1 /* env - run a program in a modified environment
2 Copyright (C) 1986, 1991-2005, 2007-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
7 (at your option) any later version.
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
17 /* Richard Mlynarik and David MacKenzie */
23 Construct a new environment from scratch; normally the
24 environment is inherited from the parent process, except as
25 modified by other options.
29 Unset variable VARIABLE (remove it from the environment).
30 If VARIABLE was not set, does nothing.
32 variable=value (an arg containing a "=" character)
33 Set the environment variable VARIABLE to value VALUE. VALUE
34 may be of zero length ("variable="). Setting a variable to a
35 zero-length value is different from unsetting it.
38 Indicate that the following argument is the program
39 to invoke. This is necessary when the program's name
40 begins with "-" or contains a "=".
42 The first remaining argument specifies a program to invoke;
43 it is searched for according to the specification of the PATH
44 environment variable. Any arguments following that are
45 passed as arguments to that program.
47 If no command name is specified following the environment
48 specifications, the resulting environment is printed.
49 This is like specifying a command name of "printenv".
53 If the environment passed to "env" is
54 { LOGNAME=rms EDITOR=emacs PATH=.:/gnubin:/hacks }
57 runs "foo" in a null environment.
60 runs "foo" in the environment
61 { LOGNAME=rms EDITOR=emacs PATH=.:/gnubin:/hacks }
63 env DISPLAY=gnu:0 nemacs
64 runs "nemacs" in the environment
65 { LOGNAME=rms EDITOR=emacs PATH=.:/gnubin:/hacks DISPLAY=gnu:0 }
67 env - LOGNAME=foo /hacks/hack bar baz
68 runs the "hack" program on arguments "bar" and "baz" in an
69 environment in which the only variable is "LOGNAME". Note that
70 the "-" option clears out the PATH variable, so one should be
71 careful to specify in which directory to find the program to
74 env -u EDITOR LOGNAME=foo PATH=/energy -- e=mc2 bar baz
75 runs the program "/energy/e=mc2" with environment
76 { LOGNAME=foo PATH=/energy }
82 #include <sys/types.h>
88 /* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */
89 #define PROGRAM_NAME "env"
92 proper_name ("Richard Mlynarik"), \
93 proper_name ("David MacKenzie")
97 extern char **environ;
99 /* The name by which this program was run. */
102 static struct option const longopts[] =
104 {"ignore-environment", no_argument, NULL, 'i'},
105 {"unset", required_argument, NULL, 'u'},
106 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
107 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
114 if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
115 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
120 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-] [NAME=VALUE]... [COMMAND [ARG]...]\n"),
123 Set each NAME to VALUE in the environment and run COMMAND.\n\
125 -i, --ignore-environment start with an empty environment\n\
126 -u, --unset=NAME remove variable from the environment\n\
128 fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
129 fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
132 A mere - implies -i. If no COMMAND, print the resulting environment.\n\
134 emit_bug_reporting_address ();
140 main (int argc, char **argv)
143 bool ignore_environment = false;
145 initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
146 program_name = argv[0];
147 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
148 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
149 textdomain (PACKAGE);
151 initialize_exit_failure (EXIT_FAILURE);
152 atexit (close_stdout);
154 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "+iu:", longopts, NULL)) != -1)
159 ignore_environment = true;
163 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
164 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
166 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
170 if (optind < argc && STREQ (argv[optind], "-"))
171 ignore_environment = true;
173 if (ignore_environment)
175 static char *dummy_environ[] = { NULL };
176 environ = dummy_environ;
179 optind = 0; /* Force GNU getopt to re-initialize. */
180 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "+iu:", longopts, NULL)) != -1)
182 putenv (optarg); /* Requires GNU putenv. */
184 if (optind < argc && STREQ (argv[optind], "-"))
187 while (optind < argc && strchr (argv[optind], '='))
188 putenv (argv[optind++]);
190 /* If no program is specified, print the environment and exit. */
193 char *const *e = environ;
199 execvp (argv[optind], &argv[optind]);
202 int exit_status = (errno == ENOENT ? EXIT_ENOENT : EXIT_CANNOT_INVOKE);
203 error (0, errno, "%s", argv[optind]);