1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /* DataCenter TCP (DCTCP) congestion control.
4 * http://simula.stanford.edu/~alizade/Site/DCTCP.html
6 * This is an implementation of DCTCP over Reno, an enhancement to the
7 * TCP congestion control algorithm designed for data centers. DCTCP
8 * leverages Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) in the network to
9 * provide multi-bit feedback to the end hosts. DCTCP's goal is to meet
10 * the following three data center transport requirements:
12 * - High burst tolerance (incast due to partition/aggregate)
13 * - Low latency (short flows, queries)
14 * - High throughput (continuous data updates, large file transfers)
15 * with commodity shallow buffered switches
17 * The algorithm is described in detail in the following two papers:
19 * 1) Mohammad Alizadeh, Albert Greenberg, David A. Maltz, Jitendra Padhye,
20 * Parveen Patel, Balaji Prabhakar, Sudipta Sengupta, and Murari Sridharan:
21 * "Data Center TCP (DCTCP)", Data Center Networks session
22 * Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, New Delhi, 2010.
23 * http://simula.stanford.edu/~alizade/Site/DCTCP_files/dctcp-final.pdf
25 * 2) Mohammad Alizadeh, Adel Javanmard, and Balaji Prabhakar:
26 * "Analysis of DCTCP: Stability, Convergence, and Fairness"
27 * Proc. ACM SIGMETRICS, San Jose, 2011.
28 * http://simula.stanford.edu/~alizade/Site/DCTCP_files/dctcp_analysis-full.pdf
30 * Initial prototype from Abdul Kabbani, Masato Yasuda and Mohammad Alizadeh.
34 * Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
35 * Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
36 * Glenn Judd <glenn.judd@morganstanley.com>
39 #include <linux/btf.h>
40 #include <linux/btf_ids.h>
41 #include <linux/module.h>
44 #include <linux/inet_diag.h>
45 #include "tcp_dctcp.h"
47 #define DCTCP_MAX_ALPHA 1024U
57 struct tcp_plb_state plb;
60 static unsigned int dctcp_shift_g __read_mostly = 4; /* g = 1/2^4 */
61 module_param(dctcp_shift_g, uint, 0644);
62 MODULE_PARM_DESC(dctcp_shift_g, "parameter g for updating dctcp_alpha");
64 static unsigned int dctcp_alpha_on_init __read_mostly = DCTCP_MAX_ALPHA;
65 module_param(dctcp_alpha_on_init, uint, 0644);
66 MODULE_PARM_DESC(dctcp_alpha_on_init, "parameter for initial alpha value");
68 static struct tcp_congestion_ops dctcp_reno;
70 static void dctcp_reset(const struct tcp_sock *tp, struct dctcp *ca)
72 ca->next_seq = tp->snd_nxt;
74 ca->old_delivered = tp->delivered;
75 ca->old_delivered_ce = tp->delivered_ce;
78 __bpf_kfunc static void dctcp_init(struct sock *sk)
80 const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
82 if ((tp->ecn_flags & TCP_ECN_OK) ||
83 (sk->sk_state == TCP_LISTEN ||
84 sk->sk_state == TCP_CLOSE)) {
85 struct dctcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
87 ca->prior_rcv_nxt = tp->rcv_nxt;
89 ca->dctcp_alpha = min(dctcp_alpha_on_init, DCTCP_MAX_ALPHA);
95 tcp_plb_init(sk, &ca->plb);
100 /* No ECN support? Fall back to Reno. Also need to clear
101 * ECT from sk since it is set during 3WHS for DCTCP.
103 inet_csk(sk)->icsk_ca_ops = &dctcp_reno;
104 INET_ECN_dontxmit(sk);
107 __bpf_kfunc static u32 dctcp_ssthresh(struct sock *sk)
109 struct dctcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
110 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
112 ca->loss_cwnd = tcp_snd_cwnd(tp);
113 return max(tcp_snd_cwnd(tp) - ((tcp_snd_cwnd(tp) * ca->dctcp_alpha) >> 11U), 2U);
116 __bpf_kfunc static void dctcp_update_alpha(struct sock *sk, u32 flags)
118 const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
119 struct dctcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
122 if (!before(tp->snd_una, ca->next_seq)) {
123 u32 delivered = tp->delivered - ca->old_delivered;
124 u32 delivered_ce = tp->delivered_ce - ca->old_delivered_ce;
125 u32 alpha = ca->dctcp_alpha;
129 /* dctcp_alpha keeps EWMA of fraction of ECN marked
130 * packets. Because of EWMA smoothing, PLB reaction can
131 * be slow so we use ce_ratio which is an instantaneous
132 * measure of congestion. ce_ratio is the fraction of
133 * ECN marked packets in the previous RTT.
135 if (delivered_ce > 0)
136 ce_ratio = (delivered_ce << TCP_PLB_SCALE) / delivered;
137 tcp_plb_update_state(sk, &ca->plb, (int)ce_ratio);
138 tcp_plb_check_rehash(sk, &ca->plb);
141 /* alpha = (1 - g) * alpha + g * F */
143 alpha -= min_not_zero(alpha, alpha >> dctcp_shift_g);
146 /* If dctcp_shift_g == 1, a 32bit value would overflow
149 delivered_ce <<= (10 - dctcp_shift_g);
150 delivered_ce /= max(1U, delivered);
152 alpha = min(alpha + delivered_ce, DCTCP_MAX_ALPHA);
154 /* dctcp_alpha can be read from dctcp_get_info() without
155 * synchro, so we ask compiler to not use dctcp_alpha
156 * as a temporary variable in prior operations.
158 WRITE_ONCE(ca->dctcp_alpha, alpha);
163 static void dctcp_react_to_loss(struct sock *sk)
165 struct dctcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
166 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
168 ca->loss_cwnd = tcp_snd_cwnd(tp);
169 tp->snd_ssthresh = max(tcp_snd_cwnd(tp) >> 1U, 2U);
172 __bpf_kfunc static void dctcp_state(struct sock *sk, u8 new_state)
174 if (new_state == TCP_CA_Recovery &&
175 new_state != inet_csk(sk)->icsk_ca_state)
176 dctcp_react_to_loss(sk);
177 /* We handle RTO in dctcp_cwnd_event to ensure that we perform only
178 * one loss-adjustment per RTT.
182 __bpf_kfunc static void dctcp_cwnd_event(struct sock *sk, enum tcp_ca_event ev)
184 struct dctcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
187 case CA_EVENT_ECN_IS_CE:
188 case CA_EVENT_ECN_NO_CE:
189 dctcp_ece_ack_update(sk, ev, &ca->prior_rcv_nxt, &ca->ce_state);
192 tcp_plb_update_state_upon_rto(sk, &ca->plb);
193 dctcp_react_to_loss(sk);
195 case CA_EVENT_TX_START:
196 tcp_plb_check_rehash(sk, &ca->plb); /* Maybe rehash when inflight is 0 */
199 /* Don't care for the rest. */
204 static size_t dctcp_get_info(struct sock *sk, u32 ext, int *attr,
205 union tcp_cc_info *info)
207 const struct dctcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
208 const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
210 /* Fill it also in case of VEGASINFO due to req struct limits.
211 * We can still correctly retrieve it later.
213 if (ext & (1 << (INET_DIAG_DCTCPINFO - 1)) ||
214 ext & (1 << (INET_DIAG_VEGASINFO - 1))) {
215 memset(&info->dctcp, 0, sizeof(info->dctcp));
216 if (inet_csk(sk)->icsk_ca_ops != &dctcp_reno) {
217 info->dctcp.dctcp_enabled = 1;
218 info->dctcp.dctcp_ce_state = (u16) ca->ce_state;
219 info->dctcp.dctcp_alpha = ca->dctcp_alpha;
220 info->dctcp.dctcp_ab_ecn = tp->mss_cache *
221 (tp->delivered_ce - ca->old_delivered_ce);
222 info->dctcp.dctcp_ab_tot = tp->mss_cache *
223 (tp->delivered - ca->old_delivered);
226 *attr = INET_DIAG_DCTCPINFO;
227 return sizeof(info->dctcp);
232 __bpf_kfunc static u32 dctcp_cwnd_undo(struct sock *sk)
234 const struct dctcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
235 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
237 return max(tcp_snd_cwnd(tp), ca->loss_cwnd);
240 static struct tcp_congestion_ops dctcp __read_mostly = {
242 .in_ack_event = dctcp_update_alpha,
243 .cwnd_event = dctcp_cwnd_event,
244 .ssthresh = dctcp_ssthresh,
245 .cong_avoid = tcp_reno_cong_avoid,
246 .undo_cwnd = dctcp_cwnd_undo,
247 .set_state = dctcp_state,
248 .get_info = dctcp_get_info,
249 .flags = TCP_CONG_NEEDS_ECN,
250 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
254 static struct tcp_congestion_ops dctcp_reno __read_mostly = {
255 .ssthresh = tcp_reno_ssthresh,
256 .cong_avoid = tcp_reno_cong_avoid,
257 .undo_cwnd = tcp_reno_undo_cwnd,
258 .get_info = dctcp_get_info,
259 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
260 .name = "dctcp-reno",
263 BTF_SET8_START(tcp_dctcp_check_kfunc_ids)
265 #ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
266 BTF_ID_FLAGS(func, dctcp_init)
267 BTF_ID_FLAGS(func, dctcp_update_alpha)
268 BTF_ID_FLAGS(func, dctcp_cwnd_event)
269 BTF_ID_FLAGS(func, dctcp_ssthresh)
270 BTF_ID_FLAGS(func, dctcp_cwnd_undo)
271 BTF_ID_FLAGS(func, dctcp_state)
274 BTF_SET8_END(tcp_dctcp_check_kfunc_ids)
276 static const struct btf_kfunc_id_set tcp_dctcp_kfunc_set = {
277 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
278 .set = &tcp_dctcp_check_kfunc_ids,
281 static int __init dctcp_register(void)
285 BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct dctcp) > ICSK_CA_PRIV_SIZE);
287 ret = register_btf_kfunc_id_set(BPF_PROG_TYPE_STRUCT_OPS, &tcp_dctcp_kfunc_set);
290 return tcp_register_congestion_control(&dctcp);
293 static void __exit dctcp_unregister(void)
295 tcp_unregister_congestion_control(&dctcp);
298 module_init(dctcp_register);
299 module_exit(dctcp_unregister);
301 MODULE_AUTHOR("Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>");
302 MODULE_AUTHOR("Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>");
303 MODULE_AUTHOR("Glenn Judd <glenn.judd@morganstanley.com>");
305 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
306 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("DataCenter TCP (DCTCP)");