1 /* env - run a program in a modified environment
2 Copyright (C) 1986, 1991-2005, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */
18 /* Richard Mlynarik and David MacKenzie */
24 Construct a new environment from scratch; normally the
25 environment is inherited from the parent process, except as
26 modified by other options.
30 Unset variable VARIABLE (remove it from the environment).
31 If VARIABLE was not set, does nothing.
33 variable=value (an arg containing a "=" character)
34 Set the environment variable VARIABLE to value VALUE. VALUE
35 may be of zero length ("variable="). Setting a variable to a
36 zero-length value is different from unsetting it.
39 Indicate that the following argument is the program
40 to invoke. This is necessary when the program's name
41 begins with "-" or contains a "=".
43 The first remaining argument specifies a program to invoke;
44 it is searched for according to the specification of the PATH
45 environment variable. Any arguments following that are
46 passed as arguments to that program.
48 If no command name is specified following the environment
49 specifications, the resulting environment is printed.
50 This is like specifying a command name of "printenv".
54 If the environment passed to "env" is
55 { LOGNAME=rms EDITOR=emacs PATH=.:/gnubin:/hacks }
58 runs "foo" in a null environment.
61 runs "foo" in the environment
62 { LOGNAME=rms EDITOR=emacs PATH=.:/gnubin:/hacks }
64 env DISPLAY=gnu:0 nemacs
65 runs "nemacs" in the environment
66 { LOGNAME=rms EDITOR=emacs PATH=.:/gnubin:/hacks DISPLAY=gnu:0 }
68 env - LOGNAME=foo /hacks/hack bar baz
69 runs the "hack" program on arguments "bar" and "baz" in an
70 environment in which the only variable is "LOGNAME". Note that
71 the "-" option clears out the PATH variable, so one should be
72 careful to specify in which directory to find the program to
75 env -u EDITOR LOGNAME=foo PATH=/energy -- e=mc2 bar baz
76 runs the program "/energy/e=mc2" with environment
77 { LOGNAME=foo PATH=/energy }
83 #include <sys/types.h>
89 /* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */
90 #define PROGRAM_NAME "env"
92 #define AUTHORS "Richard Mlynarik", "David MacKenzie"
96 extern char **environ;
98 /* The name by which this program was run. */
101 static struct option const longopts[] =
103 {"ignore-environment", no_argument, NULL, 'i'},
104 {"unset", required_argument, NULL, 'u'},
105 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
106 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
113 if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
114 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
119 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-] [NAME=VALUE]... [COMMAND [ARG]...]\n"),
122 Set each NAME to VALUE in the environment and run COMMAND.\n\
124 -i, --ignore-environment start with an empty environment\n\
125 -u, --unset=NAME remove variable from the environment\n\
127 fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
128 fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
131 A mere - implies -i. If no COMMAND, print the resulting environment.\n\
133 printf (_("\nReport bugs to <%s>.\n"), PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);
139 main (int argc, char **argv)
142 bool ignore_environment = false;
144 initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
145 program_name = argv[0];
146 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
147 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
148 textdomain (PACKAGE);
150 initialize_exit_failure (EXIT_FAIL);
151 atexit (close_stdout);
153 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "+iu:", longopts, NULL)) != -1)
158 ignore_environment = true;
162 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
163 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
169 if (optind < argc && STREQ (argv[optind], "-"))
170 ignore_environment = true;
172 if (ignore_environment)
174 static char *dummy_environ[] = { NULL };
175 environ = dummy_environ;
178 optind = 0; /* Force GNU getopt to re-initialize. */
179 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "+iu:", longopts, NULL)) != -1)
181 putenv (optarg); /* Requires GNU putenv. */
183 if (optind < argc && STREQ (argv[optind], "-"))
186 while (optind < argc && strchr (argv[optind], '='))
187 putenv (argv[optind++]);
189 /* If no program is specified, print the environment and exit. */
192 char *const *e = environ;
198 execvp (argv[optind], &argv[optind]);
201 int exit_status = (errno == ENOENT ? EXIT_ENOENT : EXIT_CANNOT_INVOKE);
202 error (0, errno, "%s", argv[optind]);