1 /* cp.c -- file copying (main routines)
2 Copyright (C) 89, 90, 91, 1995-2002 Free Software Foundation.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
18 Written by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, and Jim Meyering. */
26 #include <sys/types.h>
32 #include "backupfile.h"
37 #include "path-concat.h"
40 #define ASSIGN_BASENAME_STRDUPA(Dest, File_name) \
44 ASSIGN_STRDUPA (tmp_abns_, (File_name)); \
45 strip_trailing_slashes (tmp_abns_); \
46 Dest = base_name (tmp_abns_); \
50 /* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */
51 #define PROGRAM_NAME "cp"
53 #define AUTHORS N_ ("Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, and Jim Meyering")
55 #ifndef _POSIX_VERSION
59 /* Used by do_copy, make_path_private, and re_protect
60 to keep a list of leading directories whose protections
61 need to be fixed after copying. */
66 struct dir_attr *next;
69 /* For long options that have no equivalent short option, use a
70 non-character as a pseudo short option, starting with CHAR_MAX + 1. */
73 COPY_CONTENTS_OPTION = CHAR_MAX + 1,
74 NO_PRESERVE_ATTRIBUTES_OPTION,
76 PRESERVE_ATTRIBUTES_OPTION,
79 STRIP_TRAILING_SLASHES_OPTION,
80 TARGET_DIRECTORY_OPTION,
81 UNLINK_DEST_BEFORE_OPENING
84 /* Initial number of entries in each hash table entry's table of inodes. */
85 #define INITIAL_HASH_MODULE 100
87 /* Initial number of entries in the inode hash table. */
88 #define INITIAL_ENTRY_TAB_SIZE 70
90 /* The invocation name of this program. */
93 /* If nonzero, the command "cp x/e_file e_dir" uses "e_dir/x/e_file"
94 as its destination instead of the usual "e_dir/e_file." */
95 static int flag_path = 0;
97 /* Remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE argument. */
98 static int remove_trailing_slashes;
100 static char const *const sparse_type_string[] =
102 "never", "auto", "always", 0
105 static enum Sparse_type const sparse_type[] =
107 SPARSE_NEVER, SPARSE_AUTO, SPARSE_ALWAYS
110 /* Valid arguments to the `--reply' option. */
111 static char const* const reply_args[] =
113 "yes", "no", "query", 0
116 /* The values that correspond to the above strings. */
117 static int const reply_vals[] =
119 I_ALWAYS_YES, I_ALWAYS_NO, I_ASK_USER
122 /* The error code to return to the system. */
123 static int exit_status = 0;
125 static struct option const long_opts[] =
127 {"archive", no_argument, NULL, 'a'},
128 {"backup", optional_argument, NULL, 'b'},
129 {"copy-contents", no_argument, NULL, COPY_CONTENTS_OPTION},
130 {"dereference", no_argument, NULL, 'L'},
131 {"force", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
132 {"interactive", no_argument, NULL, 'i'},
133 {"link", no_argument, NULL, 'l'},
134 {"no-dereference", no_argument, NULL, 'P'},
135 {"no-preserve", required_argument, NULL, NO_PRESERVE_ATTRIBUTES_OPTION},
136 {"one-file-system", no_argument, NULL, 'x'},
137 {"parents", no_argument, NULL, PARENTS_OPTION},
138 {"path", no_argument, NULL, PARENTS_OPTION}, /* Deprecated. */
139 {"preserve", optional_argument, NULL, PRESERVE_ATTRIBUTES_OPTION},
140 {"recursive", no_argument, NULL, 'R'},
141 {"remove-destination", no_argument, NULL, UNLINK_DEST_BEFORE_OPENING},
142 {"reply", required_argument, NULL, REPLY_OPTION},
143 {"sparse", required_argument, NULL, SPARSE_OPTION},
144 {"strip-trailing-slashes", no_argument, NULL, STRIP_TRAILING_SLASHES_OPTION},
145 {"suffix", required_argument, NULL, 'S'},
146 {"symbolic-link", no_argument, NULL, 's'},
147 {"target-directory", required_argument, NULL, TARGET_DIRECTORY_OPTION},
148 {"update", no_argument, NULL, 'u'},
149 {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
150 {"version-control", required_argument, NULL, 'V'}, /* Deprecated. FIXME. */
151 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
152 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
160 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
165 Usage: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST\n\
166 or: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY\n\
167 or: %s [OPTION]... --target-directory=DIRECTORY SOURCE...\n\
169 program_name, program_name, program_name);
171 Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.\n\
175 Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n\
178 -a, --archive same as -dpR\n\
179 --backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file\n\
180 -b like --backup but does not accept an argument\n\
181 --copy-contents copy contents of special files when recursive\n\
182 -d same as --no-dereference --preserve=link\n\
185 --no-dereference never follow symbolic links\n\
186 -f, --force if an existing destination file cannot be\n\
187 opened, remove it and try again\n\
188 -i, --interactive prompt before overwrite\n\
189 -H follow command-line symbolic links\n\
192 -l, --link link files instead of copying\n\
193 -L, --dereference always follow symbolic links\n\
194 -p same as --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps\n\
195 --preserve[=ATTR_LIST] preserve the specified attributes (default:\n\
196 mode,ownership,timestamps), if possible\n\
197 additional attributes: links, all\n\
200 --no-preserve=ATTR_LIST don't preserve the specified attributes\n\
201 --parents append source path to DIRECTORY\n\
202 -P same as `--no-dereference'\n\
205 -R, -r, --recursive copy directories recursively\n\
206 --remove-destination remove each existing destination file before\n\
207 attempting to open it (contrast with --force)\n\
210 --reply={yes,no,query} specify how to handle the prompt about an\n\
211 existing destination file\n\
212 --sparse=WHEN control creation of sparse files\n\
213 --strip-trailing-slashes remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE\n\
217 -s, --symbolic-link make symbolic links instead of copying\n\
218 -S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix\n\
219 --target-directory=DIRECTORY move all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY\n\
222 -u, --update copy only when the SOURCE file is newer\n\
223 than the destination file or when the\n\
224 destination file is missing\n\
225 -v, --verbose explain what is being done\n\
226 -x, --one-file-system stay on this file system\n\
228 fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
229 fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
232 By default, sparse SOURCE files are detected by a crude heuristic and the\n\
233 corresponding DEST file is made sparse as well. That is the behavior\n\
234 selected by --sparse=auto. Specify --sparse=always to create a sparse DEST\n\
235 file whenever the SOURCE file contains a long enough sequence of zero bytes.\n\
236 Use --sparse=never to inhibit creation of sparse files.\n\
240 The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.\n\
241 The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through\n\
242 the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:\n\
246 none, off never make backups (even if --backup is given)\n\
247 numbered, t make numbered backups\n\
248 existing, nil numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise\n\
249 simple, never always make simple backups\n\
253 As a special case, cp makes a backup of SOURCE when the force and backup\n\
254 options are given and SOURCE and DEST are the same name for an existing,\n\
257 puts (_("\nReport bugs to <bug-fileutils@gnu.org>."));
262 /* Ensure that the parent directories of CONST_DST_PATH have the
263 correct protections, for the --parents option. This is done
264 after all copying has been completed, to allow permissions
265 that don't include user write/execute.
267 SRC_OFFSET is the index in CONST_DST_PATH of the beginning of the
268 source directory name.
270 ATTR_LIST is a null-terminated linked list of structures that
271 indicates the end of the filename of each intermediate directory
272 in CONST_DST_PATH that may need to have its attributes changed.
273 The command `cp --parents --preserve a/b/c d/e_dir' changes the
274 attributes of the directories d/e_dir/a and d/e_dir/a/b to match
275 the corresponding source directories regardless of whether they
276 existed before the `cp' command was given.
278 Return 0 if the parent of CONST_DST_PATH and any intermediate
279 directories specified by ATTR_LIST have the proper permissions
280 when done, otherwise 1. */
283 re_protect (const char *const_dst_path, int src_offset,
284 struct dir_attr *attr_list, const struct cp_options *x)
287 char *dst_path; /* A copy of CONST_DST_PATH we can change. */
288 char *src_path; /* The source name in `dst_path'. */
289 uid_t myeuid = geteuid ();
291 dst_path = (char *) alloca (strlen (const_dst_path) + 1);
292 strcpy (dst_path, const_dst_path);
293 src_path = dst_path + src_offset;
295 for (p = attr_list; p; p = p->next)
299 dst_path[p->slash_offset] = '\0';
301 if ((*(x->xstat)) (src_path, &src_sb))
303 error (0, errno, _("failed to get attributes of %s"),
308 /* Adjust the times (and if possible, ownership) for the copy.
309 chown turns off set[ug]id bits for non-root,
310 so do the chmod last. */
312 if (x->preserve_timestamps)
316 /* There's currently no interface to set file timestamps with
317 better than 1-second resolution, so discard any fractional
318 part of the source timestamp. */
320 utb.actime = src_sb.st_atime;
321 utb.modtime = src_sb.st_mtime;
323 if (utime (dst_path, &utb))
325 error (0, errno, _("preserving times for %s"), quote (dst_path));
330 if (x->preserve_ownership)
332 /* If non-root uses -p, it's ok if we can't preserve ownership.
333 But root probably wants to know, e.g. if NFS disallows it,
334 or if the target system doesn't support file ownership. */
335 if (chown (dst_path, src_sb.st_uid, src_sb.st_gid)
336 && ((errno != EPERM && errno != EINVAL) || myeuid == 0))
338 error (0, errno, _("preserving ownership for %s"),
344 if (x->preserve_mode || p->is_new_dir)
346 if (chmod (dst_path, src_sb.st_mode & x->umask_kill))
348 error (0, errno, _("preserving permissions for %s"),
354 dst_path[p->slash_offset] = '/';
359 /* Ensure that the parent directory of CONST_DIRPATH exists, for
360 the --parents option.
362 SRC_OFFSET is the index in CONST_DIRPATH (which is a destination
363 path) of the beginning of the source directory name.
364 Create any leading directories that don't already exist,
365 giving them permissions MODE.
366 If VERBOSE_FMT_STRING is nonzero, use it as a printf format
367 string for printing a message after successfully making a directory.
368 The format should take two string arguments: the names of the
369 source and destination directories.
370 Creates a linked list of attributes of intermediate directories,
371 *ATTR_LIST, for re_protect to use after calling copy.
372 Sets *NEW_DST to 1 if this function creates parent of CONST_DIRPATH.
374 Return 0 if parent of CONST_DIRPATH exists as a directory with the proper
375 permissions when done, otherwise 1. */
377 /* FIXME: find a way to synch this function with the one in lib/makepath.c. */
380 make_path_private (const char *const_dirpath, int src_offset, int mode,
381 const char *verbose_fmt_string, struct dir_attr **attr_list,
382 int *new_dst, int (*xstat)())
385 char *dirpath; /* A copy of CONST_DIRPATH we can change. */
386 char *src; /* Source name in `dirpath'. */
387 char *dst_dirname; /* Leading path of `dirpath'. */
388 size_t dirlen; /* Length of leading path of `dirpath'. */
390 dirpath = (char *) alloca (strlen (const_dirpath) + 1);
391 strcpy (dirpath, const_dirpath);
393 src = dirpath + src_offset;
395 dirlen = dir_len (dirpath);
396 dst_dirname = (char *) alloca (dirlen + 1);
397 memcpy (dst_dirname, dirpath, dirlen);
398 dst_dirname[dirlen] = '\0';
402 if ((*xstat) (dst_dirname, &stats))
404 /* Parent of CONST_DIRNAME does not exist.
405 Make all missing intermediate directories. */
409 while (*slash == '/')
411 while ((slash = strchr (slash, '/')))
413 /* Add this directory to the list of directories whose modes need
415 struct dir_attr *new =
416 (struct dir_attr *) xmalloc (sizeof (struct dir_attr));
417 new->slash_offset = slash - dirpath;
418 new->next = *attr_list;
422 if ((*xstat) (dirpath, &stats))
424 /* This element of the path does not exist. We must set
425 *new_dst and new->is_new_dir inside this loop because,
426 for example, in the command `cp --parents ../a/../b/c e_dir',
427 make_path_private creates only e_dir/../a if ./b already
431 if (mkdir (dirpath, mode))
433 error (0, errno, _("cannot make directory %s"),
439 if (verbose_fmt_string != NULL)
440 printf (verbose_fmt_string, src, dirpath);
443 else if (!S_ISDIR (stats.st_mode))
445 error (0, 0, _("%s exists but is not a directory"),
456 /* Avoid unnecessary calls to `stat' when given
457 pathnames containing multiple adjacent slashes. */
458 while (*slash == '/')
463 /* We get here if the parent of `dirpath' already exists. */
465 else if (!S_ISDIR (stats.st_mode))
467 error (0, 0, _("%s exists but is not a directory"), quote (dst_dirname));
477 /* Scan the arguments, and copy each by calling copy.
478 Return 0 if successful, 1 if any errors occur. */
481 do_copy (int n_files, char **file, const char *target_directory,
482 struct cp_options *x)
492 error (0, 0, _("missing file arguments"));
495 if (n_files == 1 && !target_directory)
497 error (0, 0, _("missing destination file"));
501 if (target_directory)
502 dest = target_directory;
505 dest = file[n_files - 1];
509 /* Initialize these hash tables only if we'll need them.
510 The problems they're used to detect can arise only if
511 there are two or more files to copy. */
518 if (lstat (dest, &sb))
522 error (0, errno, _("accessing %s"), quote (dest));
532 /* If `dest' is not a symlink to a nonexistent file, use
533 the results of stat instead of lstat, so we can copy files
534 into symlinks to directories. */
535 if (stat (dest, &sbx) == 0)
538 dest_is_dir = S_ISDIR (sb.st_mode);
543 if (target_directory)
545 error (0, 0, _("%s: specified target is not a directory"),
553 _("copying multiple files, but last argument %s is not a directory"),
561 /* cp file1...filen edir
562 Copy the files `file1' through `filen'
563 to the existing directory `edir'. */
566 for (i = 0; i < n_files; i++)
569 int parent_exists = 1; /* True if dir_name (dst_path) exists. */
570 struct dir_attr *attr_list;
571 char *arg_in_concat = NULL;
574 /* Trailing slashes are meaningful (i.e., maybe worth preserving)
575 only in the source file names. */
576 if (remove_trailing_slashes)
577 strip_trailing_slashes (arg);
581 char *arg_no_trailing_slash;
583 /* Use `arg' without trailing slashes in constructing destination
584 file names. Otherwise, we can end up trying to create a
585 directory via `mkdir ("dst/foo/"...', which is not portable.
586 It fails, due to the trailing slash, on at least
587 NetBSD 1.[34] systems. */
588 ASSIGN_STRDUPA (arg_no_trailing_slash, arg);
589 strip_trailing_slashes (arg_no_trailing_slash);
591 /* Append all of `arg' (minus any trailing slash) to `dest'. */
592 dst_path = path_concat (dest, arg_no_trailing_slash,
594 if (dst_path == NULL)
597 /* For --parents, we have to make sure that the directory
598 dir_name (dst_path) exists. We may have to create a few
599 leading directories. */
600 parent_exists = !make_path_private (dst_path,
601 arg_in_concat - dst_path,
604 ? "%s -> %s\n" : NULL),
605 &attr_list, &new_dst,
611 /* Append the last component of `arg' to `dest'. */
613 ASSIGN_BASENAME_STRDUPA (arg_base, arg);
614 /* For `cp -R source/.. dest', don't copy into `dest/..'. */
615 dst_path = (STREQ (arg_base, "..")
617 : path_concat (dest, arg_base, NULL));
622 /* make_path_private failed, so don't even attempt the copy. */
628 ret |= copy (arg, dst_path, new_dst, x, ©_into_self, NULL);
632 ret |= re_protect (dst_path, arg_in_concat - dst_path,
641 else /* if (n_files == 1) */
646 struct stat source_stats;
651 _("when preserving paths, the destination must be a directory"));
657 /* When the force and backup options have been specified and
658 the source and destination are the same name for an existing
659 regular file, convert the user's command, e.g.,
660 `cp --force --backup foo foo' to `cp --force foo fooSUFFIX'
661 where SUFFIX is determined by any version control options used. */
663 if (x->unlink_dest_after_failed_open
664 && x->backup_type != none
665 && STREQ (source, dest)
666 && !new_dst && S_ISREG (sb.st_mode))
668 static struct cp_options x_tmp;
670 new_dest = find_backup_file_name (dest, x->backup_type);
671 /* Set x->backup_type to `none' so that the normal backup
672 mechanism is not used when performing the actual copy.
673 backup_type must be set to `none' only *after* the above
674 call to find_backup_file_name -- that function uses
675 backup_type to determine the suffix it applies. */
677 x_tmp.backup_type = none;
680 if (new_dest == NULL)
684 /* When the destination is specified with a trailing slash and the
685 source exists but is not a directory, convert the user's command
686 `cp source dest/' to `cp source dest/basename(source)'. Doing
687 this ensures that the command `cp non-directory file/' will now
688 fail rather than performing the copy. COPY diagnoses the case of
689 `cp directory non-directory'. */
691 else if (dest[strlen (dest) - 1] == '/'
692 && lstat (source, &source_stats) == 0
693 && !S_ISDIR (source_stats.st_mode))
697 ASSIGN_BASENAME_STRDUPA (source_base, source);
698 new_dest = (char *) alloca (strlen (dest)
699 + strlen (source_base) + 1);
700 stpcpy (stpcpy (new_dest, dest), source_base);
704 new_dest = (char *) dest;
707 return copy (source, new_dest, new_dst, x, &unused, NULL);
714 cp_option_init (struct cp_options *x)
716 x->copy_as_regular = 1;
717 x->dereference = DEREF_UNDEFINED;
718 x->unlink_dest_before_opening = 0;
719 x->unlink_dest_after_failed_open = 0;
721 x->interactive = I_UNSPECIFIED;
722 x->myeuid = geteuid ();
724 x->one_file_system = 0;
726 x->preserve_ownership = 0;
727 x->preserve_links = 0;
728 x->preserve_mode = 0;
729 x->preserve_timestamps = 0;
731 x->require_preserve = 0;
733 x->sparse_mode = SPARSE_AUTO;
734 x->symbolic_link = 0;
741 /* Find out the current file creation mask, to knock the right bits
742 when using chmod. The creation mask is set to be liberal, so
743 that created directories can be written, even if it would not
744 have been allowed with the mask this process was started with. */
745 x->umask_kill = ~ umask (0);
753 /* Given a string, ARG, containing a comma-separated list of arguments
754 to the --preserve option, set the appropriate fields of X to ON_OFF. */
756 decode_preserve_arg (char const *arg, struct cp_options *x, int on_off)
766 static enum File_attribute const preserve_vals[] =
768 PRESERVE_MODE, PRESERVE_TIMESTAMPS,
769 PRESERVE_OWNERSHIP, PRESERVE_LINK, PRESERVE_ALL
772 /* Valid arguments to the `--reply' option. */
773 static char const* const preserve_args[] =
775 "mode", "timestamps",
776 "ownership", "links", "all", 0
779 char *arg_writable = xstrdup (arg);
780 char *s = arg_writable;
783 /* find next comma */
784 char *comma = strchr (s, ',');
785 enum File_attribute val;
787 /* put a NUL in its place */
792 val = XARGMATCH ("--preserve", s, preserve_args, preserve_vals);
796 x->preserve_mode = on_off;
799 case PRESERVE_TIMESTAMPS:
800 x->preserve_timestamps = on_off;
803 case PRESERVE_OWNERSHIP:
804 x->preserve_ownership = on_off;
808 x->preserve_links = on_off;
812 x->preserve_mode = on_off;
813 x->preserve_timestamps = on_off;
814 x->preserve_ownership = on_off;
815 x->preserve_links = on_off;
829 main (int argc, char **argv)
832 int make_backups = 0;
833 char *backup_suffix_string;
834 char *version_control_string = NULL;
836 int copy_contents = 0;
837 char *target_directory = NULL;
839 program_name = argv[0];
840 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
841 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
842 textdomain (PACKAGE);
844 atexit (close_stdout);
848 /* FIXME: consider not calling getenv for SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX unless
849 we'll actually use backup_suffix_string. */
850 backup_suffix_string = getenv ("SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX");
852 while ((c = getopt_long (argc, argv, "abdfHilLprsuvxPRS:V:", long_opts, NULL))
861 x.sparse_mode = XARGMATCH ("--sparse", optarg,
862 sparse_type_string, sparse_type);
865 case 'a': /* Like -dpPR. */
866 x.dereference = DEREF_NEVER;
867 x.preserve_links = 1;
868 x.preserve_ownership = 1;
870 x.preserve_timestamps = 1;
871 x.require_preserve = 1;
875 case 'V': /* FIXME: this is deprecated. Remove it in 2001. */
877 _("warning: --version-control (-V) is obsolete; support for\
878 it\nwill be removed in some future release. Use --backup=%s instead."
885 version_control_string = optarg;
888 case COPY_CONTENTS_OPTION:
893 x.preserve_links = 1;
894 x.dereference = DEREF_NEVER;
898 x.unlink_dest_after_failed_open = 1;
902 x.dereference = DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENTS;
906 x.interactive = I_ASK_USER;
914 x.dereference = DEREF_ALWAYS;
918 x.dereference = DEREF_NEVER;
921 case NO_PRESERVE_ATTRIBUTES_OPTION:
922 decode_preserve_arg (optarg, &x, 0);
925 case PRESERVE_ATTRIBUTES_OPTION:
928 /* Fall through to the case for `p' below. */
932 decode_preserve_arg (optarg, &x, 1);
933 x.require_preserve = 1;
938 x.preserve_ownership = 1;
940 x.preserve_timestamps = 1;
941 x.require_preserve = 1;
954 x.interactive = XARGMATCH ("--reply", optarg,
955 reply_args, reply_vals);
958 case UNLINK_DEST_BEFORE_OPENING:
959 x.unlink_dest_before_opening = 1;
962 case STRIP_TRAILING_SLASHES_OPTION:
963 remove_trailing_slashes = 1;
970 error (1, 0, _("symbolic links are not supported on this system"));
974 case TARGET_DIRECTORY_OPTION:
975 target_directory = optarg;
987 x.one_file_system = 1;
992 backup_suffix_string = optarg;
995 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
997 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
1004 if (x.hard_link && x.symbolic_link)
1006 error (0, 0, _("cannot make both hard and symbolic links"));
1010 if (backup_suffix_string)
1011 simple_backup_suffix = xstrdup (backup_suffix_string);
1013 x.backup_type = (make_backups
1014 ? xget_version (_("backup type"),
1015 version_control_string)
1018 if (x.preserve_mode == 1)
1019 x.umask_kill = ~ (mode_t) 0;
1021 if (x.dereference == DEREF_UNDEFINED)
1024 /* This is compatible with FreeBSD. */
1025 x.dereference = DEREF_NEVER;
1027 x.dereference = DEREF_ALWAYS;
1030 /* The key difference between -d (--no-dereference) and not is the version
1031 of `stat' to call. */
1033 if (x.dereference == DEREF_NEVER)
1037 /* For DEREF_COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENTS, x.xstat must be stat for
1038 each command line argument, but must later be `lstat' for
1039 any symlinks that are found via recursive traversal. */
1044 x.copy_as_regular = copy_contents;
1046 /* If --force (-f) was specified and we're in link-creation mode,
1047 first remove any existing destination file. */
1048 if (x.unlink_dest_after_failed_open && (x.hard_link || x.symbolic_link))
1049 x.unlink_dest_before_opening = 1;
1051 /* Allocate space for remembering copied and created files. */
1055 exit_status |= do_copy (argc - optind, argv + optind, target_directory, &x);