1 /* install - copy files and set attributes
2 Copyright (C) 89, 90, 91, 95, 96, 97, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
18 /* Copy files and set their permission modes and, if possible,
19 their owner and group. Used similarly to `cp'; typically
20 used in Makefiles to copy programs into their destination
21 directories. It can also be used to create the destination
22 directories and any leading directories, and to set the final
23 directory's modes. It refuses to copy files onto themselves.
27 Set the group ownership of the installed file or directory
28 to the group ID of GROUP (default is process's current
29 group). GROUP may also be a numeric group ID.
32 Set the permission mode for the installed file or directory
33 to MODE, which is an octal number (default is 0755).
36 If run as root, set the ownership of the installed file to
37 the user ID of OWNER (default is root). OWNER may also be
40 -c No effect. For compatibility with old Unix versions of install.
43 Strip the symbol tables from installed files.
45 -p, --preserve-timestamps
46 Retain creation and modification timestamps when installing files.
49 Create a directory and its leading directories, if they
50 do not already exist. Set the owner, group and mode
51 as given on the command line. Any leading directories
52 that are created are also given those attributes.
53 This is different from the SunOS 4.0 install, which gives
54 directories that it creates the default attributes.
57 Like the -d option, but a file is installed, along with the directory.
58 Useful when installing into a new directory, and the install
59 process doesn't properly comprehend making directories.
61 David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu> */
70 #include <sys/types.h>
75 #include "backupfile.h"
76 #include "modechange.h"
81 #include "path-concat.h"
86 # include <sys/wait.h>
93 struct passwd *getpwnam ();
94 struct group *getgrnam ();
96 #ifndef _POSIX_VERSION
102 # define endgrent() ((void) 0)
106 # define endpwent() ((void) 0)
109 /* Initial number of entries in each hash table entry's table of inodes. */
110 #define INITIAL_HASH_MODULE 100
112 /* Initial number of entries in the inode hash table. */
113 #define INITIAL_ENTRY_TAB_SIZE 70
115 /* True if C is an ASCII octal digit. */
116 #define isodigit(c) ((c) >= '0' && c <= '7')
118 /* Number of bytes of a file to copy at a time. */
119 #define READ_SIZE (32 * 1024)
122 # define UID_T_MAX TYPE_MAXIMUM (uid_t)
126 # define GID_T_MAX TYPE_MAXIMUM (gid_t)
133 enum backup_type get_version ();
137 static int change_timestamps PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to));
138 static int change_attributes PARAMS ((const char *path));
139 static int copy_file PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to,
140 const struct cp_options *x));
141 static int install_file_to_path PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to,
142 const struct cp_options *x));
143 static int install_file_in_dir PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to_dir,
144 const struct cp_options *x));
145 static int install_file_in_file PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to,
146 const struct cp_options *x));
147 static void get_ids PARAMS ((void));
148 static void strip PARAMS ((const char *path));
149 static void usage PARAMS ((int status));
151 /* The name this program was run with, for error messages. */
154 /* FIXME: document */
155 enum backup_type backup_type;
157 /* The user name that will own the files, or NULL to make the owner
158 the current user ID. */
159 static char *owner_name;
161 /* The user ID corresponding to `owner_name'. */
162 static uid_t owner_id;
164 /* The group name that will own the files, or NULL to make the group
165 the current group ID. */
166 static char *group_name;
168 /* The group ID corresponding to `group_name'. */
169 static gid_t group_id;
171 /* The permissions to which the files will be set. The umask has
173 static mode_t mode = 0755;
175 /* If nonzero, strip executable files after copying them. */
176 static int strip_files;
178 /* If nonzero, install a directory instead of a regular file. */
181 /* If nonzero, display usage information and exit. */
182 static int show_help;
184 /* If nonzero, print the version on standard output and exit. */
185 static int show_version;
187 static struct option const long_options[] =
189 {"strip", no_argument, NULL, 's'},
190 {"directory", no_argument, NULL, 'd'},
191 {"group", required_argument, NULL, 'g'},
192 {"mode", required_argument, NULL, 'm'},
193 {"owner", required_argument, NULL, 'o'},
194 {"preserve-timestamps", no_argument, NULL, 'p'},
195 {"backup", no_argument, NULL, 'b'},
196 {"version-control", required_argument, NULL, 'V'},
197 {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
198 {"help", no_argument, &show_help, 1},
199 {"version", no_argument, &show_version, 1},
204 cp_option_init (struct cp_options *x)
206 x->copy_as_regular = 1;
210 /* If unlink fails, try to proceed anyway. */
211 x->failed_unlink_is_fatal = 0;
216 x->myeuid = geteuid ();
217 x->one_file_system = 0;
218 x->preserve_owner_and_group = 0;
219 x->preserve_chmod_bits = 0;
220 x->preserve_timestamps = 0;
221 x->require_preserve = 0;
223 x->sparse_mode = SPARSE_AUTO;
224 x->symbolic_link = 0;
226 /* Create destination files initially writable so we can run strip on them.
227 Although GNU strip works fine on read-only files, some others
239 main (int argc, char **argv)
243 char *symbolic_mode = NULL;
244 int make_backups = 0;
246 int mkdir_and_install = 0;
251 program_name = argv[0];
252 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
253 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
254 textdomain (PACKAGE);
264 version = getenv ("SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX");
266 simple_backup_suffix = version;
267 version = getenv ("VERSION_CONTROL");
269 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "bcsDdg:m:o:pvV:S:", long_options,
288 mkdir_and_install = 1;
297 symbolic_mode = optarg;
303 x.preserve_timestamps = 1;
306 simple_backup_suffix = optarg;
318 printf ("install (%s) %s\n", GNU_PACKAGE, VERSION);
326 /* Check for invalid combinations of arguments. */
327 if (dir_arg && strip_files)
329 _("the strip option may not be used when installing a directory"));
331 x.backup_type = (make_backups ? get_version (version) : none);
333 n_files = argc - optind;
334 file = argv + optind;
336 if (n_files == 0 || (n_files == 1 && !dir_arg))
338 error (0, 0, _("too few arguments"));
344 struct mode_change *change = mode_compile (symbolic_mode, 0);
345 if (change == MODE_INVALID)
346 error (1, 0, _("invalid mode `%s'"), symbolic_mode);
347 else if (change == MODE_MEMORY_EXHAUSTED)
348 error (1, 0, _("virtual memory exhausted"));
349 mode = mode_adjust (0, change);
357 for (i = 0; i < n_files; i++)
360 make_path (file[i], mode, mode, owner_id, group_id, 0,
361 (x.verbose ? "creating directory `%s'" : NULL));
366 /* FIXME: it's a little gross that this initialization is
367 required by copy.c::copy. */
368 hash_init (INITIAL_HASH_MODULE, INITIAL_ENTRY_TAB_SIZE);
372 if (mkdir_and_install)
373 errors = install_file_to_path (file[0], file[1], &x);
374 else if (!isdir (file[1]))
375 errors = install_file_in_file (file[0], file[1], &x);
377 errors = install_file_in_dir (file[0], file[1], &x);
382 const char *dest = file[n_files - 1];
386 _("installing multiple files, but last argument (%s) \
387 is not a directory"),
391 for (i = 0; i < n_files - 1; i++)
393 errors |= install_file_in_dir (file[i], dest, &x);
403 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO, creating any missing parent directories of TO.
404 Return 0 if successful, 1 if an error occurs */
407 install_file_to_path (const char *from, const char *to,
408 const struct cp_options *x)
413 dest_dir = dirname (to);
415 /* check to make sure this is a path (not install a b ) */
416 if (!STREQ (dest_dir, ".")
417 && !isdir (dest_dir))
419 /* FIXME: Note that it's a little kludgey (even dangerous) that we
420 derive the permissions for parent directories from the permissions
421 specfied for the file, but since this option is intended mainly to
422 help installers when the distribution doesn't provide proper install
423 rules, it's not so bad. Maybe use something like this instead:
424 int parent_dir_mode = (mode | (S_IRUGO | S_IXUGO)) & (~SPECIAL_BITS);
426 fail = make_path (dest_dir, mode, mode, owner_id, group_id, 0,
427 (x->verbose ? _("creating directory `%s'") : NULL));
430 fail = install_file_in_dir (from, dest_dir, x);
434 fail = install_file_in_file (from, to, x);
442 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO and give TO the appropriate
444 Return 0 if successful, 1 if an error occurs. */
447 install_file_in_file (const char *from, const char *to,
448 const struct cp_options *x)
450 if (copy_file (from, to, x))
454 if (change_attributes (to))
456 if (x->preserve_timestamps)
457 return change_timestamps (from, to);
461 /* Copy file FROM into directory TO_DIR, keeping its same name,
462 and give the copy the appropriate attributes.
463 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
466 install_file_in_dir (const char *from, const char *to_dir,
467 const struct cp_options *x)
473 from_base = base_name (from);
474 to = path_concat (to_dir, from_base, NULL);
475 ret = install_file_in_file (from, to, x);
480 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO, creating TO if necessary.
481 Return 0 if the copy is successful, 1 if not. */
484 copy_file (const char *from, const char *to, const struct cp_options *x)
487 int nonexistent_dst = 0;
490 /* Allow installing from non-regular files like /dev/null.
491 Charles Karney reported that some Sun version of install allows that
492 and that sendmail's installation process relies on the behavior. */
495 error (0, 0, _("`%s' is a directory"), from);
499 fail = copy (from, to, nonexistent_dst, x, ©_into_self, NULL);
504 /* Set the attributes of file or directory PATH.
505 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
508 change_attributes (const char *path)
512 /* chown must precede chmod because on some systems,
513 chown clears the set[ug]id bits for non-superusers,
514 resulting in incorrect permissions.
515 On System V, users can give away files with chown and then not
516 be able to chmod them. So don't give files away.
518 We don't normally ignore errors from chown because the idea of
519 the install command is that the file is supposed to end up with
520 precisely the attributes that the user specified (or defaulted).
521 If the file doesn't end up with the group they asked for, they'll
522 want to know. But AFS returns EPERM when you try to change a
523 file's group; thus the kludge. */
525 if (chown (path, owner_id, group_id)
531 if (chmod (path, mode))
535 error (0, err, "%s", path);
541 /* Set the timestamps of file TO to match those of file FROM.
542 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
545 change_timestamps (const char *from, const char *to)
550 if (stat (from, &stb))
552 error (0, errno, "%s", from);
556 /* There's currently no interface to set file timestamps with
557 better than 1-second resolution, so discard any fractional
558 part of the source timestamp. */
560 utb.actime = stb.st_atime;
561 utb.modtime = stb.st_mtime;
562 if (utime (to, &utb))
564 error (0, errno, "%s", to);
570 /* Strip the symbol table from the file PATH.
571 We could dig the magic number out of the file first to
572 determine whether to strip it, but the header files and
573 magic numbers vary so much from system to system that making
574 it portable would be very difficult. Not worth the effort. */
577 strip (const char *path)
585 error (1, errno, _("fork system call failed"));
588 execlp ("strip", "strip", path, NULL);
589 error (1, errno, _("cannot run strip"));
591 default: /* Parent. */
592 /* Parent process. */
593 while (pid != wait (&status)) /* Wait for kid to finish. */
599 /* Initialize the user and group ownership of the files to install. */
609 pw = getpwnam (owner_name);
613 if (xstrtol (owner_name, NULL, 0, &tmp_long, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
614 || tmp_long < 0 || tmp_long > UID_T_MAX)
615 error (1, 0, _("invalid user `%s'"), owner_name);
616 owner_id = (uid_t) tmp_long;
619 owner_id = pw->pw_uid;
623 owner_id = (uid_t) -1;
627 gr = getgrnam (group_name);
631 if (xstrtol (group_name, NULL, 0, &tmp_long, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
632 || tmp_long < 0 || tmp_long > GID_T_MAX)
633 error (1, 0, _("invalid group `%s'"), group_name);
634 group_id = (gid_t) tmp_long;
637 group_id = gr->gr_gid;
641 group_id = (gid_t) -1;
648 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
653 Usage: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST (1st format)\n\
654 or: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY (2nd format)\n\
655 or: %s -d [OPTION]... DIRECTORY... (3rd format)\n\
657 program_name, program_name, program_name);
659 In the first two formats, copy SOURCE to DEST or multiple SOURCE(s) to\n\
660 the existing DIRECTORY, while setting permission modes and owner/group.\n\
661 In the third format, create all components of the given DIRECTORY(ies).\n\
663 -b, --backup make backup before removal\n\
665 -d, --directory treat all arguments as directory names; create all\n\
666 components of the specified directories\n\
667 -D create all leading components of DEST except the last,\n\
668 then copy SOURCE to DEST; useful in the 1st format\n\
669 -g, --group=GROUP set group ownership, instead of process' current group\n\
670 -m, --mode=MODE set permission mode (as in chmod), instead of rwxr-xr-x\n\
671 -o, --owner=OWNER set ownership (super-user only)\n\
672 -p, --preserve-timestamps apply access/modification times of SOURCE files\n\
673 to corresponding destination files\n\
674 -s, --strip strip symbol tables, only for 1st and 2nd formats\n\
675 -S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix\n\
676 --verbose print the name of each directory as it is created\n\
677 -V, --version-control=WORD override the usual version control\n\
678 --help display this help and exit\n\
679 --version output version information and exit\n\
683 The backup suffix is ~, unless set with SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX. The\n\
684 version control may be set with VERSION_CONTROL, values are:\n\
686 t, numbered make numbered backups\n\
687 nil, existing numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise\n\
688 never, simple always make simple backups\n\
690 puts (_("\nReport bugs to <bug-fileutils@gnu.org>."));