1 /* expr -- evaluate expressions.
2 Copyright (C) 86, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
18 /* Author: Mike Parker.
20 This program evaluates expressions. Each token (operator, operand,
21 parenthesis) of the expression must be a seperate argument. The
22 parser used is a reasonably general one, though any incarnation of
23 it is language-specific. It is especially nice for expressions.
25 No parse tree is needed; a new node is evaluated immediately.
26 One function can handle multiple operators all of equal precedence,
27 provided they all associate ((x op x) op x).
29 Define EVAL_TRACE to print an evaluation trace. */
33 #include <sys/types.h>
37 #include "long-options.h"
40 #define NEW(type) ((type *) xmalloc (sizeof (type)))
41 #define OLD(x) free ((char *) x)
43 /* The kinds of value we can have. */
49 typedef enum valtype TYPE;
54 TYPE type; /* Which kind. */
56 { /* The value itself. */
61 typedef struct valinfo VALUE;
63 /* The arguments given to the program, minus the program name. */
66 /* The name this program was run with. */
73 static VALUE *docolon __P ((VALUE *sv, VALUE *pv));
74 static VALUE *eval __P ((void));
75 static VALUE *int_value __P ((int i));
76 static VALUE *str_value __P ((char *s));
77 static int isstring __P ((VALUE *v));
78 static int nextarg __P ((char *str));
79 static int nomoreargs __P ((void));
80 static int null __P ((VALUE *v));
81 static int toarith __P ((VALUE *v));
82 static void freev __P ((VALUE *v));
83 static void printv __P ((VALUE *v));
84 static void tostring __P ((VALUE *v));
94 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
99 Usage: %s EXPRESSION\n\
102 program_name, program_name);
105 --help display this help and exit\n\
106 --version output version information and exit\n\
110 Print the value of EXPRESSION to standard output. A blank line below\n\
111 separates increasing precedence groups. EXPRESSION may be:\n\
113 ARG1 | ARG2 ARG1 if it is neither null nor 0, otherwise ARG2\n\
115 ARG1 & ARG2 ARG1 if neither argument is null or 0, otherwise 0\n\
117 ARG1 < ARG2 ARG1 is less than ARG2\n\
118 ARG1 <= ARG2 ARG1 is less than or equal to ARG2\n\
119 ARG1 = ARG2 ARG1 is equal to ARG2\n\
120 ARG1 != ARG2 ARG1 is unequal to ARG2\n\
121 ARG1 >= ARG2 ARG1 is greater than or equal to ARG2\n\
122 ARG1 > ARG2 ARG1 is greater than ARG2\n\
124 ARG1 + ARG2 arithmetic sum of ARG1 and ARG2\n\
125 ARG1 - ARG2 arithmetic difference of ARG1 and ARG2\n\
127 ARG1 * ARG2 arithmetic product of ARG1 and ARG2\n\
128 ARG1 / ARG2 arithmetic quotient of ARG1 divided by ARG2\n\
129 ARG1 %% ARG2 arithmetic remainder of ARG1 divided by ARG2\n\
131 STRING : REGEXP anchored pattern match of REGEXP in STRING\n\
133 match STRING REGEXP same as STRING : REGEXP\n\
134 substr STRING POS LENGTH substring of STRING, POS counted from 1\n\
135 index STRING CHARS index in STRING where any CHARS is found, or 0\n\
136 length STRING length of STRING\n\
138 ( EXPRESSION ) value of EXPRESSION\n\
142 Beware that many operators need to be escaped or quoted for shells.\n\
143 Comparisons are arithmetic if both ARGs are numbers, else lexicographical.\n\
144 Pattern matches return the string matched between \\( and \\) or null; if\n\
145 \\( and \\) are not used, they return the number of characters matched or 0.\n\
152 main (int argc, char **argv)
156 program_name = argv[0];
157 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
158 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
159 textdomain (PACKAGE);
161 /* Don't recognize --help or --version if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set. */
162 if (getenv ("POSIXLY_CORRECT") == NULL)
163 parse_long_options (argc, argv, "expr", PACKAGE_VERSION, usage);
167 error (0, 0, _("too few arguments"));
175 error (2, 0, _("syntax error"));
181 /* Return a VALUE for I. */
194 /* Return a VALUE for S. */
203 v->u.s = xstrdup (s);
207 /* Free VALUE V, including structure components. */
212 if (v->type == string)
225 printf ("%d\n", v->u.i);
228 printf ("%s\n", v->u.s);
235 /* Return nonzero if V is a null-string or zero-number. */
245 return v->u.s[0] == '\0' || strcmp(v->u.s, "0") == 0;
251 /* Return nonzero if V is a string value. */
256 return v->type == string;
259 /* Coerce V to a string value (can't fail). */
269 temp = xmalloc (4 * (sizeof (int) / sizeof (char)));
270 sprintf (temp, "%d", v->u.i);
281 /* Coerce V to an integer value. Return 1 on success, 0 on failure. */
297 /* Don't interpret the empty string as an integer. */
306 i = i * 10 + *cp - '0';
311 v->u.i = i * (neg ? -1 : 1);
319 /* Return nonzero if the next token matches STR exactly.
320 STR must not be NULL. */
327 return strcmp (*args, str) == 0;
330 /* Return nonzero if there no more tokens. */
338 /* The comparison operator handling functions. */
340 #define cmpf(name, rel) \
342 int name (l, r) VALUE *l; VALUE *r; \
344 if (isstring (l) || isstring (r)) \
348 return strcmp (l->u.s, r->u.s) rel 0; \
351 return l->u.i rel r->u.i; \
354 cmpf (less_equal, <=)
357 cmpf (greater_equal, >=)
358 cmpf (greater_than, >)
362 /* The arithmetic operator handling functions. */
364 #define arithf(name, op) \
366 int name (l, r) VALUE *l; VALUE *r; \
368 if (!toarith (l) || !toarith (r)) \
369 error (2, 0, _("non-numeric argument")); \
370 return l->u.i op r->u.i; \
373 #define arithdivf(name, op) \
374 int name (l, r) VALUE *l; VALUE *r; \
376 if (!toarith (l) || !toarith (r)) \
377 error (2, 0, _("non-numeric argument")); \
379 error (2, 0, _("division by zero")); \
380 return l->u.i op r->u.i; \
386 arithdivf (divide, /)
393 /* Print evaluation trace and args remaining. */
402 for (a = args; *a; a++)
408 /* Do the : operator.
409 SV is the VALUE for the lhs (the string),
410 PV is the VALUE for the rhs (the pattern). */
413 docolon (VALUE *sv, VALUE *pv)
417 struct re_pattern_buffer re_buffer;
418 struct re_registers re_regs;
424 len = strlen (pv->u.s);
425 memset (&re_buffer, 0, sizeof (re_buffer));
426 memset (&re_regs, 0, sizeof (re_regs));
427 re_buffer.allocated = 2 * len;
428 re_buffer.buffer = (unsigned char *) xmalloc (re_buffer.allocated);
429 re_buffer.translate = 0;
430 re_syntax_options = RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_BASIC;
431 errmsg = re_compile_pattern (pv->u.s, len, &re_buffer);
433 error (2, 0, "%s", errmsg);
435 len = re_match (&re_buffer, sv->u.s, strlen (sv->u.s), 0, &re_regs);
438 /* Were \(...\) used? */
439 if (re_buffer.re_nsub > 0)/* was (re_regs.start[1] >= 0) */
441 sv->u.s[re_regs.end[1]] = '\0';
442 v = str_value (sv->u.s + re_regs.start[1]);
449 /* Match failed -- return the right kind of null. */
450 if (strstr (pv->u.s, "\\("))
455 free (re_buffer.buffer);
459 /* Handle bare operands and ( expr ) syntax. */
470 error (2, 0, _("syntax error"));
477 error (2, 0, _("syntax error"));
483 error (2, 0, _("syntax error"));
485 return str_value (*args++);
488 /* Handle match, substr, index, and length keywords. */
502 if (nextarg ("length"))
507 v = int_value (strlen (r->u.s));
511 else if (nextarg ("match"))
521 else if (nextarg ("index"))
528 v = int_value (strcspn (l->u.s, r->u.s) + 1);
529 if (v->u.i == (int) strlen (l->u.s) + 1)
535 else if (nextarg ("substr"))
542 if (!toarith (i1) || !toarith (i2)
543 || i1->u.i > (int) strlen (l->u.s)
544 || i1->u.i <= 0 || i2->u.i <= 0)
550 v->u.s = strncpy ((char *) xmalloc (i2->u.i + 1),
551 l->u.s + i1->u.i - 1, i2->u.i);
563 /* Handle : operator (pattern matching).
564 Calls docolon to do the real work. */
593 /* Handle *, /, % operators. */
611 else if (nextarg ("/"))
613 else if (nextarg ("%"))
626 /* Handle +, - operators. */
644 else if (nextarg ("-"))
657 /* Handle comparisons. */
675 else if (nextarg ("<="))
677 else if (nextarg ("=") || nextarg ("=="))
679 else if (nextarg ("!="))
681 else if (nextarg (">="))
683 else if (nextarg (">"))
716 if (null (l) || null (r))