1 /* install - copy files and set attributes
2 Copyright (C) 89, 90, 91, 1995-2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
18 /* Written by David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu> */
23 #include <sys/types.h>
29 #include "backupfile.h"
35 #include "modechange.h"
36 #include "path-concat.h"
41 /* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */
42 #define PROGRAM_NAME "install"
44 #define AUTHORS "David MacKenzie"
47 # include <sys/wait.h>
50 struct passwd *getpwnam ();
51 struct group *getgrnam ();
53 #ifndef _POSIX_VERSION
59 # define endgrent() ((void) 0)
63 # define endpwent() ((void) 0)
66 /* Initial number of entries in each hash table entry's table of inodes. */
67 #define INITIAL_HASH_MODULE 100
69 /* Initial number of entries in the inode hash table. */
70 #define INITIAL_ENTRY_TAB_SIZE 70
72 /* Number of bytes of a file to copy at a time. */
73 #define READ_SIZE (32 * 1024)
79 static int change_timestamps (const char *from, const char *to);
80 static int change_attributes (const char *path);
81 static int copy_file (const char *from, const char *to,
82 const struct cp_options *x);
83 static int install_file_to_path (const char *from, const char *to,
84 const struct cp_options *x);
85 static int install_file_in_dir (const char *from, const char *to_dir,
86 const struct cp_options *x);
87 static int install_file_in_file (const char *from, const char *to,
88 const struct cp_options *x);
89 static void get_ids (void);
90 static void strip (const char *path);
91 void usage (int status);
93 /* The name this program was run with, for error messages. */
96 /* The user name that will own the files, or NULL to make the owner
97 the current user ID. */
98 static char *owner_name;
100 /* The user ID corresponding to `owner_name'. */
101 static uid_t owner_id;
103 /* The group name that will own the files, or NULL to make the group
104 the current group ID. */
105 static char *group_name;
107 /* The group ID corresponding to `group_name'. */
108 static gid_t group_id;
110 /* The permissions to which the files will be set. The umask has
112 static mode_t mode = S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH;
114 /* If nonzero, strip executable files after copying them. */
115 static int strip_files;
117 /* If nonzero, install a directory instead of a regular file. */
120 static struct option const long_options[] =
122 {"backup", optional_argument, NULL, 'b'},
123 {"directory", no_argument, NULL, 'd'},
124 {"group", required_argument, NULL, 'g'},
125 {"mode", required_argument, NULL, 'm'},
126 {"owner", required_argument, NULL, 'o'},
127 {"preserve-timestamps", no_argument, NULL, 'p'},
128 {"strip", no_argument, NULL, 's'},
129 {"suffix", required_argument, NULL, 'S'},
130 {"version-control", required_argument, NULL, 'V'}, /* Deprecated. FIXME. */
131 {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
132 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
133 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
138 cp_option_init (struct cp_options *x)
140 x->copy_as_regular = 1;
141 x->dereference = DEREF_ALWAYS;
142 x->unlink_dest_before_opening = 1;
143 x->unlink_dest_after_failed_open = 0;
145 x->interactive = I_UNSPECIFIED;
147 x->myeuid = geteuid ();
148 x->one_file_system = 0;
149 x->preserve_ownership = 0;
150 x->preserve_links = 0;
151 x->preserve_mode = 0;
152 x->preserve_timestamps = 0;
153 x->require_preserve = 0;
155 x->sparse_mode = SPARSE_AUTO;
156 x->symbolic_link = 0;
157 x->backup_type = none;
159 /* Create destination files initially writable so we can run strip on them.
160 Although GNU strip works fine on read-only files, some others
163 x->mode = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
174 main (int argc, char **argv)
178 const char *specified_mode = NULL;
179 int make_backups = 0;
180 char *backup_suffix_string;
181 char *version_control_string = NULL;
182 int mkdir_and_install = 0;
187 initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
188 program_name = argv[0];
189 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
190 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
191 textdomain (PACKAGE);
193 atexit (close_stdout);
203 /* FIXME: consider not calling getenv for SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX unless
204 we'll actually use backup_suffix_string. */
205 backup_suffix_string = getenv ("SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX");
207 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "bcsDdg:m:o:pvV:S:", long_options,
215 case 'V': /* FIXME: this is deprecated. Remove it in 2001. */
217 _("warning: --version-control (-V) is obsolete; support for\
218 it\nwill be removed in some future release. Use --backup=%s instead."
225 version_control_string = optarg;
232 /* System V fork+wait does not work if SIGCHLD is ignored. */
233 signal (SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
240 mkdir_and_install = 1;
249 specified_mode = optarg;
255 x.preserve_timestamps = 1;
259 backup_suffix_string = optarg;
261 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
262 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
264 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
268 /* Check for invalid combinations of arguments. */
269 if (dir_arg && strip_files)
270 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0,
271 _("the strip option may not be used when installing a directory"));
273 if (backup_suffix_string)
274 simple_backup_suffix = xstrdup (backup_suffix_string);
276 x.backup_type = (make_backups
277 ? xget_version (_("backup type"),
278 version_control_string)
281 n_files = argc - optind;
282 file = argv + optind;
284 if (argc <= optind || (n_files == 1 && !dir_arg))
286 error (0, 0, _("too few arguments"));
287 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
292 struct mode_change *change = mode_compile (specified_mode, 0);
293 if (change == MODE_INVALID)
294 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid mode %s"), quote (specified_mode));
295 else if (change == MODE_MEMORY_EXHAUSTED)
297 mode = mode_adjust (0, change);
305 for (i = 0; i < n_files; i++)
308 make_path (file[i], mode, mode, owner_id, group_id, 0,
309 (x.verbose ? _("creating directory %s") : NULL));
314 /* FIXME: it's a little gross that this initialization is
315 required by copy.c::copy. */
320 if (mkdir_and_install)
321 errors = install_file_to_path (file[0], file[1], &x);
322 else if (!isdir (file[1]))
323 errors = install_file_in_file (file[0], file[1], &x);
325 errors = install_file_in_dir (file[0], file[1], &x);
330 const char *dest = file[n_files - 1];
334 _("installing multiple files, but last argument, %s \
335 is not a directory"),
337 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
341 for (i = 0; i < n_files - 1; i++)
343 errors |= install_file_in_dir (file[i], dest, &x);
348 exit (errors == 0 ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
351 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO, creating any missing parent directories of TO.
352 Return 0 if successful, 1 if an error occurs */
355 install_file_to_path (const char *from, const char *to,
356 const struct cp_options *x)
361 dest_dir = dir_name (to);
363 /* check to make sure this is a path (not install a b ) */
364 if (!STREQ (dest_dir, ".")
365 && !isdir (dest_dir))
367 /* Someone will probably ask for a new option or three to specify
368 owner, group, and permissions for parent directories. Remember
369 that this option is intended mainly to help installers when the
370 distribution doesn't provide proper install rules. */
371 #define DIR_MODE (S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH)
372 fail = make_path (dest_dir, DIR_MODE, DIR_MODE, owner_id, group_id, 0,
373 (x->verbose ? _("creating directory %s") : NULL));
377 fail = install_file_in_file (from, to, x);
384 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO and give TO the appropriate
386 Return 0 if successful, 1 if an error occurs. */
389 install_file_in_file (const char *from, const char *to,
390 const struct cp_options *x)
392 if (copy_file (from, to, x))
396 if (change_attributes (to))
398 if (x->preserve_timestamps)
399 return change_timestamps (from, to);
403 /* Copy file FROM into directory TO_DIR, keeping its same name,
404 and give the copy the appropriate attributes.
405 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
408 install_file_in_dir (const char *from, const char *to_dir,
409 const struct cp_options *x)
411 const char *from_base;
415 from_base = base_name (from);
416 to = path_concat (to_dir, from_base, NULL);
417 ret = install_file_in_file (from, to, x);
422 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO, creating TO if necessary.
423 Return 0 if the copy is successful, 1 if not. */
426 copy_file (const char *from, const char *to, const struct cp_options *x)
429 int nonexistent_dst = 0;
432 /* Allow installing from non-regular files like /dev/null.
433 Charles Karney reported that some Sun version of install allows that
434 and that sendmail's installation process relies on the behavior. */
437 error (0, 0, _("%s is a directory"), quote (from));
441 fail = copy (from, to, nonexistent_dst, x, ©_into_self, NULL);
446 /* Set the attributes of file or directory PATH.
447 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
450 change_attributes (const char *path)
454 /* chown must precede chmod because on some systems,
455 chown clears the set[ug]id bits for non-superusers,
456 resulting in incorrect permissions.
457 On System V, users can give away files with chown and then not
458 be able to chmod them. So don't give files away.
460 We don't normally ignore errors from chown because the idea of
461 the install command is that the file is supposed to end up with
462 precisely the attributes that the user specified (or defaulted).
463 If the file doesn't end up with the group they asked for, they'll
464 want to know. But AFS returns EPERM when you try to change a
465 file's group; thus the kludge. */
467 if (chown (path, owner_id, group_id)
473 error (0, errno, _("cannot change ownership of %s"), quote (path));
477 if (!err && chmod (path, mode))
479 error (0, errno, _("cannot change permissions of %s"), quote (path));
486 /* Set the timestamps of file TO to match those of file FROM.
487 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
490 change_timestamps (const char *from, const char *to)
493 struct timespec timespec[2];
495 if (stat (from, &stb))
497 error (0, errno, _("cannot obtain time stamps for %s"), quote (from));
501 timespec[0].tv_sec = stb.st_atime;
502 timespec[0].tv_nsec = TIMESPEC_NS (stb.st_atim);
503 timespec[1].tv_sec = stb.st_mtime;
504 timespec[1].tv_nsec = TIMESPEC_NS (stb.st_mtim);
505 if (utimens (to, timespec))
507 error (0, errno, _("cannot set time stamps for %s"), quote (to));
513 /* Strip the symbol table from the file PATH.
514 We could dig the magic number out of the file first to
515 determine whether to strip it, but the header files and
516 magic numbers vary so much from system to system that making
517 it portable would be very difficult. Not worth the effort. */
520 strip (const char *path)
528 error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("fork system call failed"));
531 execlp ("strip", "strip", path, NULL);
532 error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("cannot run strip"));
534 default: /* Parent. */
535 /* Parent process. */
536 while (pid != wait (&status)) /* Wait for kid to finish. */
539 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("strip failed"));
544 /* Initialize the user and group ownership of the files to install. */
554 pw = getpwnam (owner_name);
557 unsigned long int tmp;
558 if (xstrtoul (owner_name, NULL, 0, &tmp, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
560 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid user %s"), quote (owner_name));
564 owner_id = pw->pw_uid;
568 owner_id = (uid_t) -1;
572 gr = getgrnam (group_name);
575 unsigned long int tmp;
576 if (xstrtoul (group_name, NULL, 0, &tmp, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
578 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid group %s"), quote (group_name));
582 group_id = gr->gr_gid;
586 group_id = (gid_t) -1;
592 if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
593 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
598 Usage: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST (1st format)\n\
599 or: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY (2nd format)\n\
600 or: %s -d [OPTION]... DIRECTORY... (3rd format)\n\
602 program_name, program_name, program_name);
604 In the first two formats, copy SOURCE to DEST or multiple SOURCE(s) to\n\
605 the existing DIRECTORY, while setting permission modes and owner/group.\n\
606 In the third format, create all components of the given DIRECTORY(ies).\n\
610 Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n\
613 --backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file\n\
614 -b like --backup but does not accept an argument\n\
616 -d, --directory treat all arguments as directory names; create all\n\
617 components of the specified directories\n\
620 -D create all leading components of DEST except the last,\n\
621 then copy SOURCE to DEST; useful in the 1st format\n\
622 -g, --group=GROUP set group ownership, instead of process' current group\n\
623 -m, --mode=MODE set permission mode (as in chmod), instead of rwxr-xr-x\n\
624 -o, --owner=OWNER set ownership (super-user only)\n\
627 -p, --preserve-timestamps apply access/modification times of SOURCE files\n\
628 to corresponding destination files\n\
629 -s, --strip strip symbol tables, only for 1st and 2nd formats\n\
630 -S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix\n\
631 -v, --verbose print the name of each directory as it is created\n\
633 fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
634 fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
637 The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.\n\
638 The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through\n\
639 the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:\n\
643 none, off never make backups (even if --backup is given)\n\
644 numbered, t make numbered backups\n\
645 existing, nil numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise\n\
646 simple, never always make simple backups\n\
648 printf (_("\nReport bugs to <%s>.\n"), PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);