1 /* install - copy files and set attributes
2 Copyright (C) 89, 90, 91, 1995-2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
18 /* Written by David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu> */
27 #include <sys/types.h>
32 #include "backupfile.h"
38 #include "modechange.h"
39 #include "path-concat.h"
43 /* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */
44 #define PROGRAM_NAME "install"
46 #define AUTHORS "David MacKenzie"
49 # include <sys/wait.h>
56 struct passwd *getpwnam ();
57 struct group *getgrnam ();
59 #ifndef _POSIX_VERSION
65 # define endgrent() ((void) 0)
69 # define endpwent() ((void) 0)
72 /* Initial number of entries in each hash table entry's table of inodes. */
73 #define INITIAL_HASH_MODULE 100
75 /* Initial number of entries in the inode hash table. */
76 #define INITIAL_ENTRY_TAB_SIZE 70
78 /* Number of bytes of a file to copy at a time. */
79 #define READ_SIZE (32 * 1024)
85 static int change_timestamps PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to));
86 static int change_attributes PARAMS ((const char *path));
87 static int copy_file PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to,
88 const struct cp_options *x));
89 static int install_file_to_path PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to,
90 const struct cp_options *x));
91 static int install_file_in_dir PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to_dir,
92 const struct cp_options *x));
93 static int install_file_in_file PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to,
94 const struct cp_options *x));
95 static void get_ids PARAMS ((void));
96 static void strip PARAMS ((const char *path));
97 void usage PARAMS ((int status));
99 /* The name this program was run with, for error messages. */
102 /* The user name that will own the files, or NULL to make the owner
103 the current user ID. */
104 static char *owner_name;
106 /* The user ID corresponding to `owner_name'. */
107 static uid_t owner_id;
109 /* The group name that will own the files, or NULL to make the group
110 the current group ID. */
111 static char *group_name;
113 /* The group ID corresponding to `group_name'. */
114 static gid_t group_id;
116 /* The permissions to which the files will be set. The umask has
118 static mode_t mode = S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH;
120 /* If nonzero, strip executable files after copying them. */
121 static int strip_files;
123 /* If nonzero, install a directory instead of a regular file. */
126 static struct option const long_options[] =
128 {"backup", optional_argument, NULL, 'b'},
129 {"directory", no_argument, NULL, 'd'},
130 {"group", required_argument, NULL, 'g'},
131 {"mode", required_argument, NULL, 'm'},
132 {"owner", required_argument, NULL, 'o'},
133 {"preserve-timestamps", no_argument, NULL, 'p'},
134 {"strip", no_argument, NULL, 's'},
135 {"suffix", required_argument, NULL, 'S'},
136 {"version-control", required_argument, NULL, 'V'}, /* Deprecated. FIXME. */
137 {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
138 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
139 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
144 cp_option_init (struct cp_options *x)
146 x->copy_as_regular = 1;
147 x->dereference = DEREF_ALWAYS;
148 x->unlink_dest_before_opening = 1;
149 x->unlink_dest_after_failed_open = 0;
151 x->interactive = I_UNSPECIFIED;
153 x->myeuid = geteuid ();
154 x->one_file_system = 0;
155 x->preserve_ownership = 0;
156 x->preserve_links = 0;
157 x->preserve_mode = 0;
158 x->preserve_timestamps = 0;
159 x->require_preserve = 0;
161 x->sparse_mode = SPARSE_AUTO;
162 x->symbolic_link = 0;
163 x->backup_type = none;
165 /* Create destination files initially writable so we can run strip on them.
166 Although GNU strip works fine on read-only files, some others
169 x->mode = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
179 main (int argc, char **argv)
183 const char *specified_mode = NULL;
184 int make_backups = 0;
185 char *backup_suffix_string;
186 char *version_control_string = NULL;
187 int mkdir_and_install = 0;
192 program_name = argv[0];
193 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
194 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
195 textdomain (PACKAGE);
197 atexit (close_stdout);
207 /* FIXME: consider not calling getenv for SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX unless
208 we'll actually use backup_suffix_string. */
209 backup_suffix_string = getenv ("SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX");
211 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "bcsDdg:m:o:pvV:S:", long_options,
219 case 'V': /* FIXME: this is deprecated. Remove it in 2001. */
221 _("warning: --version-control (-V) is obsolete; support for\
222 it\nwill be removed in some future release. Use --backup=%s instead."
229 version_control_string = optarg;
240 mkdir_and_install = 1;
249 specified_mode = optarg;
255 x.preserve_timestamps = 1;
259 backup_suffix_string = optarg;
261 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
262 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
268 /* Check for invalid combinations of arguments. */
269 if (dir_arg && strip_files)
271 _("the strip option may not be used when installing a directory"));
273 if (backup_suffix_string)
274 simple_backup_suffix = xstrdup (backup_suffix_string);
276 x.backup_type = (make_backups
277 ? xget_version (_("backup type"),
278 version_control_string)
281 n_files = argc - optind;
282 file = argv + optind;
284 if (n_files == 0 || (n_files == 1 && !dir_arg))
286 error (0, 0, _("too few arguments"));
292 struct mode_change *change = mode_compile (specified_mode, 0);
293 if (change == MODE_INVALID)
294 error (1, 0, _("invalid mode %s"), quote (specified_mode));
295 else if (change == MODE_MEMORY_EXHAUSTED)
297 mode = mode_adjust (0, change);
305 for (i = 0; i < n_files; i++)
308 make_path (file[i], mode, mode, owner_id, group_id, 0,
309 (x.verbose ? _("creating directory %s") : NULL));
314 /* FIXME: it's a little gross that this initialization is
315 required by copy.c::copy. */
320 if (mkdir_and_install)
321 errors = install_file_to_path (file[0], file[1], &x);
322 else if (!isdir (file[1]))
323 errors = install_file_in_file (file[0], file[1], &x);
325 errors = install_file_in_dir (file[0], file[1], &x);
330 const char *dest = file[n_files - 1];
334 _("installing multiple files, but last argument, %s \
335 is not a directory"),
341 for (i = 0; i < n_files - 1; i++)
343 errors |= install_file_in_dir (file[i], dest, &x);
351 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO, creating any missing parent directories of TO.
352 Return 0 if successful, 1 if an error occurs */
355 install_file_to_path (const char *from, const char *to,
356 const struct cp_options *x)
361 dest_dir = dir_name (to);
363 /* check to make sure this is a path (not install a b ) */
364 if (!STREQ (dest_dir, ".")
365 && !isdir (dest_dir))
367 /* Someone will probably ask for a new option or three to specify
368 owner, group, and permissions for parent directories. Remember
369 that this option is intended mainly to help installers when the
370 distribution doesn't provide proper install rules. */
371 #define DIR_MODE (S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH)
372 fail = make_path (dest_dir, DIR_MODE, DIR_MODE, owner_id, group_id, 0,
373 (x->verbose ? _("creating directory %s") : NULL));
377 fail = install_file_in_file (from, to, x);
384 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO and give TO the appropriate
386 Return 0 if successful, 1 if an error occurs. */
389 install_file_in_file (const char *from, const char *to,
390 const struct cp_options *x)
392 if (copy_file (from, to, x))
396 if (change_attributes (to))
398 if (x->preserve_timestamps)
399 return change_timestamps (from, to);
403 /* Copy file FROM into directory TO_DIR, keeping its same name,
404 and give the copy the appropriate attributes.
405 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
408 install_file_in_dir (const char *from, const char *to_dir,
409 const struct cp_options *x)
411 const char *from_base;
415 from_base = base_name (from);
416 to = path_concat (to_dir, from_base, NULL);
417 ret = install_file_in_file (from, to, x);
422 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO, creating TO if necessary.
423 Return 0 if the copy is successful, 1 if not. */
426 copy_file (const char *from, const char *to, const struct cp_options *x)
429 int nonexistent_dst = 0;
432 /* Allow installing from non-regular files like /dev/null.
433 Charles Karney reported that some Sun version of install allows that
434 and that sendmail's installation process relies on the behavior. */
437 error (0, 0, _("%s is a directory"), quote (from));
441 fail = copy (from, to, nonexistent_dst, x, ©_into_self, NULL);
446 /* Set the attributes of file or directory PATH.
447 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
450 change_attributes (const char *path)
454 /* chown must precede chmod because on some systems,
455 chown clears the set[ug]id bits for non-superusers,
456 resulting in incorrect permissions.
457 On System V, users can give away files with chown and then not
458 be able to chmod them. So don't give files away.
460 We don't normally ignore errors from chown because the idea of
461 the install command is that the file is supposed to end up with
462 precisely the attributes that the user specified (or defaulted).
463 If the file doesn't end up with the group they asked for, they'll
464 want to know. But AFS returns EPERM when you try to change a
465 file's group; thus the kludge. */
467 if (chown (path, owner_id, group_id)
473 error (0, errno, "cannot change ownership of %s", quote (path));
477 if (!err && chmod (path, mode))
479 error (0, errno, "cannot change permissions of %s", quote (path));
486 /* Set the timestamps of file TO to match those of file FROM.
487 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
490 change_timestamps (const char *from, const char *to)
495 if (stat (from, &stb))
497 error (0, errno, _("cannot obtain time stamps for %s"), quote (from));
501 /* There's currently no interface to set file timestamps with
502 better than 1-second resolution, so discard any fractional
503 part of the source timestamp. */
505 utb.actime = stb.st_atime;
506 utb.modtime = stb.st_mtime;
507 if (utime (to, &utb))
509 error (0, errno, _("cannot set time stamps for %s"), quote (to));
515 /* Strip the symbol table from the file PATH.
516 We could dig the magic number out of the file first to
517 determine whether to strip it, but the header files and
518 magic numbers vary so much from system to system that making
519 it portable would be very difficult. Not worth the effort. */
522 strip (const char *path)
530 error (1, errno, _("cannot fork"));
533 execlp ("strip", "strip", path, NULL);
534 error (1, errno, _("cannot run strip"));
536 default: /* Parent. */
537 /* Parent process. */
538 while (pid != wait (&status)) /* Wait for kid to finish. */
541 error (1, 0, _("strip failed"));
546 /* Initialize the user and group ownership of the files to install. */
556 pw = getpwnam (owner_name);
560 if (xstrtol (owner_name, NULL, 0, &tmp_long, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
561 || tmp_long < 0 || tmp_long > UID_T_MAX)
562 error (1, 0, _("invalid user %s"), quote (owner_name));
563 owner_id = (uid_t) tmp_long;
566 owner_id = pw->pw_uid;
570 owner_id = (uid_t) -1;
574 gr = getgrnam (group_name);
578 if (xstrtol (group_name, NULL, 0, &tmp_long, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
579 || tmp_long < 0 || tmp_long > GID_T_MAX)
580 error (1, 0, _("invalid group %s"), quote (group_name));
581 group_id = (gid_t) tmp_long;
584 group_id = gr->gr_gid;
588 group_id = (gid_t) -1;
595 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
600 Usage: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST (1st format)\n\
601 or: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY (2nd format)\n\
602 or: %s -d [OPTION]... DIRECTORY... (3rd format)\n\
604 program_name, program_name, program_name);
606 In the first two formats, copy SOURCE to DEST or multiple SOURCE(s) to\n\
607 the existing DIRECTORY, while setting permission modes and owner/group.\n\
608 In the third format, create all components of the given DIRECTORY(ies).\n\
610 --backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file\n\
611 -b like --backup but does not accept an argument\n\
613 -d, --directory treat all arguments as directory names; create all\n\
614 components of the specified directories\n\
615 -D create all leading components of DEST except the last,\n\
616 then copy SOURCE to DEST; useful in the 1st format\n\
617 -g, --group=GROUP set group ownership, instead of process' current group\n\
618 -m, --mode=MODE set permission mode (as in chmod), instead of rwxr-xr-x\n\
619 -o, --owner=OWNER set ownership (super-user only)\n\
620 -p, --preserve-timestamps apply access/modification times of SOURCE files\n\
621 to corresponding destination files\n\
622 -s, --strip strip symbol tables, only for 1st and 2nd formats\n\
623 -S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix\n\
624 -v, --verbose print the name of each directory as it is created\n\
625 --help display this help and exit\n\
626 --version output version information and exit\n\
630 The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.\n\
631 The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through\n\
632 the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:\n\
634 none, off never make backups (even if --backup is given)\n\
635 numbered, t make numbered backups\n\
636 existing, nil numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise\n\
637 simple, never always make simple backups\n\
639 puts (_("\nReport bugs to <bug-fileutils@gnu.org>."));