scripts/checkpatch.pl

   1 #!/usr/bin/env perl
   2 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   3 #
   4 # (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
   5 # (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
   6 # (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
   7 # (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
   8 # (c) 2010-2018 Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
   9
  10 use strict;
  11 use warnings;
  12 use POSIX;
  13 use File::Basename;
  14 use Cwd 'abs_path';
  15 use Term::ANSIColor qw(:constants);
  16 use Encode qw(decode encode);
  17
  18 my $P = $0;
  19 my $D = dirname(abs_path($P));
  20
  21 my $V = '0.32';
  22
  23 use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
  24
  25 my $quiet = 0;
  26 my $tree = 1;
  27 my $chk_signoff = 1;
  28 my $chk_patch = 1;
  29 my $tst_only;
  30 my $emacs = 0;
  31 my $terse = 0;
  32 my $showfile = 0;
  33 my $file = 0;
  34 my $git = 0;
  35 my %git_commits = ();
  36 my $check = 0;
  37 my $check_orig = 0;
  38 my $summary = 1;
  39 my $mailback = 0;
  40 my $summary_file = 0;
  41 my $show_types = 0;
  42 my $list_types = 0;
  43 my $fix = 0;
  44 my $fix_inplace = 0;
  45 my $root;
  46 my %debug;
  47 my %camelcase = ();
  48 my %use_type = ();
  49 my @use = ();
  50 my %ignore_type = ();
  51 my @ignore = ();
  52 my $help = 0;
  53 my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
  54 my $max_line_length = 80;
  55 my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
  56 my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
  57 my $min_conf_desc_length = 4;
  58 my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
  59 my $codespell = 0;
  60 my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
  61 my $conststructsfile = "$D/const_structs.checkpatch";
  62 my $typedefsfile = "";
  63 my $color = "auto";
  64 my $allow_c99_comments = 1; # Can be overridden by --ignore C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE
  65 # git output parsing needs US English output, so first set backtick child process LANGUAGE
  66 my $git_command ='export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8; git';
  67
  68 sub help {
  69         my ($exitcode) = @_;
  70
  71         print << "EOM";
  72 Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  73 Version: $V
  74
  75 Options:
  76   -q, --quiet                quiet
  77   --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
  78   --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
  79   --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
  80   --emacs                    emacs compile window format
  81   --terse                    one line per report
  82   --showfile                 emit diffed file position, not input file position
  83   -g, --git                  treat FILE as a single commit or git revision range
  84                              single git commit with:
  85                                <rev>
  86                                <rev>^
  87                                <rev>~n
  88                              multiple git commits with:
  89                                <rev1>..<rev2>
  90                                <rev1>...<rev2>
  91                                <rev>-<count>
  92                              git merges are ignored
  93   -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
  94   --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
  95   --list-types               list the possible message types
  96   --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
  97   --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
  98   --show-types               show the specific message type in the output
  99   --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, if exceeded, warn
 100   --min-conf-desc-length=n   set the min description length, if shorter, warn
 101   --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
 102   --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
 103   --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
 104   --summary-file             include the filename in summary
 105   --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
 106                              'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
 107                              is all off)
 108   --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
 109                              literally
 110   --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 111                              If correctable single-line errors exist, create
 112                              "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
 113                              with potential errors corrected to the preferred
 114                              checkpatch style
 115   --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 116                              Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
 117                              file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
 118   --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
 119                              runtime errors.
 120   --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
 121                              (default:/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt)
 122   --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
 123   --typedefsfile             Read additional types from this file
 124   --color[=WHEN]             Use colors 'always', 'never', or only when output
 125                              is a terminal ('auto'). Default is 'auto'.
 126   -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
 127
 128 When FILE is - read standard input.
 129 EOM
 130
 131         exit($exitcode);
 132 }
 133
 134 sub uniq {
 135         my %seen;
 136         return grep { !$seen{$_}++ } @_;
 137 }
 138
 139 sub list_types {
 140         my ($exitcode) = @_;
 141
 142         my $count = 0;
 143
 144         local $/ = undef;
 145
 146         open(my $script, '<', abs_path($P)) or
 147             die "$P: Can't read '$P' $!\n";
 148
 149         my $text = <$script>;
 150         close($script);
 151
 152         my @types = ();
 153         # Also catch when type or level is passed through a variable
 154         for ($text =~ /(?:(?:\bCHK|\bWARN|\bERROR|&\{\$msg_level})\s*\(|\$msg_type\s*=)\s*"([^"]+)"/g) {
 155                 push (@types, $_);
 156         }
 157         @types = sort(uniq(@types));
 158         print("#\tMessage type\n\n");
 159         foreach my $type (@types) {
 160                 print(++$count . "\t" . $type . "\n");
 161         }
 162
 163         exit($exitcode);
 164 }
 165
 166 my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
 167 if (-f $conf) {
 168         my @conf_args;
 169         open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
 170             or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
 171
 172         while (<$conffile>) {
 173                 my $line = $_;
 174
 175                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 176                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 177                 $line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 178
 179                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 180                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 181
 182                 my @words = split(" ", $line);
 183                 foreach my $word (@words) {
 184                         last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
 185                         push (@conf_args, $word);
 186                 }
 187         }
 188         close($conffile);
 189         unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
 190 }
 191
 192 # Perl's Getopt::Long allows options to take optional arguments after a space.
 193 # Prevent --color by itself from consuming other arguments
 194 foreach (@ARGV) {
 195         if ($_ eq "--color" || $_ eq "-color") {
 196                 $_ = "--color=$color";
 197         }
 198 }
 199
 200 GetOptions(
 201         'q|quiet+'      => \$quiet,
 202         'tree!'         => \$tree,
 203         'signoff!'      => \$chk_signoff,
 204         'patch!'        => \$chk_patch,
 205         'emacs!'        => \$emacs,
 206         'terse!'        => \$terse,
 207         'showfile!'     => \$showfile,
 208         'f|file!'       => \$file,
 209         'g|git!'        => \$git,
 210         'subjective!'   => \$check,
 211         'strict!'       => \$check,
 212         'ignore=s'      => \@ignore,
 213         'types=s'       => \@use,
 214         'show-types!'   => \$show_types,
 215         'list-types!'   => \$list_types,
 216         'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
 217         'min-conf-desc-length=i' => \$min_conf_desc_length,
 218         'root=s'        => \$root,
 219         'summary!'      => \$summary,
 220         'mailback!'     => \$mailback,
 221         'summary-file!' => \$summary_file,
 222         'fix!'          => \$fix,
 223         'fix-inplace!'  => \$fix_inplace,
 224         'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
 225         'debug=s'       => \%debug,
 226         'test-only=s'   => \$tst_only,
 227         'codespell!'    => \$codespell,
 228         'codespellfile=s'       => \$codespellfile,
 229         'typedefsfile=s'        => \$typedefsfile,
 230         'color=s'       => \$color,
 231         'no-color'      => \$color,     #keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 232         'nocolor'       => \$color,     #keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 233         'h|help'        => \$help,
 234         'version'       => \$help
 235 ) or help(1);
 236
 237 help(0) if ($help);
 238
 239 list_types(0) if ($list_types);
 240
 241 $fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
 242 $check_orig = $check;
 243
 244 my $exit = 0;
 245
 246 my $perl_version_ok = 1;
 247 if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
 248         $perl_version_ok = 0;
 249         printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
 250         exit(1) if (!$ignore_perl_version);
 251 }
 252
 253 #if no filenames are given, push '-' to read patch from stdin
 254 if ($#ARGV < 0) {
 255         push(@ARGV, '-');
 256 }
 257
 258 if ($color =~ /^[01]$/) {
 259         $color = !$color;
 260 } elsif ($color =~ /^always$/i) {
 261         $color = 1;
 262 } elsif ($color =~ /^never$/i) {
 263         $color = 0;
 264 } elsif ($color =~ /^auto$/i) {
 265         $color = (-t STDOUT);
 266 } else {
 267         die "Invalid color mode: $color\n";
 268 }
 269
 270 sub hash_save_array_words {
 271         my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
 272
 273         my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
 274         foreach my $word (@array) {
 275                 $word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 276                 $word =~ s/^\s*//g;
 277                 $word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 278                 $word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
 279
 280                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
 281                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
 282
 283                 $hashRef->{$word}++;
 284         }
 285 }
 286
 287 sub hash_show_words {
 288         my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
 289
 290         if (keys %$hashRef) {
 291                 print "\nNOTE: $prefix message types:";
 292                 foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
 293                         print " $word";
 294                 }
 295                 print "\n";
 296         }
 297 }
 298
 299 hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
 300 hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
 301
 302 my $dbg_values = 0;
 303 my $dbg_possible = 0;
 304 my $dbg_type = 0;
 305 my $dbg_attr = 0;
 306 for my $key (keys %debug) {
 307         ## no critic
 308         eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
 309         die "$@" if ($@);
 310 }
 311
 312 my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
 313
 314 if ($terse) {
 315         $emacs = 1;
 316         $quiet++;
 317 }
 318
 319 if ($tree) {
 320         if (defined $root) {
 321                 if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
 322                         die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
 323                 }
 324         } else {
 325                 if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
 326                         $root = '.';
 327                 } elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
 328                                                 top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
 329                         $root = $1;
 330                 }
 331         }
 332
 333         if (!defined $root) {
 334                 print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
 335                 exit(2);
 336         }
 337 }
 338
 339 my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
 340
 341 our $Ident      = qr{
 342                         [A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
 343                         (?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
 344                 }x;
 345 our $Storage    = qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
 346 our $Sparse     = qr{
 347                         __user|
 348                         __kernel|
 349                         __force|
 350                         __iomem|
 351                         __must_check|
 352                         __kprobes|
 353                         __ref|
 354                         __refconst|
 355                         __refdata|
 356                         __rcu|
 357                         __private
 358                 }x;
 359 our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
 360 our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
 361 our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
 362 our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
 363 our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
 364
 365 # Notes to $Attribute:
 366 # We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
 367 our $Attribute  = qr{
 368                         const|
 369                         __percpu|
 370                         __nocast|
 371                         __safe|
 372                         __bitwise|
 373                         __packed__|
 374                         __packed2__|
 375                         __naked|
 376                         __maybe_unused|
 377                         __always_unused|
 378                         __noreturn|
 379                         __used|
 380                         __cold|
 381                         __pure|
 382                         __noclone|
 383                         __deprecated|
 384                         __read_mostly|
 385                         __ro_after_init|
 386                         __kprobes|
 387                         $InitAttribute|
 388                         ____cacheline_aligned|
 389                         ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
 390                         ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
 391                         __weak
 392                   }x;
 393 our $Modifier;
 394 our $Inline     = qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
 395 our $Member     = qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
 396 our $Lval       = qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
 397
 398 our $Int_type   = qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
 399 our $Binary     = qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
 400 our $Hex        = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
 401 our $Int        = qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
 402 our $Octal      = qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
 403 our $String     = qr{"[X\t]*"};
 404 our $Float_hex  = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 405 our $Float_dec  = qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
 406 our $Float_int  = qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 407 our $Float      = qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
 408 our $Constant   = qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
 409 our $Assignment = qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
 410 our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
 411 our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
 412 our $Operators  = qr{
 413                         <=|>=|==|!=|
 414                         =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
 415                         &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
 416                   }x;
 417
 418 our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
 419
 420 our $BasicType;
 421 our $NonptrType;
 422 our $NonptrTypeMisordered;
 423 our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
 424 our $Type;
 425 our $TypeMisordered;
 426 our $Declare;
 427 our $DeclareMisordered;
 428
 429 our $NON_ASCII_UTF8     = qr{
 430         [\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
 431         |  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
 432         | [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
 433         |  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
 434         |  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
 435         | [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
 436         |  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
 437 }x;
 438
 439 our $UTF8       = qr{
 440         [\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
 441         | $NON_ASCII_UTF8
 442 }x;
 443
 444 our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(?:8|16|32|64)_t};
 445 our $typeOtherOSTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 446         u_(?:char|short|int|long) |          # bsd
 447         u(?:nchar|short|int|long)            # sysv
 448 )};
 449 our $typeKernelTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 450         (?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
 451         atomic_t
 452 )};
 453 our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 454         $typeC99Typedefs\b|
 455         $typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
 456         $typeKernelTypedefs\b
 457 )};
 458
 459 our $zero_initializer = qr{(?:(?:0[xX])?0+$Int_type?|NULL|false)\b};
 460
 461 our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
 462         printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|_deferred_once|_deferred|)|
 463         (?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
 464         TP_printk|
 465         WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
 466         panic|
 467         debug|
 468         printf|
 469         MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
 470         seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
 471 )};
 472
 473 our $allocFunctions = qr{(?x:
 474         (?:(?:devm_)?
 475                 (?:kv|k|v)[czm]alloc(?:_node|_array)? |
 476                 kstrdup(?:_const)? |
 477                 kmemdup(?:_nul)?) |
 478         (?:\w+)?alloc_skb(?:ip_align)? |
 479                                 # dev_alloc_skb/netdev_alloc_skb, et al
 480         dma_alloc_coherent
 481 )};
 482
 483 our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
 484         Signed-off-by:|
 485         Co-developed-by:|
 486         Acked-by:|
 487         Tested-by:|
 488         Reviewed-by:|
 489         Reported-by:|
 490         Suggested-by:|
 491         To:|
 492         Cc:
 493 )};
 494
 495 our @typeListMisordered = (
 496         qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
 497         qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
 498         qr{int\s+short(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 499         qr{short\s+int(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 500         qr{(?:un)?signed\s+int\s+short},
 501         qr{short\s+(?:un)?signed},
 502         qr{long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 503         qr{int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 504         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 505         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed\s+long},
 506         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 507         qr{int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 508         qr{long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 509         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 510         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 511         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 512 );
 513
 514 our @typeList = (
 515         qr{void},
 516         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?char},
 517         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s+int},
 518         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short},
 519         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int},
 520         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int},
 521         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
 522         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long},
 523         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long},
 524         qr{(?:un)?signed},
 525         qr{float},
 526         qr{double},
 527         qr{bool},
 528         qr{struct\s+$Ident},
 529         qr{union\s+$Ident},
 530         qr{enum\s+$Ident},
 531         qr{${Ident}_t},
 532         qr{${Ident}_handler},
 533         qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
 534         @typeListMisordered,
 535 );
 536
 537 our $C90_int_types = qr{(?x:
 538         long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 539         long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 540         long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 541         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int|
 542         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 543         int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 544         int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 545
 546         long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 547         long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 548         long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 549         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int|
 550         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 551         int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 552         int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 553
 554         int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 555         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int
 556 )};
 557
 558 our @typeListFile = ();
 559 our @typeListWithAttr = (
 560         @typeList,
 561         qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 562         qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 563 );
 564
 565 our @modifierList = (
 566         qr{fastcall},
 567 );
 568 our @modifierListFile = ();
 569
 570 our @mode_permission_funcs = (
 571         ["module_param", 3],
 572         ["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
 573         ["module_param_array_named", 5],
 574         ["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
 575         ["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
 576         ["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR|SENSOR_DEVICE|IIO_DEVICE)_ATTR", 2],
 577         ["IIO_DEV_ATTR_[A-Z_]+", 1],
 578         ["SENSOR_(?:DEVICE_|)ATTR_2", 2],
 579         ["SENSOR_TEMPLATE(?:_2|)", 3],
 580         ["__ATTR", 2],
 581 );
 582
 583 #Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
 584 our $mode_perms_search = "";
 585 foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
 586         $mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
 587         $mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
 588 }
 589 $mode_perms_search = "(?:${mode_perms_search})";
 590
 591 our %deprecated_apis = (
 592         "synchronize_rcu_bh"                    => "synchronize_rcu",
 593         "synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited"          => "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 594         "call_rcu_bh"                           => "call_rcu",
 595         "rcu_barrier_bh"                        => "rcu_barrier",
 596         "synchronize_sched"                     => "synchronize_rcu",
 597         "synchronize_sched_expedited"           => "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 598         "call_rcu_sched"                        => "call_rcu",
 599         "rcu_barrier_sched"                     => "rcu_barrier",
 600         "get_state_synchronize_sched"           => "get_state_synchronize_rcu",
 601         "cond_synchronize_sched"                => "cond_synchronize_rcu",
 602 );
 603
 604 #Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 605 our $deprecated_apis_search = "";
 606 foreach my $entry (keys %deprecated_apis) {
 607         $deprecated_apis_search .= '|' if ($deprecated_apis_search ne "");
 608         $deprecated_apis_search .= $entry;
 609 }
 610 $deprecated_apis_search = "(?:${deprecated_apis_search})";
 611
 612 our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{
 613         S_IWUGO         |
 614         S_IWOTH         |
 615         S_IRWXUGO       |
 616         S_IALLUGO       |
 617         0[0-7][0-7][2367]
 618 }x;
 619
 620 our %mode_permission_string_types = (
 621         "S_IRWXU" => 0700,
 622         "S_IRUSR" => 0400,
 623         "S_IWUSR" => 0200,
 624         "S_IXUSR" => 0100,
 625         "S_IRWXG" => 0070,
 626         "S_IRGRP" => 0040,
 627         "S_IWGRP" => 0020,
 628         "S_IXGRP" => 0010,
 629         "S_IRWXO" => 0007,
 630         "S_IROTH" => 0004,
 631         "S_IWOTH" => 0002,
 632         "S_IXOTH" => 0001,
 633         "S_IRWXUGO" => 0777,
 634         "S_IRUGO" => 0444,
 635         "S_IWUGO" => 0222,
 636         "S_IXUGO" => 0111,
 637 );
 638
 639 #Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 640 our $mode_perms_string_search = "";
 641 foreach my $entry (keys %mode_permission_string_types) {
 642         $mode_perms_string_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_string_search ne "");
 643         $mode_perms_string_search .= $entry;
 644 }
 645 our $single_mode_perms_string_search = "(?:${mode_perms_string_search})";
 646 our $multi_mode_perms_string_search = qr{
 647         ${single_mode_perms_string_search}
 648         (?:\s*\|\s*${single_mode_perms_string_search})*
 649 }x;
 650
 651 sub perms_to_octal {
 652         my ($string) = @_;
 653
 654         return trim($string) if ($string =~ /^\s*0[0-7]{3,3}\s*$/);
 655
 656         my $val = "";
 657         my $oval = "";
 658         my $to = 0;
 659         my $curpos = 0;
 660         my $lastpos = 0;
 661         while ($string =~ /\b(($single_mode_perms_string_search)\b(?:\s*\|\s*)?\s*)/g) {
 662                 $curpos = pos($string);
 663                 my $match = $2;
 664                 my $omatch = $1;
 665                 last if ($lastpos > 0 && ($curpos - length($omatch) != $lastpos));
 666                 $lastpos = $curpos;
 667                 $to |= $mode_permission_string_types{$match};
 668                 $val .= '\s*\|\s*' if ($val ne "");
 669                 $val .= $match;
 670                 $oval .= $omatch;
 671         }
 672         $oval =~ s/^\s*\|\s*//;
 673         $oval =~ s/\s*\|\s*$//;
 674         return sprintf("%04o", $to);
 675 }
 676
 677 our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
 678         irq|
 679         memory|
 680         time|
 681         reboot
 682 )};
 683 # memory.h: ARM has a custom one
 684
 685 # Load common spelling mistakes and build regular expression list.
 686 my $misspellings;
 687 my %spelling_fix;
 688
 689 if (open(my $spelling, '<', $spelling_file)) {
 690         while (<$spelling>) {
 691                 my $line = $_;
 692
 693                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 694                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 695
 696                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 697                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 698
 699                 my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/\|\|/, $line);
 700
 701                 $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 702         }
 703         close($spelling);
 704 } else {
 705         warn "No typos will be found - file '$spelling_file': $!\n";
 706 }
 707
 708 if ($codespell) {
 709         if (open(my $spelling, '<', $codespellfile)) {
 710                 while (<$spelling>) {
 711                         my $line = $_;
 712
 713                         $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 714                         $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 715
 716                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 717                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 718                         next if ($line =~ m/, disabled/i);
 719
 720                         $line =~ s/,.*$//;
 721
 722                         my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/->/, $line);
 723
 724                         $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 725                 }
 726                 close($spelling);
 727         } else {
 728                 warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n";
 729         }
 730 }
 731
 732 $misspellings = join("|", sort keys %spelling_fix) if keys %spelling_fix;
 733
 734 sub read_words {
 735         my ($wordsRef, $file) = @_;
 736
 737         if (open(my $words, '<', $file)) {
 738                 while (<$words>) {
 739                         my $line = $_;
 740
 741                         $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 742                         $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 743
 744                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 745                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 746                         if ($line =~ /\s/) {
 747                                 print("$file: '$line' invalid - ignored\n");
 748                                 next;
 749                         }
 750
 751                         $$wordsRef .= '|' if ($$wordsRef ne "");
 752                         $$wordsRef .= $line;
 753                 }
 754                 close($file);
 755                 return 1;
 756         }
 757
 758         return 0;
 759 }
 760
 761 my $const_structs = "";
 762 read_words(\$const_structs, $conststructsfile)
 763     or warn "No structs that should be const will be found - file '$conststructsfile': $!\n";
 764
 765 my $typeOtherTypedefs = "";
 766 if (length($typedefsfile)) {
 767         read_words(\$typeOtherTypedefs, $typedefsfile)
 768             or warn "No additional types will be considered - file '$typedefsfile': $!\n";
 769 }
 770 $typeTypedefs .= '|' . $typeOtherTypedefs if ($typeOtherTypedefs ne "");
 771
 772 sub build_types {
 773         my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@modifierList, @modifierListFile)) . "\n)";
 774         my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@typeList, @typeListFile)) . "\n)";
 775         my $Misordered = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListMisordered) . "\n)";
 776         my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
 777         $Modifier       = qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
 778         $BasicType      = qr{
 779                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 780                                 (?:${all}\b)
 781                 }x;
 782         $NonptrType     = qr{
 783                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 784                         (?:
 785                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
 786                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 787                                 (?:${all}\b)
 788                         )
 789                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 790                   }x;
 791         $NonptrTypeMisordered   = qr{
 792                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 793                         (?:
 794                                 (?:${Misordered}\b)
 795                         )
 796                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 797                   }x;
 798         $NonptrTypeWithAttr     = qr{
 799                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 800                         (?:
 801                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
 802                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 803                                 (?:${allWithAttr}\b)
 804                         )
 805                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 806                   }x;
 807         $Type   = qr{
 808                         $NonptrType
 809                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+)?
 810                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
 811                   }x;
 812         $TypeMisordered = qr{
 813                         $NonptrTypeMisordered
 814                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+)?
 815                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
 816                   }x;
 817         $Declare        = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
 818         $DeclareMisordered      = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$TypeMisordered};
 819 }
 820 build_types();
 821
 822 our $Typecast   = qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
 823
 824 # Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
 825 # requires at least perl version v5.10.0
 826 # Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
 827
 828 our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
 829 our $LvalOrFunc = qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
 830 our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant|$String)};
 831
 832 our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
 833         (?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
 834         (?:$Storage\s+)?[HLP]?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
 835         (?:$Storage\s+)?${Type}\s+uninitialized_var\s*\(|
 836         (?:SKCIPHER_REQUEST|SHASH_DESC|AHASH_REQUEST)_ON_STACK\s*\(
 837 )};
 838
 839 sub deparenthesize {
 840         my ($string) = @_;
 841         return "" if (!defined($string));
 842
 843         while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
 844                 $string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
 845                 $string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
 846         }
 847
 848         $string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
 849
 850         return $string;
 851 }
 852
 853 sub seed_camelcase_file {
 854         my ($file) = @_;
 855
 856         return if (!(-f $file));
 857
 858         local $/;
 859
 860         open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
 861             or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
 862         my $text = <$include_file>;
 863         close($include_file);
 864
 865         my @lines = split('\n', $text);
 866
 867         foreach my $line (@lines) {
 868                 next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
 869                 if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
 870                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
 871                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
 872                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
 873                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
 874                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
 875                 }
 876         }
 877 }
 878
 879 sub is_maintained_obsolete {
 880         my ($filename) = @_;
 881
 882         return 0 if (!$tree || !(-e "$root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl"));
 883
 884         my $status = `perl $root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl --status --nom --nol --nogit --nogit-fallback -f $filename 2>&1`;
 885
 886         return $status =~ /obsolete/i;
 887 }
 888
 889 sub is_SPDX_License_valid {
 890         my ($license) = @_;
 891
 892         return 1 if (!$tree || which("python") eq "" || !(-e "$root/scripts/spdxcheck.py") || !(-e "$root/.git"));
 893
 894         my $root_path = abs_path($root);
 895         my $status = `cd "$root_path"; echo "$license" | python scripts/spdxcheck.py -`;
 896         return 0 if ($status ne "");
 897         return 1;
 898 }
 899
 900 my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
 901 sub seed_camelcase_includes {
 902         return if ($camelcase_seeded);
 903
 904         my $files;
 905         my $camelcase_cache = "";
 906         my @include_files = ();
 907
 908         $camelcase_seeded = 1;
 909
 910         if (-e ".git") {
 911                 my $git_last_include_commit = `${git_command} log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
 912                 chomp $git_last_include_commit;
 913                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
 914         } else {
 915                 my $last_mod_date = 0;
 916                 $files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
 917                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
 918                 foreach my $file (@include_files) {
 919                         my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
 920                                                    localtime((stat $file)[9]));
 921                         $last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
 922                 }
 923                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
 924         }
 925
 926         if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
 927                 open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
 928                     or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
 929                 while (<$camelcase_file>) {
 930                         chomp;
 931                         $camelcase{$_} = 1;
 932                 }
 933                 close($camelcase_file);
 934
 935                 return;
 936         }
 937
 938         if (-e ".git") {
 939                 $files = `${git_command} ls-files "include/*.h"`;
 940                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
 941         }
 942
 943         foreach my $file (@include_files) {
 944                 seed_camelcase_file($file);
 945         }
 946
 947         if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
 948                 unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
 949                 open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
 950                     or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
 951                 foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
 952                         print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
 953                 }
 954                 close($camelcase_file);
 955         }
 956 }
 957
 958 sub git_commit_info {
 959         my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
 960
 961         return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e ".git"));
 962
 963         my $output = `${git_command} log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
 964         $output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
 965         my @lines = split("\n", $output);
 966
 967         return ($id, $desc) if ($#lines < 0);
 968
 969         if ($lines[0] =~ /^error: short SHA1 $commit is ambiguous/) {
 970 # Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns
 971 # all matching commit ids, but it's very slow...
 972 #
 973 #               echo "checking commits $1..."
 974 #               git rev-list --remotes | grep -i "^$1" |
 975 #               while read line ; do
 976 #                   git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
 977 #                   echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
 978 #               done
 979         } elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./) {
 980                 $id = undef;
 981         } else {
 982                 $id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
 983                 $desc = substr($lines[0], 41);
 984         }
 985
 986         return ($id, $desc);
 987 }
 988
 989 $chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
 990
 991 my @rawlines = ();
 992 my @lines = ();
 993 my @fixed = ();
 994 my @fixed_inserted = ();
 995 my @fixed_deleted = ();
 996 my $fixlinenr = -1;
 997
 998 # If input is git commits, extract all commits from the commit expressions.
 999 # For example, HEAD-3 means we need check 'HEAD, HEAD~1, HEAD~2'.
1000 die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e ".git");
1001
1002 if ($git) {
1003         my @commits = ();
1004         foreach my $commit_expr (@ARGV) {
1005                 my $git_range;
1006                 if ($commit_expr =~ m/^(.*)-(\d+)$/) {
1007                         $git_range = "-$2 $1";
1008                 } elsif ($commit_expr =~ m/\.\./) {
1009                         $git_range = "$commit_expr";
1010                 } else {
1011                         $git_range = "-1 $commit_expr";
1012                 }
1013                 my $lines = `${git_command} log --no-color --no-merges --pretty=format:'%H %s' $git_range`;
1014                 foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $lines)) {
1015                         $line =~ /^([0-9a-fA-F]{40,40}) (.*)$/;
1016                         next if (!defined($1) || !defined($2));
1017                         my $sha1 = $1;
1018                         my $subject = $2;
1019                         unshift(@commits, $sha1);
1020                         $git_commits{$sha1} = $subject;
1021                 }
1022         }
1023         die "$P: no git commits after extraction!\n" if (@commits == 0);
1024         @ARGV = @commits;
1025 }
1026
1027 my $vname;
1028 $allow_c99_comments = !defined $ignore_type{"C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE"};
1029 for my $filename (@ARGV) {
1030         my $FILE;
1031         if ($git) {
1032                 open($FILE, '-|', "git format-patch -M --stdout -1 $filename") ||
1033                         die "$P: $filename: git format-patch failed - $!\n";
1034         } elsif ($file) {
1035                 open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
1036                         die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
1037         } elsif ($filename eq '-') {
1038                 open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
1039         } else {
1040                 open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
1041                         die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
1042         }
1043         if ($filename eq '-') {
1044                 $vname = 'Your patch';
1045         } elsif ($git) {
1046                 $vname = "Commit " . substr($filename, 0, 12) . ' ("' . $git_commits{$filename} . '")';
1047         } else {
1048                 $vname = $filename;
1049         }
1050         while (<$FILE>) {
1051                 chomp;
1052                 push(@rawlines, $_);
1053         }
1054         close($FILE);
1055
1056         if ($#ARGV > 0 && $quiet == 0) {
1057                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1058                 print "$vname\n";
1059                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1060         }
1061
1062         if (!process($filename)) {
1063                 $exit = 1;
1064         }
1065         @rawlines = ();
1066         @lines = ();
1067         @fixed = ();
1068         @fixed_inserted = ();
1069         @fixed_deleted = ();
1070         $fixlinenr = -1;
1071         @modifierListFile = ();
1072         @typeListFile = ();
1073         build_types();
1074 }
1075
1076 if (!$quiet) {
1077         hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
1078         hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
1079
1080         if (!$perl_version_ok) {
1081                 print << "EOM"
1082
1083 NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.
1084       An upgrade to at least perl $minimum_perl_version is suggested.
1085 EOM
1086         }
1087         if ($exit) {
1088                 print << "EOM"
1089
1090 NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
1091       them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
1092 EOM
1093         }
1094 }
1095
1096 exit($exit);
1097
1098 sub top_of_kernel_tree {
1099         my ($root) = @_;
1100
1101         my @tree_check = (
1102                 "COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
1103                 "README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
1104                 "fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
1105         );
1106
1107         foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
1108                 if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
1109                         return 0;
1110                 }
1111         }
1112         return 1;
1113 }
1114
1115 sub parse_email {
1116         my ($formatted_email) = @_;
1117
1118         my $name = "";
1119         my $address = "";
1120         my $comment = "";
1121
1122         if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1123                 $name = $1;
1124                 $address = $2;
1125                 $comment = $3 if defined $3;
1126         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1127                 $address = $1;
1128                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
1129         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
1130                 $address = $1;
1131                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
1132                 $formatted_email =~ s/\Q$address\E.*$//;
1133                 $name = $formatted_email;
1134                 $name = trim($name);
1135                 $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1136                 # If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
1137                 # leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
1138                 # leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
1139                 # is invalid. ie:
1140                 #   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
1141                 #   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
1142                 if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
1143                         $name = "";
1144                         $address = "";
1145                         $comment = "";
1146                 }
1147         }
1148
1149         $name = trim($name);
1150         $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1151         $address = trim($address);
1152         $address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
1153
1154         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1155                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1156                 $name = "\"$name\"";
1157         }
1158
1159         return ($name, $address, $comment);
1160 }
1161
1162 sub format_email {
1163         my ($name, $address) = @_;
1164
1165         my $formatted_email;
1166
1167         $name = trim($name);
1168         $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1169         $address = trim($address);
1170
1171         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1172                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1173                 $name = "\"$name\"";
1174         }
1175
1176         if ("$name" eq "") {
1177                 $formatted_email = "$address";
1178         } else {
1179                 $formatted_email = "$name <$address>";
1180         }
1181
1182         return $formatted_email;
1183 }
1184
1185 sub which {
1186         my ($bin) = @_;
1187
1188         foreach my $path (split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
1189                 if (-e "$path/$bin") {
1190                         return "$path/$bin";
1191                 }
1192         }
1193
1194         return "";
1195 }
1196
1197 sub which_conf {
1198         my ($conf) = @_;
1199
1200         foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
1201                 if (-e "$path/$conf") {
1202                         return "$path/$conf";
1203                 }
1204         }
1205
1206         return "";
1207 }
1208
1209 sub expand_tabs {
1210         my ($str) = @_;
1211
1212         my $res = '';
1213         my $n = 0;
1214         for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
1215                 if ($c eq "\t") {
1216                         $res .= ' ';
1217                         $n++;
1218                         for (; ($n % 8) != 0; $n++) {
1219                                 $res .= ' ';
1220                         }
1221                         next;
1222                 }
1223                 $res .= $c;
1224                 $n++;
1225         }
1226
1227         return $res;
1228 }
1229 sub copy_spacing {
1230         (my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
1231         return $res;
1232 }
1233
1234 sub line_stats {
1235         my ($line) = @_;
1236
1237         # Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
1238         $line =~ s/^.//;
1239         $line = expand_tabs($line);
1240
1241         # Pick the indent from the front of the line.
1242         my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
1243
1244         return (length($line), length($white));
1245 }
1246
1247 my $sanitise_quote = '';
1248
1249 sub sanitise_line_reset {
1250         my ($in_comment) = @_;
1251
1252         if ($in_comment) {
1253                 $sanitise_quote = '*/';
1254         } else {
1255                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1256         }
1257 }
1258 sub sanitise_line {
1259         my ($line) = @_;
1260
1261         my $res = '';
1262         my $l = '';
1263
1264         my $qlen = 0;
1265         my $off = 0;
1266         my $c;
1267
1268         # Always copy over the diff marker.
1269         $res = substr($line, 0, 1);
1270
1271         for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
1272                 $c = substr($line, $off, 1);
1273
1274                 # Comments we are whacking completely including the begin
1275                 # and end, all to $;.
1276                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
1277                         $sanitise_quote = '*/';
1278
1279                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1280                         $off++;
1281                         next;
1282                 }
1283                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
1284                         $sanitise_quote = '';
1285                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1286                         $off++;
1287                         next;
1288                 }
1289                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
1290                         $sanitise_quote = '//';
1291
1292                         substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
1293                         $off++;
1294                         next;
1295                 }
1296
1297                 # A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
1298                 if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
1299                     $c eq "\\") {
1300                         substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
1301                         $off++;
1302                         next;
1303                 }
1304                 # Regular quotes.
1305                 if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
1306                         if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
1307                                 $sanitise_quote = $c;
1308
1309                                 substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1310                                 next;
1311                         } elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
1312                                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1313                         }
1314                 }
1315
1316                 #print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
1317                 if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
1318                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1319                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
1320                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1321                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
1322                         substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
1323                 } else {
1324                         substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1325                 }
1326         }
1327
1328         if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
1329                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1330         }
1331
1332         # The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
1333         if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
1334                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1335                 $res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
1336
1337         # The whole of a #error is a string.
1338         } elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
1339                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1340                 $res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
1341         }
1342
1343         if ($allow_c99_comments && $res =~ m@(//.*$)@) {
1344                 my $match = $1;
1345                 $res =~ s/\Q$match\E/"$;" x length($match)/e;
1346         }
1347
1348         return $res;
1349 }
1350
1351 sub get_quoted_string {
1352         my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
1353
1354         return "" if (!defined($line) || !defined($rawline));
1355         return "" if ($line !~ m/($String)/g);
1356         return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
1357 }
1358
1359 sub ctx_statement_block {
1360         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1361         my $line = $linenr - 1;
1362         my $blk = '';
1363         my $soff = $off;
1364         my $coff = $off - 1;
1365         my $coff_set = 0;
1366
1367         my $loff = 0;
1368
1369         my $type = '';
1370         my $level = 0;
1371         my @stack = ();
1372         my $p;
1373         my $c;
1374         my $len = 0;
1375
1376         my $remainder;
1377         while (1) {
1378                 @stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
1379
1380                 #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
1381                 # If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
1382                 # context.
1383                 if ($off >= $len) {
1384                         for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1385                                 last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
1386                                 next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1387                                 $remain--;
1388                                 $loff = $len;
1389                                 $blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
1390                                 $len = length($blk);
1391                                 $line++;
1392                                 last;
1393                         }
1394                         # Bail if there is no further context.
1395                         #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
1396                         if ($off >= $len) {
1397                                 last;
1398                         }
1399                         if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
1400                                 $level++;
1401                                 $type = '#';
1402                         }
1403                 }
1404                 $p = $c;
1405                 $c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
1406                 $remainder = substr($blk, $off);
1407
1408                 #warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
1409
1410                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1411                 if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1412                         push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
1413                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1414                         ($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
1415                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
1416                         ($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
1417                 }
1418
1419                 # Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
1420                 # outermost level.
1421                 if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
1422                         last;
1423                 }
1424
1425                 # An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
1426                 if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
1427                                 (!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
1428                                 $remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
1429                                 $remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
1430                         $coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
1431                         $coff_set = 1;
1432                         #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
1433                         #warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
1434                 }
1435
1436                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
1437                         $level++;
1438                         $type = '(';
1439                 }
1440                 if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
1441                         $level--;
1442                         $type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
1443
1444                         if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
1445                                 $coff = $off;
1446                                 $coff_set = 1;
1447                                 #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
1448                         }
1449                 }
1450                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
1451                         $level++;
1452                         $type = '{';
1453                 }
1454                 if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
1455                         $level--;
1456                         $type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
1457
1458                         if ($level == 0) {
1459                                 if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
1460                                         $off++;
1461                                 }
1462                                 last;
1463                         }
1464                 }
1465                 # Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
1466                 if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
1467                         $level--;
1468                         $type = '';
1469                         $off++;
1470                         last;
1471                 }
1472                 $off++;
1473         }
1474         # We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
1475         if ($off == $len) {
1476                 $loff = $len + 1;
1477                 $line++;
1478                 $remain--;
1479         }
1480
1481         my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
1482         my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
1483
1484         #warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
1485         #warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
1486
1487         #print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
1488
1489         return ($statement, $condition,
1490                         $line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
1491 }
1492
1493 sub statement_lines {
1494         my ($stmt) = @_;
1495
1496         # Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
1497         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1498         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1499         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1500
1501         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1502
1503         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1504 }
1505
1506 sub statement_rawlines {
1507         my ($stmt) = @_;
1508
1509         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1510
1511         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1512 }
1513
1514 sub statement_block_size {
1515         my ($stmt) = @_;
1516
1517         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1518         $stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
1519         $stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
1520         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1521         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1522
1523         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1524         my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
1525
1526         my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
1527         my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
1528
1529         if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
1530                 return $stmt_lines;
1531         } else {
1532                 return $stmt_statements;
1533         }
1534 }
1535
1536 sub ctx_statement_full {
1537         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1538         my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1539
1540         my (@chunks);
1541
1542         # Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1543         ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1544                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1545         #print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1546         push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1547         if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1548                 return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1549         }
1550
1551         # Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1552         # could continue the statement.
1553         for (;;) {
1554                 ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1555                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1556                 #print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1557                 last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1558                 #print "C: push\n";
1559                 push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1560         }
1561
1562         return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1563 }
1564
1565 sub ctx_block_get {
1566         my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1567         my $line;
1568         my $start = $linenr - 1;
1569         my $blk = '';
1570         my @o;
1571         my @c;
1572         my @res = ();
1573
1574         my $level = 0;
1575         my @stack = ($level);
1576         for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1577                 next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1578                 $remain--;
1579
1580                 $blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1581
1582                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1583                 if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1584                         push(@stack, $level);
1585                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1586                         $level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1587                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1588                         $level = pop(@stack);
1589                 }
1590
1591                 foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1592                         ##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1593                         if ($off > 0) {
1594                                 $off--;
1595                                 next;
1596                         }
1597
1598                         if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1599                                 $level--;
1600                                 last if ($level == 0);
1601                         } elsif ($c eq $open) {
1602                                 $level++;
1603                         }
1604                 }
1605
1606                 if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1607                         push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1608                 }
1609
1610                 last if ($level == 0);
1611         }
1612
1613         return ($level, @res);
1614 }
1615 sub ctx_block_outer {
1616         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1617
1618         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1619         return @r;
1620 }
1621 sub ctx_block {
1622         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1623
1624         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1625         return @r;
1626 }
1627 sub ctx_statement {
1628         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1629
1630         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1631         return @r;
1632 }
1633 sub ctx_block_level {
1634         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1635
1636         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1637 }
1638 sub ctx_statement_level {
1639         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1640
1641         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1642 }
1643
1644 sub ctx_locate_comment {
1645         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1646
1647         # Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1648         my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1649         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1650
1651         # Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1652         # comment.
1653         my $in_comment = 0;
1654         $current_comment = '';
1655         for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1656                 my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1657                 #warn "           $line\n";
1658                 if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1659                         $in_comment = 1;
1660                 }
1661                 if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1662                         $in_comment = 1;
1663                 }
1664                 if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1665                         $current_comment = '';
1666                 }
1667                 $current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1668                 if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1669                         $in_comment = 0;
1670                 }
1671         }
1672
1673         chomp($current_comment);
1674         return($current_comment);
1675 }
1676 sub ctx_has_comment {
1677         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1678         my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
1679
1680         ##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
1681         ##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
1682
1683         return ($cmt ne '');
1684 }
1685
1686 sub raw_line {
1687         my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
1688
1689         my $offset = $linenr - 1;
1690         $cnt++;
1691
1692         my $line;
1693         while ($cnt) {
1694                 $line = $rawlines[$offset++];
1695                 next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
1696                 $cnt--;
1697         }
1698
1699         return $line;
1700 }
1701
1702 sub get_stat_real {
1703         my ($linenr, $lc) = @_;
1704
1705         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
1706         for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
1707                 $stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
1708         }
1709
1710         return $stat_real;
1711 }
1712
1713 sub get_stat_here {
1714         my ($linenr, $cnt, $here) = @_;
1715
1716         my $herectx = $here . "\n";
1717         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
1718                 $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
1719         }
1720
1721         return $herectx;
1722 }
1723
1724 sub cat_vet {
1725         my ($vet) = @_;
1726         my ($res, $coded);
1727
1728         $res = '';
1729         while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
1730                 $res .= $1;
1731                 if ($2 ne '') {
1732                         $coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
1733                         $res .= $coded;
1734                 }
1735         }
1736         $res =~ s/$/\$/;
1737
1738         return $res;
1739 }
1740
1741 my $av_preprocessor = 0;
1742 my $av_pending;
1743 my @av_paren_type;
1744 my $av_pend_colon;
1745
1746 sub annotate_reset {
1747         $av_preprocessor = 0;
1748         $av_pending = '_';
1749         @av_paren_type = ('E');
1750         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
1751 }
1752
1753 sub annotate_values {
1754         my ($stream, $type) = @_;
1755
1756         my $res;
1757         my $var = '_' x length($stream);
1758         my $cur = $stream;
1759
1760         print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1761
1762         while (length($cur)) {
1763                 @av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
1764                 print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
1765                                 "> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1766                 if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
1767                         print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1768                         if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
1769                                 $type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1770                                 $av_preprocessor = 0;
1771                         }
1772
1773                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
1774                         print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1775                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1776                         $type = 'c';
1777
1778                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
1779                         print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1780                         $type = 'T';
1781
1782                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
1783                         print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1784                         $type = 'T';
1785
1786                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
1787                         print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1788                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1789                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1790                         if ($2 ne '') {
1791                                 $av_pending = 'N';
1792                         }
1793                         $type = 'E';
1794
1795                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
1796                         print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1797                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1798                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1799
1800                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
1801                         print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1802                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1803
1804                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1805                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1806                         $type = 'E';
1807
1808                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
1809                         print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1810                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1811
1812                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
1813
1814                         $type = 'E';
1815
1816                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
1817                         print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1818
1819                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1820
1821                         # Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
1822                         # one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
1823                         pop(@av_paren_type);
1824                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1825                         $type = 'E';
1826
1827                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
1828                         print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1829
1830                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
1831                         print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1832                         $av_pending = $type;
1833                         $type = 'N';
1834
1835                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
1836                         print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1837                         if (defined $2) {
1838                                 $av_pending = 'V';
1839                         }
1840                         $type = 'N';
1841
1842                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
1843                         print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1844                         $av_pending = 'E';
1845                         $type = 'N';
1846
1847                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
1848                         print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1849                         $av_pend_colon = 'C';
1850                         $type = 'N';
1851
1852                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
1853                         print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1854                         $type = 'N';
1855
1856                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
1857                         print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1858                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
1859                         $av_pending = '_';
1860                         $type = 'N';
1861
1862                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
1863                         my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1864                         if ($new_type ne '_') {
1865                                 $type = $new_type;
1866                                 print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
1867                                                         if ($dbg_values > 1);
1868                         } else {
1869                                 print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1870                         }
1871
1872                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
1873                         print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1874                         $type = 'V';
1875                         $av_pending = 'V';
1876
1877                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
1878                         if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
1879                                 $av_pend_colon = 'B';
1880                         } elsif ($type eq 'E') {
1881                                 $av_pend_colon = 'L';
1882                         }
1883                         print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1884                         $type = 'V';
1885
1886                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
1887                         print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1888                         $type = 'V';
1889
1890                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
1891                         print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1892                         $type = 'N';
1893
1894                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
1895                         print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1896                         $type = 'E';
1897                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
1898
1899                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
1900                         print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1901                         $type = 'C';
1902
1903                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
1904                         print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1905                         $type = 'N';
1906
1907                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
1908                         print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1909
1910                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
1911                         if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
1912                                 $type = 'E';
1913                         } else {
1914                                 $type = 'N';
1915                         }
1916                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
1917
1918                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
1919                         print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1920                         $type = 'N';
1921
1922                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
1923                         my $variant;
1924
1925                         print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1926                         if ($type eq 'V') {
1927                                 $variant = 'B';
1928                         } else {
1929                                 $variant = 'U';
1930                         }
1931
1932                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
1933                         $type = 'N';
1934
1935                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
1936                         print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1937                         if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
1938                                 $type = 'N';
1939                         }
1940
1941                 } elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
1942                         print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1943                 }
1944                 if (defined $1) {
1945                         $cur = substr($cur, length($1));
1946                         $res .= $type x length($1);
1947                 }
1948         }
1949
1950         return ($res, $var);
1951 }
1952
1953 sub possible {
1954         my ($possible, $line) = @_;
1955         my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
1956                 ^(?:
1957                         $Modifier|
1958                         $Storage|
1959                         $Type|
1960                         DEFINE_\S+
1961                 )$|
1962                 ^(?:
1963                         goto|
1964                         return|
1965                         case|
1966                         else|
1967                         asm|__asm__|
1968                         do|
1969                         \#|
1970                         \#\#|
1971                 )(?:\s|$)|
1972                 ^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
1973             )}x;
1974         warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
1975         if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
1976                 # Check for modifiers.
1977                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
1978                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
1979                 if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
1980
1981                 } elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
1982                         $possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
1983                         for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
1984                                 if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
1985                                         warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
1986                                         push(@modifierListFile, $modifier);
1987                                 }
1988                         }
1989
1990                 } else {
1991                         warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
1992                         push(@typeListFile, $possible);
1993                 }
1994                 build_types();
1995         } else {
1996                 warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
1997         }
1998 }
1999
2000 my $prefix = '';
2001
2002 sub show_type {
2003         my ($type) = @_;
2004
2005         $type =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
2006
2007         return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
2008
2009         return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
2010 }
2011
2012 sub report {
2013         my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
2014
2015         if (!show_type($type) ||
2016             (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
2017                 return 0;
2018         }
2019         my $output = '';
2020         if ($color) {
2021                 if ($level eq 'ERROR') {
2022                         $output .= RED;
2023                 } elsif ($level eq 'WARNING') {
2024                         $output .= YELLOW;
2025                 } else {
2026                         $output .= GREEN;
2027                 }
2028         }
2029         $output .= $prefix . $level . ':';
2030         if ($show_types) {
2031                 $output .= BLUE if ($color);
2032                 $output .= "$type:";
2033         }
2034         $output .= RESET if ($color);
2035         $output .= ' ' . $msg . "\n";
2036
2037         if ($showfile) {
2038                 my @lines = split("\n", $output, -1);
2039                 splice(@lines, 1, 1);
2040                 $output = join("\n", @lines);
2041         }
2042         $output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n" if ($terse);
2043
2044         push(our @report, $output);
2045
2046         return 1;
2047 }
2048
2049 sub report_dump {
2050         our @report;
2051 }
2052
2053 sub fixup_current_range {
2054         my ($lineRef, $offset, $length) = @_;
2055
2056         if ($$lineRef =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+),(\d+) \@\@/) {
2057                 my $o = $1;
2058                 my $l = $2;
2059                 my $no = $o + $offset;
2060                 my $nl = $l + $length;
2061                 $$lineRef =~ s/\+$o,$l \@\@/\+$no,$nl \@\@/;
2062         }
2063 }
2064
2065 sub fix_inserted_deleted_lines {
2066         my ($linesRef, $insertedRef, $deletedRef) = @_;
2067
2068         my $range_last_linenr = 0;
2069         my $delta_offset = 0;
2070
2071         my $old_linenr = 0;
2072         my $new_linenr = 0;
2073
2074         my $next_insert = 0;
2075         my $next_delete = 0;
2076
2077         my @lines = ();
2078
2079         my $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2080         my $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2081
2082         foreach my $old_line (@{$linesRef}) {
2083                 my $save_line = 1;
2084                 my $line = $old_line;   #don't modify the array
2085                 if ($line =~ /^(?:\+\+\+|\-\-\-)\s+\S+/) {      #new filename
2086                         $delta_offset = 0;
2087                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) {    #new hunk
2088                         $range_last_linenr = $new_linenr;
2089                         fixup_current_range(\$line, $delta_offset, 0);
2090                 }
2091
2092                 while (defined($deleted) && ${$deleted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2093                         $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2094                         $save_line = 0;
2095                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset--, -1);
2096                 }
2097
2098                 while (defined($inserted) && ${$inserted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2099                         push(@lines, ${$inserted}{'LINE'});
2100                         $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2101                         $new_linenr++;
2102                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset++, 1);
2103                 }
2104
2105                 if ($save_line) {
2106                         push(@lines, $line);
2107                         $new_linenr++;
2108                 }
2109
2110                 $old_linenr++;
2111         }
2112
2113         return @lines;
2114 }
2115
2116 sub fix_insert_line {
2117         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2118
2119         my $inserted = {
2120                 LINENR => $linenr,
2121                 LINE => $line,
2122         };
2123         push(@fixed_inserted, $inserted);
2124 }
2125
2126 sub fix_delete_line {
2127         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2128
2129         my $deleted = {
2130                 LINENR => $linenr,
2131                 LINE => $line,
2132         };
2133
2134         push(@fixed_deleted, $deleted);
2135 }
2136
2137 sub ERROR {
2138         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2139
2140         if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
2141                 our $clean = 0;
2142                 our $cnt_error++;
2143                 return 1;
2144         }
2145         return 0;
2146 }
2147 sub WARN {
2148         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2149
2150         if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
2151                 our $clean = 0;
2152                 our $cnt_warn++;
2153                 return 1;
2154         }
2155         return 0;
2156 }
2157 sub CHK {
2158         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2159
2160         if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
2161                 our $clean = 0;
2162                 our $cnt_chk++;
2163                 return 1;
2164         }
2165         return 0;
2166 }
2167
2168 sub check_absolute_file {
2169         my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
2170         my $file = $absolute;
2171
2172         ##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
2173
2174         # See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
2175         while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
2176                 if (-f "$root/$file") {
2177                         ##print "file<$file>\n";
2178                         last;
2179                 }
2180         }
2181         if (! -f _)  {
2182                 return 0;
2183         }
2184
2185         # It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
2186         my $prefix = $absolute;
2187         substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
2188
2189         ##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
2190         if ($prefix ne ".../") {
2191                 WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
2192                      "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
2193         }
2194 }
2195
2196 sub trim {
2197         my ($string) = @_;
2198
2199         $string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
2200
2201         return $string;
2202 }
2203
2204 sub ltrim {
2205         my ($string) = @_;
2206
2207         $string =~ s/^\s+//;
2208
2209         return $string;
2210 }
2211
2212 sub rtrim {
2213         my ($string) = @_;
2214
2215         $string =~ s/\s+$//;
2216
2217         return $string;
2218 }
2219
2220 sub string_find_replace {
2221         my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
2222
2223         $string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
2224
2225         return $string;
2226 }
2227
2228 sub tabify {
2229         my ($leading) = @_;
2230
2231         my $source_indent = 8;
2232         my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
2233         my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
2234
2235         #convert leading spaces to tabs
2236         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
2237         #Remove spaces before a tab
2238         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
2239
2240         return "$leading";
2241 }
2242
2243 sub pos_last_openparen {
2244         my ($line) = @_;
2245
2246         my $pos = 0;
2247
2248         my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
2249         my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
2250
2251         my $last_openparen = 0;
2252
2253         if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
2254                 return -1;
2255         }
2256
2257         my $len = length($line);
2258
2259         for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
2260                 my $string = substr($line, $pos);
2261                 if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
2262                         $pos += length($1) - 1;
2263                 } elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
2264                         $last_openparen = $pos;
2265                 } elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
2266                         last;
2267                 }
2268         }
2269
2270         return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
2271 }
2272
2273 sub process {
2274         my $filename = shift;
2275
2276         my $linenr=0;
2277         my $prevline="";
2278         my $prevrawline="";
2279         my $stashline="";
2280         my $stashrawline="";
2281
2282         my $length;
2283         my $indent;
2284         my $previndent=0;
2285         my $stashindent=0;
2286
2287         our $clean = 1;
2288         my $signoff = 0;
2289         my $author = '';
2290         my $authorsignoff = 0;
2291         my $is_patch = 0;
2292         my $is_binding_patch = -1;
2293         my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
2294         my $in_commit_log = 0;          #Scanning lines before patch
2295         my $has_commit_log = 0;         #Encountered lines before patch
2296         my $commit_log_lines = 0;       #Number of commit log lines
2297         my $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2298         my $commit_log_long_line = 0;
2299         my $commit_log_has_diff = 0;
2300         my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
2301         my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
2302
2303         my $last_blank_line = 0;
2304         my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
2305
2306         our @report = ();
2307         our $cnt_lines = 0;
2308         our $cnt_error = 0;
2309         our $cnt_warn = 0;
2310         our $cnt_chk = 0;
2311
2312         # Trace the real file/line as we go.
2313         my $realfile = '';
2314         my $realline = 0;
2315         my $realcnt = 0;
2316         my $here = '';
2317         my $context_function;           #undef'd unless there's a known function
2318         my $in_comment = 0;
2319         my $comment_edge = 0;
2320         my $first_line = 0;
2321         my $p1_prefix = '';
2322
2323         my $prev_values = 'E';
2324
2325         # suppression flags
2326         my %suppress_ifbraces;
2327         my %suppress_whiletrailers;
2328         my %suppress_export;
2329         my $suppress_statement = 0;
2330
2331         my %signatures = ();
2332
2333         # Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
2334         # Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
2335         #
2336         my @setup_docs = ();
2337         my $setup_docs = 0;
2338
2339         my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
2340
2341         my $checklicenseline = 1;
2342
2343         sanitise_line_reset();
2344         my $line;
2345         foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
2346                 $linenr++;
2347                 $line = $rawline;
2348
2349                 push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
2350
2351                 if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2352                         $setup_docs = 0;
2353                         if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst$@) {
2354                                 $setup_docs = 1;
2355                         }
2356                         #next;
2357                 }
2358                 if ($rawline =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2359                         $realline=$1-1;
2360                         if (defined $2) {
2361                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2362                         } else {
2363                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2364                         }
2365                         $in_comment = 0;
2366
2367                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
2368                         # the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
2369                         # edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
2370                         # at context start.
2371                         my $edge;
2372                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
2373                         for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
2374                                 next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
2375                                          $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
2376                                 $cnt--;
2377                                 #print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
2378                                 last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
2379                                 if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
2380                                     $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
2381                                         ($edge) = $1;
2382                                         last;
2383                                 }
2384                         }
2385                         if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
2386                                 $in_comment = 1;
2387                         }
2388
2389                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
2390                         # is the start of a diff block and this line starts
2391                         # ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
2392                         if (!defined $edge &&
2393                             $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
2394                         {
2395                                 $in_comment = 1;
2396                         }
2397
2398                         ##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
2399                         sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
2400
2401                 } elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
2402                         # Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
2403                         # simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
2404                         $line = sanitise_line($rawline);
2405                 }
2406                 push(@lines, $line);
2407
2408                 if ($realcnt > 1) {
2409                         $realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
2410                 } else {
2411                         $realcnt = 0;
2412                 }
2413
2414                 #print "==>$rawline\n";
2415                 #print "-->$line\n";
2416
2417                 if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2418                         push(@setup_docs, $line);
2419                 }
2420         }
2421
2422         $prefix = '';
2423
2424         $realcnt = 0;
2425         $linenr = 0;
2426         $fixlinenr = -1;
2427         foreach my $line (@lines) {
2428                 $linenr++;
2429                 $fixlinenr++;
2430                 my $sline = $line;      #copy of $line
2431                 $sline =~ s/$;/ /g;     #with comments as spaces
2432
2433                 my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
2434
2435 # check if it's a mode change, rename or start of a patch
2436                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
2437                     ($line =~ /^ mode change [0-7]+ => [0-7]+ \S+\s*$/ ||
2438                     ($line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) \S+\s*$/ ||
2439                      $line =~ /^diff --git a\/[\w\/\.\_\-]+ b\/\S+\s*$/))) {
2440                         $is_patch = 1;
2441                 }
2442
2443 #extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
2444                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
2445                     $line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@(.*)/) {
2446                         my $context = $4;
2447                         $is_patch = 1;
2448                         $first_line = $linenr + 1;
2449                         $realline=$1-1;
2450                         if (defined $2) {
2451                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2452                         } else {
2453                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2454                         }
2455                         annotate_reset();
2456                         $prev_values = 'E';
2457
2458                         %suppress_ifbraces = ();
2459                         %suppress_whiletrailers = ();
2460                         %suppress_export = ();
2461                         $suppress_statement = 0;
2462                         if ($context =~ /\b(\w+)\s*\(/) {
2463                                 $context_function = $1;
2464                         } else {
2465                                 undef $context_function;
2466                         }
2467                         next;
2468
2469 # track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
2470 # new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
2471 # blank context lines so we need to count that too.
2472                 } elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
2473                         $realline++;
2474                         $realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
2475
2476                         # Measure the line length and indent.
2477                         ($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
2478
2479                         # Track the previous line.
2480                         ($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
2481                         ($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
2482                         ($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
2483
2484                         #warn "line<$line>\n";
2485
2486                 } elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
2487                         $realcnt--;
2488                 }
2489
2490                 my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
2491
2492                 $here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
2493                 $here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
2494
2495                 my $found_file = 0;
2496                 # extract the filename as it passes
2497                 if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
2498                         $realfile = $1;
2499                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2500                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2501                         $found_file = 1;
2502                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2503                         $realfile = $1;
2504                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2505                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2506
2507                         $p1_prefix = $1;
2508                         if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
2509                             -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
2510                                 WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
2511                                      "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
2512                         }
2513
2514                         if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
2515                                 ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
2516                                       "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
2517                         }
2518                         $found_file = 1;
2519                 }
2520
2521 #make up the handle for any error we report on this line
2522                 if ($showfile) {
2523                         $prefix = "$realfile:$realline: "
2524                 } elsif ($emacs) {
2525                         if ($file) {
2526                                 $prefix = "$filename:$realline: ";
2527                         } else {
2528                                 $prefix = "$filename:$linenr: ";
2529                         }
2530                 }
2531
2532                 if ($found_file) {
2533                         if (is_maintained_obsolete($realfile)) {
2534                                 WARN("OBSOLETE",
2535                                      "$realfile is marked as 'obsolete' in the MAINTAINERS hierarchy.  No unnecessary modifications please.\n");
2536                         }
2537                         if ($realfile =~ m@^(?:drivers/net/|net/|drivers/staging/)@) {
2538                                 $check = 1;
2539                         } else {
2540                                 $check = $check_orig;
2541                         }
2542                         $checklicenseline = 1;
2543
2544                         if ($realfile !~ /^MAINTAINERS/) {
2545                                 my $last_binding_patch = $is_binding_patch;
2546
2547                                 $is_binding_patch = () = $realfile =~ m@^(?:Documentation/devicetree/|include/dt-bindings/)@;
2548
2549                                 if (($last_binding_patch != -1) &&
2550                                     ($last_binding_patch ^ $is_binding_patch)) {
2551                                         WARN("DT_SPLIT_BINDING_PATCH",
2552                                              "DT binding docs and includes should be a separate patch. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/submitting-patches.txt\n");
2553                                 }
2554                         }
2555
2556                         next;
2557                 }
2558
2559                 $here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
2560
2561                 my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2562                 my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2563                 my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
2564
2565                 $cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
2566
2567 # Verify the existence of a commit log if appropriate
2568 # 2 is used because a $signature is counted in $commit_log_lines
2569                 if ($in_commit_log) {
2570                         if ($line !~ /^\s*$/) {
2571                                 $commit_log_lines++;    #could be a $signature
2572                         }
2573                 } elsif ($has_commit_log && $commit_log_lines < 2) {
2574                         WARN("COMMIT_MESSAGE",
2575                              "Missing commit description - Add an appropriate one\n");
2576                         $commit_log_lines = 2;  #warn only once
2577                 }
2578
2579 # Check if the commit log has what seems like a diff which can confuse patch
2580                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_has_diff &&
2581                     (($line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/[\w/]+@ &&
2582                       $line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/([\w/]+)\s+b/$1\b@) ||
2583                      $line =~ m@^\s*(?:\-\-\-\s+a/|\+\+\+\s+b/)@ ||
2584                      $line =~ m/^\s*\@\@ \-\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/)) {
2585                         ERROR("DIFF_IN_COMMIT_MSG",
2586                               "Avoid using diff content in the commit message - patch(1) might not work\n" . $herecurr);
2587                         $commit_log_has_diff = 1;
2588                 }
2589
2590 # Check for incorrect file permissions
2591                 if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
2592                         my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
2593                         if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
2594                             $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
2595                                 ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
2596                                       "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
2597                         }
2598                 }
2599
2600 # Check the patch for a From:
2601                 if (decode("MIME-Header", $line) =~ /^From:\s*(.*)/) {
2602                         $author = $1;
2603                         $author = encode("utf8", $author) if ($line =~ /=\?utf-8\?/i);
2604                         $author =~ s/"//g;
2605                 }
2606
2607 # Check the patch for a signoff:
2608                 if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:/i) {
2609                         $signoff++;
2610                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2611                         if ($author ne '') {
2612                                 my $l = $line;
2613                                 $l =~ s/"//g;
2614                                 if ($l =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*\Q$author\E/i) {
2615                                     $authorsignoff = 1;
2616                                 }
2617                         }
2618                 }
2619
2620 # Check if MAINTAINERS is being updated.  If so, there's probably no need to
2621 # emit the "does MAINTAINERS need updating?" message on file add/move/delete
2622                 if ($line =~ /^\s*MAINTAINERS\s*\|/) {
2623                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2624                 }
2625
2626 # Check signature styles
2627                 if (!$in_header_lines &&
2628                     $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
2629                         my $space_before = $1;
2630                         my $sign_off = $2;
2631                         my $space_after = $3;
2632                         my $email = $4;
2633                         my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
2634
2635                         if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
2636                                 WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2637                                      "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
2638                         }
2639                         if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
2640                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2641                                          "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2642                                     $fix) {
2643                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2644                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2645                                 }
2646                         }
2647                         if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
2648                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2649                                          "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
2650                                     $fix) {
2651                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2652                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2653                                 }
2654
2655                         }
2656                         if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
2657                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2658                                          "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2659                                     $fix) {
2660                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2661                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2662                                 }
2663                         }
2664
2665                         my ($email_name, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
2666                         my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $email_address));
2667                         if ($suggested_email eq "") {
2668                                 ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2669                                       "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
2670                         } else {
2671                                 my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
2672                                 $dequoted =~ s/^"//;
2673                                 $dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
2674                                 # Don't force email to have quotes
2675                                 # Allow just an angle bracketed address
2676                                 if ("$dequoted$comment" ne $email &&
2677                                     "<$email_address>$comment" ne $email &&
2678                                     "$suggested_email$comment" ne $email) {
2679                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2680                                              "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email$comment'\n" . $herecurr);
2681                                 }
2682                         }
2683
2684 # Check for duplicate signatures
2685                         my $sig_nospace = $line;
2686                         $sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
2687                         $sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
2688                         if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
2689                                 WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2690                                      "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
2691                         } else {
2692                                 $signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
2693                         }
2694
2695 # Check Co-developed-by: immediately followed by Signed-off-by: with same name and email
2696                         if ($sign_off =~ /^co-developed-by:$/i) {
2697                                 if ($email eq $author) {
2698                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2699                                               "Co-developed-by: should not be used to attribute nominal patch author '$author'\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
2700                                 }
2701                                 if (!defined $lines[$linenr]) {
2702                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2703                                              "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
2704                                 } elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
2705                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2706                                              "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
2707                                 } elsif ($1 ne $email) {
2708                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2709                                              "Co-developed-by and Signed-off-by: name/email do not match \n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
2710                                 }
2711                         }
2712                 }
2713
2714 # Check email subject for common tools that don't need to be mentioned
2715                 if ($in_header_lines &&
2716                     $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(?:checkpatch|sparse|smatch)\b[^:]/i) {
2717                         WARN("EMAIL_SUBJECT",
2718                              "A patch subject line should describe the change not the tool that found it\n" . $herecurr);
2719                 }
2720
2721 # Check for unwanted Gerrit info
2722                 if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
2723                         ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
2724                               "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream.\n" . $herecurr);
2725                 }
2726
2727 # Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump
2728                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2729                     ($line =~ /^\s*(?:WARNING:|BUG:)/ ||
2730                      $line =~ /^\s*\[\s*\d+\.\d{6,6}\s*\]/ ||
2731                                         # timestamp
2732                      $line =~ /^\s*\[\<[0-9a-fA-F]{8,}\>\]/) ||
2733                      $line =~ /^(?:\s+\w+:\s+[0-9a-fA-F]+){3,3}/ ||
2734                      $line =~ /^\s*\#\d+\s*\[[0-9a-fA-F]+\]\s*\w+ at [0-9a-fA-F]+/) {
2735                                         # stack dump address styles
2736                         $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 1;
2737                 }
2738
2739 # Check for line lengths > 75 in commit log, warn once
2740                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_long_line &&
2741                     length($line) > 75 &&
2742                     !($line =~ /^\s*[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.]+\s+\|\s+\d+/ ||
2743                                         # file delta changes
2744                       $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-]+\/)++[\w\.\-]+:/ ||
2745                                         # filename then :
2746                       $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|Link:)/i ||
2747                                         # A Fixes: or Link: line
2748                       $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
2749                         WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
2750                              "Possible unwrapped commit description (prefer a maximum 75 chars per line)\n" . $herecurr);
2751                         $commit_log_long_line = 1;
2752                 }
2753
2754 # Reset possible stack dump if a blank line is found
2755                 if ($in_commit_log && $commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2756                     $line =~ /^\s*$/) {
2757                         $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2758                 }
2759
2760 # Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
2761                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2762                     $line !~ /^\s*(?:Link|Patchwork|http|https|BugLink):/i &&
2763                     $line !~ /^This reverts commit [0-9a-f]{7,40}/ &&
2764                     ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
2765                      ($line =~ /(?:\s|^)[0-9a-f]{12,40}(?:[\s"'\(\[]|$)/i &&
2766                       $line !~ /[\<\[][0-9a-f]{12,40}[\>\]]/i &&
2767                       $line !~ /\bfixes:\s*[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i))) {
2768                         my $init_char = "c";
2769                         my $orig_commit = "";
2770                         my $short = 1;
2771                         my $long = 0;
2772                         my $case = 1;
2773                         my $space = 1;
2774                         my $hasdesc = 0;
2775                         my $hasparens = 0;
2776                         my $id = '0123456789ab';
2777                         my $orig_desc = "commit description";
2778                         my $description = "";
2779
2780                         if ($line =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
2781                                 $init_char = $1;
2782                                 $orig_commit = lc($2);
2783                         } elsif ($line =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
2784                                 $orig_commit = lc($1);
2785                         }
2786
2787                         $short = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
2788                         $long = 1 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
2789                         $space = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
2790                         $case = 0 if ($line =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
2791                         if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)"\)/i) {
2792                                 $orig_desc = $1;
2793                                 $hasparens = 1;
2794                         } elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*$/i &&
2795                                  defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
2796                                  $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*\("([^"]+)"\)/) {
2797                                 $orig_desc = $1;
2798                                 $hasparens = 1;
2799                         } elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("[^"]+$/i &&
2800                                  defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
2801                                  $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[^"]+"\)/) {
2802                                 $line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)$/i;
2803                                 $orig_desc = $1;
2804                                 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*([^"]+)"\)/;
2805                                 $orig_desc .= " " . $1;
2806                                 $hasparens = 1;
2807                         }
2808
2809                         ($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
2810                                                               $id, $orig_desc);
2811
2812                         if (defined($id) &&
2813                            ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$hasparens)) {
2814                                 ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
2815                                       "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herecurr);
2816                         }
2817                 }
2818
2819 # Check for added, moved or deleted files
2820                 if (!$reported_maintainer_file && !$in_commit_log &&
2821                     ($line =~ /^(?:new|deleted) file mode\s*\d+\s*$/ ||
2822                      $line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) [\w\/\.\-]+\s*$/ ||
2823                      ($line =~ /\{\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\=\>\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\}/ &&
2824                       (defined($1) || defined($2))))) {
2825                         $is_patch = 1;
2826                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2827                         WARN("FILE_PATH_CHANGES",
2828                              "added, moved or deleted file(s), does MAINTAINERS need updating?\n" . $herecurr);
2829                 }
2830
2831 # Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
2832                 if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
2833                         ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
2834                               "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
2835                                 $herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
2836                 }
2837
2838 # UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
2839                 if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
2840                     $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
2841                         my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
2842
2843                         my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
2844                         my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
2845                         my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
2846
2847                         CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
2848                             "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
2849                 }
2850
2851 # Check if it's the start of a commit log
2852 # (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
2853                 if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
2854                     !($rawline =~ /^\s+(?:\S|$)/ ||
2855                       $rawline =~ /^(?:commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:)/i)) {
2856                         $in_header_lines = 0;
2857                         $in_commit_log = 1;
2858                         $has_commit_log = 1;
2859                 }
2860
2861 # Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
2862 # declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
2863                 if ($in_header_lines &&
2864                     $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
2865                     $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
2866                         $non_utf8_charset = 1;
2867                 }
2868
2869                 if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
2870                     $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
2871                         WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
2872                             "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
2873                 }
2874
2875 # Check for absolute kernel paths in commit message
2876                 if ($tree && $in_commit_log) {
2877                         while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
2878                                 my $file = $1;
2879
2880                                 if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
2881                                     check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
2882                                         #
2883                                 } else {
2884                                         check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
2885                                 }
2886                         }
2887                 }
2888
2889 # Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
2890                 if (defined($misspellings) &&
2891                     ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
2892                         while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^a-z@])($misspellings)(?:\b|$|[^a-z@])/gi) {
2893                                 my $typo = $1;
2894                                 my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
2895                                 $typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
2896                                 $typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
2897                                 my $msg_level = \&WARN;
2898                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
2899                                 if (&{$msg_level}("TYPO_SPELLING",
2900                                                   "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
2901                                     $fix) {
2902                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
2903                                 }
2904                         }
2905                 }
2906
2907 # check for invalid commit id
2908                 if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /(^fixes:|\bcommit)\s+([0-9a-f]{6,40})\b/i) {
2909                         my $id;
2910                         my $description;
2911                         ($id, $description) = git_commit_info($2, undef, undef);
2912                         if (!defined($id)) {
2913                                 WARN("UNKNOWN_COMMIT_ID",
2914                                      "Unknown commit id '$2', maybe rebased or not pulled?\n" . $herecurr);
2915                         }
2916                 }
2917
2918 # ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
2919                 next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
2920
2921 #trailing whitespace
2922                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
2923                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2924                         if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
2925                                   "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
2926                             $fix) {
2927                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
2928                         }
2929                 } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
2930                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2931                         if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
2932                                   "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
2933                             $fix) {
2934                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
2935                         }
2936
2937                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
2938                 }
2939
2940 # Check for FSF mailing addresses.
2941                 if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
2942                     $rawline =~ /\b675\s+Mass\s+Ave/i ||
2943                     $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
2944                     $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
2945                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2946                         my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
2947                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
2948                         &{$msg_level}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
2949                                       "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
2950                 }
2951
2952 # check for Kconfig help text having a real description
2953 # Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
2954 # sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
2955                 if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2956                     # 'choice' is usually the last thing on the line (though
2957                     # Kconfig supports named choices), so use a word boundary
2958                     # (\b) rather than a whitespace character (\s)
2959                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice)\b/) {
2960                         my $length = 0;
2961                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
2962                         my $ln = $linenr + 1;
2963                         my $f;
2964                         my $is_start = 0;
2965                         my $is_end = 0;
2966                         for (; $cnt > 0 && defined $lines[$ln - 1]; $ln++) {
2967                                 $f = $lines[$ln - 1];
2968                                 $cnt-- if ($lines[$ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
2969                                 $is_end = $lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+/;
2970
2971                                 next if ($f =~ /^-/);
2972                                 last if (!$file && $f =~ /^\@\@/);
2973
2974                                 if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate|prompt)\s*["']/) {
2975                                         $is_start = 1;
2976                                 } elsif ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:help|---help---)\s*$/) {
2977                                         if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ "---help---") {
2978                                                 WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
2979                                                      "prefer 'help' over '---help---' for new help texts\n" . $herecurr);
2980                                         }
2981                                         $length = -1;
2982                                 }
2983
2984                                 $f =~ s/^.//;
2985                                 $f =~ s/#.*//;
2986                                 $f =~ s/^\s+//;
2987                                 next if ($f =~ /^$/);
2988
2989                                 # This only checks context lines in the patch
2990                                 # and so hopefully shouldn't trigger false
2991                                 # positives, even though some of these are
2992                                 # common words in help texts
2993                                 if ($f =~ /^\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice|endchoice|
2994                                                   if|endif|menu|endmenu|source)\b/x) {
2995                                         $is_end = 1;
2996                                         last;
2997                                 }
2998                                 $length++;
2999                         }
3000                         if ($is_start && $is_end && $length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
3001                                 WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
3002                                      "please write a paragraph that describes the config symbol fully\n" . $herecurr);
3003                         }
3004                         #print "is_start<$is_start> is_end<$is_end> length<$length>\n";
3005                 }
3006
3007 # check for MAINTAINERS entries that don't have the right form
3008                 if ($realfile =~ /^MAINTAINERS$/ &&
3009                     $rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3010                     $rawline !~ /^\+[A-Z]:\t\S/) {
3011                         if (WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3012                                  "MAINTAINERS entries use one tab after TYPE:\n" . $herecurr) &&
3013                             $fix) {
3014                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+[A-Z]):\s*/$1:\t/;
3015                         }
3016                 }
3017
3018 # discourage the use of boolean for type definition attributes of Kconfig options
3019                 if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
3020                     $line =~ /^\+\s*\bboolean\b/) {
3021                         WARN("CONFIG_TYPE_BOOLEAN",
3022                              "Use of boolean is deprecated, please use bool instead.\n" . $herecurr);
3023                 }
3024
3025                 if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
3026                     ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
3027                         my $flag = $1;
3028                         my $replacement = {
3029                                 'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
3030                                 'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
3031                                 'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
3032                                 'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
3033                         };
3034
3035                         WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
3036                              "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
3037                 }
3038
3039 # check for DT compatible documentation
3040                 if (defined $root &&
3041                         (($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
3042                          ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
3043
3044                         my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
3045
3046                         my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
3047                         my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.yaml";
3048
3049                         foreach my $compat (@compats) {
3050                                 my $compat2 = $compat;
3051                                 $compat2 =~ s/\,[a-zA-Z0-9]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
3052                                 my $compat3 = $compat;
3053                                 $compat3 =~ s/\,([a-z]*)[0-9]*\-/\,$1<\.\*>\-/;
3054                                 `grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2|$compat3" $dt_path`;
3055                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3056                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3057                                              "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
3058                                 }
3059
3060                                 next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
3061                                 my $vendor = $1;
3062                                 `grep -Eq "\\"\\^\Q$vendor\E,\\.\\*\\":" $vp_file`;
3063                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3064                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3065                                              "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
3066                                 }
3067                         }
3068                 }
3069
3070 # check for using SPDX license tag at beginning of files
3071                 if ($realline == $checklicenseline) {
3072                         if ($rawline =~ /^[ \+]\s*\#\!\s*\//) {
3073                                 $checklicenseline = 2;
3074                         } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+/) {
3075                                 my $comment = "";
3076                                 if ($realfile =~ /\.(h|s|S)$/) {
3077                                         $comment = '/*';
3078                                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.(c|dts|dtsi)$/) {
3079                                         $comment = '//';
3080                                 } elsif (($checklicenseline == 2) || $realfile =~ /\.(sh|pl|py|awk|tc)$/) {
3081                                         $comment = '#';
3082                                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.rst$/) {
3083                                         $comment = '..';
3084                                 }
3085
3086 # check SPDX comment style for .[chsS] files
3087                                 if ($realfile =~ /\.[chsS]$/ &&
3088                                     $rawline =~ /SPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3089                                     $rawline !~ m@^\+\s*\Q$comment\E\s*@) {
3090                                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3091                                              "Improper SPDX comment style for '$realfile', please use '$comment' instead\n" . $herecurr);
3092                                 }
3093
3094                                 if ($comment !~ /^$/ &&
3095                                     $rawline !~ m@^\+\Q$comment\E SPDX-License-Identifier: @) {
3096                                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3097                                              "Missing or malformed SPDX-License-Identifier tag in line $checklicenseline\n" . $herecurr);
3098                                 } elsif ($rawline =~ /(SPDX-License-Identifier: .*)/) {
3099                                         my $spdx_license = $1;
3100                                         if (!is_SPDX_License_valid($spdx_license)) {
3101                                                 WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3102                                                      "'$spdx_license' is not supported in LICENSES/...\n" . $herecurr);
3103                                         }
3104                                 }
3105                         }
3106                 }
3107
3108 # check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
3109                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|s|S|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
3110
3111 # check for using SPDX-License-Identifier on the wrong line number
3112                 if ($realline != $checklicenseline &&
3113                     $rawline =~ /\bSPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3114                     substr($line, @-, @+ - @-) eq "$;" x (@+ - @-)) {
3115                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3116                              "Misplaced SPDX-License-Identifier tag - use line $checklicenseline instead\n" . $herecurr);
3117                 }
3118
3119 # line length limit (with some exclusions)
3120 #
3121 # There are a few types of lines that may extend beyond $max_line_length:
3122 #       logging functions like pr_info that end in a string
3123 #       lines with a single string
3124 #       #defines that are a single string
3125 #       lines with an RFC3986 like URL
3126 #
3127 # There are 3 different line length message types:
3128 # LONG_LINE_COMMENT     a comment starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3129 # LONG_LINE_STRING      a string starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3130 # LONG_LINE             all other lines longer than $max_line_length
3131 #
3132 # if LONG_LINE is ignored, the other 2 types are also ignored
3133 #
3134
3135                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $length > $max_line_length) {
3136                         my $msg_type = "LONG_LINE";
3137
3138                         # Check the allowed long line types first
3139
3140                         # logging functions that end in a string that starts
3141                         # before $max_line_length
3142                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*)$/ &&
3143                             length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3144                                 $msg_type = "";
3145
3146                         # lines with only strings (w/ possible termination)
3147                         # #defines with only strings
3148                         } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
3149                                  $line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+\w+\s+$String$/) {
3150                                 $msg_type = "";
3151
3152                         # More special cases
3153                         } elsif ($line =~ /^\+.*\bEFI_GUID\s*\(/ ||
3154                                  $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:\w+)?\s*DEFINE_PER_CPU/) {
3155                                 $msg_type = "";
3156
3157                         # URL ($rawline is used in case the URL is in a comment)
3158                         } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b[a-z][\w\.\+\-]*:\/\/\S+/i) {
3159                                 $msg_type = "";
3160
3161                         # Otherwise set the alternate message types
3162
3163                         # a comment starts before $max_line_length
3164                         } elsif ($line =~ /($;[\s$;]*)$/ &&
3165                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3166                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_COMMENT"
3167
3168                         # a quoted string starts before $max_line_length
3169                         } elsif ($sline =~ /\s*($String(?:\s*(?:\\|,\s*|\)\s*;\s*))?)$/ &&
3170                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3171                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_STRING"
3172                         }
3173
3174                         if ($msg_type ne "" &&
3175                             (show_type("LONG_LINE") || show_type($msg_type))) {
3176                                 WARN($msg_type,
3177                                      "line over $max_line_length characters\n" . $herecurr);
3178                         }
3179                 }
3180
3181 # check for adding lines without a newline.
3182                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
3183                         WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
3184                              "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr);
3185                 }
3186
3187 # check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
3188                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl|dtsi|dts)$/);
3189
3190 # at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
3191 # more than 8 must use tabs.
3192                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
3193                     $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
3194                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3195                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
3196                         if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
3197                                   "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
3198                             $fix) {
3199                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3200                         }
3201                 }
3202
3203 # check for space before tabs.
3204                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
3205                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3206                         if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
3207                                 "please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
3208                             $fix) {
3209                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3210                                            s/(^\+.*) {8,8}\t/$1\t\t/) {}
3211                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3212                                            s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
3213                         }
3214                 }
3215
3216 # check for assignments on the start of a line
3217                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+($Assignment)[^=]/) {
3218                         CHK("ASSIGNMENT_CONTINUATIONS",
3219                             "Assignment operator '$1' should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev);
3220                 }
3221
3222 # check for && or || at the start of a line
3223                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
3224                         CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
3225                             "Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev);
3226                 }
3227
3228 # check indentation starts on a tab stop
3229                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
3230                     $sline =~ /^\+\t+( +)(?:$c90_Keywords\b|\{\s*$|\}\s*(?:else\b|while\b|\s*$)|$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[;=])/) {
3231                         my $indent = length($1);
3232                         if ($indent % 8) {
3233                                 if (WARN("TABSTOP",
3234                                          "Statements should start on a tabstop\n" . $herecurr) &&
3235                                     $fix) {
3236                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@(^\+\t+) +@$1 . "\t" x ($indent/8)@e;
3237                                 }
3238                         }
3239                 }
3240
3241 # check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
3242                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
3243                     $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|(?:\*\s*)*$Lval\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
3244                         $prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
3245                         my $oldindent = $1;
3246                         my $rest = $2;
3247
3248                         my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
3249                         if ($pos >= 0) {
3250                                 $line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
3251                                 my $newindent = $2;
3252
3253                                 my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
3254                                         "\t" x ($pos / 8) .
3255                                         " "  x ($pos % 8);
3256                                 my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
3257
3258                                 if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
3259                                     $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
3260
3261                                         if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
3262                                                 "Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
3263                                             $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3264                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3265                                                     s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
3266                                         }
3267                                 }
3268                         }
3269                 }
3270
3271 # check for space after cast like "(int) foo" or "(struct foo) bar"
3272 # avoid checking a few false positives:
3273 #   "sizeof(<type>)" or "__alignof__(<type>)"
3274 #   function pointer declarations like "(*foo)(int) = bar;"
3275 #   structure definitions like "(struct foo) { 0 };"
3276 #   multiline macros that define functions
3277 #   known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword
3278                 if ($line =~ /^\+(.*)\(\s*$Type\s*\)([ \t]++)((?![={]|\\$|$Attribute|__attribute__))/ &&
3279                     (!defined($1) || $1 !~ /\b(?:sizeof|__alignof__)\s*$/)) {
3280                         if (CHK("SPACING",
3281                                 "No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $herecurr) &&
3282                             $fix) {
3283                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3284                                     s/(\(\s*$Type\s*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
3285                         }
3286                 }
3287
3288 # Block comment styles
3289 # Networking with an initial /*
3290                 if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
3291                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
3292                     $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
3293                     $realline > 2) {
3294                         WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3295                              "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
3296                 }
3297
3298 # Block comments use * on subsequent lines
3299                 if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&                 #ends in comment
3300                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&             #starting /*
3301                     $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&            #no trailing */
3302                     $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&                        #line is new
3303                     $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {                #no leading *
3304                         WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3305                              "Block comments use * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
3306                 }
3307
3308 # Block comments use */ on trailing lines
3309                 if ($rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing */
3310                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&      #inline /*...*/
3311                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing **/
3312                     $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {    #non blank */
3313                         WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3314                              "Block comments use a trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
3315                 }
3316
3317 # Block comment * alignment
3318                 if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&                 #ends in comment
3319                     $line =~ /^\+[ \t]*$;/ &&                   #leading comment
3320                     $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&                #leading *
3321                     (($prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&           #leading /*
3322                       $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/) ||         #no trailing */
3323                      $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/)) {          #leading *
3324                         my $oldindent;
3325                         $prevrawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*/?)\*@;
3326                         if (defined($1)) {
3327                                 $oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3328                         } else {
3329                                 $prevrawline =~ m@^\+(.*/?)\*@;
3330                                 $oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3331                         }
3332                         $rawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*)\*@;
3333                         my $newindent = $1;
3334                         $newindent = expand_tabs($newindent);
3335                         if (length($oldindent) ne length($newindent)) {
3336                                 WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3337                                      "Block comments should align the * on each line\n" . $hereprev);
3338                         }
3339                 }
3340
3341 # check for missing blank lines after struct/union declarations
3342 # with exceptions for various attributes and macros
3343                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
3344                     $line =~ /^\+/ &&
3345                     !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
3346                       $line =~ /^\+\s*EXPORT_SYMBOL/ ||
3347                       $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
3348                       $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
3349                       $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
3350                       $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:static\s+)?[A-Z_]*ATTR/ ||
3351                       $line =~ /^\+\s*DECLARE/ ||
3352                       $line =~ /^\+\s*builtin_[\w_]*driver/ ||
3353                       $line =~ /^\+\s*__setup/)) {
3354                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3355                                 "Please use a blank line after function/struct/union/enum declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
3356                             $fix) {
3357                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3358                         }
3359                 }
3360
3361 # check for multiple consecutive blank lines
3362                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*$/ &&
3363                     $line =~ /^\+\s*$/ &&
3364                     $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) {
3365                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3366                                 "Please don't use multiple blank lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
3367                             $fix) {
3368                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3369                         }
3370
3371                         $last_blank_line = $linenr;
3372                 }
3373
3374 # check for missing blank lines after declarations
3375                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+\S/ &&                     #Not at char 1
3376                         # actual declarations
3377                     ($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
3378                         # function pointer declarations
3379                      $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
3380                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
3381                      $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
3382                         # known declaration macros
3383                      $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
3384                         # for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
3385                     !($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
3386                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
3387                       $prevline =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
3388                         # not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
3389                       $prevline =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
3390                         # looks like a declaration
3391                     !($sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
3392                         # function pointer declarations
3393                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
3394                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
3395                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
3396                         # known declaration macros
3397                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
3398                         # start of struct or union or enum
3399                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:static\s+)?(?:const\s+)?(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
3400                         # start or end of block or continuation of declaration
3401                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
3402                         # bitfield continuation
3403                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
3404                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
3405                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/) &&
3406                         # indentation of previous and current line are the same
3407                     (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/)) {
3408                         if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
3409                                  "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
3410                             $fix) {
3411                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3412                         }
3413                 }
3414
3415 # check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
3416 # Exceptions:
3417 #  1) within comments
3418 #  2) indented preprocessor commands
3419 #  3) hanging labels
3420                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
3421                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3422                         if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
3423                                  "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
3424                             $fix) {
3425                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3426                         }
3427                 }
3428
3429 # check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
3430                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
3431
3432 # check for unusual line ending [ or (
3433                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*([\[\(])\s*$/) {
3434                         CHK("OPEN_ENDED_LINE",
3435                             "Lines should not end with a '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
3436                 }
3437
3438 # check if this appears to be the start function declaration, save the name
3439                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\{\s*$/ &&
3440                     $prevline =~ /^\+(?:(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*)?($Ident)\(/) {
3441                         $context_function = $1;
3442                 }
3443
3444 # check if this appears to be the end of function declaration
3445                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\}\s*$/) {
3446                         undef $context_function;
3447                 }
3448
3449 # check indentation of any line with a bare else
3450 # (but not if it is a multiple line "if (foo) return bar; else return baz;")
3451 # if the previous line is a break or return and is indented 1 tab more...
3452                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)(?:}[ \t]*)?else(?:[ \t]*{)?\s*$/) {
3453                         my $tabs = length($1) + 1;
3454                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}break\b/ ||
3455                             ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}return\b/ &&
3456                              defined $lines[$linenr] &&
3457                              $lines[$linenr] !~ /^[ \+]\t{$tabs,$tabs}return/)) {
3458                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_ELSE",
3459                                      "else is not generally useful after a break or return\n" . $hereprev);
3460                         }
3461                 }
3462
3463 # check indentation of a line with a break;
3464 # if the previous line is a goto or return and is indented the same # of tabs
3465                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
3466                         my $tabs = $1;
3467                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(?:goto|return)\b/) {
3468                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
3469                                      "break is not useful after a goto or return\n" . $hereprev);
3470                         }
3471                 }
3472
3473 # check for RCS/CVS revision markers
3474                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
3475                         WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
3476                              "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
3477                 }
3478
3479 # check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
3480                 if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
3481                         WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
3482                              "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
3483                 }
3484
3485 # Check for potential 'bare' types
3486                 my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
3487                     $realline_next);
3488 #print "LINE<$line>\n";
3489                 if ($linenr > $suppress_statement &&
3490                     $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
3491                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
3492                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3493                         $stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
3494                         $cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
3495
3496 #print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
3497                         # If this statement has no statement boundaries within
3498                         # it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
3499                         # until we hit end of it.
3500                         my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
3501                         if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
3502 #print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
3503                                 $suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
3504                         }
3505
3506                         # Find the real next line.
3507                         $realline_next = $line_nr_next;
3508                         if (defined $realline_next &&
3509                             (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
3510                              substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
3511                                 $realline_next++;
3512                         }
3513
3514                         my $s = $stat;
3515                         $s =~ s/{.*$//s;
3516
3517                         # Ignore goto labels.
3518                         if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
3519
3520                         # Ignore functions being called
3521                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
3522
3523                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
3524
3525                         # declarations always start with types
3526                         } elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
3527                                 my $type = $1;
3528                                 $type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
3529                                 possible($type, "A:" . $s);
3530
3531                         # definitions in global scope can only start with types
3532                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
3533                                 possible($1, "B:" . $s);
3534                         }
3535
3536                         # any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
3537                         while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
3538                                 possible($1, "C:" . $s);
3539                         }
3540
3541                         # Check for any sort of function declaration.
3542                         # int foo(something bar, other baz);
3543                         # void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
3544                         if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
3545                                 my ($name_len) = length($1);
3546
3547                                 my $ctx = $s;
3548                                 substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
3549                                 $ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
3550
3551                                 for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
3552                                         if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
3553
3554                                                 possible($1, "D:" . $s);
3555                                         }
3556                                 }
3557                         }
3558
3559                 }
3560
3561 #
3562 # Checks which may be anchored in the context.
3563 #
3564
3565 # Check for switch () and associated case and default
3566 # statements should be at the same indent.
3567                 if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
3568                         my $err = '';
3569                         my $sep = '';
3570                         my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
3571                         shift(@ctx);
3572                         for my $ctx (@ctx) {
3573                                 my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
3574                                 if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
3575                                                         $indent != $cindent) {
3576                                         $err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
3577                                         $sep = '';
3578                                 } else {
3579                                         $sep = "[...]\n";
3580                                 }
3581                         }
3582                         if ($err ne '') {
3583                                 ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
3584                                       "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
3585                         }
3586                 }
3587
3588 # if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
3589 # or if that brace on the next line is for something else
3590                 if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
3591                         my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
3592
3593                         my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3594
3595                         if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
3596                                 WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
3597                                      "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
3598                         }
3599
3600                         my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
3601                         my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
3602
3603                         my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
3604                         my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
3605
3606                         while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
3607                                         defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
3608                                         $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
3609                                 ##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
3610                                 $ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
3611                                 $ctx_ln++;
3612                         }
3613
3614                         #print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
3615                         #print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
3616
3617                         if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
3618                                 ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3619                                       "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
3620                                         "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
3621                         }
3622                         if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
3623                             $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
3624                             defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
3625                         {
3626                                 my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
3627                                 if ($nindent > $indent) {
3628                                         WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
3629                                              "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
3630                                                 "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
3631                                 }
3632                         }
3633                 }
3634
3635 # Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
3636                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|(?:do|else)\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
3637                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
3638                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
3639                                         if (!defined $stat);
3640                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
3641
3642                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
3643
3644                         # remove inline comments
3645                         $s =~ s/$;/ /g;
3646                         $c =~ s/$;/ /g;
3647
3648                         # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
3649                         my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
3650                         my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
3651
3652                         # Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
3653                         # none on the first line, and are going to readd them
3654                         # where necessary.
3655                         $s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
3656                         while ($s =~ /\n\s+\\\n/) {
3657                                 $cond_lines += $s =~ s/\n\s+\\\n/\n/g;
3658                         }
3659
3660                         # We want to check the first line inside the block
3661                         # starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
3662                         #  1) any blank line termination
3663                         #  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
3664                         #  3) any do (...) {
3665                         my $continuation = 0;
3666                         my $check = 0;
3667                         $s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
3668                         $s =~ s/^\s*{//;
3669                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
3670                                 $continuation = 1;
3671                         }
3672                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
3673                                 $check = 1;
3674                                 $cond_lines++;
3675                         }
3676
3677                         # Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
3678                         # preprocessor statement.
3679                         if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
3680                             $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
3681                                 $check = 0;
3682                         }
3683
3684                         my $cond_ptr = -1;
3685                         $continuation = 0;
3686                         while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
3687                                 $cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
3688
3689                                 # If we see an #else/#elif then the code
3690                                 # is not linear.
3691                                 if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
3692                                         $check = 0;
3693                                 }
3694
3695                                 # Ignore:
3696                                 #  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
3697                                 #  2) preprocessor lines, and
3698                                 #  3) labels.
3699                                 if ($continuation ||
3700                                     $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
3701                                     $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
3702                                     $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
3703                                         $continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
3704                                         if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
3705                                                 $cond_lines++;
3706                                         }
3707                                 }
3708                         }
3709
3710                         my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
3711                         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
3712
3713                         # Check if either of these lines are modified, else
3714                         # this is not this patch's fault.
3715                         if (!defined($stat_real) ||
3716                             $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
3717                                 $check = 0;
3718                         }
3719                         if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
3720                                 $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
3721                         }
3722
3723                         #print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
3724
3725                         if ($check && $s ne '' &&
3726                             (($sindent % 8) != 0 ||
3727                              ($sindent < $indent) ||
3728                              ($sindent == $indent &&
3729                               ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\}|\{|else\b)/)) ||
3730                              ($sindent > $indent + 8))) {
3731                                 WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
3732                                      "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
3733                         }
3734                 }
3735
3736                 # Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
3737                 my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
3738                 my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
3739                                 annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
3740                 $curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
3741                 if ($dbg_values) {
3742                         my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
3743                         print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
3744                         print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
3745                         print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
3746                 }
3747                 $prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
3748
3749 #ignore lines not being added
3750                 next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
3751
3752 # check for dereferences that span multiple lines
3753                 if ($prevline =~ /^\+.*$Lval\s*(?:\.|->)\s*$/ &&
3754                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(?!\#\s*(?!define\s+|if))\s*$Lval/) {
3755                         $prevline =~ /($Lval\s*(?:\.|->))\s*$/;
3756                         my $ref = $1;
3757                         $line =~ /^.\s*($Lval)/;
3758                         $ref .= $1;
3759                         $ref =~ s/\s//g;
3760                         WARN("MULTILINE_DEREFERENCE",
3761                              "Avoid multiple line dereference - prefer '$ref'\n" . $hereprev);
3762                 }
3763
3764 # check for declarations of signed or unsigned without int
3765                 while ($line =~ m{\b($Declare)\s*(?!char\b|short\b|int\b|long\b)\s*($Ident)?\s*[=,;\[\)\(]}g) {
3766                         my $type = $1;
3767                         my $var = $2;
3768                         $var = "" if (!defined $var);
3769                         if ($type =~ /^(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline|$Attribute)\s+)*((?:un)?signed)((?:\s*\*)*)\s*$/) {
3770                                 my $sign = $1;
3771                                 my $pointer = $2;
3772
3773                                 $pointer = "" if (!defined $pointer);
3774
3775                                 if (WARN("UNSPECIFIED_INT",
3776                                          "Prefer '" . trim($sign) . " int" . rtrim($pointer) . "' to bare use of '$sign" . rtrim($pointer) . "'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3777                                     $fix) {
3778                                         my $decl = trim($sign) . " int ";
3779                                         my $comp_pointer = $pointer;
3780                                         $comp_pointer =~ s/\s//g;
3781                                         $decl .= $comp_pointer;
3782                                         $decl = rtrim($decl) if ($var eq "");
3783                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\b$sign\s*\Q$pointer\E\s*$var\b@$decl$var@;
3784                                 }
3785                         }
3786                 }
3787
3788 # TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
3789                 if ($dbg_type) {
3790                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
3791                                 ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
3792                                       "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
3793                         } elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
3794                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
3795                                       "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
3796                         }
3797                         next;
3798                 }
3799 # TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
3800                 if ($dbg_attr) {
3801                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
3802                                 ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
3803                                       "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
3804                         } elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
3805                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
3806                                       "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
3807                         }
3808                         next;
3809                 }
3810
3811 # check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
3812                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
3813                     $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
3814                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3815                                   "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3816                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3817                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
3818                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3819                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
3820                                 $fixedline =~ s/\s*=\s*$/ = {/;
3821                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3822                                 $fixedline = $line;
3823                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1/;
3824                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3825                         }
3826                 }
3827
3828 #
3829 # Checks which are anchored on the added line.
3830 #
3831
3832 # check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
3833                 if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
3834                         my $path = $1;
3835                         if ($path =~ m{//}) {
3836                                 ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
3837                                       "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
3838                         }
3839                         if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
3840                                 ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
3841                                       "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
3842                         }
3843                 }
3844
3845 # no C99 // comments
3846                 if ($line =~ m{//}) {
3847                         if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
3848                                   "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
3849                             $fix) {
3850                                 my $line = $fixed[$fixlinenr];
3851                                 if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
3852                                         my $comment = trim($1);
3853                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
3854                                 }
3855                         }
3856                 }
3857                 # Remove C99 comments.
3858                 $line =~ s@//.*@@;
3859                 $opline =~ s@//.*@@;
3860
3861 # EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
3862 # the whole statement.
3863 #print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
3864                 if (defined $realline_next &&
3865                     exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
3866                     !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
3867                     ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
3868                      $lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
3869                         # Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
3870                         # a prefix:
3871                         #   XXX(foo);
3872                         #   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
3873                         my $name = $1;
3874                         if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
3875                             $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
3876 #print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
3877                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
3878
3879                         } elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
3880                                 \n.}\s*$|
3881                                 ^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
3882                                 ^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
3883                                 ^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
3884                                 ^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
3885                                 \b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
3886                             )/x) {
3887 #print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
3888                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
3889                         } else {
3890                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
3891                         }
3892                 }
3893                 if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
3894                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
3895                     ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
3896                      $line =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
3897 #print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
3898                         $suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
3899                 }
3900                 if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
3901                     $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
3902                         WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
3903                              "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
3904                 }
3905
3906 # check for global initialisers.
3907                 if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
3908                         if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
3909                                   "do not initialise globals to $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
3910                             $fix) {
3911                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
3912                         }
3913                 }
3914 # check for static initialisers.
3915                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
3916                         if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
3917                                   "do not initialise statics to $1\n" .
3918                                       $herecurr) &&
3919                             $fix) {
3920                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
3921                         }
3922                 }
3923
3924 # check for misordered declarations of char/short/int/long with signed/unsigned
3925                 while ($sline =~ m{(\b$TypeMisordered\b)}g) {
3926                         my $tmp = trim($1);
3927                         WARN("MISORDERED_TYPE",
3928                              "type '$tmp' should be specified in [[un]signed] [short|int|long|long long] order\n" . $herecurr);
3929                 }
3930
3931 # check for unnecessary <signed> int declarations of short/long/long long
3932                 while ($sline =~ m{\b($TypeMisordered(\s*\*)*|$C90_int_types)\b}g) {
3933                         my $type = trim($1);
3934                         next if ($type !~ /\bint\b/);
3935                         next if ($type !~ /\b(?:short|long\s+long|long)\b/);
3936                         my $new_type = $type;
3937                         $new_type =~ s/\b\s*int\s*\b/ /;
3938                         $new_type =~ s/\b\s*(?:un)?signed\b\s*/ /;
3939                         $new_type =~ s/^const\s+//;
3940                         $new_type = "unsigned $new_type" if ($type =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
3941                         $new_type = "const $new_type" if ($type =~ /^const\b/);
3942                         $new_type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
3943                         $new_type = trim($new_type);
3944                         if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_INT",
3945                                  "Prefer '$new_type' over '$type' as the int is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr) &&
3946                             $fix) {
3947                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$type\E\b/$new_type/;
3948                         }
3949                 }
3950
3951 # check for static const char * arrays.
3952                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
3953                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3954                              "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
3955                                 $herecurr);
3956                 }
3957
3958 # check for initialized const char arrays that should be static const
3959                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*const\s+(char|unsigned\s+char|_*u8|(?:[us]_)?int8_t)\s+\w+\s*\[\s*(?:\w+\s*)?\]\s*=\s*"/) {
3960                         if (WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3961                                  "const array should probably be static const\n" . $herecurr) &&
3962                             $fix) {
3963                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.\s*)const\b/${1}static const/;
3964                         }
3965                 }
3966
3967 # check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
3968                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
3969                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3970                              "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
3971                                 $herecurr);
3972                 }
3973
3974 # check for const <foo> const where <foo> is not a pointer or array type
3975                 if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
3976                         my $found = $1;
3977                         if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\b\s*\*/) {
3978                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
3979                                      "'const $found const *' should probably be 'const $found * const'\n" . $herecurr);
3980                         } elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) {
3981                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
3982                                      "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . $herecurr);
3983                         }
3984                 }
3985
3986 # check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
3987                 if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
3988                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3989                              "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
3990                                 $herecurr);
3991                }
3992
3993 # check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
3994                 if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
3995                         my $array = $1;
3996                         if ($line =~ m@\b(sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\)\s*/\s*sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\[\s*0\s*\]\s*\))@) {
3997                                 my $array_div = $1;
3998                                 if (WARN("ARRAY_SIZE",
3999                                          "Prefer ARRAY_SIZE($array)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4000                                     $fix) {
4001                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$array_div\E/ARRAY_SIZE($array)/;
4002                                 }
4003                         }
4004                 }
4005
4006 # check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
4007                 if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s+$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
4008                         if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
4009                                   "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4010                             $fix) {
4011                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
4012                         }
4013                 }
4014
4015 # check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
4016 # make sense.
4017                 if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
4018                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
4019                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
4020                     $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
4021                     $line !~ /\b__bitwise\b/) {
4022                         WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
4023                              "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
4024                 }
4025
4026 # * goes on variable not on type
4027                 # (char*[ const])
4028                 while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
4029                         #print "AA<$1>\n";
4030                         my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
4031
4032                         # Should start with a space.
4033                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4034                         # Should not end with a space.
4035                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
4036                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
4037                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4038                         }
4039
4040 ##                      print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4041                         if ($from ne $to) {
4042                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4043                                           "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4044                                     $fix) {
4045                                         my $sub_from = $ident;
4046                                         my $sub_to = $ident;
4047                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4048                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4049                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4050                                 }
4051                         }
4052                 }
4053                 while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
4054                         #print "BB<$1>\n";
4055                         my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
4056
4057                         # Should start with a space.
4058                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4059                         # Should not end with a space.
4060                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
4061                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
4062                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4063                         }
4064                         # Modifiers should have spaces.
4065                         $to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
4066
4067 ##                      print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4068                         if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
4069                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4070                                           "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4071                                     $fix) {
4072
4073                                         my $sub_from = $match;
4074                                         my $sub_to = $match;
4075                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4076                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4077                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4078                                 }
4079                         }
4080                 }
4081
4082 # avoid BUG() or BUG_ON()
4083                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:BUG|BUG_ON)\b/) {
4084                         my $msg_level = \&WARN;
4085                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
4086                         &{$msg_level}("AVOID_BUG",
4087                                       "Avoid crashing the kernel - try using WARN_ON & recovery code rather than BUG() or BUG_ON()\n" . $herecurr);
4088                 }
4089
4090 # avoid LINUX_VERSION_CODE
4091                 if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
4092                         WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
4093                              "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
4094                 }
4095
4096 # check for uses of printk_ratelimit
4097                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
4098                         WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
4099                              "Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
4100                 }
4101
4102 # printk should use KERN_* levels
4103                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*(?!KERN_[A-Z]+\b)/) {
4104                         WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
4105                              "printk() should include KERN_<LEVEL> facility level\n" . $herecurr);
4106                 }
4107
4108                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4109                         my $orig = $1;
4110                         my $level = lc($orig);
4111                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4112                         my $level2 = $level;
4113                         $level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4114                         WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
4115                              "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
4116                 }
4117
4118                 if ($line =~ /\bpr_warning\s*\(/) {
4119                         if (WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
4120                                  "Prefer pr_warn(... to pr_warning(...\n" . $herecurr) &&
4121                             $fix) {
4122                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4123                                     s/\bpr_warning\b/pr_warn/;
4124                         }
4125                 }
4126
4127                 if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4128                         my $orig = $1;
4129                         my $level = lc($orig);
4130                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4131                         $level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4132                         WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
4133                              "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
4134                 }
4135
4136 # ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
4137 # number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
4138 # least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
4139                 if ($line =~ /\bENOSYS\b/) {
4140                         WARN("ENOSYS",
4141                              "ENOSYS means 'invalid syscall nr' and nothing else\n" . $herecurr);
4142                 }
4143
4144 # function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
4145 # or if closed on same line
4146                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
4147                     $sline =~ /$Type\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*\{/ &&
4148                     $sline !~ /\#\s*define\b.*do\s*\{/ &&
4149                     $sline !~ /}/) {
4150                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4151                                   "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herecurr) &&
4152                             $fix) {
4153                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4154                                 my $fixed_line = $rawline;
4155                                 $fixed_line =~ /(^..*$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\)\s*){(.*)$/;
4156                                 my $line1 = $1;
4157                                 my $line2 = $2;
4158                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1));
4159                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+{");
4160                                 if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) {
4161                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+\t" . trim($line2));
4162                                 }
4163                         }
4164                 }
4165
4166 # open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
4167                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4168                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
4169                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4170                                   "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4171                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4172                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4173                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4174                                 my $fixedline = rtrim($prevrawline) . " {";
4175                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4176                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
4177                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1\t/;
4178                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4179                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4180                                 }
4181                         }
4182                 }
4183
4184 # missing space after union, struct or enum definition
4185                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
4186                         if (WARN("SPACING",
4187                                  "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
4188                             $fix) {
4189                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4190                                     s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
4191                         }
4192                 }
4193
4194 # Function pointer declarations
4195 # check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
4196 # canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
4197                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
4198                         my $declare = $1;
4199                         my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
4200                         my $post_pointer_space = $3;
4201                         my $funcname = $4;
4202                         my $post_funcname_space = $5;
4203                         my $pre_args_space = $6;
4204
4205 # the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
4206 # so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
4207 # don't need a space so don't warn for those.
4208                         my $post_declare_space = "";
4209                         if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
4210                                 $post_declare_space = $1;
4211                                 $declare = rtrim($declare);
4212                         }
4213                         if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
4214                                 WARN("SPACING",
4215                                      "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4216                                 $post_declare_space = " ";
4217                         }
4218
4219 # unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
4220 # This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
4221 # equivalent to
4222 #       int  foo(int bar, ...)
4223 # and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
4224 #
4225 #                       elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
4226 #                               WARN("SPACING",
4227 #                                    "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4228 #                       }
4229
4230 # unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
4231                         if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
4232                             $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4233                                 WARN("SPACING",
4234                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
4235                         }
4236
4237 # unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
4238                         if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
4239                             $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4240                                 WARN("SPACING",
4241                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4242                         }
4243
4244 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
4245                         if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
4246                             $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
4247                                 WARN("SPACING",
4248                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4249                         }
4250
4251 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
4252                         if (defined $pre_args_space &&
4253                             $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
4254                                 WARN("SPACING",
4255                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
4256                         }
4257
4258                         if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
4259                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4260                                     s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
4261                         }
4262                 }
4263
4264 # check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
4265 #  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
4266 #  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
4267 #  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
4268                 while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
4269                         my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
4270                         if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
4271                             ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
4272                             $prefix !~ /[{,:]\s+$/) {
4273                                 if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
4274                                           "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4275                                     $fix) {
4276                                     $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4277                                         s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
4278                                 }
4279                         }
4280                 }
4281
4282 # check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
4283                 while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
4284                         my $name = $1;
4285                         my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
4286                         my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
4287
4288                         # Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
4289                         if ($name =~ /^(?:
4290                                 if|for|while|switch|return|case|
4291                                 volatile|__volatile__|
4292                                 __attribute__|format|__extension__|
4293                                 asm|__asm__)$/x)
4294                         {
4295                         # cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
4296                         # if there is a space between the name and the open
4297                         # parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
4298                         } elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
4299
4300                         # cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
4301                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
4302
4303                         # If this whole things ends with a type its most
4304                         # likely a typedef for a function.
4305                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
4306
4307                         } else {
4308                                 if (WARN("SPACING",
4309                                          "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4310                                              $fix) {
4311                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4312                                             s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
4313                                 }
4314                         }
4315                 }
4316
4317 # Check operator spacing.
4318                 if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
4319                         my $fixed_line = "";
4320                         my $line_fixed = 0;
4321
4322                         my $ops = qr{
4323                                 <<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
4324                                 \+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
4325                                 =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
4326                                 &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
4327                                 \?:|\?|:
4328                         }x;
4329                         my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
4330
4331 ##                      print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
4332 ##                      foreach my $el (@elements) {
4333 ##                              print("el: <$el>\n");
4334 ##                      }
4335
4336                         my @fix_elements = ();
4337                         my $off = 0;
4338
4339                         foreach my $el (@elements) {
4340                                 push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
4341                                 $off += length($el);
4342                         }
4343
4344                         $off = 0;
4345
4346                         my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
4347                         my $last_after = -1;
4348
4349                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
4350
4351                                 my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
4352
4353 ##                              print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
4354
4355                                 $off += length($elements[$n]);
4356
4357                                 # Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
4358                                 my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
4359                                 my $cc = '';
4360                                 if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
4361                                         $cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
4362                                 }
4363                                 my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
4364
4365                                 my $a = '';
4366                                 $a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
4367                                 $a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
4368                                 $a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
4369                                 $a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
4370                                 $a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
4371                                 $a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
4372
4373                                 my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
4374
4375                                 my $c = '';
4376                                 if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
4377                                         $c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
4378                                         $c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
4379                                         $c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
4380                                         $c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
4381                                         $c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
4382                                         $c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
4383                                 } else {
4384                                         $c = 'E';
4385                                 }
4386
4387                                 my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
4388
4389                                 my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
4390
4391                                 my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
4392                                 my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
4393
4394                                 # Pull out the value of this operator.
4395                                 my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
4396
4397                                 # Get the full operator variant.
4398                                 my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
4399
4400                                 # Ignore operators passed as parameters.
4401                                 if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
4402                                     $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*[,\)]/) {
4403
4404 #                               # Ignore comments
4405 #                               } elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
4406
4407                                 # ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
4408                                 } elsif ($op eq ';') {
4409                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
4410                                             $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
4411                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4412                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4413                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4414                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4415                                                 }
4416                                         }
4417
4418                                 # // is a comment
4419                                 } elsif ($op eq '//') {
4420
4421                                 #   :   when part of a bitfield
4422                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
4423                                         # skip the bitfield test for now
4424
4425                                 # No spaces for:
4426                                 #   ->
4427                                 } elsif ($op eq '->') {
4428                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
4429                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4430                                                           "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4431                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4432                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4433                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4434                                                         }
4435                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4436                                                 }
4437                                         }
4438
4439                                 # , must not have a space before and must have a space on the right.
4440                                 } elsif ($op eq ',') {
4441                                         my $rtrim_before = 0;
4442                                         my $space_after = 0;
4443                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
4444                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4445                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4446                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4447                                                         $rtrim_before = 1;
4448                                                 }
4449                                         }
4450                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
4451                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4452                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4453                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4454                                                         $last_after = $n;
4455                                                         $space_after = 1;
4456                                                 }
4457                                         }
4458                                         if ($rtrim_before || $space_after) {
4459                                                 if ($rtrim_before) {
4460                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4461                                                 } else {
4462                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4463                                                 }
4464                                                 if ($space_after) {
4465                                                         $good .= " ";
4466                                                 }
4467                                         }
4468
4469                                 # '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
4470                                 } elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
4471                                         #warn "'*' is part of type\n";
4472
4473                                 # unary operators should have a space before and
4474                                 # none after.  May be left adjacent to another
4475                                 # unary operator, or a cast
4476                                 } elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
4477                                          $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
4478                                          $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
4479                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
4480                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4481                                                           "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4482                                                         if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
4483                                                                 $good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4484                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
4485                                                         }
4486                                                 }
4487                                         }
4488                                         if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
4489                                                 # A unary '*' may be const
4490
4491                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
4492                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4493                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4494                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4495                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4496                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4497                                                         }
4498                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4499                                                 }
4500                                         }
4501
4502                                 # unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
4503                                 } elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
4504                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
4505                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4506                                                           "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4507                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4508                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4509                                                 }
4510                                         }
4511                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
4512                                             ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
4513                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4514                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4515                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4516                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4517                                                 }
4518                                         }
4519                                         if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
4520                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4521                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4522                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4523                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4524                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4525                                                         }
4526                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4527                                                 }
4528                                         }
4529
4530                                 # << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
4531                                 } elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
4532                                          $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
4533                                          $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
4534                                          $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
4535                                          $op eq '%')
4536                                 {
4537                                         if ($check) {
4538                                                 if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /[EW]x[EW]/) {
4539                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
4540                                                                 "spaces preferred around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4541                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4542                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4543                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
4544                                                         }
4545                                                 } elsif (!defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /Wx[OE]/) {
4546                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
4547                                                                 "space preferred before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4548                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4549                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
4550                                                         }
4551                                                 }
4552                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
4553                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4554                                                           "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4555                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4556                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4557                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4558                                                         }
4559                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4560                                                 }
4561                                         }
4562
4563                                 # A colon needs no spaces before when it is
4564                                 # terminating a case value or a label.
4565                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
4566                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
4567                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4568                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4569                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4570                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4571                                                 }
4572                                         }
4573
4574                                 # All the others need spaces both sides.
4575                                 } elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
4576                                         my $ok = 0;
4577
4578                                         # Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
4579                                         if (($op eq '<' &&
4580                                              $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
4581                                             ($op eq '>' &&
4582                                              $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
4583                                         {
4584                                                 $ok = 1;
4585                                         }
4586
4587                                         # for asm volatile statements
4588                                         # ignore a colon with another
4589                                         # colon immediately before or after
4590                                         if (($op eq ':') &&
4591                                             ($ca =~ /:$/ || $cc =~ /^:/)) {
4592                                                 $ok = 1;
4593                                         }
4594
4595                                         # messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
4596                                         if ($ok == 0) {
4597                                                 my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
4598                                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
4599
4600                                                 if (&{$msg_level}("SPACING",
4601                                                                   "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4602                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4603                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4604                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4605                                                         }
4606                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4607                                                 }
4608                                         }
4609                                 }
4610                                 $off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
4611
4612 ##                              print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
4613
4614                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
4615                         }
4616
4617                         if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
4618                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
4619                         }
4620
4621                         if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$fixlinenr]) {
4622                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed_line;
4623                         }
4624
4625
4626                 }
4627
4628 # check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
4629                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
4630                         if (WARN("SPACING",
4631                                  "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
4632                             $fix) {
4633                                 1 while $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4634                                     s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
4635                         }
4636                 }
4637
4638 # check for multiple assignments
4639                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
4640                         CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
4641                             "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
4642                 }
4643
4644 ## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
4645 ## # continuation.
4646 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
4647 ##                  $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
4648 ##
4649 ##                      # Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
4650 ##                      # falsly report the parameters of functions.
4651 ##                      my $ln = $line;
4652 ##                      while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
4653 ##                      }
4654 ##                      if ($ln =~ /,/) {
4655 ##                              WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
4656 ##                                   "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
4657 ##                      }
4658 ##              }
4659
4660 #need space before brace following if, while, etc
4661                 if (($line =~ /\(.*\)\{/ && $line !~ /\($Type\)\{/) ||
4662                     $line =~ /\b(?:else|do)\{/) {
4663                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4664                                   "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4665                             $fix) {
4666                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|else|\)))\{/$1 {/;
4667                         }
4668                 }
4669
4670 ## # check for blank lines before declarations
4671 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
4672 ##                  $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
4673 ##                      WARN("SPACING",
4674 ##                           "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
4675 ##              }
4676 ##
4677
4678 # closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
4679 # on the line
4680                 if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)|\}))\S/) {
4681                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4682                                   "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4683                             $fix) {
4684                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4685                                     s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
4686                         }
4687                 }
4688
4689 # check spacing on square brackets
4690                 if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
4691                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4692                                   "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4693                             $fix) {
4694                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4695                                     s/\[\s+/\[/;
4696                         }
4697                 }
4698                 if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
4699                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4700                                   "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4701                             $fix) {
4702                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4703                                     s/\s+\]/\]/;
4704                         }
4705                 }
4706
4707 # check spacing on parentheses
4708                 if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
4709                     $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
4710                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4711                                   "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4712                             $fix) {
4713                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4714                                     s/\(\s+/\(/;
4715                         }
4716                 }
4717                 if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
4718                     $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
4719                     $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
4720                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4721                                   "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4722                             $fix) {
4723                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4724                                     s/\s+\)/\)/;
4725                         }
4726                 }
4727
4728 # check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals
4729 # ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar
4730
4731                 while ($line =~ /(?:[^&]&\s*|\*)\(\s*($Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+)\s*\)/g) {
4732                         my $var = $1;
4733                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4734                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
4735                             $fix) {
4736                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$var\E\s*\)/$var/;
4737                         }
4738                 }
4739
4740 # check for unnecessary parentheses around function pointer uses
4741 # ie: (foo->bar)(); should be foo->bar();
4742 # but not "if (foo->bar) (" to avoid some false positives
4743                 if ($line =~ /(\bif\s*|)(\(\s*$Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+\))[ \t]*\(/ && $1 !~ /^if/) {
4744                         my $var = $2;
4745                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4746                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around function pointer $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
4747                             $fix) {
4748                                 my $var2 = deparenthesize($var);
4749                                 $var2 =~ s/\s//g;
4750                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$var\E/$var2/;
4751                         }
4752                 }
4753
4754 # check for unnecessary parentheses around comparisons in if uses
4755 # when !drivers/staging or command-line uses --strict
4756                 if (($realfile !~ m@^(?:drivers/staging/)@ || $check_orig) &&
4757                     $perl_version_ok && defined($stat) &&
4758                     $stat =~ /(^.\s*if\s*($balanced_parens))/) {
4759                         my $if_stat = $1;
4760                         my $test = substr($2, 1, -1);
4761                         my $herectx;
4762                         while ($test =~ /(?:^|[^\w\&\!\~])+\s*\(\s*([\&\!\~]?\s*$Lval\s*(?:$Compare\s*$FuncArg)?)\s*\)/g) {
4763                                 my $match = $1;
4764                                 # avoid parentheses around potential macro args
4765                                 next if ($match =~ /^\s*\w+\s*$/);
4766                                 if (!defined($herectx)) {
4767                                         $herectx = $here . "\n";
4768                                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($if_stat);
4769                                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4770                                                 my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
4771                                                 $herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
4772                                                 last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
4773                                         }
4774                                 }
4775                                 CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4776                                     "Unnecessary parentheses around '$match'\n" . $herectx);
4777                         }
4778                 }
4779
4780 #goto labels aren't indented, allow a single space however
4781                 if ($line=~/^.\s+[A-Za-z\d_]+:(?![0-9]+)/ and
4782                    !($line=~/^. [A-Za-z\d_]+:/) and !($line=~/^.\s+default:/)) {
4783                         if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
4784                                  "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
4785                             $fix) {
4786                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4787                                     s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
4788                         }
4789                 }
4790
4791 # return is not a function
4792                 if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
4793                         my $spacing = $1;
4794                         if ($perl_version_ok &&
4795                             $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
4796                                 my $value = $1;
4797                                 $value = deparenthesize($value);
4798                                 if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
4799                                         ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
4800                                               "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
4801                                 }
4802                         } elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
4803                                 ERROR("SPACING",
4804                                       "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
4805                         }
4806                 }
4807
4808 # unnecessary return in a void function
4809 # at end-of-function, with the previous line a single leading tab, then return;
4810 # and the line before that not a goto label target like "out:"
4811                 if ($sline =~ /^[ \+]}\s*$/ &&
4812                     $prevline =~ /^\+\treturn\s*;\s*$/ &&
4813                     $linenr >= 3 &&
4814                     $lines[$linenr - 3] =~ /^[ +]/ &&
4815                     $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
4816                         WARN("RETURN_VOID",
4817                              "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
4818                }
4819
4820 # if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
4821                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
4822                     $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
4823                         my $openparens = $1;
4824                         my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
4825                         my $msg = "";
4826                         if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
4827                                 my $comp = $4;  #Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
4828                                 $msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
4829                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4830                                      "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
4831                         }
4832                 }
4833
4834 # comparisons with a constant or upper case identifier on the left
4835 #       avoid cases like "foo + BAR < baz"
4836 #       only fix matches surrounded by parentheses to avoid incorrect
4837 #       conversions like "FOO < baz() + 5" being "misfixed" to "baz() > FOO + 5"
4838                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
4839                     $line =~ /^\+(.*)\b($Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)\s*($Compare)\s*($LvalOrFunc)/) {
4840                         my $lead = $1;
4841                         my $const = $2;
4842                         my $comp = $3;
4843                         my $to = $4;
4844                         my $newcomp = $comp;
4845                         if ($lead !~ /(?:$Operators|\.)\s*$/ &&
4846                             $to !~ /^(?:Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)$/ &&
4847                             WARN("CONSTANT_COMPARISON",
4848                                  "Comparisons should place the constant on the right side of the test\n" . $herecurr) &&
4849                             $fix) {
4850                                 if ($comp eq "<") {
4851                                         $newcomp = ">";
4852                                 } elsif ($comp eq "<=") {
4853                                         $newcomp = ">=";
4854                                 } elsif ($comp eq ">") {
4855                                         $newcomp = "<";
4856                                 } elsif ($comp eq ">=") {
4857                                         $newcomp = "<=";
4858                                 }
4859                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$const\E\s*$Compare\s*\Q$to\E\s*\)/($to $newcomp $const)/;
4860                         }
4861                 }
4862
4863 # Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
4864                 if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
4865                         my $name = $1;
4866                         if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR') {
4867                                 WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
4868                                      "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
4869                         }
4870                 }
4871
4872 # Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
4873                 if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
4874                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4875                                   "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4876                             $fix) {
4877                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4878                                     s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
4879                         }
4880                 }
4881
4882 # Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
4883 # statements after the conditional.
4884                 if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
4885                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4886                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
4887                                         if (!defined $stat);
4888                         my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
4889                                                 $remain_next, $off_next);
4890                         $stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4891                         ##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
4892
4893                         if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
4894                                 # If the statement carries leading newlines,
4895                                 # then count those as offsets.
4896                                 my ($whitespace) =
4897                                         ($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
4898                                 my $offset =
4899                                         statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
4900
4901                                 $suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
4902                                                                 $offset} = 1;
4903                         }
4904                 }
4905                 if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
4906                     defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
4907                     $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
4908                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
4909
4910                         if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
4911                                 ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
4912                                       "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr);
4913                         }
4914
4915                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
4916                         # conditional.
4917                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4918                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
4919                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
4920                         if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
4921                             $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
4922                         {
4923                                 # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
4924                                 my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
4925                                 my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
4926                                 my $stat_real = '';
4927
4928                                 $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
4929                                                         . "\n" if ($cond_lines);
4930                                 if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
4931                                         $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
4932                                 }
4933
4934                                 ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4935                                       "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real);
4936                         }
4937                 }
4938
4939 # Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
4940                 if ($line =~ /
4941                         (?:
4942                                 (?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
4943                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
4944                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
4945                         |
4946                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
4947                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
4948                                 (?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
4949                         )/x)
4950                 {
4951                         WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
4952                              "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
4953                 }
4954
4955 # if and else should not have general statements after it
4956                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
4957                         my $s = $1;
4958                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
4959                         if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
4960                                 ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4961                                       "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
4962                         }
4963                 }
4964 # if should not continue a brace
4965                 if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
4966                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4967                               "trailing statements should be on next line (or did you mean 'else if'?)\n" .
4968                                 $herecurr);
4969                 }
4970 # case and default should not have general statements after them
4971                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
4972                     $line !~ /\G(?:
4973                         (?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
4974                         \s*return\s+
4975                     )/xg)
4976                 {
4977                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4978                               "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
4979                 }
4980
4981                 # Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
4982                 # indent level to be relevant to each other.
4983                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ &&
4984                     $previndent == $indent) {
4985                         if (ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
4986                                   "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4987                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4988                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4989                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4990                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4991                                 $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$//;
4992                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4993                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4994                                 }
4995                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
4996                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/;
4997                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4998                         }
4999                 }
5000
5001                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ &&
5002                     $previndent == $indent) {
5003                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5004
5005                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5006                         # conditional.
5007                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5008                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5009
5010                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
5011                                 if (ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
5012                                           "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5013                                     $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5014                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5015                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5016                                         my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5017                                         my $trailing = $rawline;
5018                                         $trailing =~ s/^\+//;
5019                                         $trailing = trim($trailing);
5020                                         $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/;
5021                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5022                                 }
5023                         }
5024                 }
5025
5026 #Specific variable tests
5027                 while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
5028                         my $var = $1;
5029
5030 #CamelCase
5031                         if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
5032                             $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
5033 #Ignore Page<foo> variants
5034                             $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
5035 #Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB (ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show)
5036                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z_]+)?$/ &&
5037 #Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
5038                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
5039                                 while ($var =~ m{($Ident)}g) {
5040                                         my $word = $1;
5041                                         next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
5042                                         if ($check) {
5043                                                 seed_camelcase_includes();
5044                                                 if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
5045                                                         seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
5046                                                         $camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
5047                                                 }
5048                                         }
5049                                         if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
5050                                                 $camelcase{$word} = 1;
5051                                                 CHK("CAMELCASE",
5052                                                     "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
5053                                         }
5054                                 }
5055                         }
5056                 }
5057
5058 #no spaces allowed after \ in define
5059                 if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
5060                         if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
5061                                  "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
5062                             $fix) {
5063                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
5064                         }
5065                 }
5066
5067 # warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available and includes
5068 # itself <asm/foo.h> (uses RAW line)
5069                 if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
5070                         my $file = "$1.h";
5071                         my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
5072                         if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
5073                             $realfile ne $checkfile &&
5074                             $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
5075                         {
5076                                 my $asminclude = `grep -Ec "#include\\s+<asm/$file>" $root/$checkfile`;
5077                                 if ($asminclude > 0) {
5078                                         if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
5079                                                 CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
5080                                                     "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5081                                         } else {
5082                                                 WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
5083                                                      "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5084                                         }
5085                                 }
5086                         }
5087                 }
5088
5089 # multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
5090 # first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
5091 # in a known good container
5092                 if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5093                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
5094                         my $ln = $linenr;
5095                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
5096                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5097                         my $ctx = '';
5098                         my $has_flow_statement = 0;
5099                         my $has_arg_concat = 0;
5100                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5101                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5102                         $ctx = $dstat;
5103                         #print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
5104                         #print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
5105
5106                         $has_flow_statement = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\b(goto|return)\b/);
5107                         $has_arg_concat = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\#\#/ && $ctx !~ /\#\#\s*(?:__VA_ARGS__|args)\b/);
5108
5109                         $dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
5110                         my $define_args = $1;
5111                         my $define_stmt = $dstat;
5112                         my @def_args = ();
5113
5114                         if (defined $define_args && $define_args ne "") {
5115                                 $define_args = substr($define_args, 1, length($define_args) - 2);
5116                                 $define_args =~ s/\s*//g;
5117                                 $define_args =~ s/\\\+?//g;
5118                                 @def_args = split(",", $define_args);
5119                         }
5120
5121                         $dstat =~ s/$;//g;
5122                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5123                         $dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
5124                         $dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
5125
5126                         # Flatten any parentheses and braces
5127                         while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1/ ||
5128                                $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1/ ||
5129                                $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1/)
5130                         {
5131                         }
5132
5133                         # Flatten any obvious string concatentation.
5134                         while ($dstat =~ s/($String)\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
5135                                $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*($String)/$1/)
5136                         {
5137                         }
5138
5139                         # Make asm volatile uses seem like a generic function
5140                         $dstat =~ s/\b_*asm_*\s+_*volatile_*\b/asm_volatile/g;
5141
5142                         my $exceptions = qr{
5143                                 $Declare|
5144                                 module_param_named|
5145                                 MODULE_PARM_DESC|
5146                                 DECLARE_PER_CPU|
5147                                 DEFINE_PER_CPU|
5148                                 __typeof__\(|
5149                                 union|
5150                                 struct|
5151                                 \.$Ident\s*=\s*|
5152                                 ^\"|\"$|
5153                                 ^\[
5154                         }x;
5155                         #print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
5156
5157                         $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5158                         my $stmt_cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5159                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $stmt_cnt, $here);
5160
5161                         if ($dstat ne '' &&
5162                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&                    # 10, // foo(),
5163                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&                    # foo();
5164                             $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&          # 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
5165                             $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ && $dstat !~ /^'XX'$/ &&                  # character constants
5166                             $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
5167                             $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&                                # .foo =
5168                             $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&          # stringification #foo
5169                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&       # do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
5170                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&                            # for (...)
5171                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&   # for (...) bar()
5172                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&                                      # do {...
5173                             $dstat !~ /^\(\{/ &&                                                # ({...
5174                             $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
5175                         {
5176                                 if ($dstat =~ /^\s*if\b/) {
5177                                         ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5178                                               "Macros starting with if should be enclosed by a do - while loop to avoid possible if/else logic defects\n" . "$herectx");
5179                                 } elsif ($dstat =~ /;/) {
5180                                         ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5181                                               "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
5182                                 } else {
5183                                         ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
5184                                               "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
5185                                 }
5186
5187                         }
5188
5189                         # Make $define_stmt single line, comment-free, etc
5190                         my @stmt_array = split('\n', $define_stmt);
5191                         my $first = 1;
5192                         $define_stmt = "";
5193                         foreach my $l (@stmt_array) {
5194                                 $l =~ s/\\$//;
5195                                 if ($first) {
5196                                         $define_stmt = $l;
5197                                         $first = 0;
5198                                 } elsif ($l =~ /^[\+ ]/) {
5199                                         $define_stmt .= substr($l, 1);
5200                                 }
5201                         }
5202                         $define_stmt =~ s/$;//g;
5203                         $define_stmt =~ s/\s+/ /g;
5204                         $define_stmt = trim($define_stmt);
5205
5206 # check if any macro arguments are reused (ignore '...' and 'type')
5207                         foreach my $arg (@def_args) {
5208                                 next if ($arg =~ /\.\.\./);
5209                                 next if ($arg =~ /^type$/i);
5210                                 my $tmp_stmt = $define_stmt;
5211                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\b(sizeof|typeof|__typeof__|__builtin\w+|typecheck\s*\(\s*$Type\s*,|\#+)\s*\(*\s*$arg\s*\)*\b//g;
5212                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\#+\s*$arg\b//g;
5213                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\b$arg\s*\#\#//g;
5214                                 my $use_cnt = () = $tmp_stmt =~ /\b$arg\b/g;
5215                                 if ($use_cnt > 1) {
5216                                         CHK("MACRO_ARG_REUSE",
5217                                             "Macro argument reuse '$arg' - possible side-effects?\n" . "$herectx");
5218                                     }
5219 # check if any macro arguments may have other precedence issues
5220                                 if ($tmp_stmt =~ m/($Operators)?\s*\b$arg\b\s*($Operators)?/m &&
5221                                     ((defined($1) && $1 ne ',') ||
5222                                      (defined($2) && $2 ne ','))) {
5223                                         CHK("MACRO_ARG_PRECEDENCE",
5224                                             "Macro argument '$arg' may be better as '($arg)' to avoid precedence issues\n" . "$herectx");
5225                                 }
5226                         }
5227
5228 # check for macros with flow control, but without ## concatenation
5229 # ## concatenation is commonly a macro that defines a function so ignore those
5230                         if ($has_flow_statement && !$has_arg_concat) {
5231                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5232                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5233
5234                                 WARN("MACRO_WITH_FLOW_CONTROL",
5235                                      "Macros with flow control statements should be avoided\n" . "$herectx");
5236                         }
5237
5238 # check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
5239
5240                 } else {
5241                         if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
5242                             $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&         # preprocessor
5243                             $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&   # asm
5244                             $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
5245                                 WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
5246                                      "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
5247                         }
5248                 }
5249
5250 # do {} while (0) macro tests:
5251 # single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
5252 # macro should not end with a semicolon
5253                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5254                     $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5255                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
5256                         my $ln = $linenr;
5257                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
5258                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5259                         my $ctx = '';
5260                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5261                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5262                         $ctx = $dstat;
5263
5264                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5265                         $dstat =~ s/$;/ /g;
5266
5267                         if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
5268                                 my $stmts = $2;
5269                                 my $semis = $3;
5270
5271                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5272                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5273                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5274
5275                                 if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
5276                                     $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
5277                                         WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
5278                                              "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
5279                                 }
5280                                 if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
5281                                         WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
5282                                              "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
5283                                 }
5284                         } elsif ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident.*;\s*$/) {
5285                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5286                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5287                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5288
5289                                 WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
5290                                      "macros should not use a trailing semicolon\n" . "$herectx");
5291                         }
5292                 }
5293
5294 # check for redundant bracing round if etc
5295                 if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
5296                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
5297                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
5298                         #print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
5299                         #print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
5300                         if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
5301                                 my @allowed = ();
5302                                 my $allow = 0;
5303                                 my $seen = 0;
5304                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
5305                                 my $ln = $linenr - 1;
5306                                 for my $chunk (@chunks) {
5307                                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
5308
5309                                         # If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
5310                                         my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
5311                                         my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
5312
5313                                         $allowed[$allow] = 0;
5314                                         #print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
5315
5316                                         # We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
5317                                         $suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
5318
5319                                         $herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
5320                                         $ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
5321
5322                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5323
5324                                         $seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
5325
5326                                         #print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
5327                                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
5328                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
5329                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
5330                                         }
5331                                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
5332                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
5333                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
5334                                         }
5335                                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
5336                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
5337                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
5338                                         }
5339                                         $allow++;
5340                                 }
5341                                 if ($seen) {
5342                                         my $sum_allowed = 0;
5343                                         foreach (@allowed) {
5344                                                 $sum_allowed += $_;
5345                                         }
5346                                         if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
5347                                                 WARN("BRACES",
5348                                                      "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
5349                                         } elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
5350                                                  $seen != $allow) {
5351                                                 CHK("BRACES",
5352                                                     "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
5353                                         }
5354                                 }
5355                         }
5356                 }
5357                 if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
5358                                         $line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
5359                         my $allowed = 0;
5360
5361                         # Check the pre-context.
5362                         if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
5363                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
5364                                 $allowed = 1;
5365                         }
5366
5367                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
5368                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
5369
5370                         # Check the condition.
5371                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
5372                         #print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
5373                         if (defined $cond) {
5374                                 substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5375                         }
5376                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
5377                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
5378                                 $allowed = 1;
5379                         }
5380                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
5381                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
5382                                 $allowed = 1;
5383                         }
5384                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
5385                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
5386                                 $allowed = 1;
5387                         }
5388                         # Check the post-context.
5389                         if (defined $chunks[1]) {
5390                                 my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
5391                                 if (defined $cond) {
5392                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5393                                 }
5394                                 if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
5395                                         #print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
5396                                         $allowed = 1;
5397                                 }
5398                         }
5399                         if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
5400                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
5401                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5402
5403                                 WARN("BRACES",
5404                                      "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
5405                         }
5406                 }
5407
5408 # check for single line unbalanced braces
5409                 if ($sline =~ /^.\s*\}\s*else\s*$/ ||
5410                     $sline =~ /^.\s*else\s*\{\s*$/) {
5411                         CHK("BRACES", "Unbalanced braces around else statement\n" . $herecurr);
5412                 }
5413
5414 # check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
5415                 if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
5416                         if (CHK("BRACES",
5417                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5418                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
5419                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5420                         }
5421                 }
5422                 if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
5423                         if (CHK("BRACES",
5424                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5425                             $fix) {
5426                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5427                         }
5428                 }
5429
5430 # no volatiles please
5431                 my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
5432                 if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
5433                         WARN("VOLATILE",
5434                              "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/process/volatile-considered-harmful.rst\n" . $herecurr);
5435                 }
5436
5437 # Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
5438 # to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
5439 # newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
5440 # (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
5441                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String/ &&
5442                     $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
5443                     $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
5444                         if (WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
5445                                  "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
5446                                      $fix &&
5447                                      $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*"\s*$/ &&
5448                                      $last_coalesced_string_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
5449                                 my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
5450                                 my $comma_close = "";
5451                                 if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) {
5452                                         $comma_close = $1;
5453                                 }
5454
5455                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5456                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5457                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5458                                 $fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//;
5459                                 $fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . trim($comma_close);
5460                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr - 1, $fixedline);
5461                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
5462                                 $fixedline =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\Q$comma_close\E//;
5463                                 if ($fixedline !~ /\+\s*$/) {
5464                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5465                                 }
5466                                 $last_coalesced_string_linenr = $linenr;
5467                         }
5468                 }
5469
5470 # check for missing a space in a string concatenation
5471                 if ($prevrawline =~ /[^\\]\w"$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+[\t ]+"\w/) {
5472                         WARN('MISSING_SPACE',
5473                              "break quoted strings at a space character\n" . $hereprev);
5474                 }
5475
5476 # check for an embedded function name in a string when the function is known
5477 # This does not work very well for -f --file checking as it depends on patch
5478 # context providing the function name or a single line form for in-file
5479 # function declarations
5480                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*$String/ &&
5481                     defined($context_function) &&
5482                     get_quoted_string($line, $rawline) =~ /\b$context_function\b/ &&
5483                     length(get_quoted_string($line, $rawline)) != (length($context_function) + 2)) {
5484                         WARN("EMBEDDED_FUNCTION_NAME",
5485                              "Prefer using '\"%s...\", __func__' to using '$context_function', this function's name, in a string\n" . $herecurr);
5486                 }
5487
5488 # check for spaces before a quoted newline
5489                 if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
5490                         if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
5491                                  "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
5492                             $fix) {
5493                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
5494                         }
5495
5496                 }
5497
5498 # concatenated string without spaces between elements
5499                 if ($line =~ /$String[A-Za-z0-9_]/ || $line =~ /[A-Za-z0-9_]$String/) {
5500                         if (CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
5501                                 "Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr) &&
5502                             $fix) {
5503                                 while ($line =~ /($String)/g) {
5504                                         my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
5505                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E([A-Za-z0-9_])/$extracted_string $1/;
5506                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/([A-Za-z0-9_])\Q$extracted_string\E/$1 $extracted_string/;
5507                                 }
5508                         }
5509                 }
5510
5511 # uncoalesced string fragments
5512                 if ($line =~ /$String\s*"/) {
5513                         if (WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
5514                                  "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr) &&
5515                             $fix) {
5516                                 while ($line =~ /($String)(?=\s*")/g) {
5517                                         my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
5518                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\s*"/substr($extracted_string, 0, -1)/e;
5519                                 }
5520                         }
5521                 }
5522
5523 # check for non-standard and hex prefixed decimal printf formats
5524                 my $show_L = 1; #don't show the same defect twice
5525                 my $show_Z = 1;
5526                 while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
5527                         my $string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
5528                         $string =~ s/%%/__/g;
5529                         # check for %L
5530                         if ($show_L && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*L([diouxX])/) {
5531                                 WARN("PRINTF_L",
5532                                      "\%L$1 is non-standard C, use %ll$1\n" . $herecurr);
5533                                 $show_L = 0;
5534                         }
5535                         # check for %Z
5536                         if ($show_Z && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*Z([diouxX])/) {
5537                                 WARN("PRINTF_Z",
5538                                      "%Z$1 is non-standard C, use %z$1\n" . $herecurr);
5539                                 $show_Z = 0;
5540                         }
5541                         # check for 0x<decimal>
5542                         if ($string =~ /0x%[\*\d\.\$\Llzth]*[diou]/) {
5543                                 ERROR("PRINTF_0XDECIMAL",
5544                                       "Prefixing 0x with decimal output is defective\n" . $herecurr);
5545                         }
5546                 }
5547
5548 # check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
5549                 if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $sline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
5550                         WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
5551                              "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
5552                 }
5553
5554 # warn about #if 0
5555                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
5556                         WARN("IF_0",
5557                              "Consider removing the code enclosed by this #if 0 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
5558                 }
5559
5560 # warn about #if 1
5561                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+1\b/) {
5562                         WARN("IF_1",
5563                              "Consider removing the #if 1 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
5564                 }
5565
5566 # check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
5567                 if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
5568                         my $tested = quotemeta($1);
5569                         my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . $tested . '\s*\)\s*;';
5570                         if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?|(?:kmem_cache|mempool|dma_pool)_destroy)$expr/) {
5571                                 my $func = $1;
5572                                 if (WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
5573                                          "$func(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev) &&
5574                                     $fix) {
5575                                         my $do_fix = 1;
5576                                         my $leading_tabs = "";
5577                                         my $new_leading_tabs = "";
5578                                         if ($lines[$linenr - 2] =~ /^\+(\t*)if\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*$/) {
5579                                                 $leading_tabs = $1;
5580                                         } else {
5581                                                 $do_fix = 0;
5582                                         }
5583                                         if ($lines[$linenr - 1] =~ /^\+(\t+)$func\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
5584                                                 $new_leading_tabs = $1;
5585                                                 if (length($leading_tabs) + 1 ne length($new_leading_tabs)) {
5586                                                         $do_fix = 0;
5587                                                 }
5588                                         } else {
5589                                                 $do_fix = 0;
5590                                         }
5591                                         if ($do_fix) {
5592                                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5593                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+$new_leading_tabs/\+$leading_tabs/;
5594                                         }
5595                                 }
5596                         }
5597                 }
5598
5599 # check for unnecessary "Out of Memory" messages
5600                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
5601                     $prevline =~ /^[ \+]\s*if\s*\(\s*(\!\s*|NULL\s*==\s*)?($Lval)(\s*==\s*NULL\s*)?\s*\)/ &&
5602                     (defined $1 || defined $3) &&
5603                     $linenr > 3) {
5604                         my $testval = $2;
5605                         my $testline = $lines[$linenr - 3];
5606
5607                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr - 3, $realcnt, 0);
5608 #                       print("line: <$line>\nprevline: <$prevline>\ns: <$s>\nc: <$c>\n\n\n");
5609
5610                         if ($s =~ /(?:^|\n)[ \+]\s*(?:$Type\s*)?\Q$testval\E\s*=\s*(?:\([^\)]*\)\s*)?\s*$allocFunctions\s*\(/ &&
5611                             $s !~ /\b__GFP_NOWARN\b/ ) {
5612                                 WARN("OOM_MESSAGE",
5613                                      "Possible unnecessary 'out of memory' message\n" . $hereprev);
5614                         }
5615                 }
5616
5617 # check for logging functions with KERN_<LEVEL>
5618                 if ($line !~ /printk(?:_ratelimited|_once)?\s*\(/ &&
5619                     $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(.*\b(KERN_[A-Z]+)\b/) {
5620                         my $level = $1;
5621                         if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_KERN_LEVEL",
5622                                  "Possible unnecessary $level\n" . $herecurr) &&
5623                             $fix) {
5624                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s*$level\s*//;
5625                         }
5626                 }
5627
5628 # check for logging continuations
5629                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_CONT\b|\bpr_cont\s*\(/) {
5630                         WARN("LOGGING_CONTINUATION",
5631                              "Avoid logging continuation uses where feasible\n" . $herecurr);
5632                 }
5633
5634 # check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
5635                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5636                     $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
5637                     $4 !~ /^\&/) { # $LvalOrFunc may be &foo, ignore if so
5638                         WARN("MASK_THEN_SHIFT",
5639                              "Possible precedence defect with mask then right shift - may need parentheses\n" . $herecurr);
5640                 }
5641
5642 # check for pointer comparisons to NULL
5643                 if ($perl_version_ok) {
5644                         while ($line =~ /\b$LvalOrFunc\s*(==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/g) {
5645                                 my $val = $1;
5646                                 my $equal = "!";
5647                                 $equal = "" if ($4 eq "!=");
5648                                 if (CHK("COMPARISON_TO_NULL",
5649                                         "Comparison to NULL could be written \"${equal}${val}\"\n" . $herecurr) &&
5650                                             $fix) {
5651                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(?:==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/$equal$val/;
5652                                 }
5653                         }
5654                 }
5655
5656 # check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
5657                 if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
5658                         my $attr = $1;
5659                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
5660                                 my $ptr = $1;
5661                                 my $var = $2;
5662                                 if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
5663                                       ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
5664                                             "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
5665                                      ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
5666                                       WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
5667                                            "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
5668                                     $fix) {
5669                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
5670                                 }
5671                         }
5672                 }
5673
5674 # check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
5675                 if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
5676                         my $attr = $1;
5677                         $attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
5678                         my $attr_prefix = $1;
5679                         my $attr_type = $2;
5680                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
5681                                   "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
5682                             $fix) {
5683                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5684                                     s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
5685                         }
5686                 }
5687
5688 # check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
5689                 if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
5690                         my $attr = $1;
5691                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
5692                                   "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
5693                             $fix) {
5694                                 my $lead = $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5695                                     /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
5696                                 $lead = rtrim($1);
5697                                 $lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
5698                                 $lead = "${lead}const ";
5699                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
5700                         }
5701                 }
5702
5703 # check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const)
5704                 if ($line =~ /\b__read_mostly\b/ &&
5705                     $line =~ /($Type)\s*$Ident/ && $1 !~ /\*\s*$/ && $1 =~ /\bconst\b/) {
5706                         if (ERROR("CONST_READ_MOSTLY",
5707                                   "Invalid use of __read_mostly with const type\n" . $herecurr) &&
5708                             $fix) {
5709                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+__read_mostly\b//;
5710                         }
5711                 }
5712
5713 # don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
5714                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
5715                     $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
5716                         my $constant_func = $1;
5717                         my $func = $constant_func;
5718                         $func =~ s/^__constant_//;
5719                         if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
5720                                  "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
5721                             $fix) {
5722                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
5723                         }
5724                 }
5725
5726 # prefer usleep_range over udelay
5727                 if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
5728                         my $delay = $1;
5729                         # ignore udelay's < 10, however
5730                         if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
5731                                 CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
5732                                     "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
5733                         }
5734                         if ($delay > 2000) {
5735                                 WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
5736                                      "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see arch/arm/include/asm/delay.h\n" . $herecurr);
5737                         }
5738                 }
5739
5740 # warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
5741                 if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
5742                         if ($1 < 20) {
5743                                 WARN("MSLEEP",
5744                                      "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
5745                         }
5746                 }
5747
5748 # check for comparisons of jiffies
5749                 if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
5750                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
5751                              "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
5752                 }
5753
5754 # check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
5755                 if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
5756                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
5757                              "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
5758                 }
5759
5760 # warn about #ifdefs in C files
5761 #               if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
5762 #                       print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
5763 #                       print "$herecurr";
5764 #                       $clean = 0;
5765 #               }
5766
5767 # warn about spacing in #ifdefs
5768                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
5769                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5770                                   "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
5771                             $fix) {
5772                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5773                                     s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
5774                         }
5775
5776                 }
5777
5778 # check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
5779                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
5780                     $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
5781                         my $which = $1;
5782                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5783                                 CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
5784                                     "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5785                         }
5786                 }
5787 # check for memory barriers without a comment.
5788
5789                 my $barriers = qr{
5790                         mb|
5791                         rmb|
5792                         wmb|
5793                         read_barrier_depends
5794                 }x;
5795                 my $barrier_stems = qr{
5796                         mb__before_atomic|
5797                         mb__after_atomic|
5798                         store_release|
5799                         load_acquire|
5800                         store_mb|
5801                         (?:$barriers)
5802                 }x;
5803                 my $all_barriers = qr{
5804                         (?:$barriers)|
5805                         smp_(?:$barrier_stems)|
5806                         virt_(?:$barrier_stems)
5807                 }x;
5808
5809                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:$all_barriers)\s*\(/) {
5810                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5811                                 WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
5812                                      "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5813                         }
5814                 }
5815
5816                 my $underscore_smp_barriers = qr{__smp_(?:$barrier_stems)}x;
5817
5818                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/asm-generic/@ &&
5819                     $realfile !~ m@/barrier\.h$@ &&
5820                     $line =~ m/\b(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/ &&
5821                     $line !~ m/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/) {
5822                         WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
5823                              "__smp memory barriers shouldn't be used outside barrier.h and asm-generic\n" . $herecurr);
5824                 }
5825
5826 # check for waitqueue_active without a comment.
5827                 if ($line =~ /\bwaitqueue_active\s*\(/) {
5828                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5829                                 WARN("WAITQUEUE_ACTIVE",
5830                                      "waitqueue_active without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5831                         }
5832                 }
5833
5834 # check for smp_read_barrier_depends and read_barrier_depends
5835                 if (!$file && $line =~ /\b(smp_|)read_barrier_depends\s*\(/) {
5836                         WARN("READ_BARRIER_DEPENDS",
5837                              "$1read_barrier_depends should only be used in READ_ONCE or DEC Alpha code\n" . $herecurr);
5838                 }
5839
5840 # check of hardware specific defines
5841                 if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
5842                         CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
5843                             "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
5844                 }
5845
5846 # check that the storage class is not after a type
5847                 if ($line =~ /\b($Type)\s+($Storage)\b/) {
5848                         WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
5849                              "storage class '$2' should be located before type '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
5850                 }
5851 # Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
5852                 if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ &&
5853                     $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage/ &&
5854                     $line =~ /^.\s*(.+?)\$Storage\s/ &&
5855                     $1 !~ /[\,\)]\s*$/) {
5856                         WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
5857                              "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr);
5858                 }
5859
5860 # check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
5861 # storage class and type.
5862                 if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
5863                     $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
5864                         ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
5865                               "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
5866                 }
5867
5868 # Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
5869                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5870                     $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
5871                         if (WARN("INLINE",
5872                                  "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
5873                             $fix) {
5874                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
5875
5876                         }
5877                 }
5878
5879 # Check for __attribute__ packed, prefer __packed
5880                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5881                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bpacked\b/) {
5882                         WARN("PREFER_PACKED",
5883                              "__packed is preferred over __attribute__((packed))\n" . $herecurr);
5884                 }
5885
5886 # Check for __attribute__ aligned, prefer __aligned
5887                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5888                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*aligned/) {
5889                         WARN("PREFER_ALIGNED",
5890                              "__aligned(size) is preferred over __attribute__((aligned(size)))\n" . $herecurr);
5891                 }
5892
5893 # Check for __attribute__ section, prefer __section
5894                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5895                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*_*section_*\s*\(\s*("[^"]*")/) {
5896                         my $old = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
5897                         my $new = substr($old, 1, -1);
5898                         if (WARN("PREFER_SECTION",
5899                                  "__section($new) is preferred over __attribute__((section($old)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5900                             $fix) {
5901                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*_*section_*\s*\(\s*\Q$old\E\s*\)\s*\)\s*\)/__section($new)/;
5902                         }
5903                 }
5904
5905 # Check for __attribute__ format(printf, prefer __printf
5906                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5907                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf/) {
5908                         if (WARN("PREFER_PRINTF",
5909                                  "__printf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(printf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5910                             $fix) {
5911                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__printf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5912
5913                         }
5914                 }
5915
5916 # Check for __attribute__ format(scanf, prefer __scanf
5917                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5918                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\b/) {
5919                         if (WARN("PREFER_SCANF",
5920                                  "__scanf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(scanf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5921                             $fix) {
5922                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__scanf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5923                         }
5924                 }
5925
5926 # Check for __attribute__ weak, or __weak declarations (may have link issues)
5927                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5928                     $line =~ /(?:$Declare|$DeclareMisordered)\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Attribute)?\s*;/ &&
5929                     ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bweak\b/ ||
5930                      $line =~ /\b__weak\b/)) {
5931                         ERROR("WEAK_DECLARATION",
5932                               "Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects\n" . $herecurr);
5933                 }
5934
5935 # check for c99 types like uint8_t used outside of uapi/ and tools/
5936                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5937                     $realfile !~ m@\btools/@ &&
5938                     $line =~ /\b($Declare)\s*$Ident\s*[=;,\[]/) {
5939                         my $type = $1;
5940                         if ($type =~ /\b($typeC99Typedefs)\b/) {
5941                                 $type = $1;
5942                                 my $kernel_type = 'u';
5943                                 $kernel_type = 's' if ($type =~ /^_*[si]/);
5944                                 $type =~ /(\d+)/;
5945                                 $kernel_type .= $1;
5946                                 if (CHK("PREFER_KERNEL_TYPES",
5947                                         "Prefer kernel type '$kernel_type' over '$type'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5948                                     $fix) {
5949                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$type\b/$kernel_type/;
5950                                 }
5951                         }
5952                 }
5953
5954 # check for cast of C90 native int or longer types constants
5955                 if ($line =~ /(\(\s*$C90_int_types\s*\)\s*)($Constant)\b/) {
5956                         my $cast = $1;
5957                         my $const = $2;
5958                         if (WARN("TYPECAST_INT_CONSTANT",
5959                                  "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant\n" . $herecurr) &&
5960                             $fix) {
5961                                 my $suffix = "";
5962                                 my $newconst = $const;
5963                                 $newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
5964                                 $suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
5965                                 if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
5966                                         $suffix .= 'LL';
5967                                 } elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
5968                                         $suffix .= 'L';
5969                                 }
5970                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$cast\E$const\b/$newconst$suffix/;
5971                         }
5972                 }
5973
5974 # check for sizeof(&)
5975                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
5976                         WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
5977                              "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5978                 }
5979
5980 # check for sizeof without parenthesis
5981                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
5982                         if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
5983                                  "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
5984                             $fix) {
5985                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5986                         }
5987                 }
5988
5989 # check for struct spinlock declarations
5990                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
5991                         WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
5992                              "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
5993                 }
5994
5995 # check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
5996                 if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
5997                         my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
5998                         $fmt =~ s/%%//g;
5999                         if ($fmt !~ /%/) {
6000                                 if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
6001                                          "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
6002                                     $fix) {
6003                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
6004                                 }
6005                         }
6006                 }
6007
6008 # check for vsprintf extension %p<foo> misuses
6009                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6010                     defined $stat &&
6011                     $stat =~ /^\+(?![^\{]*\{\s*).*\b(\w+)\s*\(.*$String\s*,/s &&
6012                     $1 !~ /^_*volatile_*$/) {
6013                         my $stat_real;
6014
6015                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6016                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6017                         for (my $count = $linenr; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
6018                                 my $specifier;
6019                                 my $extension;
6020                                 my $bad_specifier = "";
6021                                 my $fmt = get_quoted_string($lines[$count - 1], raw_line($count, 0));
6022                                 $fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6023
6024                                 while ($fmt =~ /(\%[\*\d\.]*p(\w))/g) {
6025                                         $specifier = $1;
6026                                         $extension = $2;
6027                                         if ($extension !~ /[SsBKRraEhMmIiUDdgVCbGNOxt]/) {
6028                                                 $bad_specifier = $specifier;
6029                                                 last;
6030                                         }
6031                                         if ($extension eq "x" && !defined($stat_real)) {
6032                                                 if (!defined($stat_real)) {
6033                                                         $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6034                                                 }
6035                                                 WARN("VSPRINTF_SPECIFIER_PX",
6036                                                      "Using vsprintf specifier '\%px' potentially exposes the kernel memory layout, if you don't really need the address please consider using '\%p'.\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6037                                         }
6038                                 }
6039                                 if ($bad_specifier ne "") {
6040                                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6041                                         my $ext_type = "Invalid";
6042                                         my $use = "";
6043                                         if ($bad_specifier =~ /p[Ff]/) {
6044                                                 $ext_type = "Deprecated";
6045                                                 $use = " - use %pS instead";
6046                                                 $use =~ s/pS/ps/ if ($bad_specifier =~ /pf/);
6047                                         }
6048
6049                                         WARN("VSPRINTF_POINTER_EXTENSION",
6050                                              "$ext_type vsprintf pointer extension '$bad_specifier'$use\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6051                                 }
6052                         }
6053                 }
6054
6055 # Check for misused memsets
6056                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6057                     defined $stat &&
6058                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6059
6060                         my $ms_addr = $2;
6061                         my $ms_val = $7;
6062                         my $ms_size = $12;
6063
6064                         if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
6065                                 ERROR("MEMSET",
6066                                       "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6067                         } elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
6068                                 WARN("MEMSET",
6069                                      "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6070                         }
6071                 }
6072
6073 # Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
6074 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6075 #                   defined $stat &&
6076 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6077 #                       if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
6078 #                                "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6079 #                           $fix) {
6080 #                               $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
6081 #                       }
6082 #               }
6083
6084 # Check for memcmp(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_equal*(foo, bar)
6085 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6086 #                   defined $stat &&
6087 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcmp\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6088 #                       WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_EQUAL",
6089 #                            "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n")
6090 #               }
6091
6092 # check for memset(foo, 0x0, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_zero_addr
6093 # check for memset(foo, 0xFF, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_broadcast_addr
6094 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6095 #                   defined $stat &&
6096 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6097 #
6098 #                       my $ms_val = $7;
6099 #
6100 #                       if ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0x|)0+$/i) {
6101 #                               if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_ZERO_ADDR",
6102 #                                        "Prefer eth_zero_addr over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6103 #                                   $fix) {
6104 #                                       $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_zero_addr($2)/;
6105 #                               }
6106 #                       } elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0xff|255)$/i) {
6107 #                               if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_BROADCAST_ADDR",
6108 #                                        "Prefer eth_broadcast_addr() over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6109 #                                   $fix) {
6110 #                                       $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_broadcast_addr($2)/;
6111 #                               }
6112 #                       }
6113 #               }
6114
6115 # typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
6116                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6117                     defined $stat &&
6118                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6119                         if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
6120                                 my $call = $1;
6121                                 my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
6122                                 my $arg1 = $3;
6123                                 my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
6124                                 my $arg2 = $8;
6125                                 my $cast;
6126
6127                                 if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
6128                                         $cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
6129                                 } elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
6130                                         $cast = $cast1;
6131                                 } else {
6132                                         $cast = $cast2;
6133                                 }
6134                                 WARN("MINMAX",
6135                                      "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6136                         }
6137                 }
6138
6139 # check usleep_range arguments
6140                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6141                     defined $stat &&
6142                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
6143                         my $min = $1;
6144                         my $max = $7;
6145                         if ($min eq $max) {
6146                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6147                                      "usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6148                         } elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
6149                                  $min > $max) {
6150                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6151                                      "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6152                         }
6153                 }
6154
6155 # check for naked sscanf
6156                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6157                     defined $stat &&
6158                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
6159                     ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
6160                      $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
6161                      $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
6162                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6163                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6164                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6165                         WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
6166                              "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6167                 }
6168
6169 # check for simple sscanf that should be kstrto<foo>
6170                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6171                     defined $stat &&
6172                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/) {
6173                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6174                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6175                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6176                         if ($stat_real =~ /\bsscanf\b\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*("[^"]+")/) {
6177                                 my $format = $6;
6178                                 my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@;
6179                                 if ($count == 1 &&
6180                                     $format =~ /^"\%(?i:ll[udxi]|[udxi]ll|ll|[hl]h?[udxi]|[udxi][hl]h?|[hl]h?|[udxi])"$/) {
6181                                         WARN("SSCANF_TO_KSTRTO",
6182                                              "Prefer kstrto<type> to single variable sscanf\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6183                                 }
6184                         }
6185                 }
6186
6187 # check for new externs in .h files.
6188                 if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
6189                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
6190                         if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6191                                 "extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
6192                             $fix) {
6193                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
6194                         }
6195                 }
6196
6197 # check for new externs in .c files.
6198                 if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
6199                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
6200                 {
6201                         my $function_name = $1;
6202                         my $paren_space = $2;
6203
6204                         my $s = $stat;
6205                         if (defined $cond) {
6206                                 substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
6207                         }
6208                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/ &&
6209                             $function_name ne 'uninitialized_var')
6210                         {
6211                                 WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6212                                      "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
6213                         }
6214
6215                         if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
6216                                 WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
6217                                      "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
6218                         }
6219
6220                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
6221                     $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
6222                 {
6223                         WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6224                              "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
6225                 }
6226
6227 # check for function declarations that have arguments without identifier names
6228                 if (defined $stat &&
6229                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*\(\s*([^{]+)\s*\)\s*;/s &&
6230                     $1 ne "void") {
6231                         my $args = trim($1);
6232                         while ($args =~ m/\s*($Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident?\s*\)\s*$balanced_parens)?)/g) {
6233                                 my $arg = trim($1);
6234                                 if ($arg =~ /^$Type$/ && $arg !~ /enum\s+$Ident$/) {
6235                                         WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
6236                                              "function definition argument '$arg' should also have an identifier name\n" . $herecurr);
6237                                 }
6238                         }
6239                 }
6240
6241 # check for function definitions
6242                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6243                     defined $stat &&
6244                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*($Ident)\s*$balanced_parens\s*{/s) {
6245                         $context_function = $1;
6246
6247 # check for multiline function definition with misplaced open brace
6248                         my $ok = 0;
6249                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6250                         my $herectx = $here . "\n";
6251                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
6252                                 my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
6253                                 $herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
6254                                 $ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /^[ \+]\{/);
6255                                 $ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /\{/ && $n == 0);
6256                                 last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
6257                         }
6258                         if (!$ok) {
6259                                 ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
6260                                       "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herectx);
6261                         }
6262                 }
6263
6264 # checks for new __setup's
6265                 if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
6266                         my $name = $1;
6267
6268                         if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
6269                                 CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
6270                                     "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6271                         }
6272                 }
6273
6274 # check for pointless casting of alloc functions
6275                 if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*$allocFunctions\b/) {
6276                         WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
6277                              "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
6278                 }
6279
6280 # alloc style
6281 # p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
6282                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6283                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k|v)[mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
6284                         CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
6285                             "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
6286                 }
6287
6288 # check for k[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kcalloc
6289                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6290                     defined $stat &&
6291                     $stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
6292                         my $oldfunc = $3;
6293                         my $a1 = $4;
6294                         my $a2 = $10;
6295                         my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
6296                         $newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
6297                         my $r1 = $a1;
6298                         my $r2 = $a2;
6299                         if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
6300                                 $r1 = $a2;
6301                                 $r2 = $a1;
6302                         }
6303                         if ($r1 !~ /^sizeof\b/ && $r2 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/ &&
6304                             !($r1 =~ /^$Constant$/ || $r1 =~ /^[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*$/)) {
6305                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6306                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6307
6308                                 if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_MULTIPLY",
6309                                          "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herectx) &&
6310                                     $cnt == 1 &&
6311                                     $fix) {
6312                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
6313                                 }
6314                         }
6315                 }
6316
6317 # check for krealloc arg reuse
6318                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6319                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*,/ &&
6320                     $1 eq $3) {
6321                         WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
6322                              "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
6323                 }
6324
6325 # check for alloc argument mismatch
6326                 if ($line =~ /\b(kcalloc|kmalloc_array)\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
6327                         WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
6328                              "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
6329                 }
6330
6331 # check for multiple semicolons
6332                 if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
6333                         if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
6334                                  "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
6335                             $fix) {
6336                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
6337                         }
6338                 }
6339
6340 # check for #defines like: 1 << <digit> that could be BIT(digit), it is not exported to uapi
6341                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
6342                     $line =~ /#\s*define\s+\w+\s+\(?\s*1\s*([ulUL]*)\s*\<\<\s*(?:\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/) {
6343                         my $ull = "";
6344                         $ull = "_ULL" if (defined($1) && $1 =~ /ll/i);
6345                         if (CHK("BIT_MACRO",
6346                                 "Prefer using the BIT$ull macro\n" . $herecurr) &&
6347                             $fix) {
6348                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(?\s*1\s*[ulUL]*\s*<<\s*(\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/BIT${ull}($1)/;
6349                         }
6350                 }
6351
6352 # check for #if defined CONFIG_<FOO> || defined CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE
6353                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(CONFIG_[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
6354                         my $config = $1;
6355                         if (WARN("PREFER_IS_ENABLED",
6356                                  "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to CONFIG_<FOO> || CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
6357                             $fix) {
6358                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+#if IS_ENABLED($config)";
6359                         }
6360                 }
6361
6362 # check for case / default statements not preceded by break/fallthrough/switch
6363                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)\s*|default):/) {
6364                         my $has_break = 0;
6365                         my $has_statement = 0;
6366                         my $count = 0;
6367                         my $prevline = $linenr;
6368                         while ($prevline > 1 && ($file || $count < 3) && !$has_break) {
6369                                 $prevline--;
6370                                 my $rline = $rawlines[$prevline - 1];
6371                                 my $fline = $lines[$prevline - 1];
6372                                 last if ($fline =~ /^\@\@/);
6373                                 next if ($fline =~ /^\-/);
6374                                 next if ($fline =~ /^.(?:\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)[\s$;]*|default):[\s$;]*)*$/);
6375                                 $has_break = 1 if ($rline =~ /fall[\s_-]*(through|thru)/i);
6376                                 next if ($fline =~ /^.[\s$;]*$/);
6377                                 $has_statement = 1;
6378                                 $count++;
6379                                 $has_break = 1 if ($fline =~ /\bswitch\b|\b(?:break\s*;[\s$;]*$|exit\s*\(\b|return\b|goto\b|continue\b)/);
6380                         }
6381                         if (!$has_break && $has_statement) {
6382                                 WARN("MISSING_BREAK",
6383                                      "Possible switch case/default not preceded by break or fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
6384                         }
6385                 }
6386
6387 # check for switch/default statements without a break;
6388                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6389                     defined $stat &&
6390                     $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
6391                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6392                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6393
6394                         WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
6395                              "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
6396                 }
6397
6398 # check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
6399                 if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
6400                         if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
6401                                  "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
6402                             $fix) {
6403                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
6404                         }
6405                 }
6406
6407 # check for uses of __DATE__, __TIME__, __TIMESTAMP__
6408                 while ($line =~ /\b(__(?:DATE|TIME|TIMESTAMP)__)\b/g) {
6409                         ERROR("DATE_TIME",
6410                               "Use of the '$1' macro makes the build non-deterministic\n" . $herecurr);
6411                 }
6412
6413 # check for use of yield()
6414                 if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
6415                         WARN("YIELD",
6416                              "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
6417                 }
6418
6419 # check for comparisons against true and false
6420                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
6421                         my $lead = $1;
6422                         my $arg = $2;
6423                         my $test = $3;
6424                         my $otype = $4;
6425                         my $trail = $5;
6426                         my $op = "!";
6427
6428                         ($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
6429
6430                         my $type = lc($otype);
6431                         if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
6432                                 if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
6433                                     ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
6434                                         $op = "";
6435                                 }
6436
6437                                 CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
6438                                     "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
6439
6440 ## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
6441 ##                                  "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
6442
6443                         }
6444                 }
6445
6446 # check for semaphores initialized locked
6447                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
6448                         WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
6449                              "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
6450                 }
6451
6452 # recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
6453                 if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
6454                         WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
6455                              "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
6456                 }
6457
6458 # check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly or more appropriate function please
6459                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
6460                         WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
6461                              "please use device_initcall() or more appropriate function instead of __initcall() (see include/linux/init.h)\n" . $herecurr);
6462                 }
6463
6464 # check for spin_is_locked(), suggest lockdep instead
6465                 if ($line =~ /\bspin_is_locked\(/) {
6466                         WARN("USE_LOCKDEP",
6467                              "Where possible, use lockdep_assert_held instead of assertions based on spin_is_locked\n" . $herecurr);
6468                 }
6469
6470 # check for deprecated apis
6471                 if ($line =~ /\b($deprecated_apis_search)\b\s*\(/) {
6472                         my $deprecated_api = $1;
6473                         my $new_api = $deprecated_apis{$deprecated_api};
6474                         WARN("DEPRECATED_API",
6475                              "Deprecated use of '$deprecated_api', prefer '$new_api' instead\n" . $herecurr);
6476                 }
6477
6478 # check for various structs that are normally const (ops, kgdb, device_tree)
6479 # and avoid what seem like struct definitions 'struct foo {'
6480                 if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
6481                     $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($const_structs)\b(?!\s*\{)/) {
6482                         WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
6483                              "struct $1 should normally be const\n" . $herecurr);
6484                 }
6485
6486 # use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
6487 # ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
6488                 if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
6489                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
6490                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
6491                     $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
6492                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
6493                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/)
6494                 {
6495                         WARN("NR_CPUS",
6496                              "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
6497                 }
6498
6499 # Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
6500                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
6501                         ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
6502                               "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
6503                 }
6504
6505 # likely/unlikely comparisons similar to "(likely(foo) > 0)"
6506                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6507                     $line =~ /\b((?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*\)\s*$Compare/) {
6508                         WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
6509                              "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
6510                 }
6511
6512 # nested likely/unlikely calls
6513                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*!?\s*(IS_ERR(?:_OR_NULL|_VALUE)?|WARN)/) {
6514                         WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
6515                              "nested (un)?likely() calls, $1 already uses unlikely() internally\n" . $herecurr);
6516                 }
6517
6518 # whine mightly about in_atomic
6519                 if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
6520                         if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
6521                                 ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
6522                                       "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
6523                         } elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
6524                                 WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
6525                                      "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
6526                         }
6527                 }
6528
6529 # check for mutex_trylock_recursive usage
6530                 if ($line =~ /mutex_trylock_recursive/) {
6531                         ERROR("LOCKING",
6532                               "recursive locking is bad, do not use this ever.\n" . $herecurr);
6533                 }
6534
6535 # check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
6536                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
6537                     $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
6538                         if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
6539                             $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
6540                             $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
6541                                 ERROR("LOCKDEP",
6542                                       "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
6543                         }
6544                 }
6545
6546                 if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_\w+.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/ ||
6547                     $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/) {
6548                         WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
6549                              "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
6550                 }
6551
6552 # check for DEVICE_ATTR uses that could be DEVICE_ATTR_<FOO>
6553 # and whether or not function naming is typical and if
6554 # DEVICE_ATTR permissions uses are unusual too
6555                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6556                     defined $stat &&
6557                     $stat =~ /\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*\(?\s*(\s*(?:${multi_mode_perms_string_search}|0[0-7]{3,3})\s*)\s*\)?\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*\)/) {
6558                         my $var = $1;
6559                         my $perms = $2;
6560                         my $show = $3;
6561                         my $store = $4;
6562                         my $octal_perms = perms_to_octal($perms);
6563                         if ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
6564                             $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
6565                             $octal_perms eq "0644") {
6566                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RW",
6567                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RW\n" . $herecurr) &&
6568                                     $fix) {
6569                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RW(${var})/;
6570                                 }
6571                         } elsif ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
6572                                  $store =~ /^NULL$/ &&
6573                                  $octal_perms eq "0444") {
6574                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RO",
6575                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RO\n" . $herecurr) &&
6576                                     $fix) {
6577                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*NULL\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RO(${var})/;
6578                                 }
6579                         } elsif ($show =~ /^NULL$/ &&
6580                                  $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
6581                                  $octal_perms eq "0200") {
6582                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_WO",
6583                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_WO\n" . $herecurr) &&
6584                                     $fix) {
6585                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*NULL\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_WO(${var})/;
6586                                 }
6587                         } elsif ($octal_perms eq "0644" ||
6588                                  $octal_perms eq "0444" ||
6589                                  $octal_perms eq "0200") {
6590                                 my $newshow = "$show";
6591                                 $newshow = "${var}_show" if ($show ne "NULL" && $show ne "${var}_show");
6592                                 my $newstore = $store;
6593                                 $newstore = "${var}_store" if ($store ne "NULL" && $store ne "${var}_store");
6594                                 my $rename = "";
6595                                 if ($show ne $newshow) {
6596                                         $rename .= " '$show' to '$newshow'";
6597                                 }
6598                                 if ($store ne $newstore) {
6599                                         $rename .= " '$store' to '$newstore'";
6600                                 }
6601                                 WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_FUNCTIONS",
6602                                      "Consider renaming function(s)$rename\n" . $herecurr);
6603                         } else {
6604                                 WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_PERMS",
6605                                      "DEVICE_ATTR unusual permissions '$perms' used\n" . $herecurr);
6606                         }
6607                 }
6608
6609 # Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
6610 # This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
6611 # o Ignore module_param*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that has a
6612 #   specific definition of not visible in sysfs.
6613 # o Ignore proc_create*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that means
6614 #   use the default permissions
6615                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6616                     defined $stat &&
6617                     $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
6618                         foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
6619                                 my $func = $entry->[0];
6620                                 my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
6621
6622                                 my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6623                                 $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6624                                 my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6625
6626                                 my $skip_args = "";
6627                                 if ($arg_pos > 1) {
6628                                         $arg_pos--;
6629                                         $skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
6630                                 }
6631                                 my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}($FuncArg(?:\\|\\s*$FuncArg)*)\\s*[,\\)]";
6632                                 if ($stat =~ /$test/) {
6633                                         my $val = $1;
6634                                         $val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
6635                                         if (!($func =~ /^(?:module_param|proc_create)/ && $val eq "0") &&
6636                                             (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
6637                                              ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && length($val) ne 4))) {
6638                                                 ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
6639                                                       "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
6640                                         }
6641                                         if ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && (oct($val) & 02)) {
6642                                                 ERROR("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
6643                                                       "Exporting writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
6644                                         }
6645                                 }
6646                         }
6647                 }
6648
6649 # check for uses of S_<PERMS> that could be octal for readability
6650                 while ($line =~ m{\b($multi_mode_perms_string_search)\b}g) {
6651                         my $oval = $1;
6652                         my $octal = perms_to_octal($oval);
6653                         if (WARN("SYMBOLIC_PERMS",
6654                                  "Symbolic permissions '$oval' are not preferred. Consider using octal permissions '$octal'.\n" . $herecurr) &&
6655                             $fix) {
6656                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$oval\E/$octal/;
6657                         }
6658                 }
6659
6660 # validate content of MODULE_LICENSE against list from include/linux/module.h
6661                 if ($line =~ /\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*($String)\s*\)/) {
6662                         my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6663                         my $valid_licenses = qr{
6664                                                 GPL|
6665                                                 GPL\ v2|
6666                                                 GPL\ and\ additional\ rights|
6667                                                 Dual\ BSD/GPL|
6668                                                 Dual\ MIT/GPL|
6669                                                 Dual\ MPL/GPL|
6670                                                 Proprietary
6671                                         }x;
6672                         if ($extracted_string !~ /^"(?:$valid_licenses)"$/x) {
6673                                 WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
6674                                      "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
6675                         }
6676                 }
6677
6678 # check for sysctl duplicate constants
6679                 if ($line =~ /\.extra[12]\s*=\s*&(zero|one|int_max)\b/) {
6680                         WARN("DUPLICATED_SYSCTL_CONST",
6681                                 "duplicated sysctl range checking value '$1', consider using the shared one in include/linux/sysctl.h\n" . $herecurr);
6682                 }
6683         }
6684
6685         # If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
6686         # so just keep quiet.
6687         if ($#rawlines == -1) {
6688                 exit(0);
6689         }
6690
6691         # In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
6692         # things that appear to be patches.
6693         if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
6694                 exit(0);
6695         }
6696
6697         # This is not a patch, and we are are in 'no-patch' mode so
6698         # just keep quiet.
6699         if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
6700                 exit(0);
6701         }
6702
6703         if (!$is_patch && $filename !~ /cover-letter\.patch$/) {
6704                 ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
6705                       "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
6706         }
6707         if ($is_patch && $has_commit_log && $chk_signoff) {
6708                 if ($signoff == 0) {
6709                         ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
6710                               "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
6711                 } elsif (!$authorsignoff) {
6712                         WARN("NO_AUTHOR_SIGN_OFF",
6713                              "Missing Signed-off-by: line by nominal patch author '$author'\n");
6714                 }
6715         }
6716
6717         print report_dump();
6718         if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
6719                 print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
6720                 print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
6721                         (($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
6722                         "$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
6723         }
6724
6725         if ($quiet == 0) {
6726                 # If there were any defects found and not already fixing them
6727                 if (!$clean and !$fix) {
6728                         print << "EOM"
6729
6730 NOTE: For some of the reported defects, checkpatch may be able to
6731       mechanically convert to the typical style using --fix or --fix-inplace.
6732 EOM
6733                 }
6734                 # If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
6735                 # then suggest that.
6736                 if ($rpt_cleaners) {
6737                         $rpt_cleaners = 0;
6738                         print << "EOM"
6739
6740 NOTE: Whitespace errors detected.
6741       You may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or scripts/cleanfile
6742 EOM
6743                 }
6744         }
6745
6746         if ($clean == 0 && $fix &&
6747             ("@rawlines" ne "@fixed" ||
6748              $#fixed_inserted >= 0 || $#fixed_deleted >= 0)) {
6749                 my $newfile = $filename;
6750                 $newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
6751                 my $linecount = 0;
6752                 my $f;
6753
6754                 @fixed = fix_inserted_deleted_lines(\@fixed, \@fixed_inserted, \@fixed_deleted);
6755
6756                 open($f, '>', $newfile)
6757                     or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
6758                 foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
6759                         $linecount++;
6760                         if ($file) {
6761                                 if ($linecount > 3) {
6762                                         $fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
6763                                         print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
6764                                 }
6765                         } else {
6766                                 print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
6767                         }
6768                 }
6769                 close($f);
6770
6771                 if (!$quiet) {
6772                         print << "EOM";
6773
6774 Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
6775
6776 Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
6777 Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
6778
6779 This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
6780 No warranties, expressed or implied...
6781 EOM
6782                 }
6783         }
6784
6785         if ($quiet == 0) {
6786                 print "\n";
6787                 if ($clean == 1) {
6788                         print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n";
6789                 } else {
6790                         print "$vname has style problems, please review.\n";
6791                 }
6792         }
6793         return $clean;
6794 }