\
4018 --full-time like -l --time-style=full-iso\n\
4021 -g like -l, but do not list owner\n\
4022 -G, --no-group inhibit display of group information\n\
4023 -h, --human-readable print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)\n\
4024 --si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024\n\
4025 -H, --dereference-command-line\n\
4026 follow symbolic links listed on the command line\n\
4027 --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir\n\
4028 follow each command line symbolic link\n\
4029 that points to a directory\n\
4032 --indicator-style=WORD append indicator with style WORD to entry names:\n\
4033 none (default), classify (-F), file-type (-p)\n\
4034 -i, --inode print index number of each file\n\
4035 -I, --ignore=PATTERN do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN\n\
4036 -k like --block-size=1K\n\
4039 -l use a long listing format\n\
4040 -L, --dereference when showing file information for a symbolic\n\
4041 link, show information for the file the link\n\
4042 references rather than for the link itself\n\
4043 -m fill width with a comma separated list of entries\n\
4046 -n, --numeric-uid-gid like -l, but list numeric UIDs and GIDs\n\
4047 -N, --literal print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control\n\
4048 characters specially)\n\
4049 -o like -l, but do not list group information\n\
4050 -p, --file-type append indicator (one of /=@|) to entries\n\
4053 -q, --hide-control-chars print ? instead of non graphic characters\n\
4054 --show-control-chars show non graphic characters as-is (default\n\
4055 unless program is `ls' and output is a terminal)\n\
4056 -Q, --quote-name enclose entry names in double quotes\n\
4057 --quoting-style=WORD use quoting style WORD for entry names:\n\
4058 literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape\n\
4061 -r, --reverse reverse order while sorting\n\
4062 -R, --recursive list subdirectories recursively\n\
4063 -s, --size print size of each file, in blocks\n\
4066 -S sort by file size\n\
4067 --sort=WORD extension -X, none -U, size -S, time -t,\n\
4069 status -c, time -t, atime -u, access -u, use -u\n\
4070 --time=WORD show time as WORD instead of modification time:\n\
4071 atime, access, use, ctime or status; use\n\
4072 specified time as sort key if --sort=time\n\
4075 --time-style=STYLE show times using style STYLE:\n\
4076 full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, +FORMAT\n\
4077 FORMAT is interpreted like `date'; if FORMAT is\n\
4078 FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, FORMAT1 applies to\n\
4079 non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files;\n\
4080 if STYLE is prefixed with `posix-', STYLE\n\
4081 takes effect only outside the POSIX locale\n\
4082 -t sort by modification time\n\
4083 -T, --tabsize=COLS assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8\n\
4086 -u with -lt: sort by, and show, access time\n\
4087 with -l: show access time and sort by name\n\
4088 otherwise: sort by access time\n\
4089 -U do not sort; list entries in directory order\n\
4090 -v sort by version\n\
4093 -w, --width=COLS assume screen width instead of current value\n\
4094 -x list entries by lines instead of by columns\n\
4095 -X sort alphabetically by entry extension\n\
4096 -1 list one file per line\n\
4098 fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
4099 fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
4101 SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following:\n\
4102 kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.\n\
4106 By default, color is not used to distinguish types of files. That is\n\
4107 equivalent to using --color=none. Using the --color option without the\n\
4108 optional WHEN argument is equivalent to using --color=always. With\n\
4109 --color=auto, color codes are output only if standard output is connected\n\
4110 to a terminal (tty).\n\
4112 printf (_("\nReport bugs to <%s>.\n"), PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);