2 * net/sched/gen_estimator.c Simple rate estimator.
4 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
6 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
7 * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
9 * Authors: Alexey Kuznetsov, <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru>
12 * Jamal Hadi Salim - moved it to net/core and reshulfed
13 * names to make it usable in general net subsystem.
16 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
17 #include <linux/bitops.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/types.h>
20 #include <linux/kernel.h>
21 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
22 #include <linux/string.h>
24 #include <linux/socket.h>
25 #include <linux/sockios.h>
27 #include <linux/errno.h>
28 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
29 #include <linux/netdevice.h>
30 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
31 #include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
32 #include <linux/init.h>
33 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
34 #include <linux/slab.h>
36 #include <net/gen_stats.h>
39 This code is NOT intended to be used for statistics collection,
40 its purpose is to provide a base for statistical multiplexing
41 for controlled load service.
42 If you need only statistics, run a user level daemon which
43 periodically reads byte counters.
45 Unfortunately, rate estimation is not a very easy task.
46 F.e. I did not find a simple way to estimate the current peak rate
47 and even failed to formulate the problem 8)8)
49 So I preferred not to built an estimator into the scheduler,
50 but run this task separately.
51 Ideally, it should be kernel thread(s), but for now it runs
52 from timers, which puts apparent top bounds on the number of rated
53 flows, has minimal overhead on small, but is enough
54 to handle controlled load service, sets of aggregates.
56 We measure rate over A=(1<<interval) seconds and evaluate EWMA:
58 avrate = avrate*(1-W) + rate*W
60 where W is chosen as negative power of 2: W = 2^(-ewma_log)
62 The resulting time constant is:
69 * avbps and avpps are scaled by 2^5.
70 * both values are reported as 32 bit unsigned values. bps can
71 overflow for fast links : max speed being 34360Mbit/sec
72 * Minimal interval is HZ/4=250msec (it is the greatest common divisor
73 for HZ=100 and HZ=1024 8)), maximal interval
74 is (HZ*2^EST_MAX_INTERVAL)/4 = 8sec. Shorter intervals
75 are too expensive, longer ones can be implemented
76 at user level painlessly.
79 #define EST_MAX_INTERVAL 5
83 struct list_head list;
84 struct gnet_stats_basic_packed *bstats;
85 struct gnet_stats_rate_est64 *rate_est;
86 spinlock_t *stats_lock;
93 struct rcu_head e_rcu;
95 struct gnet_stats_basic_cpu __percpu *cpu_bstats;
99 struct gen_estimator_head
101 struct timer_list timer;
102 struct list_head list;
105 static struct gen_estimator_head elist[EST_MAX_INTERVAL+1];
107 /* Protects against NULL dereference */
108 static DEFINE_RWLOCK(est_lock);
110 /* Protects against soft lockup during large deletion */
111 static struct rb_root est_root = RB_ROOT;
112 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(est_tree_lock);
114 static void est_timer(unsigned long arg)
117 struct gen_estimator *e;
120 list_for_each_entry_rcu(e, &elist[idx].list, list) {
121 struct gnet_stats_basic_packed b = {0};
126 spin_lock(e->stats_lock);
127 read_lock(&est_lock);
128 if (e->bstats == NULL)
131 __gnet_stats_copy_basic(e->running, &b, e->cpu_bstats, e->bstats);
133 brate = (b.bytes - e->last_bytes)<<(7 - idx);
134 e->last_bytes = b.bytes;
135 e->avbps += (brate >> e->ewma_log) - (e->avbps >> e->ewma_log);
136 WRITE_ONCE(e->rate_est->bps, (e->avbps + 0xF) >> 5);
138 rate = b.packets - e->last_packets;
140 e->last_packets = b.packets;
141 e->avpps += (rate >> e->ewma_log) - (e->avpps >> e->ewma_log);
142 WRITE_ONCE(e->rate_est->pps, (e->avpps + 0xF) >> 5);
144 read_unlock(&est_lock);
146 spin_unlock(e->stats_lock);
149 if (!list_empty(&elist[idx].list))
150 mod_timer(&elist[idx].timer, jiffies + ((HZ/4) << idx));
154 static void gen_add_node(struct gen_estimator *est)
156 struct rb_node **p = &est_root.rb_node, *parent = NULL;
159 struct gen_estimator *e;
162 e = rb_entry(parent, struct gen_estimator, node);
164 if (est->bstats > e->bstats)
165 p = &parent->rb_right;
167 p = &parent->rb_left;
169 rb_link_node(&est->node, parent, p);
170 rb_insert_color(&est->node, &est_root);
174 struct gen_estimator *gen_find_node(const struct gnet_stats_basic_packed *bstats,
175 const struct gnet_stats_rate_est64 *rate_est)
177 struct rb_node *p = est_root.rb_node;
180 struct gen_estimator *e;
182 e = rb_entry(p, struct gen_estimator, node);
184 if (bstats > e->bstats)
186 else if (bstats < e->bstats || rate_est != e->rate_est)
195 * gen_new_estimator - create a new rate estimator
196 * @bstats: basic statistics
197 * @cpu_bstats: bstats per cpu
198 * @rate_est: rate estimator statistics
199 * @stats_lock: statistics lock
200 * @running: qdisc running seqcount
201 * @opt: rate estimator configuration TLV
203 * Creates a new rate estimator with &bstats as source and &rate_est
204 * as destination. A new timer with the interval specified in the
205 * configuration TLV is created. Upon each interval, the latest statistics
206 * will be read from &bstats and the estimated rate will be stored in
207 * &rate_est with the statistics lock grabbed during this period.
209 * Returns 0 on success or a negative error code.
212 int gen_new_estimator(struct gnet_stats_basic_packed *bstats,
213 struct gnet_stats_basic_cpu __percpu *cpu_bstats,
214 struct gnet_stats_rate_est64 *rate_est,
215 spinlock_t *stats_lock,
219 struct gen_estimator *est;
220 struct gnet_estimator *parm = nla_data(opt);
221 struct gnet_stats_basic_packed b = {0};
224 if (nla_len(opt) < sizeof(*parm))
227 if (parm->interval < -2 || parm->interval > 3)
230 est = kzalloc(sizeof(*est), GFP_KERNEL);
234 __gnet_stats_copy_basic(running, &b, cpu_bstats, bstats);
236 idx = parm->interval + 2;
237 est->bstats = bstats;
238 est->rate_est = rate_est;
239 est->stats_lock = stats_lock;
240 est->running = running;
241 est->ewma_log = parm->ewma_log;
242 est->last_bytes = b.bytes;
243 est->avbps = rate_est->bps<<5;
244 est->last_packets = b.packets;
245 est->avpps = rate_est->pps<<10;
246 est->cpu_bstats = cpu_bstats;
248 spin_lock_bh(&est_tree_lock);
249 if (!elist[idx].timer.function) {
250 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&elist[idx].list);
251 setup_timer(&elist[idx].timer, est_timer, idx);
254 if (list_empty(&elist[idx].list))
255 mod_timer(&elist[idx].timer, jiffies + ((HZ/4) << idx));
257 list_add_rcu(&est->list, &elist[idx].list);
259 spin_unlock_bh(&est_tree_lock);
263 EXPORT_SYMBOL(gen_new_estimator);
266 * gen_kill_estimator - remove a rate estimator
267 * @bstats: basic statistics
268 * @rate_est: rate estimator statistics
270 * Removes the rate estimator specified by &bstats and &rate_est.
272 * Note : Caller should respect an RCU grace period before freeing stats_lock
274 void gen_kill_estimator(struct gnet_stats_basic_packed *bstats,
275 struct gnet_stats_rate_est64 *rate_est)
277 struct gen_estimator *e;
279 spin_lock_bh(&est_tree_lock);
280 while ((e = gen_find_node(bstats, rate_est))) {
281 rb_erase(&e->node, &est_root);
283 write_lock(&est_lock);
285 write_unlock(&est_lock);
287 list_del_rcu(&e->list);
290 spin_unlock_bh(&est_tree_lock);
292 EXPORT_SYMBOL(gen_kill_estimator);
295 * gen_replace_estimator - replace rate estimator configuration
296 * @bstats: basic statistics
297 * @cpu_bstats: bstats per cpu
298 * @rate_est: rate estimator statistics
299 * @stats_lock: statistics lock
300 * @running: qdisc running seqcount (might be NULL)
301 * @opt: rate estimator configuration TLV
303 * Replaces the configuration of a rate estimator by calling
304 * gen_kill_estimator() and gen_new_estimator().
306 * Returns 0 on success or a negative error code.
308 int gen_replace_estimator(struct gnet_stats_basic_packed *bstats,
309 struct gnet_stats_basic_cpu __percpu *cpu_bstats,
310 struct gnet_stats_rate_est64 *rate_est,
311 spinlock_t *stats_lock,
312 seqcount_t *running, struct nlattr *opt)
314 gen_kill_estimator(bstats, rate_est);
315 return gen_new_estimator(bstats, cpu_bstats, rate_est, stats_lock, running, opt);
317 EXPORT_SYMBOL(gen_replace_estimator);
320 * gen_estimator_active - test if estimator is currently in use
321 * @bstats: basic statistics
322 * @rate_est: rate estimator statistics
324 * Returns true if estimator is active, and false if not.
326 bool gen_estimator_active(const struct gnet_stats_basic_packed *bstats,
327 const struct gnet_stats_rate_est64 *rate_est)
333 spin_lock_bh(&est_tree_lock);
334 res = gen_find_node(bstats, rate_est) != NULL;
335 spin_unlock_bh(&est_tree_lock);
339 EXPORT_SYMBOL(gen_estimator_active);