1 /* install - copy files and set attributes
2 Copyright (C) 89, 90, 91, 1995-2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
18 /* Written by David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu> */
23 #include <sys/types.h>
28 #include "backupfile.h"
34 #include "modechange.h"
35 #include "path-concat.h"
39 /* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */
40 #define PROGRAM_NAME "install"
42 #define AUTHORS "David MacKenzie"
45 # include <sys/wait.h>
48 struct passwd *getpwnam ();
49 struct group *getgrnam ();
51 #ifndef _POSIX_VERSION
57 # define endgrent() ((void) 0)
61 # define endpwent() ((void) 0)
64 /* Initial number of entries in each hash table entry's table of inodes. */
65 #define INITIAL_HASH_MODULE 100
67 /* Initial number of entries in the inode hash table. */
68 #define INITIAL_ENTRY_TAB_SIZE 70
70 /* Number of bytes of a file to copy at a time. */
71 #define READ_SIZE (32 * 1024)
77 static int change_timestamps (const char *from, const char *to);
78 static int change_attributes (const char *path);
79 static int copy_file (const char *from, const char *to,
80 const struct cp_options *x);
81 static int install_file_to_path (const char *from, const char *to,
82 const struct cp_options *x);
83 static int install_file_in_dir (const char *from, const char *to_dir,
84 const struct cp_options *x);
85 static int install_file_in_file (const char *from, const char *to,
86 const struct cp_options *x);
87 static void get_ids (void);
88 static void strip (const char *path);
89 void usage (int status);
91 /* The name this program was run with, for error messages. */
94 /* The user name that will own the files, or NULL to make the owner
95 the current user ID. */
96 static char *owner_name;
98 /* The user ID corresponding to `owner_name'. */
99 static uid_t owner_id;
101 /* The group name that will own the files, or NULL to make the group
102 the current group ID. */
103 static char *group_name;
105 /* The group ID corresponding to `group_name'. */
106 static gid_t group_id;
108 /* The permissions to which the files will be set. The umask has
110 static mode_t mode = S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH;
112 /* If nonzero, strip executable files after copying them. */
113 static int strip_files;
115 /* If nonzero, install a directory instead of a regular file. */
118 static struct option const long_options[] =
120 {"backup", optional_argument, NULL, 'b'},
121 {"directory", no_argument, NULL, 'd'},
122 {"group", required_argument, NULL, 'g'},
123 {"mode", required_argument, NULL, 'm'},
124 {"owner", required_argument, NULL, 'o'},
125 {"preserve-timestamps", no_argument, NULL, 'p'},
126 {"strip", no_argument, NULL, 's'},
127 {"suffix", required_argument, NULL, 'S'},
128 {"version-control", required_argument, NULL, 'V'}, /* Deprecated. FIXME. */
129 {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
130 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
131 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
136 cp_option_init (struct cp_options *x)
138 x->copy_as_regular = 1;
139 x->dereference = DEREF_ALWAYS;
140 x->unlink_dest_before_opening = 1;
141 x->unlink_dest_after_failed_open = 0;
143 x->interactive = I_UNSPECIFIED;
145 x->myeuid = geteuid ();
146 x->one_file_system = 0;
147 x->preserve_ownership = 0;
148 x->preserve_links = 0;
149 x->preserve_mode = 0;
150 x->preserve_timestamps = 0;
151 x->require_preserve = 0;
153 x->sparse_mode = SPARSE_AUTO;
154 x->symbolic_link = 0;
155 x->backup_type = none;
157 /* Create destination files initially writable so we can run strip on them.
158 Although GNU strip works fine on read-only files, some others
161 x->mode = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
173 main (int argc, char **argv)
177 const char *specified_mode = NULL;
178 int make_backups = 0;
179 char *backup_suffix_string;
180 char *version_control_string = NULL;
181 int mkdir_and_install = 0;
186 initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
187 program_name = argv[0];
188 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
189 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
190 textdomain (PACKAGE);
192 atexit (close_stdout);
202 /* FIXME: consider not calling getenv for SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX unless
203 we'll actually use backup_suffix_string. */
204 backup_suffix_string = getenv ("SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX");
206 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "bcsDdg:m:o:pvV:S:", long_options,
214 case 'V': /* FIXME: this is deprecated. Remove it in 2001. */
216 _("warning: --version-control (-V) is obsolete; support for\
217 it\nwill be removed in some future release. Use --backup=%s instead."
224 version_control_string = optarg;
235 mkdir_and_install = 1;
244 specified_mode = optarg;
250 x.preserve_timestamps = 1;
254 backup_suffix_string = optarg;
256 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
257 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
259 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
263 /* Check for invalid combinations of arguments. */
264 if (dir_arg && strip_files)
265 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0,
266 _("the strip option may not be used when installing a directory"));
268 if (backup_suffix_string)
269 simple_backup_suffix = xstrdup (backup_suffix_string);
271 x.backup_type = (make_backups
272 ? xget_version (_("backup type"),
273 version_control_string)
276 n_files = argc - optind;
277 file = argv + optind;
279 if (argc <= optind || (n_files == 1 && !dir_arg))
281 error (0, 0, _("too few arguments"));
282 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
287 struct mode_change *change = mode_compile (specified_mode, 0);
288 if (change == MODE_INVALID)
289 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid mode %s"), quote (specified_mode));
290 else if (change == MODE_MEMORY_EXHAUSTED)
292 mode = mode_adjust (0, change);
300 for (i = 0; i < n_files; i++)
303 make_path (file[i], mode, mode, owner_id, group_id, 0,
304 (x.verbose ? _("creating directory %s") : NULL));
309 /* FIXME: it's a little gross that this initialization is
310 required by copy.c::copy. */
315 if (mkdir_and_install)
316 errors = install_file_to_path (file[0], file[1], &x);
317 else if (!isdir (file[1]))
318 errors = install_file_in_file (file[0], file[1], &x);
320 errors = install_file_in_dir (file[0], file[1], &x);
325 const char *dest = file[n_files - 1];
329 _("installing multiple files, but last argument, %s \
330 is not a directory"),
332 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
336 for (i = 0; i < n_files - 1; i++)
338 errors |= install_file_in_dir (file[i], dest, &x);
346 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO, creating any missing parent directories of TO.
347 Return 0 if successful, 1 if an error occurs */
350 install_file_to_path (const char *from, const char *to,
351 const struct cp_options *x)
356 dest_dir = dir_name (to);
358 /* check to make sure this is a path (not install a b ) */
359 if (!STREQ (dest_dir, ".")
360 && !isdir (dest_dir))
362 /* Someone will probably ask for a new option or three to specify
363 owner, group, and permissions for parent directories. Remember
364 that this option is intended mainly to help installers when the
365 distribution doesn't provide proper install rules. */
366 #define DIR_MODE (S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH)
367 fail = make_path (dest_dir, DIR_MODE, DIR_MODE, owner_id, group_id, 0,
368 (x->verbose ? _("creating directory %s") : NULL));
372 fail = install_file_in_file (from, to, x);
379 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO and give TO the appropriate
381 Return 0 if successful, 1 if an error occurs. */
384 install_file_in_file (const char *from, const char *to,
385 const struct cp_options *x)
387 if (copy_file (from, to, x))
391 if (change_attributes (to))
393 if (x->preserve_timestamps)
394 return change_timestamps (from, to);
398 /* Copy file FROM into directory TO_DIR, keeping its same name,
399 and give the copy the appropriate attributes.
400 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
403 install_file_in_dir (const char *from, const char *to_dir,
404 const struct cp_options *x)
406 const char *from_base;
410 from_base = base_name (from);
411 to = path_concat (to_dir, from_base, NULL);
412 ret = install_file_in_file (from, to, x);
417 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO, creating TO if necessary.
418 Return 0 if the copy is successful, 1 if not. */
421 copy_file (const char *from, const char *to, const struct cp_options *x)
424 int nonexistent_dst = 0;
427 /* Allow installing from non-regular files like /dev/null.
428 Charles Karney reported that some Sun version of install allows that
429 and that sendmail's installation process relies on the behavior. */
432 error (0, 0, _("%s is a directory"), quote (from));
436 fail = copy (from, to, nonexistent_dst, x, ©_into_self, NULL);
441 /* Set the attributes of file or directory PATH.
442 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
445 change_attributes (const char *path)
449 /* chown must precede chmod because on some systems,
450 chown clears the set[ug]id bits for non-superusers,
451 resulting in incorrect permissions.
452 On System V, users can give away files with chown and then not
453 be able to chmod them. So don't give files away.
455 We don't normally ignore errors from chown because the idea of
456 the install command is that the file is supposed to end up with
457 precisely the attributes that the user specified (or defaulted).
458 If the file doesn't end up with the group they asked for, they'll
459 want to know. But AFS returns EPERM when you try to change a
460 file's group; thus the kludge. */
462 if (chown (path, owner_id, group_id)
468 error (0, errno, _("cannot change ownership of %s"), quote (path));
472 if (!err && chmod (path, mode))
474 error (0, errno, _("cannot change permissions of %s"), quote (path));
481 /* Set the timestamps of file TO to match those of file FROM.
482 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
485 change_timestamps (const char *from, const char *to)
490 if (stat (from, &stb))
492 error (0, errno, _("cannot obtain time stamps for %s"), quote (from));
496 /* There's currently no interface to set file timestamps with
497 better than 1-second resolution, so discard any fractional
498 part of the source timestamp. */
500 utb.actime = stb.st_atime;
501 utb.modtime = stb.st_mtime;
502 if (utime (to, &utb))
504 error (0, errno, _("cannot set time stamps for %s"), quote (to));
510 /* Strip the symbol table from the file PATH.
511 We could dig the magic number out of the file first to
512 determine whether to strip it, but the header files and
513 magic numbers vary so much from system to system that making
514 it portable would be very difficult. Not worth the effort. */
517 strip (const char *path)
525 error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("fork system call failed"));
528 execlp ("strip", "strip", path, NULL);
529 error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("cannot run strip"));
531 default: /* Parent. */
532 /* Parent process. */
533 while (pid != wait (&status)) /* Wait for kid to finish. */
536 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("strip failed"));
541 /* Initialize the user and group ownership of the files to install. */
551 pw = getpwnam (owner_name);
554 unsigned long int tmp;
555 if (xstrtoul (owner_name, NULL, 0, &tmp, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
557 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid user %s"), quote (owner_name));
561 owner_id = pw->pw_uid;
565 owner_id = (uid_t) -1;
569 gr = getgrnam (group_name);
572 unsigned long int tmp;
573 if (xstrtoul (group_name, NULL, 0, &tmp, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
575 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid group %s"), quote (group_name));
579 group_id = gr->gr_gid;
583 group_id = (gid_t) -1;
590 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
595 Usage: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST (1st format)\n\
596 or: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY (2nd format)\n\
597 or: %s -d [OPTION]... DIRECTORY... (3rd format)\n\
599 program_name, program_name, program_name);
601 In the first two formats, copy SOURCE to DEST or multiple SOURCE(s) to\n\
602 the existing DIRECTORY, while setting permission modes and owner/group.\n\
603 In the third format, create all components of the given DIRECTORY(ies).\n\
607 Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n\
610 --backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file\n\
611 -b like --backup but does not accept an argument\n\
613 -d, --directory treat all arguments as directory names; create all\n\
614 components of the specified directories\n\
617 -D create all leading components of DEST except the last,\n\
618 then copy SOURCE to DEST; useful in the 1st format\n\
619 -g, --group=GROUP set group ownership, instead of process' current group\n\
620 -m, --mode=MODE set permission mode (as in chmod), instead of rwxr-xr-x\n\
621 -o, --owner=OWNER set ownership (super-user only)\n\
624 -p, --preserve-timestamps apply access/modification times of SOURCE files\n\
625 to corresponding destination files\n\
626 -s, --strip strip symbol tables, only for 1st and 2nd formats\n\
627 -S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix\n\
628 -v, --verbose print the name of each directory as it is created\n\
630 fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
631 fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
634 The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.\n\
635 The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through\n\
636 the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:\n\
640 none, off never make backups (even if --backup is given)\n\
641 numbered, t make numbered backups\n\
642 existing, nil numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise\n\
643 simple, never always make simple backups\n\
645 printf (_("\nReport bugs to <%s>.\n"), PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);