1 /* install - copy files and set attributes
2 Copyright (C) 89, 90, 91, 95, 96, 1997 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
18 /* Copy files and set their permission modes and, if possible,
19 their owner and group. Used similarly to `cp'; typically
20 used in Makefiles to copy programs into their destination
21 directories. It can also be used to create the destination
22 directories and any leading directories, and to set the final
23 directory's modes. It refuses to copy files onto themselves.
27 Set the group ownership of the installed file or directory
28 to the group ID of GROUP (default is process's current
29 group). GROUP may also be a numeric group ID.
32 Set the permission mode for the installed file or directory
33 to MODE, which is an octal number (default is 0755).
36 If run as root, set the ownership of the installed file to
37 the user ID of OWNER (default is root). OWNER may also be
40 -c No effect. For compatibility with old Unix versions of install.
43 Strip the symbol tables from installed files.
45 -p, --preserve-timestamps
46 Retain creation and modification timestamps when installing files.
49 Create a directory and its leading directories, if they
50 do not already exist. Set the owner, group and mode
51 as given on the command line. Any leading directories
52 that are created are also given those attributes.
53 This is different from the SunOS 4.0 install, which gives
54 directories that it creates the default attributes.
56 David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu> */
65 #include <sys/types.h>
70 #include "backupfile.h"
71 #include "modechange.h"
77 # include <sys/wait.h>
84 struct passwd *getpwnam ();
85 struct group *getgrnam ();
87 #ifndef _POSIX_VERSION
93 # define endgrent() ((void) 0)
97 # define endpwent() ((void) 0)
100 /* True if C is an ASCII octal digit. */
101 #define isodigit(c) ((c) >= '0' && c <= '7')
103 /* Number of bytes of a file to copy at a time. */
104 #define READ_SIZE (32 * 1024)
107 # define UID_T_MAX TYPE_MAXIMUM (uid_t)
111 # define GID_T_MAX TYPE_MAXIMUM (gid_t)
118 enum backup_type get_version ();
120 static int change_timestamps PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to));
121 static int change_attributes PARAMS ((const char *path, int no_need_to_chown));
122 static int copy_file PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to,
124 static int install_file_in_dir PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to_dir));
125 static int install_file_in_file PARAMS ((const char *from, const char *to));
126 static void get_ids PARAMS ((void));
127 static void strip PARAMS ((const char *path));
128 static void usage PARAMS ((int status));
130 /* The name this program was run with, for error messages. */
133 /* The user name that will own the files, or NULL to make the owner
134 the current user ID. */
135 static char *owner_name;
137 /* The user ID corresponding to `owner_name'. */
138 static uid_t owner_id;
140 /* The group name that will own the files, or NULL to make the group
141 the current group ID. */
142 static char *group_name;
144 /* The group ID corresponding to `group_name'. */
145 static gid_t group_id;
147 /* The permissions to which the files will be set. The umask has
151 /* If nonzero, strip executable files after copying them. */
152 static int strip_files;
154 /* If nonzero, preserve timestamps when installing files. */
155 static int preserve_timestamps;
157 /* If nonzero, install a directory instead of a regular file. */
160 /* If nonzero, show what we are doing. */
163 /* If nonzero, display usage information and exit. */
164 static int show_help;
166 /* If nonzero, print the version on standard output and exit. */
167 static int show_version;
169 static struct option const long_options[] =
171 {"strip", no_argument, NULL, 's'},
172 {"directory", no_argument, NULL, 'd'},
173 {"group", required_argument, NULL, 'g'},
174 {"mode", required_argument, NULL, 'm'},
175 {"owner", required_argument, NULL, 'o'},
176 {"preserve-timestamps", no_argument, NULL, 'p'},
177 {"backup", no_argument, NULL, 'b'},
178 {"version-control", required_argument, NULL, 'V'},
179 {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
180 {"help", no_argument, &show_help, 1},
181 {"version", no_argument, &show_version, 1},
186 main (int argc, char **argv)
190 char *symbolic_mode = NULL;
191 int make_backups = 0;
194 program_name = argv[0];
195 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
196 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
197 textdomain (PACKAGE);
203 preserve_timestamps = 0;
208 version = getenv ("SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX");
210 simple_backup_suffix = version;
211 version = getenv ("VERSION_CONTROL");
213 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "bcsdg:m:o:pvV:S:", long_options,
238 symbolic_mode = optarg;
244 preserve_timestamps = 1;
247 simple_backup_suffix = optarg;
259 printf ("install (%s) %s\n", GNU_PACKAGE, VERSION);
266 /* Check for invalid combinations of arguments. */
267 if (dir_arg && strip_files)
269 _("the strip option may not be used when installing a directory"));
272 backup_type = get_version (version);
274 if (optind == argc || (optind == argc - 1 && !dir_arg))
276 error (0, 0, _("too few arguments"));
282 struct mode_change *change = mode_compile (symbolic_mode, 0);
283 if (change == MODE_INVALID)
284 error (1, 0, _("invalid mode `%s'"), symbolic_mode);
285 else if (change == MODE_MEMORY_EXHAUSTED)
286 error (1, 0, _("virtual memory exhausted"));
287 mode = mode_adjust (0, change);
294 for (; optind < argc; ++optind)
297 make_path (argv[optind], mode, mode, owner_id, group_id, 0,
298 (verbose ? "creating directory `%s'" : NULL));
303 if (optind == argc - 2)
305 if (!isdir (argv[argc - 1]))
306 errors = install_file_in_file (argv[argc - 2], argv[argc - 1]);
308 errors = install_file_in_dir (argv[argc - 2], argv[argc - 1]);
312 if (!isdir (argv[argc - 1]))
314 for (; optind < argc - 1; ++optind)
316 errors |= install_file_in_dir (argv[optind], argv[argc - 1]);
324 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO and give TO the appropriate
326 Return 0 if successful, 1 if an error occurs. */
329 install_file_in_file (const char *from, const char *to)
332 int no_need_to_chown;
334 if (copy_file (from, to, &to_created))
338 no_need_to_chown = (to_created
339 && owner_name == NULL
340 && group_name == NULL);
341 if (change_attributes (to, no_need_to_chown))
343 if (preserve_timestamps)
344 return change_timestamps (from, to);
348 /* Copy file FROM into directory TO_DIR, keeping its same name,
349 and give the copy the appropriate attributes.
350 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
353 install_file_in_dir (const char *from, const char *to_dir)
359 from_base = base_name (from);
360 to = xmalloc ((unsigned) (strlen (to_dir) + strlen (from_base) + 2));
361 stpcpy (stpcpy (stpcpy (to, to_dir), "/"), from_base);
362 ret = install_file_in_file (from, to);
367 /* A chunk of a file being copied. */
368 static char buffer[READ_SIZE];
370 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO, creating TO if necessary.
371 Return 0 if the copy is successful, 1 if not. If the copy is
372 successful, set *TO_CREATED to nonzero if TO was created (if it did
373 not exist or did, but was unlinked) and to zero otherwise. If the
374 copy fails, don't modify *TO_CREATED. */
377 copy_file (const char *from, const char *to, int *to_created)
382 struct stat from_stats, to_stats;
383 int target_created = 1;
385 if (stat (from, &from_stats))
387 error (0, errno, "%s", from);
391 /* Allow installing from non-regular files like /dev/null.
392 Charles Karney reported that some Sun version of install allows that
393 and that sendmail's installation process relies on the behavior. */
394 if (S_ISDIR (from_stats.st_mode))
396 error (0, 0, _("`%s' is a directory"), from);
399 if (stat (to, &to_stats) == 0)
401 if (!S_ISREG (to_stats.st_mode))
403 error (0, 0, _("`%s' is not a regular file"), to);
406 if (from_stats.st_dev == to_stats.st_dev
407 && from_stats.st_ino == to_stats.st_ino)
409 error (0, 0, _("`%s' and `%s' are the same file"), from, to);
413 /* The destination file exists. Try to back it up if required. */
414 if (backup_type != none)
416 char *tmp_backup = find_backup_file_name (to);
419 if (tmp_backup == NULL)
420 error (1, 0, "virtual memory exhausted");
421 dst_backup = (char *) alloca (strlen (tmp_backup) + 1);
422 strcpy (dst_backup, tmp_backup);
424 if (rename (to, dst_backup))
428 error (0, errno, "cannot backup `%s'", to);
434 /* If unlink fails, try to proceed anyway. */
439 /* Now it's the time to give some feedback if requested. */
441 printf ("copying `%s' to `%s'\n", from, to);
443 fromfd = open (from, O_RDONLY, 0);
446 error (0, errno, "%s", from);
450 /* Make sure to open the file in a mode that allows writing. */
451 tofd = open (to, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0600);
454 error (0, errno, "%s", to);
459 while ((bytes = safe_read (fromfd, buffer, READ_SIZE)) > 0)
460 if (full_write (tofd, buffer, bytes) < 0)
462 error (0, errno, "%s", to);
468 error (0, errno, "%s", from);
472 if (close (fromfd) < 0)
474 error (0, errno, "%s", from);
477 if (close (tofd) < 0)
479 error (0, errno, "%s", to);
483 *to_created = target_created;
492 /* Set the attributes of file or directory PATH.
493 If NO_NEED_TO_CHOWN is nonzero, don't call chown.
494 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
497 change_attributes (const char *path, int no_need_to_chown)
501 /* chown must precede chmod because on some systems,
502 chown clears the set[ug]id bits for non-superusers,
503 resulting in incorrect permissions.
504 On System V, users can give away files with chown and then not
505 be able to chmod them. So don't give files away.
507 We don't pass -1 to chown to mean "don't change the value"
508 because SVR3 and earlier non-BSD systems don't support that.
510 We don't normally ignore errors from chown because the idea of
511 the install command is that the file is supposed to end up with
512 precisely the attributes that the user specified (or defaulted).
513 If the file doesn't end up with the group they asked for, they'll
514 want to know. But AFS returns EPERM when you try to change a
515 file's group; thus the kludge. */
517 if (!no_need_to_chown && chown (path, owner_id, group_id)
523 if (chmod (path, mode))
527 error (0, err, "%s", path);
533 /* Set the timestamps of file TO to match those of file FROM.
534 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
537 change_timestamps (const char *from, const char *to)
542 if (stat (from, &stb))
544 error (0, errno, "%s", from);
547 utb.actime = stb.st_atime;
548 utb.modtime = stb.st_mtime;
549 if (utime (to, &utb))
551 error (0, errno, "%s", to);
557 /* Strip the symbol table from the file PATH.
558 We could dig the magic number out of the file first to
559 determine whether to strip it, but the header files and
560 magic numbers vary so much from system to system that making
561 it portable would be very difficult. Not worth the effort. */
564 strip (const char *path)
572 error (1, errno, _("fork system call failed"));
575 execlp ("strip", "strip", path, NULL);
576 error (1, errno, _("cannot run strip"));
578 default: /* Parent. */
579 /* Parent process. */
580 while (pid != wait (&status)) /* Wait for kid to finish. */
586 /* Initialize the user and group ownership of the files to install. */
596 pw = getpwnam (owner_name);
600 if (xstrtol (owner_name, NULL, 0, &tmp_long, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
601 || tmp_long < 0 || tmp_long > UID_T_MAX)
602 error (1, 0, _("invalid user `%s'"), owner_name);
603 owner_id = (uid_t) tmp_long;
606 owner_id = pw->pw_uid;
610 owner_id = getuid ();
614 gr = getgrnam (group_name);
618 if (xstrtol (group_name, NULL, 0, &tmp_long, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
619 || tmp_long < 0 || tmp_long > GID_T_MAX)
620 error (1, 0, _("invalid group `%s'"), group_name);
621 group_id = (gid_t) tmp_long;
624 group_id = gr->gr_gid;
628 group_id = getgid ();
635 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
640 Usage: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST (1st format)\n\
641 or: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY (2nd format)\n\
642 or: %s -d [OPTION]... DIRECTORY... (3rd format)\n\
644 program_name, program_name, program_name);
646 In first two formats, copy SOURCE to DEST or multiple SOURCE(s) to\n\
647 DIRECTORY, while setting permission modes and owner/group. In third\n\
648 format, make all components of the given DIRECTORY(ies).\n\
650 -b, --backup make backup before removal\n\
652 -d, --directory create [leading] directories, mandatory for 3rd format\n\
653 -g, --group=GROUP set group ownership, instead of process' current group\n\
654 -m, --mode=MODE set permission mode (as in chmod), instead of rwxr-xr-x\n\
655 -o, --owner=OWNER set ownership (super-user only)\n\
656 -p, --preserve-timestamps apply access/modification times of SOURCE files\n\
657 to corresponding destination files\n\
658 -s, --strip strip symbol tables, only for 1st and 2nd formats\n\
659 -S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix\n\
660 --verbose print the name of each directory as it is created\n\
661 -V, --version-control=WORD override the usual version control\n\
662 --help display this help and exit\n\
663 --version output version information and exit\n\
667 The backup suffix is ~, unless set with SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX. The\n\
668 version control may be set with VERSION_CONTROL, values are:\n\
670 t, numbered make numbered backups\n\
671 nil, existing numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise\n\
672 never, simple always make simple backups\n\
674 puts (_("\nReport bugs to <fileutils-bugs@gnu.org>."));