1 /* install - copy files and set attributes
2 Copyright (C) 89, 90, 91, 95, 96, 1997 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
18 /* Copy files and set their permission modes and, if possible,
19 their owner and group. Used similarly to `cp'; typically
20 used in Makefiles to copy programs into their destination
21 directories. It can also be used to create the destination
22 directories and any leading directories, and to set the final
23 directory's modes. It refuses to copy files onto themselves.
27 Set the group ownership of the installed file or directory
28 to the group ID of GROUP (default is process's current
29 group). GROUP may also be a numeric group ID.
32 Set the permission mode for the installed file or directory
33 to MODE, which is an octal number (default is 0755).
36 If run as root, set the ownership of the installed file to
37 the user ID of OWNER (default is root). OWNER may also be
40 -c No effect. For compatibility with old Unix versions of install.
43 Strip the symbol tables from installed files.
45 -p, --preserve-timestamps
46 Retain creation and modification timestamps when installing files.
49 Create a directory and its leading directories, if they
50 do not already exist. Set the owner, group and mode
51 as given on the command line. Any leading directories
52 that are created are also given those attributes.
53 This is different from the SunOS 4.0 install, which gives
54 directories that it creates the default attributes.
56 David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu> */
65 #include <sys/types.h>
70 #include "backupfile.h"
71 #include "modechange.h"
77 # include <sys/wait.h>
85 # define BITSPERBYTE 8
88 struct passwd *getpwnam ();
89 struct group *getgrnam ();
91 #ifndef _POSIX_VERSION
97 # define endgrent() ((void) 0)
100 #ifndef HAVE_ENDPWENT
101 # define endpwent() ((void) 0)
104 /* True if C is an ASCII octal digit. */
105 #define isodigit(c) ((c) >= '0' && c <= '7')
107 /* Number of bytes of a file to copy at a time. */
108 #define READ_SIZE (32 * 1024)
111 # define UID_T_MAX ((uid_t)(~((unsigned long)1 << ((sizeof (uid_t) \
112 * BITSPERBYTE - 1)))))
116 # define GID_T_MAX ((gid_t)(~((unsigned long)1 << ((sizeof (gid_t) \
117 * BITSPERBYTE - 1)))))
126 enum backup_type get_version ();
128 static int change_timestamps __P ((const char *from, const char *to));
129 static int change_attributes __P ((const char *path, int no_need_to_chown));
130 static int copy_file __P ((const char *from, const char *to, int *to_created));
131 static int install_file_in_dir __P ((const char *from, const char *to_dir));
132 static int install_file_in_file __P ((const char *from, const char *to));
133 static void get_ids __P ((void));
134 static void strip __P ((const char *path));
135 static void usage __P ((int status));
137 /* The name this program was run with, for error messages. */
140 /* The user name that will own the files, or NULL to make the owner
141 the current user ID. */
142 static char *owner_name;
144 /* The user ID corresponding to `owner_name'. */
145 static uid_t owner_id;
147 /* The group name that will own the files, or NULL to make the group
148 the current group ID. */
149 static char *group_name;
151 /* The group ID corresponding to `group_name'. */
152 static gid_t group_id;
154 /* The permissions to which the files will be set. The umask has
158 /* If nonzero, strip executable files after copying them. */
159 static int strip_files;
161 /* If nonzero, preserve timestamps when installing files. */
162 static int preserve_timestamps;
164 /* If nonzero, install a directory instead of a regular file. */
167 /* If nonzero, show what we are doing. */
170 /* If nonzero, display usage information and exit. */
171 static int show_help;
173 /* If nonzero, print the version on standard output and exit. */
174 static int show_version;
176 static struct option const long_options[] =
178 {"strip", no_argument, NULL, 's'},
179 {"directory", no_argument, NULL, 'd'},
180 {"group", required_argument, NULL, 'g'},
181 {"mode", required_argument, NULL, 'm'},
182 {"owner", required_argument, NULL, 'o'},
183 {"preserve-timestamps", no_argument, NULL, 'p'},
184 {"backup", no_argument, NULL, 'b'},
185 {"version-control", required_argument, NULL, 'V'},
186 {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
187 {"help", no_argument, &show_help, 1},
188 {"version", no_argument, &show_version, 1},
193 main (int argc, char **argv)
197 char *symbolic_mode = NULL;
198 int make_backups = 0;
201 program_name = argv[0];
202 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
203 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
204 textdomain (PACKAGE);
210 preserve_timestamps = 0;
215 version = getenv ("SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX");
217 simple_backup_suffix = version;
218 version = getenv ("VERSION_CONTROL");
220 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "bcsdg:m:o:pvV:S:", long_options,
245 symbolic_mode = optarg;
251 preserve_timestamps = 1;
254 simple_backup_suffix = optarg;
266 printf ("install (%s) %s\n", GNU_PACKAGE, VERSION);
273 /* Check for invalid combinations of arguments. */
274 if (dir_arg && strip_files)
276 _("the strip option may not be used when installing a directory"));
279 backup_type = get_version (version);
281 if (optind == argc || (optind == argc - 1 && !dir_arg))
283 error (0, 0, _("too few arguments"));
289 struct mode_change *change = mode_compile (symbolic_mode, 0);
290 if (change == MODE_INVALID)
291 error (1, 0, _("invalid mode `%s'"), symbolic_mode);
292 else if (change == MODE_MEMORY_EXHAUSTED)
293 error (1, 0, _("virtual memory exhausted"));
294 mode = mode_adjust (0, change);
301 for (; optind < argc; ++optind)
304 make_path (argv[optind], mode, mode, owner_id, group_id, 0,
305 (verbose ? "creating directory `%s'" : NULL));
310 if (optind == argc - 2)
312 if (!isdir (argv[argc - 1]))
313 errors = install_file_in_file (argv[argc - 2], argv[argc - 1]);
315 errors = install_file_in_dir (argv[argc - 2], argv[argc - 1]);
319 if (!isdir (argv[argc - 1]))
321 for (; optind < argc - 1; ++optind)
323 errors |= install_file_in_dir (argv[optind], argv[argc - 1]);
331 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO and give TO the appropriate
333 Return 0 if successful, 1 if an error occurs. */
336 install_file_in_file (const char *from, const char *to)
339 int no_need_to_chown;
341 if (copy_file (from, to, &to_created))
345 no_need_to_chown = (to_created
346 && owner_name == NULL
347 && group_name == NULL);
348 if (change_attributes (to, no_need_to_chown))
350 if (preserve_timestamps)
351 return change_timestamps (from, to);
355 /* Copy file FROM into directory TO_DIR, keeping its same name,
356 and give the copy the appropriate attributes.
357 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
360 install_file_in_dir (const char *from, const char *to_dir)
366 from_base = base_name (from);
367 to = xmalloc ((unsigned) (strlen (to_dir) + strlen (from_base) + 2));
368 stpcpy (stpcpy (stpcpy (to, to_dir), "/"), from_base);
369 ret = install_file_in_file (from, to);
374 /* A chunk of a file being copied. */
375 static char buffer[READ_SIZE];
377 /* Copy file FROM onto file TO, creating TO if necessary.
378 Return 0 if the copy is successful, 1 if not. If the copy is
379 successful, set *TO_CREATED to nonzero if TO was created (if it did
380 not exist or did, but was unlinked) and to zero otherwise. If the
381 copy fails, don't modify *TO_CREATED. */
384 copy_file (const char *from, const char *to, int *to_created)
389 struct stat from_stats, to_stats;
390 int target_created = 1;
392 if (stat (from, &from_stats))
394 error (0, errno, "%s", from);
398 /* Allow installing from non-regular files like /dev/null.
399 Charles Karney reported that some Sun version of install allows that
400 and that sendmail's installation process relies on the behavior. */
401 if (S_ISDIR (from_stats.st_mode))
403 error (0, 0, _("`%s' is a directory"), from);
406 if (stat (to, &to_stats) == 0)
408 if (!S_ISREG (to_stats.st_mode))
410 error (0, 0, _("`%s' is not a regular file"), to);
413 if (from_stats.st_dev == to_stats.st_dev
414 && from_stats.st_ino == to_stats.st_ino)
416 error (0, 0, _("`%s' and `%s' are the same file"), from, to);
420 /* The destination file exists. Try to back it up if required. */
421 if (backup_type != none)
423 char *tmp_backup = find_backup_file_name (to);
426 if (tmp_backup == NULL)
427 error (1, 0, "virtual memory exhausted");
428 dst_backup = (char *) alloca (strlen (tmp_backup) + 1);
429 strcpy (dst_backup, tmp_backup);
431 if (rename (to, dst_backup))
435 error (0, errno, "cannot backup `%s'", to);
441 /* If unlink fails, try to proceed anyway. */
446 /* Now it's the time to give some feedback if requested. */
448 printf ("copying `%s' to `%s'\n", from, to);
450 fromfd = open (from, O_RDONLY, 0);
453 error (0, errno, "%s", from);
457 /* Make sure to open the file in a mode that allows writing. */
458 tofd = open (to, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0600);
461 error (0, errno, "%s", to);
466 while ((bytes = safe_read (fromfd, buffer, READ_SIZE)) > 0)
467 if (full_write (tofd, buffer, bytes) < 0)
469 error (0, errno, "%s", to);
475 error (0, errno, "%s", from);
479 if (close (fromfd) < 0)
481 error (0, errno, "%s", from);
484 if (close (tofd) < 0)
486 error (0, errno, "%s", to);
490 *to_created = target_created;
499 /* Set the attributes of file or directory PATH.
500 If NO_NEED_TO_CHOWN is nonzero, don't call chown.
501 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
504 change_attributes (const char *path, int no_need_to_chown)
508 /* chown must precede chmod because on some systems,
509 chown clears the set[ug]id bits for non-superusers,
510 resulting in incorrect permissions.
511 On System V, users can give away files with chown and then not
512 be able to chmod them. So don't give files away.
514 We don't pass -1 to chown to mean "don't change the value"
515 because SVR3 and earlier non-BSD systems don't support that.
517 We don't normally ignore errors from chown because the idea of
518 the install command is that the file is supposed to end up with
519 precisely the attributes that the user specified (or defaulted).
520 If the file doesn't end up with the group they asked for, they'll
521 want to know. But AFS returns EPERM when you try to change a
522 file's group; thus the kludge. */
524 if (!no_need_to_chown && chown (path, owner_id, group_id)
530 if (chmod (path, mode))
534 error (0, err, "%s", path);
540 /* Set the timestamps of file TO to match those of file FROM.
541 Return 0 if successful, 1 if not. */
544 change_timestamps (const char *from, const char *to)
549 if (stat (from, &stb))
551 error (0, errno, "%s", from);
554 utb.actime = stb.st_atime;
555 utb.modtime = stb.st_mtime;
556 if (utime (to, &utb))
558 error (0, errno, "%s", to);
564 /* Strip the symbol table from the file PATH.
565 We could dig the magic number out of the file first to
566 determine whether to strip it, but the header files and
567 magic numbers vary so much from system to system that making
568 it portable would be very difficult. Not worth the effort. */
571 strip (const char *path)
579 error (1, errno, _("fork system call failed"));
582 execlp ("strip", "strip", path, NULL);
583 error (1, errno, _("cannot run strip"));
585 default: /* Parent. */
586 /* Parent process. */
587 while (pid != wait (&status)) /* Wait for kid to finish. */
593 /* Initialize the user and group ownership of the files to install. */
603 pw = getpwnam (owner_name);
607 if (xstrtol (owner_name, NULL, 0, &tmp_long, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
608 || tmp_long < 0 || tmp_long > UID_T_MAX)
609 error (1, 0, _("invalid user `%s'"), owner_name);
610 owner_id = (uid_t) tmp_long;
613 owner_id = pw->pw_uid;
617 owner_id = getuid ();
621 gr = getgrnam (group_name);
625 if (xstrtol (group_name, NULL, 0, &tmp_long, NULL) != LONGINT_OK
626 || tmp_long < 0 || tmp_long > (long) GID_T_MAX)
627 error (1, 0, _("invalid group `%s'"), group_name);
628 group_id = (gid_t) tmp_long;
631 group_id = gr->gr_gid;
635 group_id = getgid ();
642 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
647 Usage: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST (1st format)\n\
648 or: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY (2nd format)\n\
649 or: %s -d [OPTION]... DIRECTORY... (3rd format)\n\
651 program_name, program_name, program_name);
653 In first two formats, copy SOURCE to DEST or multiple SOURCE(s) to\n\
654 DIRECTORY, while setting permission modes and owner/group. In third\n\
655 format, make all components of the given DIRECTORY(ies).\n\
657 -b, --backup make backup before removal\n\
659 -d, --directory create [leading] directories, mandatory for 3rd format\n\
660 -g, --group=GROUP set group ownership, instead of process' current group\n\
661 -m, --mode=MODE set permission mode (as in chmod), instead of rwxr-xr-x\n\
662 -o, --owner=OWNER set ownership (super-user only)\n\
663 -p, --preserve-timestamps apply access/modification times of SOURCE files\n\
664 to corresponding destination files\n\
665 -s, --strip strip symbol tables, only for 1st and 2nd formats\n\
666 -S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix\n\
667 --verbose print the name of each directory as it is created\n\
668 -V, --version-control=WORD override the usual version control\n\
669 --help display this help and exit\n\
670 --version output version information and exit\n\
674 The backup suffix is ~, unless set with SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX. The\n\
675 version control may be set with VERSION_CONTROL, values are:\n\
677 t, numbered make numbered backups\n\
678 nil, existing numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise\n\
679 never, simple always make simple backups\n\
681 puts (_("\nReport bugs to <fileutils-bugs@gnu.org>."));