1 /* install - copy files and set attributes
2 Copyright (C) 89, 90, 91, 1995-2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
18 /* Written by David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu> */
27 #include <sys/types.h>
32 #include "backupfile.h"
38 #include "modechange.h"
39 #include "path-concat.h"
43 /* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */
44 #define PROGRAM_NAME "install"
46 #define AUTHORS "David MacKenzie"
49 # include <sys/wait.h>
56 struct passwd *getpwnam ();
57 struct group *getgrnam ();
59 #ifndef _POSIX_VERSION
65 # define endgrent() ((void) 0)
69 # define endpwent() ((void) 0)
72 /* Initial number of entries in each hash table entry's table of inodes. */
73 #define INITIAL_HASH_MODULE 100
75 /* Initial number of entries in the inode hash table. */
76 #define INITIAL_ENTRY_TAB_SIZE 70
78 /* Number of bytes of a file to copy at a time. */
79 #define READ_SIZE (32 * 1024)
85 static int change_timestamps PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to));
86 static int change_attributes PARAMS ((const char *path));
87 static int copy_file PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to,
88 const struct cp_options *x));
89 static int install_file_to_path PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to,
90 const struct cp_options *x));
91 static int install_file_in_dir PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to_dir,
92 const struct cp_options *x));
93 static int install_file_in_file PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to,
94 const struct cp_options *x));
95 static void get_ids PARAMS ((void));
96 static void strip PARAMS ((const char *path));
97 void usage PARAMS ((int status));
99 /* The name this program was run with, for error messages. */
102 /* The user name that will own the files, or NULL to make the owner
103 the current user ID. */
104 static char *owner_name;
106 /* The user ID corresponding to `owner_name'. */
107 static uid_t owner_id;
109 /* The group name that will own the files, or NULL to make the group
110 the current group ID. */
111 static char *group_name;
113 /* The group ID corresponding to `group_name'. */
114 static gid_t group_id;
116 /* The permissions to which the files will be set. The umask has
118 static mode_t mode = S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH;
120 /* If nonzero, strip executable files after copying them. */
121 static int strip_files;
123 /* If nonzero, install a directory instead of a regular file. */
126 static struct option const long_options[] =
128 {"backup", optional_argument, NULL, 'b'},
129 {"directory", no_argument, NULL, 'd'},
130 {"group", required_argument, NULL, 'g'},
131 {"mode", required_argument, NULL, 'm'},
132 {"owner", required_argument, NULL, 'o'},
133 {"preserve-timestamps", no_argument, NULL, 'p'},
134 {"strip", no_argument, NULL, 's'},
135 {"suffix", required_argument, NULL, 'S'},
136 {"version-control", required_argument, NULL, 'V'}, /* Deprecated. FIXME. */
137 {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
138 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
139 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
144 cp_option_init (struct cp_options *x)
146 x->copy_as_regular = 1;
147 x->dereference = DEREF_ALWAYS;
148 x->unlink_dest_before_opening = 1;
149 x->unlink_dest_after_failed_open = 0;
151 /* If unlink fails, try to proceed anyway. */
152 x->failed_unlink_is_fatal = 0;
155 x->interactive = I_UNSPECIFIED;
157 x->myeuid = geteuid ();
158 x->one_file_system = 0;
159 x->preserve_owner_and_group = 0;
160 x->preserve_chmod_bits = 0;
161 x->preserve_timestamps = 0;
162 x->require_preserve = 0;
164 x->sparse_mode = SPARSE_AUTO;
165 x->symbolic_link = 0;
166 x->backup_type = none;
168 /* Create destination files initially writable so we can run strip on them.
169 Although GNU strip works fine on read-only files, some others
172 x->mode = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
182 main (int argc, char **argv)
186 const char *specified_mode = NULL;
187 int make_backups = 0;
188 char *backup_suffix_string;
189 char *version_control_string = NULL;
190 int mkdir_and_install = 0;
195 program_name = argv[0];
196 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
197 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
198 textdomain (PACKAGE);
200 atexit (close_stdout);
210 /* FIXME: consider not calling getenv for SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX unless
211 we'll actually use backup_suffix_string. */
212 backup_suffix_string = getenv ("SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX");
214 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "bcsDdg:m:o:pvV:S:", long_options,
222 case 'V': /* FIXME: this is deprecated. Remove it in 2001. */
224 _("warning: --version-control (-V) is obsolete; support for\
225 it\nwill be removed in some future release. Use --backup=%s instead."
232 version_control_string = optarg;
243 mkdir_and_install = 1;
252 specified_mode = optarg;
258 x.preserve_timestamps = 1;
262 backup_suffix_string = optarg;
264 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
265 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
271 /* Check for invalid combinations of arguments. */
272 if (dir_arg && strip_files)
274 _("the strip option may not be used when installing a directory"));
276 if (backup_suffix_string)
277 simple_backup_suffix = xstrdup (backup_suffix_string);
279 x.backup_type = (make_backups
280 ? xget_version (_("backup type"),
281 version_control_string)
284 n_files = argc - optind;
285 file = argv + optind;
287 if (n_files == 0 || (n_files == 1 && !dir_arg))
289 error (0, 0, _("too few arguments"));
295 struct mode_change *change = mode_compile (specified_mode, 0);
296 if (change == MODE_INVALID)
297 error (1, 0, _("invalid mode %s"), quote (specified_mode));
298 else if (change == MODE_MEMORY_EXHAUSTED)
300 mode = mode_adjust (0, change);
308 for (i = 0; i < n_files; i++)
311 make_path (file[i], mode, mode, owner_id, group_id, 0,
312 (x.verbose ? _("creating directory %s") : NULL));
317 /* FIXME: it's a little gross that this initialization is
318 required by copy.c::copy. */
323 if (mkdir_and_install)
324 errors = install_file_to_path (file[0], file[1], &x);
325 else if (!isdir (file[1]))
326 errors = install_file_in_file (file[0], file[1], &x);
328 errors = install_file_in_dir (file[0], file[1], &x);
333 const char *dest = file[n_files - 1];
337 _("installing multiple files, but last argument, %s \
338 is not a directory"),
344 for (i = 0; i < n_files - 1; i++)
346 errors |= install_file_in_dir (file[i], dest, &x);
354 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO, creating any missing parent directories of TO.
355 Return 0 if successful, 1 if an error occurs */
358 install_file_to_path (const char *from, const char *to,
359 const struct cp_options *x)
364 dest_dir = dir_name (to);
366 /* check to make sure this is a path (not install a b ) */
367 if (!STREQ (dest_dir, ".")
368 && !isdir (dest_dir))
370 /* Someone will probably ask for a new option or three to specify
371 owner, group, and permissions for parent directories. Remember
372 that this option is intended mainly to help installers when the
373 distribution doesn't provide proper install rules. */
374 #define DIR_MODE (S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH)
375 fail = make_path (dest_dir, DIR_MODE, DIR_MODE, owner_id, group_id, 0,
376 (x->verbose ? _("creating directory %s") : NULL));
380 fail = install_file_in_file (from, to, x);
387 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO and give TO the appropriate
389 Return 0 if successful, 1 if an error occurs. */
392 install_file_in_file (const char *from, const char *to,
393 const struct cp_options *x)
395 if (copy_file (from, to, x))
399 if (change_attributes (to))
401 if (x->preserve_timestamps)
402 return change_timestamps (from, to);
406 /* Copy file FROM into directory TO_DIR, keeping its same name,
407 and give the copy the appropriate attributes.
408 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
411 install_file_in_dir (const char *from, const char *to_dir,
412 const struct cp_options *x)
414 const char *from_base;
418 from_base = base_name (from);
419 to = path_concat (to_dir, from_base, NULL);
420 ret = install_file_in_file (from, to, x);
425 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO, creating TO if necessary.
426 Return 0 if the copy is successful, 1 if not. */
429 copy_file (const char *from, const char *to, const struct cp_options *x)
432 int nonexistent_dst = 0;
435 /* Allow installing from non-regular files like /dev/null.
436 Charles Karney reported that some Sun version of install allows that
437 and that sendmail's installation process relies on the behavior. */
440 error (0, 0, _("%s is a directory"), quote (from));
444 fail = copy (from, to, nonexistent_dst, x, ©_into_self, NULL);
449 /* Set the attributes of file or directory PATH.
450 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
453 change_attributes (const char *path)
457 /* chown must precede chmod because on some systems,
458 chown clears the set[ug]id bits for non-superusers,
459 resulting in incorrect permissions.
460 On System V, users can give away files with chown and then not
461 be able to chmod them. So don't give files away.
463 We don't normally ignore errors from chown because the idea of
464 the install command is that the file is supposed to end up with
465 precisely the attributes that the user specified (or defaulted).
466 If the file doesn't end up with the group they asked for, they'll
467 want to know. But AFS returns EPERM when you try to change a
468 file's group; thus the kludge. */
470 if (chown (path, owner_id, group_id)
476 error (0, errno, "cannot change ownership of %s", quote (path));
480 if (!err && chmod (path, mode))
482 error (0, errno, "cannot change permissions of %s", quote (path));
489 /* Set the timestamps of file TO to match those of file FROM.
490 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
493 change_timestamps (const char *from, const char *to)
498 if (stat (from, &stb))
500 error (0, errno, _("cannot obtain time stamps for %s"), quote (from));
504 /* There's currently no interface to set file timestamps with
505 better than 1-second resolution, so discard any fractional
506 part of the source timestamp. */
508 utb.actime = stb.st_atime;
509 utb.modtime = stb.st_mtime;
510 if (utime (to, &utb))
512 error (0, errno, _("cannot set time stamps for %s"), quote (to));
518 /* Strip the symbol table from the file PATH.
519 We could dig the magic number out of the file first to
520 determine whether to strip it, but the header files and
521 magic numbers vary so much from system to system that making
522 it portable would be very difficult. Not worth the effort. */
525 strip (const char *path)
533 error (1, errno, _("cannot fork"));
536 execlp ("strip", "strip", path, NULL);
537 error (1, errno, _("cannot run strip"));
539 default: /* Parent. */
540 /* Parent process. */
541 while (pid != wait (&status)) /* Wait for kid to finish. */
544 error (1, 0, _("strip failed"));
549 /* Initialize the user and group ownership of the files to install. */
559 pw = getpwnam (owner_name);
563 if (xstrtol (owner_name, NULL, 0, &tmp_long, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
564 || tmp_long < 0 || tmp_long > UID_T_MAX)
565 error (1, 0, _("invalid user %s"), quote (owner_name));
566 owner_id = (uid_t) tmp_long;
569 owner_id = pw->pw_uid;
573 owner_id = (uid_t) -1;
577 gr = getgrnam (group_name);
581 if (xstrtol (group_name, NULL, 0, &tmp_long, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
582 || tmp_long < 0 || tmp_long > GID_T_MAX)
583 error (1, 0, _("invalid group %s"), quote (group_name));
584 group_id = (gid_t) tmp_long;
587 group_id = gr->gr_gid;
591 group_id = (gid_t) -1;
598 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
603 Usage: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST (1st format)\n\
604 or: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY (2nd format)\n\
605 or: %s -d [OPTION]... DIRECTORY... (3rd format)\n\
607 program_name, program_name, program_name);
609 In the first two formats, copy SOURCE to DEST or multiple SOURCE(s) to\n\
610 the existing DIRECTORY, while setting permission modes and owner/group.\n\
611 In the third format, create all components of the given DIRECTORY(ies).\n\
613 --backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file\n\
614 -b like --backup but does not accept an argument\n\
616 -d, --directory treat all arguments as directory names; create all\n\
617 components of the specified directories\n\
618 -D create all leading components of DEST except the last,\n\
619 then copy SOURCE to DEST; useful in the 1st format\n\
620 -g, --group=GROUP set group ownership, instead of process' current group\n\
621 -m, --mode=MODE set permission mode (as in chmod), instead of rwxr-xr-x\n\
622 -o, --owner=OWNER set ownership (super-user only)\n\
623 -p, --preserve-timestamps apply access/modification times of SOURCE files\n\
624 to corresponding destination files\n\
625 -s, --strip strip symbol tables, only for 1st and 2nd formats\n\
626 -S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix\n\
627 -v, --verbose print the name of each directory as it is created\n\
628 --help display this help and exit\n\
629 --version output version information and exit\n\
633 The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.\n\
634 The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through\n\
635 the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:\n\
637 none, off never make backups (even if --backup is given)\n\
638 numbered, t make numbered backups\n\
639 existing, nil numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise\n\
640 simple, never always make simple backups\n\
642 puts (_("\nReport bugs to <bug-fileutils@gnu.org>."));