1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
3 * Sound core. This file is composed of two parts. sound_class
4 * which is common to both OSS and ALSA and OSS sound core which
5 * is used OSS or emulation of it.
9 * First, the common part.
11 #include <linux/module.h>
12 #include <linux/device.h>
13 #include <linux/err.h>
14 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
15 #include <linux/major.h>
16 #include <sound/core.h>
18 #ifdef CONFIG_SOUND_OSS_CORE
19 static int __init init_oss_soundcore(void);
20 static void cleanup_oss_soundcore(void);
22 static inline int init_oss_soundcore(void) { return 0; }
23 static inline void cleanup_oss_soundcore(void) { }
26 struct class *sound_class;
27 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sound_class);
29 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Core sound module");
30 MODULE_AUTHOR("Alan Cox");
31 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
33 static char *sound_devnode(struct device *dev, umode_t *mode)
35 if (MAJOR(dev->devt) == SOUND_MAJOR)
37 return kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "snd/%s", dev_name(dev));
40 static int __init init_soundcore(void)
44 rc = init_oss_soundcore();
48 sound_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "sound");
49 if (IS_ERR(sound_class)) {
50 cleanup_oss_soundcore();
51 return PTR_ERR(sound_class);
54 sound_class->devnode = sound_devnode;
59 static void __exit cleanup_soundcore(void)
61 cleanup_oss_soundcore();
62 class_destroy(sound_class);
65 subsys_initcall(init_soundcore);
66 module_exit(cleanup_soundcore);
69 #ifdef CONFIG_SOUND_OSS_CORE
71 * OSS sound core handling. Breaks out sound functions to submodules
73 * Author: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
77 * --------------------
79 * Top level handler for the sound subsystem. Various devices can
80 * plug into this. The fact they don't all go via OSS doesn't mean
81 * they don't have to implement the OSS API. There is a lot of logic
82 * to keeping much of the OSS weight out of the code in a compatibility
83 * module, but it's up to the driver to rember to load it...
85 * The code provides a set of functions for registration of devices
86 * by type. This is done rather than providing a single call so that
87 * we can hide any future changes in the internals (eg when we go to
88 * 32bit dev_t) from the modules and their interface.
90 * Secondly we need to allocate the dsp, dsp16 and audio devices as
91 * one. Thus we misuse the chains a bit to simplify this.
93 * Thirdly to make it more fun and for 2.3.x and above we do all
94 * of this using fine grained locking.
96 * FIXME: we have to resolve modules and fine grained load/unload
97 * locking at some point in 2.3.x.
100 #include <linux/init.h>
101 #include <linux/slab.h>
102 #include <linux/types.h>
103 #include <linux/kernel.h>
104 #include <linux/sound.h>
105 #include <linux/kmod.h>
107 #define SOUND_STEP 16
112 const struct file_operations *unit_fops;
113 struct sound_unit *next;
118 * By default, OSS sound_core claims full legacy minor range (0-255)
119 * of SOUND_MAJOR to trap open attempts to any sound minor and
120 * requests modules using custom sound-slot/service-* module aliases.
121 * The only benefit of doing this is allowing use of custom module
122 * aliases instead of the standard char-major-* ones. This behavior
123 * prevents alternative OSS implementation and is scheduled to be
126 * CONFIG_SOUND_OSS_CORE_PRECLAIM and soundcore.preclaim_oss kernel
127 * parameter are added to allow distros and developers to try and
128 * switch to alternative implementations without needing to rebuild
129 * the kernel in the meantime. If preclaim_oss is non-zero, the
130 * kernel will behave the same as before. All SOUND_MAJOR minors are
131 * preclaimed and the custom module aliases along with standard chrdev
132 * ones are emitted if a missing device is opened. If preclaim_oss is
133 * zero, sound_core only grabs what's actually in use and for missing
134 * devices only the standard chrdev aliases are requested.
136 * All these clutters are scheduled to be removed along with
137 * sound-slot/service-* module aliases.
139 static int preclaim_oss = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SOUND_OSS_CORE_PRECLAIM);
141 module_param(preclaim_oss, int, 0444);
143 static int soundcore_open(struct inode *, struct file *);
145 static const struct file_operations soundcore_fops =
147 /* We must have an owner or the module locking fails */
148 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
149 .open = soundcore_open,
150 .llseek = noop_llseek,
154 * Low level list operator. Scan the ordered list, find a hole and
155 * join into it. Called with the lock asserted
158 static int __sound_insert_unit(struct sound_unit * s, struct sound_unit **list, const struct file_operations *fops, int index, int low, int top)
162 if (index < 0) { /* first free */
164 while (*list && (*list)->unit_minor<n)
165 list=&((*list)->next);
170 if(*list==NULL || (*list)->unit_minor>n)
172 list=&((*list)->next);
181 if ((*list)->unit_minor==n)
183 if ((*list)->unit_minor>n)
185 list=&((*list)->next);
208 * Remove a node from the chain. Called with the lock asserted
211 static struct sound_unit *__sound_remove_unit(struct sound_unit **list, int unit)
215 struct sound_unit *p=*list;
216 if(p->unit_minor==unit)
223 printk(KERN_ERR "Sound device %d went missing!\n", unit);
228 * This lock guards the sound loader list.
231 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(sound_loader_lock);
234 * Allocate the controlling structure and add it to the sound driver
235 * list. Acquires locks as needed
238 static int sound_insert_unit(struct sound_unit **list, const struct file_operations *fops, int index, int low, int top, const char *name, umode_t mode, struct device *dev)
240 struct sound_unit *s = kmalloc(sizeof(*s), GFP_KERNEL);
246 spin_lock(&sound_loader_lock);
248 r = __sound_insert_unit(s, list, fops, index, low, top);
249 spin_unlock(&sound_loader_lock);
253 else if (r < SOUND_STEP)
254 sprintf(s->name, "sound/%s", name);
256 sprintf(s->name, "sound/%s%d", name, r / SOUND_STEP);
260 * Something else might have grabbed the minor. If
261 * first free slot is requested, rescan with @low set
262 * to the next unit; otherwise, -EBUSY.
264 r = __register_chrdev(SOUND_MAJOR, s->unit_minor, 1, s->name,
267 spin_lock(&sound_loader_lock);
268 __sound_remove_unit(list, s->unit_minor);
270 low = s->unit_minor + SOUND_STEP;
273 spin_unlock(&sound_loader_lock);
279 device_create(sound_class, dev, MKDEV(SOUND_MAJOR, s->unit_minor),
280 NULL, "%s", s->name+6);
281 return s->unit_minor;
289 * Remove a unit. Acquires locks as needed. The drivers MUST have
290 * completed the removal before their file operations become
294 static void sound_remove_unit(struct sound_unit **list, int unit)
296 struct sound_unit *p;
298 spin_lock(&sound_loader_lock);
299 p = __sound_remove_unit(list, unit);
300 spin_unlock(&sound_loader_lock);
303 __unregister_chrdev(SOUND_MAJOR, p->unit_minor, 1,
305 device_destroy(sound_class, MKDEV(SOUND_MAJOR, p->unit_minor));
319 * 6 -- sndstat (obsolete)
321 * 8 -- alternate sequencer (see above)
322 * 9 *16 raw synthesizer access
331 static struct sound_unit *chains[SOUND_STEP];
334 * register_sound_special_device - register a special sound node
335 * @fops: File operations for the driver
336 * @unit: Unit number to allocate
337 * @dev: device pointer
339 * Allocate a special sound device by minor number from the sound
342 * Return: The allocated number is returned on success. On failure,
343 * a negative error code is returned.
346 int register_sound_special_device(const struct file_operations *fops, int unit,
349 const int chain = unit % SOUND_STEP;
360 if (unit >= SOUND_STEP)
378 if (unit >= SOUND_STEP)
400 sprintf(_name, "unknown%d", chain);
401 if (unit >= SOUND_STEP)
407 return sound_insert_unit(&chains[chain], fops, -1, unit, max_unit,
411 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_sound_special_device);
413 int register_sound_special(const struct file_operations *fops, int unit)
415 return register_sound_special_device(fops, unit, NULL);
418 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_sound_special);
421 * register_sound_mixer - register a mixer device
422 * @fops: File operations for the driver
423 * @dev: Unit number to allocate
425 * Allocate a mixer device. Unit is the number of the mixer requested.
426 * Pass -1 to request the next free mixer unit.
428 * Return: On success, the allocated number is returned. On failure,
429 * a negative error code is returned.
432 int register_sound_mixer(const struct file_operations *fops, int dev)
434 return sound_insert_unit(&chains[0], fops, dev, 0, 128,
435 "mixer", 0600, NULL);
438 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_sound_mixer);
441 * DSP's are registered as a triple. Register only one and cheat
442 * in open - see below.
446 * register_sound_dsp - register a DSP device
447 * @fops: File operations for the driver
448 * @dev: Unit number to allocate
450 * Allocate a DSP device. Unit is the number of the DSP requested.
451 * Pass -1 to request the next free DSP unit.
453 * This function allocates both the audio and dsp device entries together
454 * and will always allocate them as a matching pair - eg dsp3/audio3
456 * Return: On success, the allocated number is returned. On failure,
457 * a negative error code is returned.
460 int register_sound_dsp(const struct file_operations *fops, int dev)
462 return sound_insert_unit(&chains[3], fops, dev, 3, 131,
466 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_sound_dsp);
469 * unregister_sound_special - unregister a special sound device
470 * @unit: unit number to allocate
472 * Release a sound device that was allocated with
473 * register_sound_special(). The unit passed is the return value from
474 * the register function.
478 void unregister_sound_special(int unit)
480 sound_remove_unit(&chains[unit % SOUND_STEP], unit);
483 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_sound_special);
486 * unregister_sound_mixer - unregister a mixer
487 * @unit: unit number to allocate
489 * Release a sound device that was allocated with register_sound_mixer().
490 * The unit passed is the return value from the register function.
493 void unregister_sound_mixer(int unit)
495 sound_remove_unit(&chains[0], unit);
498 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_sound_mixer);
501 * unregister_sound_dsp - unregister a DSP device
502 * @unit: unit number to allocate
504 * Release a sound device that was allocated with register_sound_dsp().
505 * The unit passed is the return value from the register function.
507 * Both of the allocated units are released together automatically.
510 void unregister_sound_dsp(int unit)
512 sound_remove_unit(&chains[3], unit);
516 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_sound_dsp);
518 static struct sound_unit *__look_for_unit(int chain, int unit)
520 struct sound_unit *s;
523 while(s && s->unit_minor <= unit)
525 if(s->unit_minor==unit)
532 static int soundcore_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
535 int unit = iminor(inode);
536 struct sound_unit *s;
537 const struct file_operations *new_fops = NULL;
540 if(chain==4 || chain==5) /* dsp/audio/dsp16 */
547 spin_lock(&sound_loader_lock);
548 s = __look_for_unit(chain, unit);
550 new_fops = fops_get(s->unit_fops);
551 if (preclaim_oss && !new_fops) {
552 spin_unlock(&sound_loader_lock);
555 * Please, don't change this order or code.
556 * For ALSA slot means soundcard and OSS emulation code
557 * comes as add-on modules which aren't depend on
558 * ALSA toplevel modules for soundcards, thus we need
559 * load them at first. [Jaroslav Kysela <perex@jcu.cz>]
561 request_module("sound-slot-%i", unit>>4);
562 request_module("sound-service-%i-%i", unit>>4, chain);
565 * sound-slot/service-* module aliases are scheduled
566 * for removal in favor of the standard char-major-*
567 * module aliases. For the time being, generate both
568 * the legacy and standard module aliases to ease
571 if (request_module("char-major-%d-%d", SOUND_MAJOR, unit) > 0)
572 request_module("char-major-%d", SOUND_MAJOR);
574 spin_lock(&sound_loader_lock);
575 s = __look_for_unit(chain, unit);
577 new_fops = fops_get(s->unit_fops);
579 spin_unlock(&sound_loader_lock);
585 * We rely upon the fact that we can't be unloaded while the
586 * subdriver is there.
588 replace_fops(file, new_fops);
590 if (!file->f_op->open)
593 return file->f_op->open(inode, file);
596 MODULE_ALIAS_CHARDEV_MAJOR(SOUND_MAJOR);
598 static void cleanup_oss_soundcore(void)
600 /* We have nothing to really do here - we know the lists must be
602 unregister_chrdev(SOUND_MAJOR, "sound");
605 static int __init init_oss_soundcore(void)
608 register_chrdev(SOUND_MAJOR, "sound", &soundcore_fops) < 0) {
609 printk(KERN_ERR "soundcore: sound device already in use.\n");
616 #endif /* CONFIG_SOUND_OSS_CORE */