1 /* env - run a program in a modified environment
2 Copyright (C) 1986, 1991-2005, 2007-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
7 (at your option) any later version.
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
17 /* Richard Mlynarik and David MacKenzie */
23 Construct a new environment from scratch; normally the
24 environment is inherited from the parent process, except as
25 modified by other options.
29 Unset variable VARIABLE (remove it from the environment).
30 If VARIABLE was not set, does nothing.
32 variable=value (an arg containing a "=" character)
33 Set the environment variable VARIABLE to value VALUE. VALUE
34 may be of zero length ("variable="). Setting a variable to a
35 zero-length value is different from unsetting it.
38 Indicate that the following argument is the program
39 to invoke. This is necessary when the program's name
40 begins with "-" or contains a "=".
42 The first remaining argument specifies a program to invoke;
43 it is searched for according to the specification of the PATH
44 environment variable. Any arguments following that are
45 passed as arguments to that program.
47 If no command name is specified following the environment
48 specifications, the resulting environment is printed.
49 This is like specifying a command name of "printenv".
53 If the environment passed to "env" is
54 { LOGNAME=rms EDITOR=emacs PATH=.:/gnubin:/hacks }
57 runs "foo" in a null environment.
60 runs "foo" in the environment
61 { LOGNAME=rms EDITOR=emacs PATH=.:/gnubin:/hacks }
63 env DISPLAY=gnu:0 nemacs
64 runs "nemacs" in the environment
65 { LOGNAME=rms EDITOR=emacs PATH=.:/gnubin:/hacks DISPLAY=gnu:0 }
67 env - LOGNAME=foo /hacks/hack bar baz
68 runs the "hack" program on arguments "bar" and "baz" in an
69 environment in which the only variable is "LOGNAME". Note that
70 the "-" option clears out the PATH variable, so one should be
71 careful to specify in which directory to find the program to
74 env -u EDITOR LOGNAME=foo PATH=/energy -- e=mc2 bar baz
75 runs the program "/energy/e=mc2" with environment
76 { LOGNAME=foo PATH=/energy }
81 #include <sys/types.h>
87 /* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */
88 #define PROGRAM_NAME "env"
91 proper_name ("Richard Mlynarik"), \
92 proper_name ("David MacKenzie")
96 extern char **environ;
98 static struct option const longopts[] =
100 {"ignore-environment", no_argument, NULL, 'i'},
101 {"unset", required_argument, NULL, 'u'},
102 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
103 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
110 if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
111 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
116 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-] [NAME=VALUE]... [COMMAND [ARG]...]\n"),
119 Set each NAME to VALUE in the environment and run COMMAND.\n\
121 -i, --ignore-environment start with an empty environment\n\
122 -u, --unset=NAME remove variable from the environment\n\
124 fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
125 fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
128 A mere - implies -i. If no COMMAND, print the resulting environment.\n\
130 emit_bug_reporting_address ();
136 main (int argc, char **argv)
139 bool ignore_environment = false;
141 initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
142 set_program_name (argv[0]);
143 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
144 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
145 textdomain (PACKAGE);
147 initialize_exit_failure (EXIT_FAILURE);
148 atexit (close_stdout);
150 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "+iu:", longopts, NULL)) != -1)
155 ignore_environment = true;
159 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
160 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
162 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
166 if (optind < argc && STREQ (argv[optind], "-"))
167 ignore_environment = true;
169 if (ignore_environment)
171 static char *dummy_environ[] = { NULL };
172 environ = dummy_environ;
175 optind = 0; /* Force GNU getopt to re-initialize. */
176 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "+iu:", longopts, NULL)) != -1)
178 putenv (optarg); /* Requires GNU putenv. */
180 if (optind < argc && STREQ (argv[optind], "-"))
183 while (optind < argc && strchr (argv[optind], '='))
184 putenv (argv[optind++]);
186 /* If no program is specified, print the environment and exit. */
189 char *const *e = environ;
195 execvp (argv[optind], &argv[optind]);
198 int exit_status = (errno == ENOENT ? EXIT_ENOENT : EXIT_CANNOT_INVOKE);
199 error (0, errno, "%s", argv[optind]);