1 /* env - run a program in a modified environment
2 Copyright (C) 1986, 1991-2005, 2007-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
7 (at your option) any later version.
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
17 /* Richard Mlynarik and David MacKenzie */
23 Construct a new environment from scratch; normally the
24 environment is inherited from the parent process, except as
25 modified by other options.
29 Unset variable VARIABLE (remove it from the environment).
30 If VARIABLE was not set, does nothing.
32 variable=value (an arg containing a "=" character)
33 Set the environment variable VARIABLE to value VALUE. VALUE
34 may be of zero length ("variable="). Setting a variable to a
35 zero-length value is different from unsetting it.
38 Indicate that the following argument is the program
39 to invoke. This is necessary when the program's name
40 begins with "-" or contains a "=".
42 The first remaining argument specifies a program to invoke;
43 it is searched for according to the specification of the PATH
44 environment variable. Any arguments following that are
45 passed as arguments to that program.
47 If no command name is specified following the environment
48 specifications, the resulting environment is printed.
49 This is like specifying a command name of "printenv".
53 If the environment passed to "env" is
54 { LOGNAME=rms EDITOR=emacs PATH=.:/gnubin:/hacks }
57 runs "foo" in a null environment.
60 runs "foo" in the environment
61 { LOGNAME=rms EDITOR=emacs PATH=.:/gnubin:/hacks }
63 env DISPLAY=gnu:0 nemacs
64 runs "nemacs" in the environment
65 { LOGNAME=rms EDITOR=emacs PATH=.:/gnubin:/hacks DISPLAY=gnu:0 }
67 env - LOGNAME=foo /hacks/hack bar baz
68 runs the "hack" program on arguments "bar" and "baz" in an
69 environment in which the only variable is "LOGNAME". Note that
70 the "-" option clears out the PATH variable, so one should be
71 careful to specify in which directory to find the program to
74 env -u EDITOR LOGNAME=foo PATH=/energy -- e=mc2 bar baz
75 runs the program "/energy/e=mc2" with environment
76 { LOGNAME=foo PATH=/energy }
82 #include <sys/types.h>
88 /* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */
89 #define PROGRAM_NAME "env"
92 proper_name ("Richard Mlynarik"), \
93 proper_name ("David MacKenzie")
97 extern char **environ;
99 static struct option const longopts[] =
101 {"ignore-environment", no_argument, NULL, 'i'},
102 {"unset", required_argument, NULL, 'u'},
103 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
104 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
111 if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
112 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
117 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-] [NAME=VALUE]... [COMMAND [ARG]...]\n"),
120 Set each NAME to VALUE in the environment and run COMMAND.\n\
122 -i, --ignore-environment start with an empty environment\n\
123 -u, --unset=NAME remove variable from the environment\n\
125 fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
126 fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
129 A mere - implies -i. If no COMMAND, print the resulting environment.\n\
131 emit_bug_reporting_address ();
137 main (int argc, char **argv)
140 bool ignore_environment = false;
142 initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
143 set_program_name (argv[0]);
144 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
145 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
146 textdomain (PACKAGE);
148 initialize_exit_failure (EXIT_FAILURE);
149 atexit (close_stdout);
151 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "+iu:", longopts, NULL)) != -1)
156 ignore_environment = true;
160 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
161 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
163 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
167 if (optind < argc && STREQ (argv[optind], "-"))
168 ignore_environment = true;
170 if (ignore_environment)
172 static char *dummy_environ[] = { NULL };
173 environ = dummy_environ;
176 optind = 0; /* Force GNU getopt to re-initialize. */
177 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "+iu:", longopts, NULL)) != -1)
179 putenv (optarg); /* Requires GNU putenv. */
181 if (optind < argc && STREQ (argv[optind], "-"))
184 while (optind < argc && strchr (argv[optind], '='))
185 putenv (argv[optind++]);
187 /* If no program is specified, print the environment and exit. */
190 char *const *e = environ;
196 execvp (argv[optind], &argv[optind]);
199 int exit_status = (errno == ENOENT ? EXIT_ENOENT : EXIT_CANNOT_INVOKE);
200 error (0, errno, "%s", argv[optind]);