1 /* chmod -- change permission modes of files
2 Copyright (C) 89, 90, 91, 1995-2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
16 Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */
18 /* Written by David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu> */
23 #include <sys/types.h>
30 #include "modechange.h"
34 #include "root-dev-ino.h"
37 /* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */
38 #define PROGRAM_NAME "chmod"
40 #define AUTHORS "David MacKenzie", "Jim Meyering"
47 CH_NO_CHANGE_REQUESTED
52 /* Print a message for each file that is processed. */
55 /* Print a message for each file whose attributes we change. */
58 /* Do not be verbose. This is the default. */
62 /* The name the program was run with. */
65 /* The desired change to the mode. */
66 static struct mode_change *change;
68 /* The initial umask value, if it might be needed. */
69 static mode_t umask_value;
71 /* If true, change the modes of directories recursively. */
74 /* If true, force silence (no error messages). */
75 static bool force_silent;
77 /* If true, diagnose surprises from naive misuses like "chmod -r file".
78 POSIX allows diagnostics here, as portable code is supposed to use
79 "chmod -- -r file". */
80 static bool diagnose_surprises;
82 /* Level of verbosity. */
83 static enum Verbosity verbosity = V_off;
85 /* Pointer to the device and inode numbers of `/', when --recursive.
87 static struct dev_ino *root_dev_ino;
89 /* For long options that have no equivalent short option, use a
90 non-character as a pseudo short option, starting with CHAR_MAX + 1. */
93 NO_PRESERVE_ROOT = CHAR_MAX + 1,
98 static struct option const long_options[] =
100 {"changes", no_argument, NULL, 'c'},
101 {"recursive", no_argument, NULL, 'R'},
102 {"no-preserve-root", no_argument, NULL, NO_PRESERVE_ROOT},
103 {"preserve-root", no_argument, NULL, PRESERVE_ROOT},
104 {"quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
105 {"reference", required_argument, NULL, REFERENCE_FILE_OPTION},
106 {"silent", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
107 {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
108 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
109 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
113 /* Return true if the chmodable permission bits of FILE changed.
114 The old mode was OLD_MODE, but it was changed to NEW_MODE. */
117 mode_changed (char const *file, mode_t old_mode, mode_t new_mode)
119 if (new_mode & (S_ISUID | S_ISGID | S_ISVTX))
121 /* The new mode contains unusual bits that the call to chmod may
122 have silently cleared. Check whether they actually changed. */
124 struct stat new_stats;
126 if (stat (file, &new_stats) != 0)
129 error (0, errno, _("getting new attributes of %s"), quote (file));
133 new_mode = new_stats.st_mode;
136 return ((old_mode ^ new_mode) & CHMOD_MODE_BITS) != 0;
139 /* Tell the user how/if the MODE of FILE has been changed.
140 CHANGED describes what (if anything) has happened. */
143 describe_change (const char *file, mode_t mode,
144 enum Change_status changed)
146 char perms[12]; /* "-rwxrwxrwx" ls-style modes. */
149 if (changed == CH_NOT_APPLIED)
151 printf (_("neither symbolic link %s nor referent has been changed\n"),
156 strmode (mode, perms);
157 perms[10] = '\0'; /* Remove trailing space. */
161 fmt = _("mode of %s changed to %04lo (%s)\n");
164 fmt = _("failed to change mode of %s to %04lo (%s)\n");
166 case CH_NO_CHANGE_REQUESTED:
167 fmt = _("mode of %s retained as %04lo (%s)\n");
172 printf (fmt, quote (file),
173 (unsigned long int) (mode & CHMOD_MODE_BITS), &perms[1]);
176 /* Change the mode of FILE.
177 Return true if successful. This function is called
178 once for every file system object that fts encounters. */
181 process_file (FTS *fts, FTSENT *ent)
183 char const *file_full_name = ent->fts_path;
184 char const *file = ent->fts_accpath;
185 const struct stat *file_stats = ent->fts_statp;
186 mode_t old_mode IF_LINT (= 0);
187 mode_t new_mode IF_LINT (= 0);
189 bool chmod_succeeded = false;
191 switch (ent->fts_info)
197 error (0, ent->fts_errno, _("cannot access %s"), quote (file_full_name));
202 error (0, ent->fts_errno, _("%s"), quote (file_full_name));
207 error (0, ent->fts_errno, _("cannot read directory %s"),
208 quote (file_full_name));
216 if (ok && ROOT_DEV_INO_CHECK (root_dev_ino, file_stats))
218 ROOT_DEV_INO_WARN (file_full_name);
224 old_mode = file_stats->st_mode;
225 new_mode = mode_adjust (old_mode, S_ISDIR (old_mode) != 0, umask_value,
228 if (! S_ISLNK (old_mode))
230 if (chmodat (fts->fts_cwd_fd, file, new_mode) == 0)
231 chmod_succeeded = true;
235 error (0, errno, _("changing permissions of %s"),
236 quote (file_full_name));
242 if (verbosity != V_off)
244 bool changed = (chmod_succeeded
245 && mode_changed (file, old_mode, new_mode));
247 if (changed || verbosity == V_high)
249 enum Change_status ch_status =
251 : !chmod_succeeded ? CH_NOT_APPLIED
252 : !changed ? CH_NO_CHANGE_REQUESTED
254 describe_change (file_full_name, new_mode, ch_status);
258 if (chmod_succeeded & diagnose_surprises)
260 mode_t naively_expected_mode =
261 mode_adjust (old_mode, S_ISDIR (old_mode) != 0, 0, change, NULL);
262 if (new_mode & ~naively_expected_mode)
265 char naively_expected_perms[12];
266 strmode (new_mode, new_perms);
267 strmode (naively_expected_mode, naively_expected_perms);
268 new_perms[10] = naively_expected_perms[10] = '\0';
270 _("%s: new permissions are %s, not %s"),
271 quotearg_colon (file_full_name),
272 new_perms + 1, naively_expected_perms + 1);
278 fts_set (fts, ent, FTS_SKIP);
283 /* Recursively change the modes of the specified FILES (the last entry
284 of which is NULL). BIT_FLAGS controls how fts works.
285 Return true if successful. */
288 process_files (char **files, int bit_flags)
292 FTS *fts = xfts_open (files, bit_flags, NULL);
298 ent = fts_read (fts);
303 /* FIXME: try to give a better message */
304 error (0, errno, _("fts_read failed"));
310 ok &= process_file (fts, ent);
313 /* Ignore failure, since the only way it can do so is in failing to
314 return to the original directory, and since we're about to exit,
315 that doesn't matter. */
324 if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
325 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
330 Usage: %s [OPTION]... MODE[,MODE]... FILE...\n\
331 or: %s [OPTION]... OCTAL-MODE FILE...\n\
332 or: %s [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...\n\
334 program_name, program_name, program_name);
336 Change the mode of each FILE to MODE.\n\
338 -c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made\n\
341 --no-preserve-root do not treat `/' specially (the default)\n\
342 --preserve-root fail to operate recursively on `/'\n\
345 -f, --silent, --quiet suppress most error messages\n\
346 -v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed\n\
347 --reference=RFILE use RFILE's mode instead of MODE values\n\
348 -R, --recursive change files and directories recursively\n\
350 fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
351 fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
354 Each MODE is of the form `[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+'.\n\
356 printf (_("\nReport bugs to <%s>.\n"), PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);
361 /* Parse the ASCII mode given on the command line into a linked list
362 of `struct mode_change' and apply that to each file argument. */
365 main (int argc, char **argv)
369 size_t mode_alloc = 0;
371 bool preserve_root = false;
372 char const *reference_file = NULL;
375 initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
376 program_name = argv[0];
377 setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
378 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
379 textdomain (PACKAGE);
381 atexit (close_stdout);
383 recurse = force_silent = diagnose_surprises = false;
385 while ((c = getopt_long (argc, argv,
386 "Rcfvr::w::x::X::s::t::u::g::o::a::,::+::=::",
405 /* Support nonportable uses like "chmod -w", but diagnose
406 surprises due to umask confusion. Even though "--", "--r",
407 etc., are valid modes, there is no "case '-'" here since
408 getopt_long reserves leading "--" for long options. */
410 /* Allocate a mode string (e.g., "-rwx") by concatenating
411 the argument containing this option. If a previous mode
412 string was given, concatenate the previous string, a
413 comma, and the new string (e.g., "-s,-rwx"). */
415 char const *arg = argv[optind - 1];
416 size_t arg_len = strlen (arg);
417 size_t mode_comma_len = mode_len + !!mode_len;
418 size_t new_mode_len = mode_comma_len + arg_len;
419 if (mode_alloc <= new_mode_len)
421 mode_alloc = new_mode_len + 1;
422 mode = X2REALLOC (mode, &mode_alloc);
424 mode[mode_len] = ',';
425 strcpy (mode + mode_comma_len, arg);
426 mode_len = new_mode_len;
428 diagnose_surprises = true;
431 case NO_PRESERVE_ROOT:
432 preserve_root = false;
435 preserve_root = true;
437 case REFERENCE_FILE_OPTION:
438 reference_file = optarg;
444 verbosity = V_changes_only;
452 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
453 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
455 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
463 error (0, 0, _("cannot combine mode and --reference options"));
464 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
470 mode = argv[optind++];
475 if (!mode || mode != argv[optind - 1])
476 error (0, 0, _("missing operand"));
478 error (0, 0, _("missing operand after %s"), quote (argv[argc - 1]));
479 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
484 change = mode_create_from_ref (reference_file);
486 error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("failed to get attributes of %s"),
487 quote (reference_file));
491 change = mode_compile (mode);
494 error (0, 0, _("invalid mode: %s"), quote (mode));
495 usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
497 umask_value = umask (0);
500 if (recurse & preserve_root)
502 static struct dev_ino dev_ino_buf;
503 root_dev_ino = get_root_dev_ino (&dev_ino_buf);
504 if (root_dev_ino == NULL)
505 error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("failed to get attributes of %s"),
513 ok = process_files (argv + optind, FTS_COMFOLLOW | FTS_PHYSICAL);
515 exit (ok ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);