1 /* `dir', `vdir' and `ls' directory listing programs for GNU.
2 Copyright (C) 85, 88, 90, 91, 1995-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */
18 /* If ls_mode is LS_MULTI_COL,
19 the multi-column format is the default regardless
20 of the type of output device.
21 This is for the `dir' program.
23 If ls_mode is LS_LONG_FORMAT,
24 the long format is the default regardless of the
25 type of output device.
26 This is for the `vdir' program.
29 the output format depends on whether the output
31 This is for the `ls' program. */
33 /* Written by Richard Stallman and David MacKenzie. */
35 /* Color support by Peter Anvin <Peter.Anvin@linux.org> and Dennis
36 Flaherty <dennisf@denix.elk.miles.com> based on original patches by
37 Greg Lee <lee@uhunix.uhcc.hawaii.edu>. */
40 #include <sys/types.h>
49 # include <sys/ioctl.h>
52 #ifdef WINSIZE_IN_PTEM
53 # include <sys/stream.h>
54 # include <sys/ptem.h>
65 /* Use SA_NOCLDSTOP as a proxy for whether the sigaction machinery is
68 # define SA_NOCLDSTOP 0
69 # define sigprocmask(How, Set, Oset) /* empty */
71 # if ! HAVE_SIGINTERRUPT
72 # define siginterrupt(sig, flag) /* empty */
76 /* Get mbstate_t, mbrtowc(), mbsinit(), wcwidth(). */
85 #if !defined iswprint && !HAVE_ISWPRINT
86 # define iswprint(wc) 1
89 #ifndef HAVE_DECL_WCWIDTH
90 "this configure-time declaration test was not run"
92 #if !HAVE_DECL_WCWIDTH
96 /* If wcwidth() doesn't exist, assume all printable characters have
100 # define wcwidth(wc) ((wc) == 0 ? 0 : iswprint (wc) ? 1 : -1)
108 #include "argmatch.h"
113 #include "filenamecat.h"
114 #include "hard-locale.h"
117 #include "filemode.h"
118 #include "inttostr.h"
121 #include "mbswidth.h"
124 #include "quotearg.h"
126 #include "stat-time.h"
127 #include "strftime.h"
128 #include "strverscmp.h"
130 #include "xreadlink.h"
132 #define PROGRAM_NAME (ls_mode == LS_LS ? "ls" \
133 : (ls_mode == LS_MULTI_COL \
136 #define AUTHORS "Richard Stallman", "David MacKenzie"
138 #define obstack_chunk_alloc malloc
139 #define obstack_chunk_free free
141 /* Return an int indicating the result of comparing two integers.
142 Subtracting doesn't always work, due to overflow. */
143 #define longdiff(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? -1 : (a) > (b))
145 #if HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_TYPE && defined DTTOIF
146 # define DT_INIT(Val) = Val
148 # define DT_INIT(Val) /* empty */
151 #if ! HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_AUTHOR
152 # define st_author st_uid
155 /* Cray/Unicos DMF: use the file's migrated, not real, status */
157 # define ST_DM_MODE(Stat_buf) ((Stat_buf).st_dm_mode)
159 # define ST_DM_MODE(Stat_buf) ((Stat_buf).st_mode)
164 unknown DT_INIT (DT_UNKNOWN),
165 fifo DT_INIT (DT_FIFO),
166 chardev DT_INIT (DT_CHR),
167 directory DT_INIT (DT_DIR),
168 blockdev DT_INIT (DT_BLK),
169 normal DT_INIT (DT_REG),
170 symbolic_link DT_INIT (DT_LNK),
171 sock DT_INIT (DT_SOCK),
172 arg_directory DT_INIT (2 * (DT_UNKNOWN | DT_FIFO | DT_CHR | DT_DIR | DT_BLK
173 | DT_REG | DT_LNK | DT_SOCK))
183 /* For symbolic link, name of the file linked to, otherwise zero. */
186 /* For symbolic link and long listing, st_mode of file linked to, otherwise
190 /* For symbolic link and color printing, true if linked-to file
191 exists, otherwise false. */
194 enum filetype filetype;
197 /* For long listings, true if the file has an access control list. */
203 # define FILE_HAS_ACL(F) ((F)->have_acl)
205 # define FILE_HAS_ACL(F) 0
208 #define LEN_STR_PAIR(s) sizeof (s) - 1, s
210 /* Null is a valid character in a color indicator (think about Epson
211 printers, for example) so we have to use a length/buffer string
216 size_t len; /* Number of bytes */
217 const char *string; /* Pointer to the same */
224 # define tcgetpgrp(Fd) 0
227 static size_t quote_name (FILE *out, const char *name,
228 struct quoting_options const *options,
230 static char *make_link_name (char const *name, char const *linkname);
231 static int decode_switches (int argc, char **argv);
232 static bool file_ignored (char const *name);
233 static uintmax_t gobble_file (char const *name, enum filetype type,
234 bool command_line_arg, char const *dirname);
235 static void print_color_indicator (const char *name, mode_t mode, int linkok);
236 static void put_indicator (const struct bin_str *ind);
237 static void add_ignore_pattern (const char *pattern);
238 static void attach (char *dest, const char *dirname, const char *name);
239 static void clear_files (void);
240 static void extract_dirs_from_files (char const *dirname,
241 bool command_line_arg);
242 static void get_link_name (char const *filename, struct fileinfo *f,
243 bool command_line_arg);
244 static void indent (size_t from, size_t to);
245 static size_t calculate_columns (bool by_columns);
246 static void print_current_files (void);
247 static void print_dir (char const *name, char const *realname,
248 bool command_line_arg);
249 static void print_file_name_and_frills (const struct fileinfo *f);
250 static void print_horizontal (void);
251 static int format_user_width (uid_t u);
252 static int format_group_width (gid_t g);
253 static void print_long_format (const struct fileinfo *f);
254 static void print_many_per_line (void);
255 static void print_name_with_quoting (const char *p, mode_t mode,
257 struct obstack *stack);
258 static void prep_non_filename_text (void);
259 static void print_type_indicator (mode_t mode);
260 static void print_with_commas (void);
261 static void queue_directory (char const *name, char const *realname,
262 bool command_line_arg);
263 static void sort_files (void);
264 static void parse_ls_color (void);
265 void usage (int status);
267 /* The name this program was run with. */
270 /* Initial size of hash table.
271 Most hierarchies are likely to be shallower than this. */
272 #define INITIAL_TABLE_SIZE 30
274 /* The set of `active' directories, from the current command-line argument
275 to the level in the hierarchy at which files are being listed.
276 A directory is represented by its device and inode numbers (struct dev_ino).
277 A directory is added to this set when ls begins listing it or its
278 entries, and it is removed from the set just after ls has finished
279 processing it. This set is used solely to detect loops, e.g., with
280 mkdir loop; cd loop; ln -s ../loop sub; ls -RL */
281 static Hash_table *active_dir_set;
283 #define LOOP_DETECT (!!active_dir_set)
285 /* The table of files in the current directory:
287 `files' points to a vector of `struct fileinfo', one per file.
288 `nfiles' is the number of elements space has been allocated for.
289 `files_index' is the number actually in use. */
291 /* Address of block containing the files that are described. */
292 static struct fileinfo *files; /* FIXME: rename this to e.g. cwd_file */
294 /* Length of block that `files' points to, measured in files. */
295 static size_t nfiles; /* FIXME: rename this to e.g. cwd_n_alloc */
297 /* Index of first unused in `files'. */
298 static size_t files_index; /* FIXME: rename this to e.g. cwd_n_used */
300 /* When true, in a color listing, color each symlink name according to the
301 type of file it points to. Otherwise, color them according to the `ln'
302 directive in LS_COLORS. Dangling (orphan) symlinks are treated specially,
303 regardless. This is set when `ln=target' appears in LS_COLORS. */
305 static bool color_symlink_as_referent;
307 /* mode of appropriate file for colorization */
308 #define FILE_OR_LINK_MODE(File) \
309 ((color_symlink_as_referent & (File)->linkok) \
310 ? (File)->linkmode : (File)->stat.st_mode)
313 /* Record of one pending directory waiting to be listed. */
318 /* If the directory is actually the file pointed to by a symbolic link we
319 were told to list, `realname' will contain the name of the symbolic
320 link, otherwise zero. */
322 bool command_line_arg;
323 struct pending *next;
326 static struct pending *pending_dirs;
328 /* Current time in seconds and nanoseconds since 1970, updated as
329 needed when deciding whether a file is recent. */
331 static time_t current_time = TYPE_MINIMUM (time_t);
332 static int current_time_ns = -1;
334 /* Whether any of the files has an ACL. This affects the width of the
338 static bool any_has_acl;
340 enum { any_has_acl = false };
343 /* The number of columns to use for columns containing inode numbers,
344 block sizes, link counts, owners, groups, authors, major device
345 numbers, minor device numbers, and file sizes, respectively. */
347 static int inode_number_width;
348 static int block_size_width;
349 static int nlink_width;
350 static int owner_width;
351 static int group_width;
352 static int author_width;
353 static int major_device_number_width;
354 static int minor_device_number_width;
355 static int file_size_width;
359 /* long_format for lots of info, one per line.
360 one_per_line for just names, one per line.
361 many_per_line for just names, many per line, sorted vertically.
362 horizontal for just names, many per line, sorted horizontally.
363 with_commas for just names, many per line, separated by commas.
365 -l (and other options that imply -l), -1, -C, -x and -m control
370 long_format, /* -l and other options that imply -l */
371 one_per_line, /* -1 */
372 many_per_line, /* -C */
377 static enum format format;
379 /* `full-iso' uses full ISO-style dates and times. `long-iso' uses longer
380 ISO-style time stamps, though shorter than `full-iso'. `iso' uses shorter
381 ISO-style time stamps. `locale' uses locale-dependent time stamps. */
384 full_iso_time_style, /* --time-style=full-iso */
385 long_iso_time_style, /* --time-style=long-iso */
386 iso_time_style, /* --time-style=iso */
387 locale_time_style /* --time-style=locale */
390 static char const *const time_style_args[] =
392 "full-iso", "long-iso", "iso", "locale", NULL
394 static enum time_style const time_style_types[] =
396 full_iso_time_style, long_iso_time_style, iso_time_style,
399 ARGMATCH_VERIFY (time_style_args, time_style_types);
401 /* Type of time to print or sort by. Controlled by -c and -u. */
405 time_mtime, /* default */
410 static enum time_type time_type;
412 /* The file characteristic to sort by. Controlled by -t, -S, -U, -X, -v. */
417 sort_name, /* default */
418 sort_extension, /* -X */
421 sort_version /* -v */
424 static enum sort_type sort_type;
426 /* Direction of sort.
427 false means highest first if numeric,
428 lowest first if alphabetic;
429 these are the defaults.
430 true means the opposite order in each case. -r */
432 static bool sort_reverse;
434 /* True means to display owner information. -g turns this off. */
436 static bool print_owner = true;
438 /* True means to display author information. */
440 static bool print_author;
442 /* True means to display group information. -G and -o turn this off. */
444 static bool print_group = true;
446 /* True means print the user and group id's as numbers rather
449 static bool numeric_ids;
451 /* True means mention the size in blocks of each file. -s */
453 static bool print_block_size;
455 /* Human-readable options for output. */
456 static int human_output_opts;
458 /* The units to use when printing sizes other than file sizes. */
459 static uintmax_t output_block_size;
461 /* Likewise, but for file sizes. */
462 static uintmax_t file_output_block_size = 1;
464 /* Follow the output with a special string. Using this format,
465 Emacs' dired mode starts up twice as fast, and can handle all
466 strange characters in file names. */
469 /* `none' means don't mention the type of files.
470 `slash' means mention directories only, with a '/'.
471 `file_type' means mention file types.
472 `classify' means mention file types and mark executables.
474 Controlled by -F, -p, and --indicator-style. */
478 none, /* --indicator-style=none */
479 slash, /* -p, --indicator-style=slash */
480 file_type, /* --indicator-style=file-type */
481 classify /* -F, --indicator-style=classify */
484 static enum indicator_style indicator_style;
486 /* Names of indicator styles. */
487 static char const *const indicator_style_args[] =
489 "none", "slash", "file-type", "classify", NULL
491 static enum indicator_style const indicator_style_types[] =
493 none, slash, file_type, classify
495 ARGMATCH_VERIFY (indicator_style_args, indicator_style_types);
497 /* True means use colors to mark types. Also define the different
498 colors as well as the stuff for the LS_COLORS environment variable.
499 The LS_COLORS variable is now in a termcap-like format. */
501 static bool print_with_color;
505 color_never, /* 0: default or --color=never */
506 color_always, /* 1: --color=always */
507 color_if_tty /* 2: --color=tty */
510 enum Dereference_symlink
514 DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENTS, /* -H */
515 DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR, /* the default, in certain cases */
516 DEREF_ALWAYS /* -L */
521 C_LEFT, C_RIGHT, C_END, C_NORM, C_FILE, C_DIR, C_LINK, C_FIFO, C_SOCK,
522 C_BLK, C_CHR, C_MISSING, C_ORPHAN, C_EXEC, C_DOOR, C_SETUID, C_SETGID,
523 C_STICKY, C_OTHER_WRITABLE, C_STICKY_OTHER_WRITABLE
526 static const char *const indicator_name[]=
528 "lc", "rc", "ec", "no", "fi", "di", "ln", "pi", "so",
529 "bd", "cd", "mi", "or", "ex", "do", "su", "sg", "st",
533 struct color_ext_type
535 struct bin_str ext; /* The extension we're looking for */
536 struct bin_str seq; /* The sequence to output when we do */
537 struct color_ext_type *next; /* Next in list */
540 static struct bin_str color_indicator[] =
542 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("\033[") }, /* lc: Left of color sequence */
543 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("m") }, /* rc: Right of color sequence */
544 { 0, NULL }, /* ec: End color (replaces lc+no+rc) */
545 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("0") }, /* no: Normal */
546 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("0") }, /* fi: File: default */
547 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;34") }, /* di: Directory: bright blue */
548 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;36") }, /* ln: Symlink: bright cyan */
549 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("33") }, /* pi: Pipe: yellow/brown */
550 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;35") }, /* so: Socket: bright magenta */
551 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;33") }, /* bd: Block device: bright yellow */
552 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;33") }, /* cd: Char device: bright yellow */
553 { 0, NULL }, /* mi: Missing file: undefined */
554 { 0, NULL }, /* or: Orphaned symlink: undefined */
555 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;32") }, /* ex: Executable: bright green */
556 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("01;35") }, /* do: Door: bright magenta */
557 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("37;41") }, /* su: setuid: white on red */
558 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("30;43") }, /* sg: setgid: black on yellow */
559 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("37;44") }, /* st: sticky: black on blue */
560 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("34;42") }, /* ow: other-writable: blue on green */
561 { LEN_STR_PAIR ("30;42") }, /* tw: ow w/ sticky: black on green */
565 static struct color_ext_type *color_ext_list = NULL;
567 /* Buffer for color sequences */
568 static char *color_buf;
570 /* True means to check for orphaned symbolic link, for displaying
573 static bool check_symlink_color;
575 /* True means mention the inode number of each file. -i */
577 static bool print_inode;
579 /* What to do with symbolic links. Affected by -d, -F, -H, -l (and
580 other options that imply -l), and -L. */
582 static enum Dereference_symlink dereference;
584 /* True means when a directory is found, display info on its
587 static bool recursive;
589 /* True means when an argument is a directory name, display info
592 static bool immediate_dirs;
594 /* Which files to ignore. */
598 /* Ignore files whose names start with `.', and files specified by
599 --hide and --ignore. */
602 /* Ignore `.', `..', and files specified by --ignore. */
603 IGNORE_DOT_AND_DOTDOT,
605 /* Ignore only files specified by --ignore. */
609 /* A linked list of shell-style globbing patterns. If a non-argument
610 file name matches any of these patterns, it is ignored.
611 Controlled by -I. Multiple -I options accumulate.
612 The -B option adds `*~' and `.*~' to this list. */
614 struct ignore_pattern
617 struct ignore_pattern *next;
620 static struct ignore_pattern *ignore_patterns;
622 /* Similar to IGNORE_PATTERNS, except that -a or -A causes this
623 variable itself to be ignored. */
624 static struct ignore_pattern *hide_patterns;
626 /* True means output nongraphic chars in file names as `?'.
627 (-q, --hide-control-chars)
628 qmark_funny_chars and the quoting style (-Q, --quoting-style=WORD) are
629 independent. The algorithm is: first, obey the quoting style to get a
630 string representing the file name; then, if qmark_funny_chars is set,
631 replace all nonprintable chars in that string with `?'. It's necessary
632 to replace nonprintable chars even in quoted strings, because we don't
633 want to mess up the terminal if control chars get sent to it, and some
634 quoting methods pass through control chars as-is. */
635 static bool qmark_funny_chars;
637 /* Quoting options for file and dir name output. */
639 static struct quoting_options *filename_quoting_options;
640 static struct quoting_options *dirname_quoting_options;
642 /* The number of chars per hardware tab stop. Setting this to zero
643 inhibits the use of TAB characters for separating columns. -T */
644 static size_t tabsize;
646 /* True means print each directory name before listing it. */
648 static bool print_dir_name;
650 /* The line length to use for breaking lines in many-per-line format.
651 Can be set with -w. */
653 static size_t line_length;
655 /* If true, the file listing format requires that stat be called on
658 static bool format_needs_stat;
660 /* Similar to `format_needs_stat', but set if only the file type is
663 static bool format_needs_type;
665 /* An arbitrary limit on the number of bytes in a printed time stamp.
666 This is set to a relatively small value to avoid the need to worry
667 about denial-of-service attacks on servers that run "ls" on behalf
668 of remote clients. 1000 bytes should be enough for any practical
669 time stamp format. */
671 enum { TIME_STAMP_LEN_MAXIMUM = MAX (1000, INT_STRLEN_BOUND (time_t)) };
673 /* strftime formats for non-recent and recent files, respectively, in
676 static char const *long_time_format[2] =
678 /* strftime format for non-recent files (older than 6 months), in
679 -l output when --time-style=locale is specified. This should
680 contain the year, month and day (at least), in an order that is
681 understood by people in your locale's territory.
682 Please try to keep the number of used screen columns small,
683 because many people work in windows with only 80 columns. But
684 make this as wide as the other string below, for recent files. */
686 /* strftime format for recent files (younger than 6 months), in
687 -l output when --time-style=locale is specified. This should
688 contain the month, day and time (at least), in an order that is
689 understood by people in your locale's territory.
690 Please try to keep the number of used screen columns small,
691 because many people work in windows with only 80 columns. But
692 make this as wide as the other string above, for non-recent files. */
696 /* The set of signals that are caught. */
698 static sigset_t caught_signals;
700 /* If nonzero, the value of the pending fatal signal. */
702 static sig_atomic_t volatile interrupt_signal;
704 /* A count of the number of pending stop signals that have been received. */
706 static sig_atomic_t volatile stop_signal_count;
708 /* Desired exit status. */
710 static int exit_status;
715 /* "ls" had a minor problem (e.g., it could not stat a directory
717 LS_MINOR_PROBLEM = 1,
719 /* "ls" had more serious trouble. */
723 /* For long options that have no equivalent short option, use a
724 non-character as a pseudo short option, starting with CHAR_MAX + 1. */
727 AUTHOR_OPTION = CHAR_MAX + 1,
730 DEREFERENCE_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR_OPTION,
734 INDICATOR_STYLE_OPTION,
735 QUOTING_STYLE_OPTION,
736 SHOW_CONTROL_CHARS_OPTION,
743 static struct option const long_options[] =
745 {"all", no_argument, NULL, 'a'},
746 {"escape", no_argument, NULL, 'b'},
747 {"directory", no_argument, NULL, 'd'},
748 {"dired", no_argument, NULL, 'D'},
749 {"full-time", no_argument, NULL, FULL_TIME_OPTION},
750 {"human-readable", no_argument, NULL, 'h'},
751 {"inode", no_argument, NULL, 'i'},
752 {"kilobytes", no_argument, NULL, 'k'}, /* long form is obsolescent */
753 {"numeric-uid-gid", no_argument, NULL, 'n'},
754 {"no-group", no_argument, NULL, 'G'},
755 {"hide-control-chars", no_argument, NULL, 'q'},
756 {"reverse", no_argument, NULL, 'r'},
757 {"size", no_argument, NULL, 's'},
758 {"width", required_argument, NULL, 'w'},
759 {"almost-all", no_argument, NULL, 'A'},
760 {"ignore-backups", no_argument, NULL, 'B'},
761 {"classify", no_argument, NULL, 'F'},
762 {"file-type", no_argument, NULL, 'p'},
763 {"si", no_argument, NULL, SI_OPTION},
764 {"dereference-command-line", no_argument, NULL, 'H'},
765 {"dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir", no_argument, NULL,
766 DEREFERENCE_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR_OPTION},
767 {"hide", required_argument, NULL, HIDE_OPTION},
768 {"ignore", required_argument, NULL, 'I'},
769 {"indicator-style", required_argument, NULL, INDICATOR_STYLE_OPTION},
770 {"dereference", no_argument, NULL, 'L'},
771 {"literal", no_argument, NULL, 'N'},
772 {"quote-name", no_argument, NULL, 'Q'},
773 {"quoting-style", required_argument, NULL, QUOTING_STYLE_OPTION},
774 {"recursive", no_argument, NULL, 'R'},
775 {"format", required_argument, NULL, FORMAT_OPTION},
776 {"show-control-chars", no_argument, NULL, SHOW_CONTROL_CHARS_OPTION},
777 {"sort", required_argument, NULL, SORT_OPTION},
778 {"tabsize", required_argument, NULL, 'T'},
779 {"time", required_argument, NULL, TIME_OPTION},
780 {"time-style", required_argument, NULL, TIME_STYLE_OPTION},
781 {"color", optional_argument, NULL, COLOR_OPTION},
782 {"block-size", required_argument, NULL, BLOCK_SIZE_OPTION},
783 {"author", no_argument, NULL, AUTHOR_OPTION},
784 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
785 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
789 static char const *const format_args[] =
791 "verbose", "long", "commas", "horizontal", "across",
792 "vertical", "single-column", NULL
794 static enum format const format_types[] =
796 long_format, long_format, with_commas, horizontal, horizontal,
797 many_per_line, one_per_line
799 ARGMATCH_VERIFY (format_args, format_types);
801 static char const *const sort_args[] =
803 "none", "time", "size", "extension", "version", NULL
805 static enum sort_type const sort_types[] =
807 sort_none, sort_time, sort_size, sort_extension, sort_version
809 ARGMATCH_VERIFY (sort_args, sort_types);
811 static char const *const time_args[] =
813 "atime", "access", "use", "ctime", "status", NULL
815 static enum time_type const time_types[] =
817 time_atime, time_atime, time_atime, time_ctime, time_ctime
819 ARGMATCH_VERIFY (time_args, time_types);
821 static char const *const color_args[] =
823 /* force and none are for compatibility with another color-ls version */
824 "always", "yes", "force",
825 "never", "no", "none",
826 "auto", "tty", "if-tty", NULL
828 static enum color_type const color_types[] =
830 color_always, color_always, color_always,
831 color_never, color_never, color_never,
832 color_if_tty, color_if_tty, color_if_tty
834 ARGMATCH_VERIFY (color_args, color_types);
836 /* Information about filling a column. */
844 /* Array with information about column filledness. */
845 static struct column_info *column_info;
847 /* Maximum number of columns ever possible for this display. */
848 static size_t max_idx;
850 /* The minimum width of a column is 3: 1 character for the name and 2
851 for the separating white space. */
852 #define MIN_COLUMN_WIDTH 3
855 /* This zero-based index is used solely with the --dired option.
856 When that option is in effect, this counter is incremented for each
857 byte of output generated by this program so that the beginning
858 and ending indices (in that output) of every file name can be recorded
859 and later output themselves. */
860 static size_t dired_pos;
862 #define DIRED_PUTCHAR(c) do {putchar ((c)); ++dired_pos;} while (0)
864 /* Write S to STREAM and increment DIRED_POS by S_LEN. */
865 #define DIRED_FPUTS(s, stream, s_len) \
866 do {fputs ((s), (stream)); dired_pos += s_len;} while (0)
868 /* Like DIRED_FPUTS, but for use when S is a literal string. */
869 #define DIRED_FPUTS_LITERAL(s, stream) \
870 do {fputs ((s), (stream)); dired_pos += sizeof((s)) - 1;} while (0)
872 #define DIRED_INDENT() \
876 DIRED_FPUTS_LITERAL (" ", stdout); \
880 /* With --dired, store pairs of beginning and ending indices of filenames. */
881 static struct obstack dired_obstack;
883 /* With --dired, store pairs of beginning and ending indices of any
884 directory names that appear as headers (just before `total' line)
885 for lists of directory entries. Such directory names are seen when
886 listing hierarchies using -R and when a directory is listed with at
887 least one other command line argument. */
888 static struct obstack subdired_obstack;
890 /* Save the current index on the specified obstack, OBS. */
891 #define PUSH_CURRENT_DIRED_POS(obs) \
895 obstack_grow ((obs), &dired_pos, sizeof (dired_pos)); \
899 /* With -R, this stack is used to help detect directory cycles.
900 The device/inode pairs on this stack mirror the pairs in the
901 active_dir_set hash table. */
902 static struct obstack dev_ino_obstack;
904 /* Push a pair onto the device/inode stack. */
905 #define DEV_INO_PUSH(Dev, Ino) \
908 struct dev_ino *di; \
909 obstack_blank (&dev_ino_obstack, sizeof (struct dev_ino)); \
910 di = -1 + (struct dev_ino *) obstack_next_free (&dev_ino_obstack); \
911 di->st_dev = (Dev); \
912 di->st_ino = (Ino); \
916 /* Pop a dev/ino struct off the global dev_ino_obstack
917 and return that struct. */
918 static struct dev_ino
921 assert (sizeof (struct dev_ino) <= obstack_object_size (&dev_ino_obstack));
922 obstack_blank (&dev_ino_obstack, -(int) (sizeof (struct dev_ino)));
923 return *(struct dev_ino*) obstack_next_free (&dev_ino_obstack);
926 #define ASSERT_MATCHING_DEV_INO(Name, Di) \
931 assert (0 <= stat (Name, &sb)); \
932 assert (sb.st_dev == Di.st_dev); \
933 assert (sb.st_ino == Di.st_ino); \
938 /* Write to standard output PREFIX, followed by the quoting style and
939 a space-separated list of the integers stored in OS all on one line. */
942 dired_dump_obstack (const char *prefix, struct obstack *os)
946 n_pos = obstack_object_size (os) / sizeof (dired_pos);
952 pos = (size_t *) obstack_finish (os);
953 fputs (prefix, stdout);
954 for (i = 0; i < n_pos; i++)
955 printf (" %lu", (unsigned long int) pos[i]);
961 dev_ino_hash (void const *x, size_t table_size)
963 struct dev_ino const *p = x;
964 return (uintmax_t) p->st_ino % table_size;
968 dev_ino_compare (void const *x, void const *y)
970 struct dev_ino const *a = x;
971 struct dev_ino const *b = y;
972 return SAME_INODE (*a, *b) ? true : false;
976 dev_ino_free (void *x)
981 /* Add the device/inode pair (P->st_dev/P->st_ino) to the set of
982 active directories. Return true if there is already a matching
983 entry in the table. */
986 visit_dir (dev_t dev, ino_t ino)
989 struct dev_ino *ent_from_table;
992 ent = xmalloc (sizeof *ent);
996 /* Attempt to insert this entry into the table. */
997 ent_from_table = hash_insert (active_dir_set, ent);
999 if (ent_from_table == NULL)
1001 /* Insertion failed due to lack of memory. */
1005 found_match = (ent_from_table != ent);
1009 /* ent was not inserted, so free it. */
1017 free_pending_ent (struct pending *p)
1025 is_colored (enum indicator_no type)
1027 size_t len = color_indicator[type].len;
1028 char const *s = color_indicator[type].string;
1030 || (len == 1 && strncmp (s, "0", 1) == 0)
1031 || (len == 2 && strncmp (s, "00", 2) == 0));
1035 restore_default_color (void)
1037 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_LEFT]);
1038 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_RIGHT]);
1041 /* An ordinary signal was received; arrange for the program to exit. */
1044 sighandler (int sig)
1047 signal (sig, SIG_IGN);
1048 if (! interrupt_signal)
1049 interrupt_signal = sig;
1052 /* A SIGTSTP was received; arrange for the program to suspend itself. */
1055 stophandler (int sig)
1058 signal (sig, stophandler);
1059 if (! interrupt_signal)
1060 stop_signal_count++;
1063 /* Process any pending signals. If signals are caught, this function
1064 should be called periodically. Ideally there should never be an
1065 unbounded amount of time when signals are not being processed.
1066 Signal handling can restore the default colors, so callers must
1067 immediately change colors after invoking this function. */
1070 process_signals (void)
1072 while (interrupt_signal | stop_signal_count)
1078 restore_default_color ();
1081 sigprocmask (SIG_BLOCK, &caught_signals, &oldset);
1083 /* Reload interrupt_signal and stop_signal_count, in case a new
1084 signal was handled before sigprocmask took effect. */
1085 sig = interrupt_signal;
1086 stops = stop_signal_count;
1088 /* SIGTSTP is special, since the application can receive that signal
1089 more than once. In this case, don't set the signal handler to the
1090 default. Instead, just raise the uncatchable SIGSTOP. */
1093 stop_signal_count = stops - 1;
1097 signal (sig, SIG_DFL);
1099 /* Exit or suspend the program. */
1101 sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &oldset, NULL);
1103 /* If execution reaches here, then the program has been
1104 continued (after being suspended). */
1109 main (int argc, char **argv)
1112 struct pending *thispend;
1115 /* The signals that are trapped, and the number of such signals. */
1116 static int const sig[] = { SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGPIPE,
1117 SIGQUIT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP };
1118 enum { nsigs = sizeof sig / sizeof sig[0] };
1121 bool caught_sig[nsigs];
1124 initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
1125 program_name = argv[0];
1126 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
1127 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
1128 textdomain (PACKAGE);
1130 initialize_exit_failure (LS_FAILURE);
1131 atexit (close_stdout);
1133 #define N_ENTRIES(Array) (sizeof Array / sizeof *(Array))
1134 assert (N_ENTRIES (color_indicator) + 1 == N_ENTRIES (indicator_name));
1136 exit_status = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1137 print_dir_name = true;
1138 pending_dirs = NULL;
1140 i = decode_switches (argc, argv);
1142 if (print_with_color)
1145 /* Test print_with_color again, because the call to parse_ls_color
1146 may have just reset it -- e.g., if LS_COLORS is invalid. */
1147 if (print_with_color)
1149 /* Avoid following symbolic links when possible. */
1150 if (is_colored (C_ORPHAN)
1151 || is_colored (C_EXEC)
1152 || (is_colored (C_MISSING) && format == long_format))
1153 check_symlink_color = true;
1155 /* If the standard output is a controlling terminal, watch out
1156 for signals, so that the colors can be restored to the
1157 default state if "ls" is suspended or interrupted. */
1159 if (0 <= tcgetpgrp (STDOUT_FILENO))
1163 struct sigaction act;
1165 sigemptyset (&caught_signals);
1166 for (j = 0; j < nsigs; j++)
1168 sigaction (sig[j], NULL, &act);
1169 if (act.sa_handler != SIG_IGN)
1170 sigaddset (&caught_signals, sig[j]);
1173 act.sa_mask = caught_signals;
1174 act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
1176 for (j = 0; j < nsigs; j++)
1177 if (sigismember (&caught_signals, sig[j]))
1179 act.sa_handler = sig[j] == SIGTSTP ? stophandler : sighandler;
1180 sigaction (sig[j], &act, NULL);
1183 for (j = 0; j < nsigs; j++)
1185 caught_sig[j] = (signal (sig[j], SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN);
1188 signal (sig[j], sig[j] == SIGTSTP ? stophandler : sighandler);
1189 siginterrupt (sig[j], 0);
1195 prep_non_filename_text ();
1198 if (dereference == DEREF_UNDEFINED)
1199 dereference = ((immediate_dirs
1200 || indicator_style == classify
1201 || format == long_format)
1203 : DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR);
1205 /* When using -R, initialize a data structure we'll use to
1206 detect any directory cycles. */
1209 active_dir_set = hash_initialize (INITIAL_TABLE_SIZE, NULL,
1213 if (active_dir_set == NULL)
1216 obstack_init (&dev_ino_obstack);
1219 format_needs_stat = sort_type == sort_time || sort_type == sort_size
1220 || format == long_format
1221 || dereference == DEREF_ALWAYS
1222 || print_block_size || print_inode;
1223 format_needs_type = (!format_needs_stat
1224 && (recursive || print_with_color
1225 || indicator_style != none));
1229 obstack_init (&dired_obstack);
1230 obstack_init (&subdired_obstack);
1234 files = xnmalloc (nfiles, sizeof *files);
1244 gobble_file (".", directory, true, "");
1246 queue_directory (".", NULL, true);
1250 gobble_file (argv[i++], unknown, true, "");
1256 if (!immediate_dirs)
1257 extract_dirs_from_files (NULL, true);
1258 /* `files_index' might be zero now. */
1261 /* In the following if/else blocks, it is sufficient to test `pending_dirs'
1262 (and not pending_dirs->name) because there may be no markers in the queue
1263 at this point. A marker may be enqueued when extract_dirs_from_files is
1264 called with a non-empty string or via print_dir. */
1267 print_current_files ();
1269 DIRED_PUTCHAR ('\n');
1271 else if (n_files <= 1 && pending_dirs && pending_dirs->next == 0)
1272 print_dir_name = false;
1274 while (pending_dirs)
1276 thispend = pending_dirs;
1277 pending_dirs = pending_dirs->next;
1281 if (thispend->name == NULL)
1283 /* thispend->name == NULL means this is a marker entry
1284 indicating we've finished processing the directory.
1285 Use its dev/ino numbers to remove the corresponding
1286 entry from the active_dir_set hash table. */
1287 struct dev_ino di = dev_ino_pop ();
1288 struct dev_ino *found = hash_delete (active_dir_set, &di);
1289 /* ASSERT_MATCHING_DEV_INO (thispend->realname, di); */
1291 dev_ino_free (found);
1292 free_pending_ent (thispend);
1297 print_dir (thispend->name, thispend->realname,
1298 thispend->command_line_arg);
1300 free_pending_ent (thispend);
1301 print_dir_name = true;
1304 if (print_with_color)
1308 restore_default_color ();
1311 /* Restore the default signal handling. */
1313 for (j = 0; j < nsigs; j++)
1314 if (sigismember (&caught_signals, sig[j]))
1315 signal (sig[j], SIG_DFL);
1317 for (j = 0; j < nsigs; j++)
1319 signal (sig[j], SIG_DFL);
1322 /* Act on any signals that arrived before the default was restored.
1323 This can process signals out of order, but there doesn't seem to
1324 be an easy way to do them in order, and the order isn't that
1325 important anyway. */
1326 for (j = stop_signal_count; j; j--)
1328 j = interrupt_signal;
1335 /* No need to free these since we're about to exit. */
1336 dired_dump_obstack ("//DIRED//", &dired_obstack);
1337 dired_dump_obstack ("//SUBDIRED//", &subdired_obstack);
1338 printf ("//DIRED-OPTIONS// --quoting-style=%s\n",
1339 quoting_style_args[get_quoting_style (filename_quoting_options)]);
1344 assert (hash_get_n_entries (active_dir_set) == 0);
1345 hash_free (active_dir_set);
1351 /* Set all the option flags according to the switches specified.
1352 Return the index of the first non-option argument. */
1355 decode_switches (int argc, char **argv)
1358 char *time_style_option = NULL;
1360 /* Record whether there is an option specifying sort type. */
1361 bool sort_type_specified = false;
1363 qmark_funny_chars = false;
1365 /* initialize all switches to default settings */
1370 /* This is for the `dir' program. */
1371 format = many_per_line;
1372 set_quoting_style (NULL, escape_quoting_style);
1375 case LS_LONG_FORMAT:
1376 /* This is for the `vdir' program. */
1377 format = long_format;
1378 set_quoting_style (NULL, escape_quoting_style);
1382 /* This is for the `ls' program. */
1383 if (isatty (STDOUT_FILENO))
1385 format = many_per_line;
1386 /* See description of qmark_funny_chars, above. */
1387 qmark_funny_chars = true;
1391 format = one_per_line;
1392 qmark_funny_chars = false;
1400 time_type = time_mtime;
1401 sort_type = sort_name;
1402 sort_reverse = false;
1403 numeric_ids = false;
1404 print_block_size = false;
1405 indicator_style = none;
1406 print_inode = false;
1407 dereference = DEREF_UNDEFINED;
1409 immediate_dirs = false;
1410 ignore_mode = IGNORE_DEFAULT;
1411 ignore_patterns = NULL;
1412 hide_patterns = NULL;
1414 /* FIXME: put this in a function. */
1416 char const *q_style = getenv ("QUOTING_STYLE");
1419 int i = ARGMATCH (q_style, quoting_style_args, quoting_style_vals);
1421 set_quoting_style (NULL, quoting_style_vals[i]);
1424 _("ignoring invalid value of environment variable QUOTING_STYLE: %s"),
1425 quotearg (q_style));
1430 char const *ls_block_size = getenv ("LS_BLOCK_SIZE");
1431 human_output_opts = human_options (ls_block_size, false,
1432 &output_block_size);
1433 if (ls_block_size || getenv ("BLOCK_SIZE"))
1434 file_output_block_size = output_block_size;
1439 char const *p = getenv ("COLUMNS");
1442 unsigned long int tmp_ulong;
1443 if (xstrtoul (p, NULL, 0, &tmp_ulong, NULL) == LONGINT_OK
1444 && 0 < tmp_ulong && tmp_ulong <= SIZE_MAX)
1446 line_length = tmp_ulong;
1451 _("ignoring invalid width in environment variable COLUMNS: %s"),
1461 if (ioctl (STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) != -1
1462 && 0 < ws.ws_col && ws.ws_col == (size_t) ws.ws_col)
1463 line_length = ws.ws_col;
1468 char const *p = getenv ("TABSIZE");
1472 unsigned long int tmp_ulong;
1473 if (xstrtoul (p, NULL, 0, &tmp_ulong, NULL) == LONGINT_OK
1474 && tmp_ulong <= SIZE_MAX)
1476 tabsize = tmp_ulong;
1481 _("ignoring invalid tab size in environment variable TABSIZE: %s"),
1487 while ((c = getopt_long (argc, argv,
1488 "abcdfghiklmnopqrstuvw:xABCDFGHI:LNQRST:UX1",
1489 long_options, NULL)) != -1)
1494 ignore_mode = IGNORE_MINIMAL;
1498 set_quoting_style (NULL, escape_quoting_style);
1502 time_type = time_ctime;
1506 immediate_dirs = true;
1510 /* Same as enabling -a -U and disabling -l -s. */
1511 ignore_mode = IGNORE_MINIMAL;
1512 sort_type = sort_none;
1513 sort_type_specified = true;
1515 if (format == long_format)
1516 format = (isatty (STDOUT_FILENO) ? many_per_line : one_per_line);
1517 print_block_size = false; /* disable -s */
1518 print_with_color = false; /* disable --color */
1522 format = long_format;
1523 print_owner = false;
1527 human_output_opts = human_autoscale | human_SI | human_base_1024;
1528 file_output_block_size = output_block_size = 1;
1536 human_output_opts = 0;
1537 file_output_block_size = output_block_size = 1024;
1541 format = long_format;
1545 format = with_commas;
1550 format = long_format;
1553 case 'o': /* Just like -l, but don't display group info. */
1554 format = long_format;
1555 print_group = false;
1559 indicator_style = slash;
1563 qmark_funny_chars = true;
1567 sort_reverse = true;
1571 print_block_size = true;
1575 sort_type = sort_time;
1576 sort_type_specified = true;
1580 time_type = time_atime;
1584 sort_type = sort_version;
1585 sort_type_specified = true;
1590 unsigned long int tmp_ulong;
1591 if (xstrtoul (optarg, NULL, 0, &tmp_ulong, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
1592 || ! (0 < tmp_ulong && tmp_ulong <= SIZE_MAX))
1593 error (LS_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid line width: %s"),
1595 line_length = tmp_ulong;
1600 format = horizontal;
1604 if (ignore_mode == IGNORE_DEFAULT)
1605 ignore_mode = IGNORE_DOT_AND_DOTDOT;
1609 add_ignore_pattern ("*~");
1610 add_ignore_pattern (".*~");
1614 format = many_per_line;
1622 indicator_style = classify;
1625 case 'G': /* inhibit display of group info */
1626 print_group = false;
1630 dereference = DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENTS;
1633 case DEREFERENCE_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR_OPTION:
1634 dereference = DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR;
1638 add_ignore_pattern (optarg);
1642 dereference = DEREF_ALWAYS;
1646 set_quoting_style (NULL, literal_quoting_style);
1650 set_quoting_style (NULL, c_quoting_style);
1658 sort_type = sort_size;
1659 sort_type_specified = true;
1664 unsigned long int tmp_ulong;
1665 if (xstrtoul (optarg, NULL, 0, &tmp_ulong, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
1666 || SIZE_MAX < tmp_ulong)
1667 error (LS_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid tab size: %s"),
1669 tabsize = tmp_ulong;
1674 sort_type = sort_none;
1675 sort_type_specified = true;
1679 sort_type = sort_extension;
1680 sort_type_specified = true;
1684 /* -1 has no effect after -l. */
1685 if (format != long_format)
1686 format = one_per_line;
1690 print_author = true;
1695 struct ignore_pattern *hide = xmalloc (sizeof *hide);
1696 hide->pattern = optarg;
1697 hide->next = hide_patterns;
1698 hide_patterns = hide;
1703 sort_type = XARGMATCH ("--sort", optarg, sort_args, sort_types);
1704 sort_type_specified = true;
1708 time_type = XARGMATCH ("--time", optarg, time_args, time_types);
1712 format = XARGMATCH ("--format", optarg, format_args, format_types);
1715 case FULL_TIME_OPTION:
1716 format = long_format;
1717 time_style_option = "full-iso";
1724 i = XARGMATCH ("--color", optarg, color_args, color_types);
1726 /* Using --color with no argument is equivalent to using
1730 print_with_color = (i == color_always
1731 || (i == color_if_tty
1732 && isatty (STDOUT_FILENO)));
1734 if (print_with_color)
1736 /* Don't use TAB characters in output. Some terminal
1737 emulators can't handle the combination of tabs and
1738 color codes on the same line. */
1744 case INDICATOR_STYLE_OPTION:
1745 indicator_style = XARGMATCH ("--indicator-style", optarg,
1746 indicator_style_args,
1747 indicator_style_types);
1750 case QUOTING_STYLE_OPTION:
1751 set_quoting_style (NULL,
1752 XARGMATCH ("--quoting-style", optarg,
1754 quoting_style_vals));
1757 case TIME_STYLE_OPTION:
1758 time_style_option = optarg;
1761 case SHOW_CONTROL_CHARS_OPTION:
1762 qmark_funny_chars = false;
1765 case BLOCK_SIZE_OPTION:
1766 human_output_opts = human_options (optarg, true, &output_block_size);
1767 file_output_block_size = output_block_size;
1771 human_output_opts = human_autoscale | human_SI;
1772 file_output_block_size = output_block_size = 1;
1775 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
1777 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
1784 max_idx = MAX (1, line_length / MIN_COLUMN_WIDTH);
1786 filename_quoting_options = clone_quoting_options (NULL);
1787 if (get_quoting_style (filename_quoting_options) == escape_quoting_style)
1788 set_char_quoting (filename_quoting_options, ' ', 1);
1789 if (file_type <= indicator_style)
1792 for (p = "*=>@|" + indicator_style - file_type; *p; p++)
1793 set_char_quoting (filename_quoting_options, *p, 1);
1796 dirname_quoting_options = clone_quoting_options (NULL);
1797 set_char_quoting (dirname_quoting_options, ':', 1);
1799 /* --dired is meaningful only with --format=long (-l).
1800 Otherwise, ignore it. FIXME: warn about this?
1801 Alternatively, make --dired imply --format=long? */
1802 if (dired && format != long_format)
1805 /* If -c or -u is specified and not -l (or any other option that implies -l),
1806 and no sort-type was specified, then sort by the ctime (-c) or atime (-u).
1807 The behavior of ls when using either -c or -u but with neither -l nor -t
1808 appears to be unspecified by POSIX. So, with GNU ls, `-u' alone means
1809 sort by atime (this is the one that's not specified by the POSIX spec),
1810 -lu means show atime and sort by name, -lut means show atime and sort
1813 if ((time_type == time_ctime || time_type == time_atime)
1814 && !sort_type_specified && format != long_format)
1816 sort_type = sort_time;
1819 if (format == long_format)
1821 char *style = time_style_option;
1822 static char const posix_prefix[] = "posix-";
1825 if (! (style = getenv ("TIME_STYLE")))
1826 style = "posix-long-iso";
1828 while (strncmp (style, posix_prefix, sizeof posix_prefix - 1) == 0)
1830 if (! hard_locale (LC_TIME))
1832 style += sizeof posix_prefix - 1;
1837 char *p0 = style + 1;
1838 char *p1 = strchr (p0, '\n');
1843 if (strchr (p1 + 1, '\n'))
1844 error (LS_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid time style format %s"),
1848 long_time_format[0] = p0;
1849 long_time_format[1] = p1;
1852 switch (XARGMATCH ("time style", style,
1856 case full_iso_time_style:
1857 long_time_format[0] = long_time_format[1] =
1858 "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%N %z";
1861 case long_iso_time_style:
1862 long_time_format[0] = long_time_format[1] = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M";
1865 case iso_time_style:
1866 long_time_format[0] = "%Y-%m-%d ";
1867 long_time_format[1] = "%m-%d %H:%M";
1870 case locale_time_style:
1871 if (hard_locale (LC_TIME))
1874 for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
1875 long_time_format[i] =
1876 dcgettext (NULL, long_time_format[i], LC_TIME);
1884 /* Parse a string as part of the LS_COLORS variable; this may involve
1885 decoding all kinds of escape characters. If equals_end is set an
1886 unescaped equal sign ends the string, otherwise only a : or \0
1887 does. Set *OUTPUT_COUNT to the number of bytes output. Return
1890 The resulting string is *not* null-terminated, but may contain
1893 Note that both dest and src are char **; on return they point to
1894 the first free byte after the array and the character that ended
1895 the input string, respectively. */
1898 get_funky_string (char **dest, const char **src, bool equals_end,
1899 size_t *output_count)
1901 char num; /* For numerical codes */
1902 size_t count; /* Something to count with */
1904 ST_GND, ST_BACKSLASH, ST_OCTAL, ST_HEX, ST_CARET, ST_END, ST_ERROR
1909 p = *src; /* We don't want to double-indirect */
1910 q = *dest; /* the whole darn time. */
1912 count = 0; /* No characters counted in yet. */
1915 state = ST_GND; /* Start in ground state. */
1916 while (state < ST_END)
1920 case ST_GND: /* Ground state (no escapes) */
1925 state = ST_END; /* End of string */
1928 state = ST_BACKSLASH; /* Backslash scape sequence */
1932 state = ST_CARET; /* Caret escape */
1938 state = ST_END; /* End */
1941 /* else fall through */
1949 case ST_BACKSLASH: /* Backslash escaped character */
1960 state = ST_OCTAL; /* Octal sequence */
1965 state = ST_HEX; /* Hex sequence */
1968 case 'a': /* Bell */
1971 case 'b': /* Backspace */
1974 case 'e': /* Escape */
1977 case 'f': /* Form feed */
1980 case 'n': /* Newline */
1983 case 'r': /* Carriage return */
1989 case 'v': /* Vtab */
1992 case '?': /* Delete */
1995 case '_': /* Space */
1998 case '\0': /* End of string */
1999 state = ST_ERROR; /* Error! */
2001 default: /* Escaped character like \ ^ : = */
2005 if (state == ST_BACKSLASH)
2014 case ST_OCTAL: /* Octal sequence */
2015 if (*p < '0' || *p > '7')
2022 num = (num << 3) + (*(p++) - '0');
2025 case ST_HEX: /* Hex sequence */
2038 num = (num << 4) + (*(p++) - '0');
2046 num = (num << 4) + (*(p++) - 'a') + 10;
2054 num = (num << 4) + (*(p++) - 'A') + 10;
2064 case ST_CARET: /* Caret escape */
2065 state = ST_GND; /* Should be the next state... */
2066 if (*p >= '@' && *p <= '~')
2068 *(q++) = *(p++) & 037;
2087 *output_count = count;
2089 return state != ST_ERROR;
2093 parse_ls_color (void)
2095 const char *p; /* Pointer to character being parsed */
2096 char *buf; /* color_buf buffer pointer */
2097 int state; /* State of parser */
2098 int ind_no; /* Indicator number */
2099 char label[3]; /* Indicator label */
2100 struct color_ext_type *ext; /* Extension we are working on */
2102 if ((p = getenv ("LS_COLORS")) == NULL || *p == '\0')
2106 strcpy (label, "??");
2108 /* This is an overly conservative estimate, but any possible
2109 LS_COLORS string will *not* generate a color_buf longer than
2110 itself, so it is a safe way of allocating a buffer in
2112 buf = color_buf = xstrdup (p);
2119 case 1: /* First label character */
2127 /* Allocate new extension block and add to head of
2128 linked list (this way a later definition will
2129 override an earlier one, which can be useful for
2130 having terminal-specific defs override global). */
2132 ext = xmalloc (sizeof *ext);
2133 ext->next = color_ext_list;
2134 color_ext_list = ext;
2137 ext->ext.string = buf;
2139 state = (get_funky_string (&buf, &p, true, &ext->ext.len)
2144 state = 0; /* Done! */
2147 default: /* Assume it is file type label */
2154 case 2: /* Second label character */
2161 state = -1; /* Error */
2164 case 3: /* Equal sign after indicator label */
2165 state = -1; /* Assume failure... */
2166 if (*(p++) == '=')/* It *should* be... */
2168 for (ind_no = 0; indicator_name[ind_no] != NULL; ++ind_no)
2170 if (STREQ (label, indicator_name[ind_no]))
2172 color_indicator[ind_no].string = buf;
2173 state = (get_funky_string (&buf, &p, false,
2174 &color_indicator[ind_no].len)
2180 error (0, 0, _("unrecognized prefix: %s"), quotearg (label));
2184 case 4: /* Equal sign after *.ext */
2187 ext->seq.string = buf;
2188 state = (get_funky_string (&buf, &p, false, &ext->seq.len)
2199 struct color_ext_type *e;
2200 struct color_ext_type *e2;
2203 _("unparsable value for LS_COLORS environment variable"));
2205 for (e = color_ext_list; e != NULL; /* empty */)
2211 print_with_color = false;
2214 if (color_indicator[C_LINK].len == 6
2215 && !strncmp (color_indicator[C_LINK].string, "target", 6))
2216 color_symlink_as_referent = true;
2219 /* Set the exit status to report a failure. If SERIOUS, it is a
2220 serious failure; otherwise, it is merely a minor problem. */
2223 set_exit_status (bool serious)
2226 exit_status = LS_FAILURE;
2227 else if (exit_status == EXIT_SUCCESS)
2228 exit_status = LS_MINOR_PROBLEM;
2231 /* Assuming a failure is serious if SERIOUS, use the printf-style
2232 MESSAGE to report the failure to access a file named FILE. Assume
2233 errno is set appropriately for the failure. */
2236 file_failure (bool serious, char const *message, char const *file)
2238 error (0, errno, message, quotearg_colon (file));
2239 set_exit_status (serious);
2242 /* Request that the directory named NAME have its contents listed later.
2243 If REALNAME is nonzero, it will be used instead of NAME when the
2244 directory name is printed. This allows symbolic links to directories
2245 to be treated as regular directories but still be listed under their
2246 real names. NAME == NULL is used to insert a marker entry for the
2247 directory named in REALNAME.
2248 If NAME is non-NULL, we use its dev/ino information to save
2249 a call to stat -- when doing a recursive (-R) traversal.
2250 COMMAND_LINE_ARG means this directory was mentioned on the command line. */
2253 queue_directory (char const *name, char const *realname, bool command_line_arg)
2255 struct pending *new = xmalloc (sizeof *new);
2256 new->realname = realname ? xstrdup (realname) : NULL;
2257 new->name = name ? xstrdup (name) : NULL;
2258 new->command_line_arg = command_line_arg;
2259 new->next = pending_dirs;
2263 /* Read directory NAME, and list the files in it.
2264 If REALNAME is nonzero, print its name instead of NAME;
2265 this is used for symbolic links to directories.
2266 COMMAND_LINE_ARG means this directory was mentioned on the command line. */
2269 print_dir (char const *name, char const *realname, bool command_line_arg)
2272 struct dirent *next;
2273 uintmax_t total_blocks = 0;
2274 static bool first = true;
2277 dirp = opendir (name);
2280 file_failure (command_line_arg, "%s", name);
2286 struct stat dir_stat;
2287 int fd = dirfd (dirp);
2289 /* If dirfd failed, endure the overhead of using stat. */
2291 ? fstat (fd, &dir_stat)
2292 : stat (name, &dir_stat)) < 0)
2294 file_failure (command_line_arg,
2295 _("cannot determine device and inode of %s"), name);
2299 /* If we've already visited this dev/inode pair, warn that
2300 we've found a loop, and do not process this directory. */
2301 if (visit_dir (dir_stat.st_dev, dir_stat.st_ino))
2303 error (0, 0, _("%s: not listing already-listed directory"),
2304 quotearg_colon (name));
2308 DEV_INO_PUSH (dir_stat.st_dev, dir_stat.st_ino);
2311 /* Read the directory entries, and insert the subfiles into the `files'
2318 /* Set errno to zero so we can distinguish between a readdir failure
2319 and when readdir simply finds that there are no more entries. */
2321 next = readdir (dirp);
2324 if (! file_ignored (next->d_name))
2326 enum filetype type = unknown;
2328 #if HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_TYPE
2329 if (next->d_type == DT_BLK
2330 || next->d_type == DT_CHR
2331 || next->d_type == DT_DIR
2332 || next->d_type == DT_FIFO
2333 || next->d_type == DT_LNK
2334 || next->d_type == DT_REG
2335 || next->d_type == DT_SOCK)
2336 type = next->d_type;
2338 total_blocks += gobble_file (next->d_name, type, false, name);
2341 else if (errno != 0)
2343 file_failure (command_line_arg, _("reading directory %s"), name);
2344 if (errno != EOVERFLOW)
2351 if (CLOSEDIR (dirp) != 0)
2353 file_failure (command_line_arg, _("closing directory %s"), name);
2354 /* Don't return; print whatever we got. */
2357 /* Sort the directory contents. */
2360 /* If any member files are subdirectories, perhaps they should have their
2361 contents listed rather than being mentioned here as files. */
2364 extract_dirs_from_files (name, command_line_arg);
2366 if (recursive | print_dir_name)
2369 DIRED_PUTCHAR ('\n');
2372 PUSH_CURRENT_DIRED_POS (&subdired_obstack);
2373 dired_pos += quote_name (stdout, realname ? realname : name,
2374 dirname_quoting_options, NULL);
2375 PUSH_CURRENT_DIRED_POS (&subdired_obstack);
2376 DIRED_FPUTS_LITERAL (":\n", stdout);
2379 if (format == long_format || print_block_size)
2382 char buf[LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1];
2386 DIRED_FPUTS (p, stdout, strlen (p));
2387 DIRED_PUTCHAR (' ');
2388 p = human_readable (total_blocks, buf, human_output_opts,
2389 ST_NBLOCKSIZE, output_block_size);
2390 DIRED_FPUTS (p, stdout, strlen (p));
2391 DIRED_PUTCHAR ('\n');
2395 print_current_files ();
2398 /* Add `pattern' to the list of patterns for which files that match are
2402 add_ignore_pattern (const char *pattern)
2404 struct ignore_pattern *ignore;
2406 ignore = xmalloc (sizeof *ignore);
2407 ignore->pattern = pattern;
2408 /* Add it to the head of the linked list. */
2409 ignore->next = ignore_patterns;
2410 ignore_patterns = ignore;
2413 /* Return true if one of the PATTERNS matches FILE. */
2416 patterns_match (struct ignore_pattern const *patterns, char const *file)
2418 struct ignore_pattern const *p;
2419 for (p = patterns; p; p = p->next)
2420 if (fnmatch (p->pattern, file, FNM_PERIOD) == 0)
2425 /* Return true if FILE should be ignored. */
2428 file_ignored (char const *name)
2430 return ((ignore_mode != IGNORE_MINIMAL
2432 && (ignore_mode == IGNORE_DEFAULT || ! name[1 + (name[1] == '.')]))
2433 || (ignore_mode == IGNORE_DEFAULT
2434 && patterns_match (hide_patterns, name))
2435 || patterns_match (ignore_patterns, name));
2438 /* POSIX requires that a file size be printed without a sign, even
2439 when negative. Assume the typical case where negative sizes are
2440 actually positive values that have wrapped around. */
2443 unsigned_file_size (off_t size)
2445 return size + (size < 0) * ((uintmax_t) OFF_T_MAX - OFF_T_MIN + 1);
2448 /* Enter and remove entries in the table `files'. */
2450 /* Empty the table of files. */
2457 for (i = 0; i < files_index; i++)
2459 free (files[i].name);
2460 free (files[i].linkname);
2465 any_has_acl = false;
2467 inode_number_width = 0;
2468 block_size_width = 0;
2473 major_device_number_width = 0;
2474 minor_device_number_width = 0;
2475 file_size_width = 0;
2478 /* Add a file to the current table of files.
2479 Verify that the file exists, and print an error message if it does not.
2480 Return the number of blocks that the file occupies. */
2483 gobble_file (char const *name, enum filetype type, bool command_line_arg,
2484 char const *dirname)
2489 if (files_index == nfiles)
2491 files = xnrealloc (files, nfiles, 2 * sizeof *files);
2495 f = &files[files_index];
2500 if (command_line_arg
2501 || format_needs_stat
2502 || (format_needs_type
2505 /* FIXME: remove this disjunct.
2506 I don't think we care about symlinks here, but for now
2507 this won't make a big performance difference. */
2508 || type == symbolic_link
2510 /* --indicator-style=classify (aka -F)
2511 requires that we stat each regular file
2512 to see if it's executable. */
2513 || (type == normal && (indicator_style == classify
2514 /* This is so that --color ends up
2515 highlighting files with the executable
2516 bit set even when options like -F are
2518 || (print_with_color
2519 && is_colored (C_EXEC))
2523 /* Absolute name of this file. */
2524 char *absolute_name;
2528 if (name[0] == '/' || dirname[0] == 0)
2529 absolute_name = (char *) name;
2532 absolute_name = alloca (strlen (name) + strlen (dirname) + 2);
2533 attach (absolute_name, dirname, name);
2536 switch (dereference)
2539 err = stat (absolute_name, &f->stat);
2542 case DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENTS:
2543 case DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_SYMLINK_TO_DIR:
2544 if (command_line_arg)
2547 err = stat (absolute_name, &f->stat);
2549 if (dereference == DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENTS)
2552 need_lstat = (err < 0
2554 : ! S_ISDIR (f->stat.st_mode));
2558 /* stat failed because of ENOENT, maybe indicating a dangling
2559 symlink. Or stat succeeded, ABSOLUTE_NAME does not refer to a
2560 directory, and --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir is
2561 in effect. Fall through so that we call lstat instead. */
2564 default: /* DEREF_NEVER */
2565 err = lstat (absolute_name, &f->stat);
2571 file_failure (command_line_arg, "%s", absolute_name);
2576 if (format == long_format)
2578 int n = file_has_acl (absolute_name, &f->stat);
2579 f->have_acl = (0 < n);
2580 any_has_acl |= f->have_acl;
2582 error (0, errno, "%s", quotearg_colon (absolute_name));
2586 if (S_ISLNK (f->stat.st_mode)
2587 && (format == long_format || check_symlink_color))
2590 struct stat linkstats;
2592 get_link_name (absolute_name, f, command_line_arg);
2593 linkname = make_link_name (absolute_name, f->linkname);
2595 /* Avoid following symbolic links when possible, ie, when
2596 they won't be traced and when no indicator is needed. */
2598 && (file_type <= indicator_style || check_symlink_color)
2599 && stat (linkname, &linkstats) == 0)
2603 /* Symbolic links to directories that are mentioned on the
2604 command line are automatically traced if not being
2606 if (!command_line_arg || format == long_format
2607 || !S_ISDIR (linkstats.st_mode))
2609 /* Get the linked-to file's mode for the filetype indicator
2610 in long listings. */
2611 f->linkmode = linkstats.st_mode;
2618 if (S_ISLNK (f->stat.st_mode))
2619 f->filetype = symbolic_link;
2620 else if (S_ISDIR (f->stat.st_mode))
2622 if (command_line_arg & !immediate_dirs)
2623 f->filetype = arg_directory;
2625 f->filetype = directory;
2628 f->filetype = normal;
2631 char buf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
2632 int len = strlen (umaxtostr (f->stat.st_ino, buf));
2633 if (inode_number_width < len)
2634 inode_number_width = len;
2637 blocks = ST_NBLOCKS (f->stat);
2639 char buf[LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1];
2640 int len = mbswidth (human_readable (blocks, buf, human_output_opts,
2641 ST_NBLOCKSIZE, output_block_size),
2643 if (block_size_width < len)
2644 block_size_width = len;
2649 int len = format_user_width (f->stat.st_uid);
2650 if (owner_width < len)
2656 int len = format_group_width (f->stat.st_gid);
2657 if (group_width < len)
2663 int len = format_user_width (f->stat.st_author);
2664 if (author_width < len)
2669 char buf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
2670 int len = strlen (umaxtostr (f->stat.st_nlink, buf));
2671 if (nlink_width < len)
2675 if (S_ISCHR (f->stat.st_mode) || S_ISBLK (f->stat.st_mode))
2677 char buf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
2678 int len = strlen (umaxtostr (major (f->stat.st_rdev), buf));
2679 if (major_device_number_width < len)
2680 major_device_number_width = len;
2681 len = strlen (umaxtostr (minor (f->stat.st_rdev), buf));
2682 if (minor_device_number_width < len)
2683 minor_device_number_width = len;
2684 len = major_device_number_width + 2 + minor_device_number_width;
2685 if (file_size_width < len)
2686 file_size_width = len;
2690 char buf[LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1];
2691 uintmax_t size = unsigned_file_size (f->stat.st_size);
2692 int len = mbswidth (human_readable (size, buf, human_output_opts,
2693 1, file_output_block_size),
2695 if (file_size_width < len)
2696 file_size_width = len;
2702 #if HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_TYPE
2703 f->stat.st_mode = DTTOIF (type);
2708 f->name = xstrdup (name);
2716 /* Put the name of the file that FILENAME is a symbolic link to
2717 into the LINKNAME field of `f'. COMMAND_LINE_ARG indicates whether
2718 FILENAME is a command-line argument. */
2721 get_link_name (char const *filename, struct fileinfo *f, bool command_line_arg)
2723 f->linkname = xreadlink (filename, f->stat.st_size);
2724 if (f->linkname == NULL)
2725 file_failure (command_line_arg, _("cannot read symbolic link %s"),
2729 /* If `linkname' is a relative name and `name' contains one or more
2730 leading directories, return `linkname' with those directories
2731 prepended; otherwise, return a copy of `linkname'.
2732 If `linkname' is zero, return zero. */
2735 make_link_name (char const *name, char const *linkname)
2743 if (*linkname == '/')
2744 return xstrdup (linkname);
2746 /* The link is to a relative name. Prepend any leading directory
2747 in `name' to the link name. */
2748 linkbuf = strrchr (name, '/');
2750 return xstrdup (linkname);
2752 bufsiz = linkbuf - name + 1;
2753 linkbuf = xmalloc (bufsiz + strlen (linkname) + 1);
2754 strncpy (linkbuf, name, bufsiz);
2755 strcpy (linkbuf + bufsiz, linkname);
2760 /* Return true if base_name (NAME) ends in `.' or `..'
2761 This is so we don't try to recurse on `././././. ...' */
2764 basename_is_dot_or_dotdot (const char *name)
2766 char const *base = base_name (name);
2767 return DOT_OR_DOTDOT (base);
2770 /* Remove any entries from FILES that are for directories,
2771 and queue them to be listed as directories instead.
2772 DIRNAME is the prefix to prepend to each dirname
2773 to make it correct relative to ls's working dir;
2774 if it is null, no prefix is needed and "." and ".." should not be ignored.
2775 If COMMAND_LINE_ARG is true, this directory was mentioned at the top level,
2776 This is desirable when processing directories recursively. */
2779 extract_dirs_from_files (char const *dirname, bool command_line_arg)
2783 bool ignore_dot_and_dot_dot = (dirname != NULL);
2785 if (dirname && LOOP_DETECT)
2787 /* Insert a marker entry first. When we dequeue this marker entry,
2788 we'll know that DIRNAME has been processed and may be removed
2789 from the set of active directories. */
2790 queue_directory (NULL, dirname, false);
2793 /* Queue the directories last one first, because queueing reverses the
2795 for (i = files_index; i-- != 0; )
2796 if ((files[i].filetype == directory || files[i].filetype == arg_directory)
2797 && (!ignore_dot_and_dot_dot
2798 || !basename_is_dot_or_dotdot (files[i].name)))
2800 if (!dirname || files[i].name[0] == '/')
2802 queue_directory (files[i].name, files[i].linkname,
2807 char *name = file_name_concat (dirname, files[i].name, NULL);
2808 queue_directory (name, files[i].linkname, command_line_arg);
2811 if (files[i].filetype == arg_directory)
2812 free (files[i].name);
2815 /* Now delete the directories from the table, compacting all the remaining
2818 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < files_index; i++)
2820 if (files[i].filetype != arg_directory)
2823 files[j] = files[i];
2830 /* Use strcoll to compare strings in this locale. If an error occurs,
2831 report an error and longjmp to failed_strcoll. */
2833 static jmp_buf failed_strcoll;
2836 xstrcoll (char const *a, char const *b)
2840 diff = strcoll (a, b);
2843 error (0, errno, _("cannot compare file names %s and %s"),
2844 quote_n (0, a), quote_n (1, b));
2845 set_exit_status (false);
2846 longjmp (failed_strcoll, 1);
2851 /* Comparison routines for sorting the files. */
2853 typedef void const *V;
2856 cmp_ctime (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2857 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2859 int diff = timespec_cmp (get_stat_ctime (&b->stat),
2860 get_stat_ctime (&a->stat));
2861 return diff ? diff : cmp (a->name, b->name);
2863 static int compare_ctime (V a, V b) { return cmp_ctime (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2864 static int compstr_ctime (V a, V b) { return cmp_ctime (a, b, strcmp); }
2865 static int rev_cmp_ctime (V a, V b) { return compare_ctime (b, a); }
2866 static int rev_str_ctime (V a, V b) { return compstr_ctime (b, a); }
2869 cmp_mtime (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2870 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2872 int diff = timespec_cmp (get_stat_mtime (&b->stat),
2873 get_stat_mtime (&a->stat));
2874 return diff ? diff : cmp (a->name, b->name);
2876 static int compare_mtime (V a, V b) { return cmp_mtime (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2877 static int compstr_mtime (V a, V b) { return cmp_mtime (a, b, strcmp); }
2878 static int rev_cmp_mtime (V a, V b) { return compare_mtime (b, a); }
2879 static int rev_str_mtime (V a, V b) { return compstr_mtime (b, a); }
2882 cmp_atime (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2883 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2885 int diff = timespec_cmp (get_stat_atime (&b->stat),
2886 get_stat_atime (&a->stat));
2887 return diff ? diff : cmp (a->name, b->name);
2889 static int compare_atime (V a, V b) { return cmp_atime (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2890 static int compstr_atime (V a, V b) { return cmp_atime (a, b, strcmp); }
2891 static int rev_cmp_atime (V a, V b) { return compare_atime (b, a); }
2892 static int rev_str_atime (V a, V b) { return compstr_atime (b, a); }
2895 cmp_size (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2896 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2898 int diff = longdiff (b->stat.st_size, a->stat.st_size);
2899 return diff ? diff : cmp (a->name, b->name);
2901 static int compare_size (V a, V b) { return cmp_size (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2902 static int compstr_size (V a, V b) { return cmp_size (a, b, strcmp); }
2903 static int rev_cmp_size (V a, V b) { return compare_size (b, a); }
2904 static int rev_str_size (V a, V b) { return compstr_size (b, a); }
2907 cmp_version (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b)
2909 return strverscmp (a->name, b->name);
2911 static int compare_version (V a, V b) { return cmp_version (a, b); }
2912 static int rev_cmp_version (V a, V b) { return compare_version (b, a); }
2915 cmp_name (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2916 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2918 return cmp (a->name, b->name);
2920 static int compare_name (V a, V b) { return cmp_name (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2921 static int compstr_name (V a, V b) { return cmp_name (a, b, strcmp); }
2922 static int rev_cmp_name (V a, V b) { return compare_name (b, a); }
2923 static int rev_str_name (V a, V b) { return compstr_name (b, a); }
2925 /* Compare file extensions. Files with no extension are `smallest'.
2926 If extensions are the same, compare by filenames instead. */
2929 cmp_extension (struct fileinfo const *a, struct fileinfo const *b,
2930 int (*cmp) (char const *, char const *))
2932 char const *base1 = strrchr (a->name, '.');
2933 char const *base2 = strrchr (b->name, '.');
2934 int diff = cmp (base1 ? base1 : "", base2 ? base2 : "");
2935 return diff ? diff : cmp (a->name, b->name);
2937 static int compare_extension (V a, V b) { return cmp_extension (a, b, xstrcoll); }
2938 static int compstr_extension (V a, V b) { return cmp_extension (a, b, strcmp); }
2939 static int rev_cmp_extension (V a, V b) { return compare_extension (b, a); }
2940 static int rev_str_extension (V a, V b) { return compstr_extension (b, a); }
2942 /* Sort the files now in the table. */
2949 /* Try strcoll. If it fails, fall back on strcmp. We can't safely
2950 ignore strcoll failures, as a failing strcoll might be a
2951 comparison function that is not a total order, and if we ignored
2952 the failure this might cause qsort to dump core. */
2954 if (! setjmp (failed_strcoll))
2964 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_ctime : compare_ctime;
2967 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_mtime : compare_mtime;
2970 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_atime : compare_atime;
2977 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_name : compare_name;
2979 case sort_extension:
2980 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_extension : compare_extension;
2983 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_size : compare_size;
2986 func = sort_reverse ? rev_cmp_version : compare_version;
3000 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_ctime : compstr_ctime;
3003 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_mtime : compstr_mtime;
3006 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_atime : compstr_atime;
3013 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_name : compstr_name;
3015 case sort_extension:
3016 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_extension : compstr_extension;
3019 func = sort_reverse ? rev_str_size : compstr_size;
3026 qsort (files, files_index, sizeof *files, func);
3029 /* List all the files now in the table. */
3032 print_current_files (void)
3039 for (i = 0; i < files_index; i++)
3041 print_file_name_and_frills (files + i);
3047 print_many_per_line ();
3051 print_horizontal ();
3055 print_with_commas ();
3059 for (i = 0; i < files_index; i++)
3061 print_long_format (files + i);
3062 DIRED_PUTCHAR ('\n');
3068 /* Return the expected number of columns in a long-format time stamp,
3069 or zero if it cannot be calculated. */
3072 long_time_expected_width (void)
3074 static int width = -1;
3079 struct tm const *tm = localtime (&epoch);
3080 char buf[TIME_STAMP_LEN_MAXIMUM + 1];
3082 /* In case you're wondering if localtime can fail with an input time_t
3083 value of 0, let's just say it's very unlikely, but not inconceivable.
3084 The TZ environment variable would have to specify a time zone that
3085 is 2**31-1900 years or more ahead of UTC. This could happen only on
3086 a 64-bit system that blindly accepts e.g., TZ=UTC+20000000000000.
3087 However, this is not possible with Solaris 10 or glibc-2.3.5, since
3088 their implementations limit the offset to 167:59 and 24:00, resp. */
3092 nstrftime (buf, sizeof buf, long_time_format[0], tm, 0, 0);
3094 width = mbsnwidth (buf, len, 0);
3104 /* Get the current time. */
3107 get_current_time (void)
3109 #if HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME && defined CLOCK_REALTIME
3111 struct timespec timespec;
3112 if (clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, ×pec) == 0)
3114 current_time = timespec.tv_sec;
3115 current_time_ns = timespec.tv_nsec;
3121 /* The clock does not have nanosecond resolution, so get the maximum
3122 possible value for the current time that is consistent with the
3123 reported clock. That way, files are not considered to be in the
3124 future merely because their time stamps have higher resolution
3125 than the clock resolution. */
3127 #if HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY
3129 struct timeval timeval;
3130 gettimeofday (&timeval, NULL);
3131 current_time = timeval.tv_sec;
3132 current_time_ns = timeval.tv_usec * 1000 + 999;
3135 current_time = time (NULL);
3136 current_time_ns = 999999999;
3140 /* Print the user or group name NAME, with numeric id ID, using a
3141 print width of WIDTH columns. */
3144 format_user_or_group (char const *name, unsigned long int id, int width)
3150 int width_gap = width - mbswidth (name, 0);
3151 int pad = MAX (0, width_gap);
3152 fputs (name, stdout);
3153 len = strlen (name) + pad;
3161 printf ("%*lu ", width, id);
3165 dired_pos += len + 1;
3168 /* Print the name or id of the user with id U, using a print width of
3172 format_user (uid_t u, int width)
3174 format_user_or_group (numeric_ids ? NULL : getuser (u), u, width);
3177 /* Likewise, for groups. */
3180 format_group (gid_t g, int width)
3182 format_user_or_group (numeric_ids ? NULL : getgroup (g), g, width);
3185 /* Return the number of columns that format_user_or_group will print. */
3188 format_user_or_group_width (char const *name, unsigned long int id)
3192 int len = mbswidth (name, 0);
3193 return MAX (0, len);
3197 char buf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (unsigned long int)];
3198 sprintf (buf, "%lu", id);
3199 return strlen (buf);
3203 /* Return the number of columns that format_user will print. */
3206 format_user_width (uid_t u)
3208 return format_user_or_group_width (numeric_ids ? NULL : getuser (u), u);
3211 /* Likewise, for groups. */
3214 format_group_width (gid_t g)
3216 return format_user_or_group_width (numeric_ids ? NULL : getgroup (g), g);
3220 /* Print information about F in long format. */
3223 print_long_format (const struct fileinfo *f)
3227 [LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1 /* inode */
3228 + LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1 /* size in blocks */
3229 + sizeof (modebuf) - 1 + 1 /* mode string */
3230 + INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t) /* st_nlink */
3231 + LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 2 /* major device number */
3232 + LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1 /* minor device number */
3233 + TIME_STAMP_LEN_MAXIMUM + 1 /* max length of time/date */
3239 struct timespec when_timespec;
3240 struct tm *when_local;
3242 /* Compute mode string. On most systems, it's based on st_mode.
3243 On systems with migration (via the stat.st_dm_mode field), use
3244 the file's migrated status. */
3245 mode_string (ST_DM_MODE (f->stat), modebuf);
3247 modebuf[10] = (FILE_HAS_ACL (f) ? '+' : ' ');
3248 modebuf[10 + any_has_acl] = '\0';
3253 when_timespec = get_stat_ctime (&f->stat);
3256 when_timespec = get_stat_mtime (&f->stat);
3259 when_timespec = get_stat_atime (&f->stat);
3263 when = when_timespec.tv_sec;
3264 when_ns = when_timespec.tv_nsec;
3270 char hbuf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
3271 sprintf (p, "%*s ", inode_number_width,
3272 umaxtostr (f->stat.st_ino, hbuf));
3273 p += inode_number_width + 1;
3276 if (print_block_size)
3278 char hbuf[LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1];
3279 char const *blocks =
3280 human_readable (ST_NBLOCKS (f->stat), hbuf, human_output_opts,
3281 ST_NBLOCKSIZE, output_block_size);
3283 for (pad = block_size_width - mbswidth (blocks, 0); 0 < pad; pad--)
3285 while ((*p++ = *blocks++))
3290 /* The last byte of the mode string is the POSIX
3291 "optional alternate access method flag". */
3293 char hbuf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
3294 sprintf (p, "%s %*s ", modebuf, nlink_width,
3295 umaxtostr (f->stat.st_nlink, hbuf));
3297 p += sizeof modebuf - 2 + any_has_acl + 1 + nlink_width + 1;
3301 if (print_owner | print_group | print_author)
3303 DIRED_FPUTS (buf, stdout, p - buf);
3306 format_user (f->stat.st_uid, owner_width);
3309 format_group (f->stat.st_gid, group_width);
3312 format_user (f->stat.st_author, author_width);
3317 if (S_ISCHR (f->stat.st_mode) || S_ISBLK (f->stat.st_mode))
3319 char majorbuf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
3320 char minorbuf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t)];
3321 int blanks_width = (file_size_width
3322 - (major_device_number_width + 2
3323 + minor_device_number_width));
3324 sprintf (p, "%*s, %*s ",
3325 major_device_number_width + MAX (0, blanks_width),
3326 umaxtostr (major (f->stat.st_rdev), majorbuf),
3327 minor_device_number_width,
3328 umaxtostr (minor (f->stat.st_rdev), minorbuf));
3329 p += file_size_width + 1;
3333 char hbuf[LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1];
3335 human_readable (unsigned_file_size (f->stat.st_size),
3336 hbuf, human_output_opts, 1, file_output_block_size);
3338 for (pad = file_size_width - mbswidth (size, 0); 0 < pad; pad--)
3340 while ((*p++ = *size++))
3345 when_local = localtime (&when_timespec.tv_sec);
3351 time_t six_months_ago;
3355 /* If the file appears to be in the future, update the current
3356 time, in case the file happens to have been modified since
3357 the last time we checked the clock. */
3358 if (current_time < when
3359 || (current_time == when && current_time_ns < when_ns))
3361 /* Note that get_current_time calls gettimeofday which, on some non-
3362 compliant systems, clobbers the buffer used for localtime's result.
3363 But it's ok here, because we use a gettimeofday wrapper that
3364 saves and restores the buffer around the gettimeofday call. */
3365 get_current_time ();
3368 /* Consider a time to be recent if it is within the past six
3369 months. A Gregorian year has 365.2425 * 24 * 60 * 60 ==
3370 31556952 seconds on the average. Write this value as an
3371 integer constant to avoid floating point hassles. */
3372 six_months_ago = current_time - 31556952 / 2;
3373 recent = (six_months_ago <= when
3374 && (when < current_time
3375 || (when == current_time && when_ns <= current_time_ns)));
3376 fmt = long_time_format[recent];
3378 s = nstrftime (p, TIME_STAMP_LEN_MAXIMUM + 1, fmt,
3379 when_local, 0, when_ns);
3387 /* NUL-terminate the string -- fputs (via DIRED_FPUTS) requires it. */
3392 /* The time cannot be converted using the desired format, so
3393 print it as a huge integer number of seconds. */
3394 char hbuf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (intmax_t)];
3395 sprintf (p, "%*s ", long_time_expected_width (),
3396 (TYPE_SIGNED (time_t)
3397 ? imaxtostr (when, hbuf)
3398 : umaxtostr (when, hbuf)));
3402 DIRED_FPUTS (buf, stdout, p - buf);
3403 print_name_with_quoting (f->name, FILE_OR_LINK_MODE (f), f->linkok,
3406 if (f->filetype == symbolic_link)
3410 DIRED_FPUTS_LITERAL (" -> ", stdout);
3411 print_name_with_quoting (f->linkname, f->linkmode, f->linkok - 1,
3413 if (indicator_style != none)
3414 print_type_indicator (f->linkmode);
3417 else if (indicator_style != none)
3418 print_type_indicator (f->stat.st_mode);
3421 /* Output to OUT a quoted representation of the file name NAME,
3422 using OPTIONS to control quoting. Produce no output if OUT is NULL.
3423 Store the number of screen columns occupied by NAME's quoted
3424 representation into WIDTH, if non-NULL. Return the number of bytes
3428 quote_name (FILE *out, const char *name, struct quoting_options const *options,
3431 char smallbuf[BUFSIZ];
3432 size_t len = quotearg_buffer (smallbuf, sizeof smallbuf, name, -1, options);
3434 size_t displayed_width IF_LINT (= 0);
3436 if (len < sizeof smallbuf)
3440 buf = alloca (len + 1);
3441 quotearg_buffer (buf, len + 1, name, -1, options);
3444 if (qmark_funny_chars)
3449 char const *p = buf;
3450 char const *plimit = buf + len;
3452 displayed_width = 0;
3457 case ' ': case '!': case '"': case '#': case '%':
3458 case '&': case '\'': case '(': case ')': case '*':
3459 case '+': case ',': case '-': case '.': case '/':
3460 case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
3461 case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
3462 case ':': case ';': case '<': case '=': case '>':
3464 case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E':
3465 case 'F': case 'G': case 'H': case 'I': case 'J':
3466 case 'K': case 'L': case 'M': case 'N': case 'O':
3467 case 'P': case 'Q': case 'R': case 'S': case 'T':
3468 case 'U': case 'V': case 'W': case 'X': case 'Y':
3470 case '[': case '\\': case ']': case '^': case '_':
3471 case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e':
3472 case 'f': case 'g': case 'h': case 'i': case 'j':
3473 case 'k': case 'l': case 'm': case 'n': case 'o':
3474 case 'p': case 'q': case 'r': case 's': case 't':
3475 case 'u': case 'v': case 'w': case 'x': case 'y':
3476 case 'z': case '{': case '|': case '}': case '~':
3477 /* These characters are printable ASCII characters. */
3479 displayed_width += 1;
3482 /* If we have a multibyte sequence, copy it until we
3483 reach its end, replacing each non-printable multibyte
3484 character with a single question mark. */
3487 memset (&mbstate, 0, sizeof mbstate);
3494 bytes = mbrtowc (&wc, p, plimit - p, &mbstate);
3496 if (bytes == (size_t) -1)
3498 /* An invalid multibyte sequence was
3499 encountered. Skip one input byte, and
3500 put a question mark. */
3503 displayed_width += 1;
3507 if (bytes == (size_t) -2)
3509 /* An incomplete multibyte character
3510 at the end. Replace it entirely with
3514 displayed_width += 1;
3519 /* A null wide character was encountered. */
3525 /* A printable multibyte character.
3527 for (; bytes > 0; --bytes)
3529 displayed_width += w;
3533 /* An unprintable multibyte character.
3534 Replace it entirely with a question
3538 displayed_width += 1;
3541 while (! mbsinit (&mbstate));
3546 /* The buffer may have shrunk. */
3553 char const *plimit = buf + len;
3557 if (! ISPRINT (to_uchar (*p)))
3561 displayed_width = len;
3564 else if (width != NULL)
3568 displayed_width = mbsnwidth (buf, len, 0);
3572 char const *p = buf;
3573 char const *plimit = buf + len;
3575 displayed_width = 0;
3578 if (ISPRINT (to_uchar (*p)))
3586 fwrite (buf, 1, len, out);
3588 *width = displayed_width;
3593 print_name_with_quoting (const char *p, mode_t mode, int linkok,
3594 struct obstack *stack)
3596 if (print_with_color)
3597 print_color_indicator (p, mode, linkok);
3600 PUSH_CURRENT_DIRED_POS (stack);
3602 dired_pos += quote_name (stdout, p, filename_quoting_options, NULL);
3605 PUSH_CURRENT_DIRED_POS (stack);
3607 if (print_with_color)
3610 prep_non_filename_text ();
3615 prep_non_filename_text (void)
3617 if (color_indicator[C_END].string != NULL)
3618 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_END]);
3621 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_LEFT]);
3622 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_NORM]);
3623 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_RIGHT]);
3627 /* Print the file name of `f' with appropriate quoting.
3628 Also print file size, inode number, and filetype indicator character,
3629 as requested by switches. */
3632 print_file_name_and_frills (const struct fileinfo *f)
3634 char buf[MAX (LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1, INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t))];
3637 printf ("%*s ", format == with_commas ? 0 : inode_number_width,
3638 umaxtostr (f->stat.st_ino, buf));
3640 if (print_block_size)
3641 printf ("%*s ", format == with_commas ? 0 : block_size_width,
3642 human_readable (ST_NBLOCKS (f->stat), buf, human_output_opts,
3643 ST_NBLOCKSIZE, output_block_size));
3645 print_name_with_quoting (f->name, FILE_OR_LINK_MODE (f), f->linkok, NULL);
3647 if (indicator_style != none)
3648 print_type_indicator (f->stat.st_mode);
3652 print_type_indicator (mode_t mode)
3658 if (indicator_style == classify && (mode & S_IXUGO))
3667 else if (indicator_style == slash)
3669 else if (S_ISLNK (mode))
3671 else if (S_ISFIFO (mode))
3673 else if (S_ISSOCK (mode))
3675 else if (S_ISDOOR (mode))
3686 print_color_indicator (const char *name, mode_t mode, int linkok)
3689 struct color_ext_type *ext; /* Color extension */
3690 size_t len; /* Length of name */
3692 /* Is this a nonexistent file? If so, linkok == -1. */
3694 if (linkok == -1 && color_indicator[C_MISSING].string != NULL)
3703 if ((mode & S_ISVTX) && (mode & S_IWOTH))
3704 type = C_STICKY_OTHER_WRITABLE;
3705 else if ((mode & S_IWOTH) != 0)
3706 type = C_OTHER_WRITABLE;
3707 else if ((mode & S_ISVTX) != 0)
3712 else if (S_ISLNK (mode))
3713 type = ((!linkok && color_indicator[C_ORPHAN].string)
3714 ? C_ORPHAN : C_LINK);
3715 else if (S_ISFIFO (mode))
3717 else if (S_ISSOCK (mode))
3719 else if (S_ISBLK (mode))
3721 else if (S_ISCHR (mode))
3723 else if (S_ISDOOR (mode))
3728 if ((mode & S_ISUID) != 0)
3730 else if ((mode & S_ISGID) != 0)
3732 else if ((mode & S_IXUGO) != 0)
3736 /* Check the file's suffix only if still classified as C_FILE. */
3740 /* Test if NAME has a recognized suffix. */
3742 len = strlen (name);
3743 name += len; /* Pointer to final \0. */
3744 for (ext = color_ext_list; ext != NULL; ext = ext->next)
3746 if (ext->ext.len <= len
3747 && strncmp (name - ext->ext.len, ext->ext.string,
3754 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_LEFT]);
3755 put_indicator (ext ? &(ext->seq) : &color_indicator[type]);
3756 put_indicator (&color_indicator[C_RIGHT]);
3759 /* Output a color indicator (which may contain nulls). */
3761 put_indicator (const struct bin_str *ind)
3768 for (i = ind->len; i != 0; --i)
3773 length_of_file_name_and_frills (const struct fileinfo *f)
3777 char buf[MAX (LONGEST_HUMAN_READABLE + 1, INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (uintmax_t))];
3780 len += 1 + (format == with_commas
3781 ? strlen (umaxtostr (f->stat.st_ino, buf))
3782 : inode_number_width);
3784 if (print_block_size)
3785 len += 1 + (format == with_commas
3786 ? strlen (human_readable (ST_NBLOCKS (f->stat), buf,
3787 human_output_opts, ST_NBLOCKSIZE,
3789 : block_size_width);
3791 quote_name (NULL, f->name, filename_quoting_options, &name_width);
3794 if (indicator_style != none)
3796 mode_t mode = f->stat.st_mode;
3798 len += (S_ISREG (mode)
3799 ? (indicator_style == classify && (mode & S_IXUGO))
3801 || (indicator_style != slash
3805 || S_ISDOOR (mode)))));
3812 print_many_per_line (void)
3814 size_t row; /* Current row. */
3815 size_t cols = calculate_columns (true);
3816 struct column_info const *line_fmt = &column_info[cols - 1];
3818 /* Calculate the number of rows that will be in each column except possibly
3819 for a short column on the right. */
3820 size_t rows = files_index / cols + (files_index % cols != 0);
3822 for (row = 0; row < rows; row++)
3825 size_t filesno = row;
3828 /* Print the next row. */
3831 size_t name_length = length_of_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3832 size_t max_name_length = line_fmt->col_arr[col++];
3833 print_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3836 if (filesno >= files_index)
3839 indent (pos + name_length, pos + max_name_length);
3840 pos += max_name_length;
3847 print_horizontal (void)
3851 size_t cols = calculate_columns (false);
3852 struct column_info const *line_fmt = &column_info[cols - 1];
3853 size_t name_length = length_of_file_name_and_frills (files);
3854 size_t max_name_length = line_fmt->col_arr[0];
3856 /* Print first entry. */
3857 print_file_name_and_frills (files);
3860 for (filesno = 1; filesno < files_index; ++filesno)
3862 size_t col = filesno % cols;
3871 indent (pos + name_length, pos + max_name_length);
3872 pos += max_name_length;
3875 print_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3877 name_length = length_of_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3878 max_name_length = line_fmt->col_arr[col];
3884 print_with_commas (void)
3889 for (filesno = 0; filesno < files_index; filesno++)
3891 size_t len = length_of_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3897 if (pos + len + 2 < line_length)
3909 putchar (separator);
3912 print_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
3918 /* Assuming cursor is at position FROM, indent up to position TO.
3919 Use a TAB character instead of two or more spaces whenever possible. */
3922 indent (size_t from, size_t to)
3926 if (tabsize != 0 && to / tabsize > (from + 1) / tabsize)
3929 from += tabsize - from % tabsize;
3939 /* Put DIRNAME/NAME into DEST, handling `.' and `/' properly. */
3940 /* FIXME: maybe remove this function someday. See about using a
3941 non-malloc'ing version of file_name_concat. */
3944 attach (char *dest, const char *dirname, const char *name)
3946 const char *dirnamep = dirname;
3948 /* Copy dirname if it is not ".". */
3949 if (dirname[0] != '.' || dirname[1] != 0)
3952 *dest++ = *dirnamep++;
3953 /* Add '/' if `dirname' doesn't already end with it. */
3954 if (dirnamep > dirname && dirnamep[-1] != '/')
3962 /* Allocate enough column info suitable for the current number of
3963 files and display columns, and initialize the info to represent the
3964 narrowest possible columns. */
3967 init_column_info (void)
3970 size_t max_cols = MIN (max_idx, files_index);
3972 /* Currently allocated columns in column_info. */
3973 static size_t column_info_alloc;
3975 if (column_info_alloc < max_cols)
3977 size_t new_column_info_alloc;
3980 if (max_cols < max_idx / 2)
3982 /* The number of columns is far less than the display width
3983 allows. Grow the allocation, but only so that it's
3984 double the current requirements. If the display is
3985 extremely wide, this avoids allocating a lot of memory
3986 that is never needed. */
3987 column_info = xnrealloc (column_info, max_cols,
3988 2 * sizeof *column_info);
3989 new_column_info_alloc = 2 * max_cols;
3993 column_info = xnrealloc (column_info, max_idx, sizeof *column_info);
3994 new_column_info_alloc = max_idx;
3997 /* Allocate the new size_t objects by computing the triangle
3998 formula n * (n + 1) / 2, except that we don't need to
3999 allocate the part of the triangle that we've already
4000 allocated. Check for address arithmetic overflow. */
4002 size_t column_info_growth = new_column_info_alloc - column_info_alloc;
4003 size_t s = column_info_alloc + 1 + new_column_info_alloc;
4004 size_t t = s * column_info_growth;
4005 if (s < new_column_info_alloc || t / column_info_growth != s)
4007 p = xnmalloc (t / 2, sizeof *p);
4010 /* Grow the triangle by parceling out the cells just allocated. */
4011 for (i = column_info_alloc; i < new_column_info_alloc; i++)
4013 column_info[i].col_arr = p;
4017 column_info_alloc = new_column_info_alloc;
4020 for (i = 0; i < max_cols; ++i)
4024 column_info[i].valid_len = true;
4025 column_info[i].line_len = (i + 1) * MIN_COLUMN_WIDTH;
4026 for (j = 0; j <= i; ++j)
4027 column_info[i].col_arr[j] = MIN_COLUMN_WIDTH;
4031 /* Calculate the number of columns needed to represent the current set
4032 of files in the current display width. */
4035 calculate_columns (bool by_columns)
4037 size_t filesno; /* Index into files. */
4038 size_t cols; /* Number of files across. */
4040 /* Normally the maximum number of columns is determined by the
4041 screen width. But if few files are available this might limit it
4043 size_t max_cols = MIN (max_idx, files_index);
4045 init_column_info ();
4047 /* Compute the maximum number of possible columns. */
4048 for (filesno = 0; filesno < files_index; ++filesno)
4050 size_t name_length = length_of_file_name_and_frills (files + filesno);
4053 for (i = 0; i < max_cols; ++i)
4055 if (column_info[i].valid_len)
4057 size_t idx = (by_columns
4058 ? filesno / ((files_index + i) / (i + 1))
4059 : filesno % (i + 1));
4060 size_t real_length = name_length + (idx == i ? 0 : 2);
4062 if (column_info[i].col_arr[idx] < real_length)
4064 column_info[i].line_len += (real_length
4065 - column_info[i].col_arr[idx]);
4066 column_info[i].col_arr[idx] = real_length;
4067 column_info[i].valid_len = (column_info[i].line_len
4074 /* Find maximum allowed columns. */
4075 for (cols = max_cols; 1 < cols; --cols)
4077 if (column_info[cols - 1].valid_len)
4087 if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
4088 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
4092 printf (_("Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n"), program_name);
4094 List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).\n\
4095 Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuSUX nor --sort.\n\
4099 Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n\
4102 -a, --all do not ignore entries starting with .\n\
4103 -A, --almost-all do not list implied . and ..\n\
4104 --author with -l, print the author of each file\n\
4105 -b, --escape print octal escapes for nongraphic characters\n\
4108 --block-size=SIZE use SIZE-byte blocks\n\
4109 -B, --ignore-backups do not list implied entries ending with ~\n\
4110 -c with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last\n\
4111 modification of file status information)\n\
4112 with -l: show ctime and sort by name\n\
4113 otherwise: sort by ctime\n\
4116 -C list entries by columns\n\
4117 --color[=WHEN] control whether color is used to distinguish file\n\
4118 types. WHEN may be `never', `always', or `auto'\n\
4119 -d, --directory list directory entries instead of contents,\n\
4120 and do not dereference symbolic links\n\
4121 -D, --dired generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode\n\
4124 -f do not sort, enable -aU, disable -lst\n\
4125 -F, --classify append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries\n\
4126 --file-type likewise, except do not append `*'\n\
4127 --format=WORD across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l,\n\
4128 single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C\n\
4129 --full-time like -l --time-style=full-iso\n\
4132 -g like -l, but do not list owner\n\
4133 -G, --no-group like -l, but do not list group\n\
4134 -h, --human-readable with -l, print sizes in human readable format\n\
4135 (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)\n\
4136 --si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024\n\
4137 -H, --dereference-command-line\n\
4138 follow symbolic links listed on the command line\n\
4139 --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir\n\
4140 follow each command line symbolic link\n\
4141 that points to a directory\n\
4142 --hide=PATTERN do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN\n\
4143 (overridden by -a or -A)\n\
4146 --indicator-style=WORD append indicator with style WORD to entry names:\n\
4147 none (default), slash (-p),\n\
4148 file-type (--file-type), classify (-F)\n\
4149 -i, --inode with -l, print the index number of each file\n\
4150 -I, --ignore=PATTERN do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN\n\
4151 -k like --block-size=1K\n\
4154 -l use a long listing format\n\
4155 -L, --dereference when showing file information for a symbolic\n\
4156 link, show information for the file the link\n\
4157 references rather than for the link itself\n\
4158 -m fill width with a comma separated list of entries\n\
4161 -n, --numeric-uid-gid like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs\n\
4162 -N, --literal print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control\n\
4163 characters specially)\n\
4164 -o like -l, but do not list group information\n\
4165 -p, --indicator-style=slash\n\
4166 append / indicator to directories\n\
4169 -q, --hide-control-chars print ? instead of non graphic characters\n\
4170 --show-control-chars show non graphic characters as-is (default\n\
4171 unless program is `ls' and output is a terminal)\n\
4172 -Q, --quote-name enclose entry names in double quotes\n\
4173 --quoting-style=WORD use quoting style WORD for entry names:\n\
4174 literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape\n\
4177 -r, --reverse reverse order while sorting\n\
4178 -R, --recursive list subdirectories recursively\n\
4179 -s, --size with -l, print size of each file, in blocks\n\
4182 -S sort by file size\n\
4183 --sort=WORD extension -X, none -U, size -S, time -t,\n\
4184 version -v, status -c, time -t, atime -u,\n\
4185 access -u, use -u\n\
4186 --time=WORD with -l, show time as WORD instead of modification\n\
4187 time: atime, access, use, ctime or status; use\n\
4188 specified time as sort key if --sort=time\n\
4191 --time-style=STYLE with -l, show times using style STYLE:\n\
4192 full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, +FORMAT.\n\
4193 FORMAT is interpreted like `date'; if FORMAT is\n\
4194 FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, FORMAT1 applies to\n\
4195 non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files;\n\
4196 if STYLE is prefixed with `posix-', STYLE\n\
4197 takes effect only outside the POSIX locale\n\
4198 -t sort by modification time\n\
4199 -T, --tabsize=COLS assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8\n\
4202 -u with -lt: sort by, and show, access time\n\
4203 with -l: show access time and sort by name\n\
4204 otherwise: sort by access time\n\
4205 -U do not sort; list entries in directory order\n\
4206 -v sort by version\n\
4209 -w, --width=COLS assume screen width instead of current value\n\
4210 -x list entries by lines instead of by columns\n\
4211 -X sort alphabetically by entry extension\n\
4212 -1 list one file per line\n\
4214 fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
4215 fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
4217 SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following:\n\
4218 kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.\n\
4222 By default, color is not used to distinguish types of files. That is\n\
4223 equivalent to using --color=none. Using the --color option without the\n\
4224 optional WHEN argument is equivalent to using --color=always. With\n\
4225 --color=auto, color codes are output only if standard output is connected\n\
4226 to a terminal (tty). The environment variable LS_COLORS can influence the\n\
4227 colors, and can be set easily by the dircolors command.\n\
4231 Exit status is 0 if OK, 1 if minor problems, 2 if serious trouble.\n\
4233 printf (_("\nReport bugs to <%s>.\n"), PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);