1 /* install - copy files and set attributes
2 Copyright (C) 89, 90, 91, 1995-2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
18 /* Written by David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu> */
27 #include <sys/types.h>
32 #include "backupfile.h"
38 #include "modechange.h"
39 #include "path-concat.h"
43 /* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */
44 #define PROGRAM_NAME "install"
46 #define AUTHORS "David MacKenzie"
49 # include <sys/wait.h>
56 struct passwd *getpwnam ();
57 struct group *getgrnam ();
59 #ifndef _POSIX_VERSION
65 # define endgrent() ((void) 0)
69 # define endpwent() ((void) 0)
72 /* Initial number of entries in each hash table entry's table of inodes. */
73 #define INITIAL_HASH_MODULE 100
75 /* Initial number of entries in the inode hash table. */
76 #define INITIAL_ENTRY_TAB_SIZE 70
78 /* Number of bytes of a file to copy at a time. */
79 #define READ_SIZE (32 * 1024)
86 static int change_timestamps PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to));
87 static int change_attributes PARAMS ((const char *path));
88 static int copy_file PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to,
89 const struct cp_options *x));
90 static int install_file_to_path PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to,
91 const struct cp_options *x));
92 static int install_file_in_dir PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to_dir,
93 const struct cp_options *x));
94 static int install_file_in_file PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to,
95 const struct cp_options *x));
96 static void get_ids PARAMS ((void));
97 static void strip PARAMS ((const char *path));
98 void usage PARAMS ((int status));
100 /* The name this program was run with, for error messages. */
103 /* The user name that will own the files, or NULL to make the owner
104 the current user ID. */
105 static char *owner_name;
107 /* The user ID corresponding to `owner_name'. */
108 static uid_t owner_id;
110 /* The group name that will own the files, or NULL to make the group
111 the current group ID. */
112 static char *group_name;
114 /* The group ID corresponding to `group_name'. */
115 static gid_t group_id;
117 /* The permissions to which the files will be set. The umask has
119 static mode_t mode = S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH;
121 /* If nonzero, strip executable files after copying them. */
122 static int strip_files;
124 /* If nonzero, install a directory instead of a regular file. */
127 static struct option const long_options[] =
129 {"backup", optional_argument, NULL, 'b'},
130 {"directory", no_argument, NULL, 'd'},
131 {"group", required_argument, NULL, 'g'},
132 {"mode", required_argument, NULL, 'm'},
133 {"owner", required_argument, NULL, 'o'},
134 {"preserve-timestamps", no_argument, NULL, 'p'},
135 {"strip", no_argument, NULL, 's'},
136 {"suffix", required_argument, NULL, 'S'},
137 {"version-control", required_argument, NULL, 'V'}, /* Deprecated. FIXME. */
138 {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
139 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
140 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
145 cp_option_init (struct cp_options *x)
147 x->copy_as_regular = 1;
148 x->dereference = DEREF_ALWAYS;
149 x->unlink_dest_before_opening = 1;
150 x->unlink_dest_after_failed_open = 0;
152 /* If unlink fails, try to proceed anyway. */
153 x->failed_unlink_is_fatal = 0;
158 x->myeuid = geteuid ();
159 x->one_file_system = 0;
160 x->preserve_owner_and_group = 0;
161 x->preserve_chmod_bits = 0;
162 x->preserve_timestamps = 0;
163 x->require_preserve = 0;
165 x->sparse_mode = SPARSE_AUTO;
166 x->symbolic_link = 0;
167 x->backup_type = none;
169 /* Create destination files initially writable so we can run strip on them.
170 Although GNU strip works fine on read-only files, some others
173 x->mode = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
182 main (int argc, char **argv)
186 const char *specified_mode = NULL;
187 int make_backups = 0;
188 char *backup_suffix_string;
189 char *version_control_string = NULL;
190 int mkdir_and_install = 0;
195 program_name = argv[0];
196 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
197 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
198 textdomain (PACKAGE);
200 atexit (close_stdout);
210 /* FIXME: consider not calling getenv for SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX unless
211 we'll actually use backup_suffix_string. */
212 backup_suffix_string = getenv ("SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX");
214 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "bcsDdg:m:o:pvV:S:", long_options,
222 case 'V': /* FIXME: this is deprecated. Remove it in 2001. */
224 _("warning: --version-control (-V) is obsolete; support for\
225 it\nwill be removed in some future release. Use --backup=%s instead."
232 version_control_string = optarg;
243 mkdir_and_install = 1;
252 specified_mode = optarg;
258 x.preserve_timestamps = 1;
262 backup_suffix_string = optarg;
264 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
265 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
271 /* Check for invalid combinations of arguments. */
272 if (dir_arg && strip_files)
274 _("the strip option may not be used when installing a directory"));
276 if (backup_suffix_string)
277 simple_backup_suffix = xstrdup (backup_suffix_string);
279 x.backup_type = (make_backups
280 ? xget_version (_("backup type"),
281 version_control_string)
284 n_files = argc - optind;
285 file = argv + optind;
287 if (n_files == 0 || (n_files == 1 && !dir_arg))
289 error (0, 0, _("too few arguments"));
295 struct mode_change *change = mode_compile (specified_mode, 0);
296 if (change == MODE_INVALID)
297 error (1, 0, _("invalid mode %s"), quote (specified_mode));
298 else if (change == MODE_MEMORY_EXHAUSTED)
300 mode = mode_adjust (0, change);
308 for (i = 0; i < n_files; i++)
311 make_path (file[i], mode, mode, owner_id, group_id, 0,
312 (x.verbose ? _("creating directory %s") : NULL));
317 /* FIXME: it's a little gross that this initialization is
318 required by copy.c::copy. */
319 hash_init (INITIAL_HASH_MODULE, INITIAL_ENTRY_TAB_SIZE);
323 if (mkdir_and_install)
324 errors = install_file_to_path (file[0], file[1], &x);
325 else if (!isdir (file[1]))
326 errors = install_file_in_file (file[0], file[1], &x);
328 errors = install_file_in_dir (file[0], file[1], &x);
333 const char *dest = file[n_files - 1];
337 _("installing multiple files, but last argument, %s \
338 is not a directory"),
342 for (i = 0; i < n_files - 1; i++)
344 errors |= install_file_in_dir (file[i], dest, &x);
352 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO, creating any missing parent directories of TO.
353 Return 0 if successful, 1 if an error occurs */
356 install_file_to_path (const char *from, const char *to,
357 const struct cp_options *x)
362 dest_dir = dir_name (to);
364 /* check to make sure this is a path (not install a b ) */
365 if (!STREQ (dest_dir, ".")
366 && !isdir (dest_dir))
368 /* Someone will probably ask for a new option or three to specify
369 owner, group, and permissions for parent directories. Remember
370 that this option is intended mainly to help installers when the
371 distribution doesn't provide proper install rules. */
372 #define DIR_MODE (S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH)
373 fail = make_path (dest_dir, DIR_MODE, DIR_MODE, owner_id, group_id, 0,
374 (x->verbose ? _("creating directory %s") : NULL));
378 fail = install_file_in_file (from, to, x);
385 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO and give TO the appropriate
387 Return 0 if successful, 1 if an error occurs. */
390 install_file_in_file (const char *from, const char *to,
391 const struct cp_options *x)
393 if (copy_file (from, to, x))
397 if (change_attributes (to))
399 if (x->preserve_timestamps)
400 return change_timestamps (from, to);
404 /* Copy file FROM into directory TO_DIR, keeping its same name,
405 and give the copy the appropriate attributes.
406 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
409 install_file_in_dir (const char *from, const char *to_dir,
410 const struct cp_options *x)
412 const char *from_base;
416 from_base = base_name (from);
417 to = path_concat (to_dir, from_base, NULL);
418 ret = install_file_in_file (from, to, x);
423 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO, creating TO if necessary.
424 Return 0 if the copy is successful, 1 if not. */
427 copy_file (const char *from, const char *to, const struct cp_options *x)
430 int nonexistent_dst = 0;
433 /* Allow installing from non-regular files like /dev/null.
434 Charles Karney reported that some Sun version of install allows that
435 and that sendmail's installation process relies on the behavior. */
438 error (0, 0, _("%s is a directory"), quote (from));
442 fail = copy (from, to, nonexistent_dst, x, ©_into_self, NULL);
447 /* Set the attributes of file or directory PATH.
448 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
451 change_attributes (const char *path)
455 /* chown must precede chmod because on some systems,
456 chown clears the set[ug]id bits for non-superusers,
457 resulting in incorrect permissions.
458 On System V, users can give away files with chown and then not
459 be able to chmod them. So don't give files away.
461 We don't normally ignore errors from chown because the idea of
462 the install command is that the file is supposed to end up with
463 precisely the attributes that the user specified (or defaulted).
464 If the file doesn't end up with the group they asked for, they'll
465 want to know. But AFS returns EPERM when you try to change a
466 file's group; thus the kludge. */
468 if (chown (path, owner_id, group_id)
474 error (0, errno, "cannot change ownership of %s", quote (path));
478 if (!err && chmod (path, mode))
480 error (0, errno, "cannot change permissions of %s", quote (path));
487 /* Set the timestamps of file TO to match those of file FROM.
488 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
491 change_timestamps (const char *from, const char *to)
496 if (stat (from, &stb))
498 error (0, errno, _("cannot obtain time stamps for %s"), quote (from));
502 /* There's currently no interface to set file timestamps with
503 better than 1-second resolution, so discard any fractional
504 part of the source timestamp. */
506 utb.actime = stb.st_atime;
507 utb.modtime = stb.st_mtime;
508 if (utime (to, &utb))
510 error (0, errno, _("cannot set time stamps for %s"), quote (to));
516 /* Strip the symbol table from the file PATH.
517 We could dig the magic number out of the file first to
518 determine whether to strip it, but the header files and
519 magic numbers vary so much from system to system that making
520 it portable would be very difficult. Not worth the effort. */
523 strip (const char *path)
531 error (1, errno, _("cannot fork"));
534 execlp ("strip", "strip", path, NULL);
535 error (1, errno, _("cannot run strip"));
537 default: /* Parent. */
538 /* Parent process. */
539 while (pid != wait (&status)) /* Wait for kid to finish. */
542 error (1, 0, _("strip failed"));
547 /* Initialize the user and group ownership of the files to install. */
557 pw = getpwnam (owner_name);
561 if (xstrtol (owner_name, NULL, 0, &tmp_long, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
562 || tmp_long < 0 || tmp_long > UID_T_MAX)
563 error (1, 0, _("invalid user %s"), quote (owner_name));
564 owner_id = (uid_t) tmp_long;
567 owner_id = pw->pw_uid;
571 owner_id = (uid_t) -1;
575 gr = getgrnam (group_name);
579 if (xstrtol (group_name, NULL, 0, &tmp_long, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
580 || tmp_long < 0 || tmp_long > GID_T_MAX)
581 error (1, 0, _("invalid group %s"), quote (group_name));
582 group_id = (gid_t) tmp_long;
585 group_id = gr->gr_gid;
589 group_id = (gid_t) -1;
596 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
601 Usage: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST (1st format)\n\
602 or: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY (2nd format)\n\
603 or: %s -d [OPTION]... DIRECTORY... (3rd format)\n\
605 program_name, program_name, program_name);
607 In the first two formats, copy SOURCE to DEST or multiple SOURCE(s) to\n\
608 the existing DIRECTORY, while setting permission modes and owner/group.\n\
609 In the third format, create all components of the given DIRECTORY(ies).\n\
611 --backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file\n\
612 -b like --backup but does not accept an argument\n\
614 -d, --directory treat all arguments as directory names; create all\n\
615 components of the specified directories\n\
616 -D create all leading components of DEST except the last,\n\
617 then copy SOURCE to DEST; useful in the 1st format\n\
618 -g, --group=GROUP set group ownership, instead of process' current group\n\
619 -m, --mode=MODE set permission mode (as in chmod), instead of rwxr-xr-x\n\
620 -o, --owner=OWNER set ownership (super-user only)\n\
621 -p, --preserve-timestamps apply access/modification times of SOURCE files\n\
622 to corresponding destination files\n\
623 -s, --strip strip symbol tables, only for 1st and 2nd formats\n\
624 -S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix\n\
625 -v, --verbose print the name of each directory as it is created\n\
626 --help display this help and exit\n\
627 --version output version information and exit\n\
631 The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.\n\
632 The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through\n\
633 the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:\n\
635 none, off never make backups (even if --backup is given)\n\
636 numbered, t make numbered backups\n\
637 existing, nil numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise\n\
638 simple, never always make simple backups\n\
640 puts (_("\nReport bugs to <bug-fileutils@gnu.org>."));