1 == How to write iotivity build script ==
3 Iotivity projects are built with Scons. Scons is a cross-platform build tool,
4 it's quite similar to 'make'. 'SConstruct' is the entrance of scons build, it's
5 equivalent to 'Makefile' to 'make'.
7 This document only a brief reference. Detail about how to write scons script,
9 http://www.scons.org/doc/production/HTML/scons-user.html#
11 == Background: How to control source code compiling ==
13 Environment is a base conception of Scons. An environment is a collection of
14 values that can affect how a program is built.
16 e.g. There is a C file named hello.c, enter the following into a file named
19 env.Program('H', 'hello.c')
21 When run Scons in console, following will be executed:
22 cc -o hello.o -c hello.c
25 If you would like keep debug information in the binary, '-g' flag should be added
26 when build the source code. To do this, append a C compiler flags as following:
28 env.AppendUnique(CFLAGS = ['-g'])
29 env.Program('H', 'hello.c')
31 When run Scons, following will be executed:
32 cc -o hello.o -c -g hello.c
35 In above example, 'CFLAGS' is changed. Following list the frequently used keys:
37 CFLAGS: General options that are passed to the C compiler
38 CCFLAGS: General options that are passed to the C & C++ compiler
39 CXXFLAGS: General options that are passed to the C++ compiler
40 CPPPATH: The directories that the preprocessor will search for include headers.
41 CPPDEFINES: Platform independent specification of C preprocessor definitions.
43 Note: CPPPATH and CPPDEFINES is common for all compiler. But others are
44 compiler specific, when change the key value, it may requried to specify the
45 target platform(actually the compiler).
48 env.AppendUnique(CPPPATH = ['.', 'include'])
49 env.AppendUnique(CPPDEFINES = ['NDEBUG', 'VER_TEST'])
50 Above two lines are fine for all target platform. but below line:
51 env.AppenUnique(CXXFLAGS = ['-g'])
52 is only fine for gcc compiler, as '-g' is a gcc flag, other compiler may don't
53 understand it. so it may should be:
54 if target_os not in ['windows', 'winrt']:
55 env.AppenUnique(CXXFLAGS = ['-g'])
57 Still take the hello.c as example. Assume hello.h is in ./include/ directory,
59 int main(int argc, char** argv)
68 The Scons configure file should as following:
70 env.AppendUnique(CFLAGS = ['-g'])
71 env.AppendUnique(CPPPATH = ['include'])
72 env.AppendUnique(CPPDEFINES = ['LANG_FR'])
73 env.Program('H', 'hello.c')
75 When run Scons, following will be executed:
76 cc -o hello.o -c -g -Iinclude -DLANG_FR hello.c
79 === Get extra information ===
81 In above example, 'target_os' is used. How to get it?
83 User can build iotivity project on linux / windows / MAC OSX for various
84 targets(Linux, Tizen, Android, Arduino, Windows, MAC OSX, IOS ...). Most
85 platform specific configures have been done in the common scripts whitch are in
86 build_common. The common scripts prepare an environment named 'env' with
87 target platform specific configuration.
89 When write iotivity project build script, you can get this environment as
93 You can use 'env' directly after import it. You can also clone a new environment
96 new_env1 = Clone('env')
97 new_env2 = Clone('env')
98 new_env1.AppendUnqiue(xxx = [...])
99 new_env2.AppendUnqiue(xxx = [...])
101 The 'env' environment contains platform specific configuration, besides, there is
102 some common information. You can get the information with following line:
105 XXX is the information name, below are the extra information added by iotivity
107 BUILD_DIR: the path of the build directory
108 SRC_DIR: the path of the top directory of the source code
109 OIC_UTILS: the path of oic-utilities project
110 RELEASE: boolean. True - release build, False - debug build
111 TARGET_OS: the name of the target OS. The possible value depends on the host
112 platform. Bellow is the list of host and possible target OS. (darwin means
114 linux: linux / android / arduino
115 (the line means on linux, you can build the project for linux/android/arduino)
116 windows: windows / winrt / android / arduino
117 darwin: darwin / ios / android / arduino
119 TARGET_ARCH: the target CPU arch. Its possible value depend on the target OS
120 Bellow list the target OS and allowed CPU architecture.
121 linux: x86 / x86_64 / arm / arm64
122 (above line means if the target OS is linux, the CPU arch can be x86/x86_64/arm/arm64)
123 android: x86 / x86_64 / armeabi / armeabi-v7a / armeabi-v7a-hard / arm64-v8a
124 windows: x86 / amd64 / arm
126 darwin: i386 / x86_64
127 ios: i386 / x86_64 / armv7 / armv7s / arm64,
130 === Extra functions ===
132 For convenience, in the common scripts, some extra functions are added.
134 PrintTargets(): print all targets in the help information.
135 AppendTarget(target): add 'target' into targets list, when use PrintTargets,
136 the 'target' will be print.
137 InstallTarget(files, name): it takes the same action as AppendTarget, besides,
138 it installs the 'files' to BUILD_DIR.
140 Following functions are only for Arduino:
141 ImportLib(lib): Arduino IDE includes many libraries. To control the binary size,
142 by default, no library is used. If your project use some libraries, you can
143 import the lib with this function. 'lib' is the name of the lib to import.
144 The include path will be auto added to the environment and the library will be
145 built and linked into the final binary.
147 CreateBin('bin', src): For Arduino, after build the program, it's required to
148 be converted into specific format (e.g .hex). This function will genearate the
149 required .hex (and .eep if target arch is avr) file.
151 UploadHelp(): For different board, the upload command line is different, this
152 function print the recommended upload command line. You can see the recommended
153 upload command line in the help information.
155 ==== Scripts Hierarchy ====
157 Scons provides a function 'SConscript(scripts, [exports, variant_dir, duplicate])'
158 It tells scons to execute one or more subsidiary configuration files(A script,
159 usually named SConscript). Take below project hierarchy as example to show how
160 to organize the scripts.
164 | |--------sub_prj_11
165 | |--------sub_prj_..
166 | |--------sub_prj_1n
173 As above project hierarchy, in 'SConstruct' file in the 'prj' directory, there
174 should include some lines like these:
176 #Please change this part according to the organization of your projects.
177 #Note: To make the output is in build_dir, the path of the scripts should
178 #be relevant to build_dir
179 SConscript(build_dir + 'prj_1/SConscript')
180 SConscript(build_dir + 'prj_2/SConscript')
182 SConscript(build_dir + 'prj_n/SConscript')
185 It's the same, in the 'prj_1/SConscript', there should include lines like
187 SConscript('sub_prj_11/SConscript')
189 SConscript('sub_prj_1n/SConscript')
191 The path is relevant to 'prj_1/SConscript'. You can also use the full path
192 build_dir + 'prj_1/sub_prj_1x/SConscript', but it's not recommended.
194 Above just to show a usual way to manage subsidiary scripts. You don't need
195 restrictly follow it.
197 ==== The content of a typical script ====
199 After run the scripts in build_common (usally it's done at the beginning of
200 SConstruct), an global environment 'env' is exported, 'env' has include the
201 default configuration of the target OS and arch. 'env' is used in all projects,
202 should avoid to change its keys. To avoid change 'env', usually clone 'env' and
203 update it accroding to the requirement of cuurent sub project. Then specify the
204 target(usually binary) to build.
207 # import the global enviroment 'env'
210 # Clone a new enviroment from 'env'
211 new_env = env.Clone()
213 # Update the new enviroment, usally include add header file paths,
214 # library path, libs to link and other compiler flags. This part is
215 # optional. If not present, the default configuration will be used
216 new_env.AppeneUnique(xxx = [ .... ])
218 # Specify the target(application, library, object or others) to build
219 ts = new_env.Program('progam_name', [source_list])
221 # Install the target (optional)
222 new_env.InstallTarget(ts, 'target_name')
224 new_env.Alias('target_name', ts)
225 new_env.AppendTarget('target_name')
228 1. library order: if A lib use B lib, both A and B are linked to target T, the
229 when specify libraries, A should in front of B, otherwise there may be link
232 (1)'pthread' is in libc. So don't use '-lpthread' for android
233 (2)By default 'rtti' and 'exception' is disabled, to enable it, you need
234 add flags '-frtti' and '-fexceptions'
235 (3)If STL is used, need link 'gnustl_static' library