4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Linus Torvalds
8 * This file contains the default values for the operation of the
9 * Linux VM subsystem. Fine-tuning documentation can be found in
10 * Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt.
12 * Swap aging added 23.2.95, Stephen Tweedie.
13 * Buffermem limits added 12.3.98, Rik van Riel.
17 #include <linux/sched.h>
18 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
19 #include <linux/swap.h>
20 #include <linux/mman.h>
21 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
22 #include <linux/pagevec.h>
23 #include <linux/init.h>
24 #include <linux/export.h>
25 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
26 #include <linux/percpu_counter.h>
27 #include <linux/memremap.h>
28 #include <linux/percpu.h>
29 #include <linux/cpu.h>
30 #include <linux/notifier.h>
31 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
32 #include <linux/memcontrol.h>
33 #include <linux/gfp.h>
34 #include <linux/uio.h>
35 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
36 #include <linux/page_idle.h>
40 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
41 #include <trace/events/pagemap.h>
43 /* How many pages do we try to swap or page in/out together? */
46 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct pagevec, lru_add_pvec);
47 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct pagevec, lru_rotate_pvecs);
48 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct pagevec, lru_deactivate_file_pvecs);
49 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct pagevec, lru_lazyfree_pvecs);
51 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct pagevec, activate_page_pvecs);
55 * This path almost never happens for VM activity - pages are normally
56 * freed via pagevecs. But it gets used by networking.
58 static void __page_cache_release(struct page *page)
61 struct zone *zone = page_zone(page);
62 struct lruvec *lruvec;
65 spin_lock_irqsave(zone_lru_lock(zone), flags);
66 lruvec = mem_cgroup_page_lruvec(page, zone->zone_pgdat);
67 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLRU(page), page);
69 del_page_from_lru_list(page, lruvec, page_off_lru(page));
70 spin_unlock_irqrestore(zone_lru_lock(zone), flags);
72 __ClearPageWaiters(page);
73 mem_cgroup_uncharge(page);
76 static void __put_single_page(struct page *page)
78 __page_cache_release(page);
79 free_unref_page(page);
82 static void __put_compound_page(struct page *page)
84 compound_page_dtor *dtor;
87 * __page_cache_release() is supposed to be called for thp, not for
88 * hugetlb. This is because hugetlb page does never have PageLRU set
89 * (it's never listed to any LRU lists) and no memcg routines should
90 * be called for hugetlb (it has a separate hugetlb_cgroup.)
93 __page_cache_release(page);
94 dtor = get_compound_page_dtor(page);
98 void __put_page(struct page *page)
100 if (is_zone_device_page(page)) {
101 put_dev_pagemap(page->pgmap);
104 * The page belongs to the device that created pgmap. Do
105 * not return it to page allocator.
110 if (unlikely(PageCompound(page)))
111 __put_compound_page(page);
113 __put_single_page(page);
115 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__put_page);
118 * put_pages_list() - release a list of pages
119 * @pages: list of pages threaded on page->lru
121 * Release a list of pages which are strung together on page.lru. Currently
122 * used by read_cache_pages() and related error recovery code.
124 void put_pages_list(struct list_head *pages)
126 while (!list_empty(pages)) {
129 victim = list_entry(pages->prev, struct page, lru);
130 list_del(&victim->lru);
134 EXPORT_SYMBOL(put_pages_list);
137 * get_kernel_pages() - pin kernel pages in memory
138 * @kiov: An array of struct kvec structures
139 * @nr_segs: number of segments to pin
140 * @write: pinning for read/write, currently ignored
141 * @pages: array that receives pointers to the pages pinned.
142 * Should be at least nr_segs long.
144 * Returns number of pages pinned. This may be fewer than the number
145 * requested. If nr_pages is 0 or negative, returns 0. If no pages
146 * were pinned, returns -errno. Each page returned must be released
147 * with a put_page() call when it is finished with.
149 int get_kernel_pages(const struct kvec *kiov, int nr_segs, int write,
154 for (seg = 0; seg < nr_segs; seg++) {
155 if (WARN_ON(kiov[seg].iov_len != PAGE_SIZE))
158 pages[seg] = kmap_to_page(kiov[seg].iov_base);
159 get_page(pages[seg]);
164 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_kernel_pages);
167 * get_kernel_page() - pin a kernel page in memory
168 * @start: starting kernel address
169 * @write: pinning for read/write, currently ignored
170 * @pages: array that receives pointer to the page pinned.
171 * Must be at least nr_segs long.
173 * Returns 1 if page is pinned. If the page was not pinned, returns
174 * -errno. The page returned must be released with a put_page() call
175 * when it is finished with.
177 int get_kernel_page(unsigned long start, int write, struct page **pages)
179 const struct kvec kiov = {
180 .iov_base = (void *)start,
184 return get_kernel_pages(&kiov, 1, write, pages);
186 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_kernel_page);
188 static void pagevec_lru_move_fn(struct pagevec *pvec,
189 void (*move_fn)(struct page *page, struct lruvec *lruvec, void *arg),
193 struct pglist_data *pgdat = NULL;
194 struct lruvec *lruvec;
195 unsigned long flags = 0;
197 for (i = 0; i < pagevec_count(pvec); i++) {
198 struct page *page = pvec->pages[i];
199 struct pglist_data *pagepgdat = page_pgdat(page);
201 if (pagepgdat != pgdat) {
203 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pgdat->lru_lock, flags);
205 spin_lock_irqsave(&pgdat->lru_lock, flags);
208 lruvec = mem_cgroup_page_lruvec(page, pgdat);
209 (*move_fn)(page, lruvec, arg);
212 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pgdat->lru_lock, flags);
213 release_pages(pvec->pages, pvec->nr);
214 pagevec_reinit(pvec);
217 static void pagevec_move_tail_fn(struct page *page, struct lruvec *lruvec,
222 if (PageLRU(page) && !PageUnevictable(page)) {
223 del_page_from_lru_list(page, lruvec, page_lru(page));
224 ClearPageActive(page);
225 add_page_to_lru_list_tail(page, lruvec, page_lru(page));
231 * pagevec_move_tail() must be called with IRQ disabled.
232 * Otherwise this may cause nasty races.
234 static void pagevec_move_tail(struct pagevec *pvec)
238 pagevec_lru_move_fn(pvec, pagevec_move_tail_fn, &pgmoved);
239 __count_vm_events(PGROTATED, pgmoved);
243 * Writeback is about to end against a page which has been marked for immediate
244 * reclaim. If it still appears to be reclaimable, move it to the tail of the
247 void rotate_reclaimable_page(struct page *page)
249 if (!PageLocked(page) && !PageDirty(page) &&
250 !PageUnevictable(page) && PageLRU(page)) {
251 struct pagevec *pvec;
255 local_irq_save(flags);
256 pvec = this_cpu_ptr(&lru_rotate_pvecs);
257 if (!pagevec_add(pvec, page) || PageCompound(page))
258 pagevec_move_tail(pvec);
259 local_irq_restore(flags);
263 static void update_page_reclaim_stat(struct lruvec *lruvec,
264 int file, int rotated)
266 struct zone_reclaim_stat *reclaim_stat = &lruvec->reclaim_stat;
268 reclaim_stat->recent_scanned[file]++;
270 reclaim_stat->recent_rotated[file]++;
273 static void __activate_page(struct page *page, struct lruvec *lruvec,
276 if (PageLRU(page) && !PageActive(page) && !PageUnevictable(page)) {
277 int file = page_is_file_cache(page);
278 int lru = page_lru_base_type(page);
280 del_page_from_lru_list(page, lruvec, lru);
283 add_page_to_lru_list(page, lruvec, lru);
284 trace_mm_lru_activate(page);
286 __count_vm_event(PGACTIVATE);
287 update_page_reclaim_stat(lruvec, file, 1);
292 static void activate_page_drain(int cpu)
294 struct pagevec *pvec = &per_cpu(activate_page_pvecs, cpu);
296 if (pagevec_count(pvec))
297 pagevec_lru_move_fn(pvec, __activate_page, NULL);
300 static bool need_activate_page_drain(int cpu)
302 return pagevec_count(&per_cpu(activate_page_pvecs, cpu)) != 0;
305 void activate_page(struct page *page)
307 page = compound_head(page);
308 if (PageLRU(page) && !PageActive(page) && !PageUnevictable(page)) {
309 struct pagevec *pvec = &get_cpu_var(activate_page_pvecs);
312 if (!pagevec_add(pvec, page) || PageCompound(page))
313 pagevec_lru_move_fn(pvec, __activate_page, NULL);
314 put_cpu_var(activate_page_pvecs);
319 static inline void activate_page_drain(int cpu)
323 static bool need_activate_page_drain(int cpu)
328 void activate_page(struct page *page)
330 struct zone *zone = page_zone(page);
332 page = compound_head(page);
333 spin_lock_irq(zone_lru_lock(zone));
334 __activate_page(page, mem_cgroup_page_lruvec(page, zone->zone_pgdat), NULL);
335 spin_unlock_irq(zone_lru_lock(zone));
339 static void __lru_cache_activate_page(struct page *page)
341 struct pagevec *pvec = &get_cpu_var(lru_add_pvec);
345 * Search backwards on the optimistic assumption that the page being
346 * activated has just been added to this pagevec. Note that only
347 * the local pagevec is examined as a !PageLRU page could be in the
348 * process of being released, reclaimed, migrated or on a remote
349 * pagevec that is currently being drained. Furthermore, marking
350 * a remote pagevec's page PageActive potentially hits a race where
351 * a page is marked PageActive just after it is added to the inactive
352 * list causing accounting errors and BUG_ON checks to trigger.
354 for (i = pagevec_count(pvec) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
355 struct page *pagevec_page = pvec->pages[i];
357 if (pagevec_page == page) {
363 put_cpu_var(lru_add_pvec);
367 * Mark a page as having seen activity.
369 * inactive,unreferenced -> inactive,referenced
370 * inactive,referenced -> active,unreferenced
371 * active,unreferenced -> active,referenced
373 * When a newly allocated page is not yet visible, so safe for non-atomic ops,
374 * __SetPageReferenced(page) may be substituted for mark_page_accessed(page).
376 void mark_page_accessed(struct page *page)
378 page = compound_head(page);
379 if (!PageActive(page) && !PageUnevictable(page) &&
380 PageReferenced(page)) {
383 * If the page is on the LRU, queue it for activation via
384 * activate_page_pvecs. Otherwise, assume the page is on a
385 * pagevec, mark it active and it'll be moved to the active
386 * LRU on the next drain.
391 __lru_cache_activate_page(page);
392 ClearPageReferenced(page);
393 if (page_is_file_cache(page))
394 workingset_activation(page);
395 } else if (!PageReferenced(page)) {
396 SetPageReferenced(page);
398 if (page_is_idle(page))
399 clear_page_idle(page);
401 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mark_page_accessed);
403 static void __lru_cache_add(struct page *page)
405 struct pagevec *pvec = &get_cpu_var(lru_add_pvec);
408 if (!pagevec_add(pvec, page) || PageCompound(page))
409 __pagevec_lru_add(pvec);
410 put_cpu_var(lru_add_pvec);
414 * lru_cache_add_anon - add a page to the page lists
415 * @page: the page to add
417 void lru_cache_add_anon(struct page *page)
419 if (PageActive(page))
420 ClearPageActive(page);
421 __lru_cache_add(page);
424 void lru_cache_add_file(struct page *page)
426 if (PageActive(page))
427 ClearPageActive(page);
428 __lru_cache_add(page);
430 EXPORT_SYMBOL(lru_cache_add_file);
433 * lru_cache_add - add a page to a page list
434 * @page: the page to be added to the LRU.
436 * Queue the page for addition to the LRU via pagevec. The decision on whether
437 * to add the page to the [in]active [file|anon] list is deferred until the
438 * pagevec is drained. This gives a chance for the caller of lru_cache_add()
439 * have the page added to the active list using mark_page_accessed().
441 void lru_cache_add(struct page *page)
443 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageActive(page) && PageUnevictable(page), page);
444 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageLRU(page), page);
445 __lru_cache_add(page);
449 * lru_cache_add_active_or_unevictable
450 * @page: the page to be added to LRU
451 * @vma: vma in which page is mapped for determining reclaimability
453 * Place @page on the active or unevictable LRU list, depending on its
454 * evictability. Note that if the page is not evictable, it goes
455 * directly back onto it's zone's unevictable list, it does NOT use a
458 void lru_cache_add_active_or_unevictable(struct page *page,
459 struct vm_area_struct *vma)
461 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageLRU(page), page);
463 if (likely((vma->vm_flags & (VM_LOCKED | VM_SPECIAL)) != VM_LOCKED))
465 else if (!TestSetPageMlocked(page)) {
467 * We use the irq-unsafe __mod_zone_page_stat because this
468 * counter is not modified from interrupt context, and the pte
469 * lock is held(spinlock), which implies preemption disabled.
471 __mod_zone_page_state(page_zone(page), NR_MLOCK,
472 hpage_nr_pages(page));
473 count_vm_event(UNEVICTABLE_PGMLOCKED);
479 * If the page can not be invalidated, it is moved to the
480 * inactive list to speed up its reclaim. It is moved to the
481 * head of the list, rather than the tail, to give the flusher
482 * threads some time to write it out, as this is much more
483 * effective than the single-page writeout from reclaim.
485 * If the page isn't page_mapped and dirty/writeback, the page
486 * could reclaim asap using PG_reclaim.
488 * 1. active, mapped page -> none
489 * 2. active, dirty/writeback page -> inactive, head, PG_reclaim
490 * 3. inactive, mapped page -> none
491 * 4. inactive, dirty/writeback page -> inactive, head, PG_reclaim
492 * 5. inactive, clean -> inactive, tail
495 * In 4, why it moves inactive's head, the VM expects the page would
496 * be write it out by flusher threads as this is much more effective
497 * than the single-page writeout from reclaim.
499 static void lru_deactivate_file_fn(struct page *page, struct lruvec *lruvec,
508 if (PageUnevictable(page))
511 /* Some processes are using the page */
512 if (page_mapped(page))
515 active = PageActive(page);
516 file = page_is_file_cache(page);
517 lru = page_lru_base_type(page);
519 del_page_from_lru_list(page, lruvec, lru + active);
520 ClearPageActive(page);
521 ClearPageReferenced(page);
522 add_page_to_lru_list(page, lruvec, lru);
524 if (PageWriteback(page) || PageDirty(page)) {
526 * PG_reclaim could be raced with end_page_writeback
527 * It can make readahead confusing. But race window
528 * is _really_ small and it's non-critical problem.
530 SetPageReclaim(page);
533 * The page's writeback ends up during pagevec
534 * We moves tha page into tail of inactive.
536 list_move_tail(&page->lru, &lruvec->lists[lru]);
537 __count_vm_event(PGROTATED);
541 __count_vm_event(PGDEACTIVATE);
542 update_page_reclaim_stat(lruvec, file, 0);
546 static void lru_lazyfree_fn(struct page *page, struct lruvec *lruvec,
549 if (PageLRU(page) && PageAnon(page) && PageSwapBacked(page) &&
550 !PageSwapCache(page) && !PageUnevictable(page)) {
551 bool active = PageActive(page);
553 del_page_from_lru_list(page, lruvec,
554 LRU_INACTIVE_ANON + active);
555 ClearPageActive(page);
556 ClearPageReferenced(page);
558 * lazyfree pages are clean anonymous pages. They have
559 * SwapBacked flag cleared to distinguish normal anonymous
562 ClearPageSwapBacked(page);
563 add_page_to_lru_list(page, lruvec, LRU_INACTIVE_FILE);
565 __count_vm_events(PGLAZYFREE, hpage_nr_pages(page));
566 count_memcg_page_event(page, PGLAZYFREE);
567 update_page_reclaim_stat(lruvec, 1, 0);
572 * Drain pages out of the cpu's pagevecs.
573 * Either "cpu" is the current CPU, and preemption has already been
574 * disabled; or "cpu" is being hot-unplugged, and is already dead.
576 void lru_add_drain_cpu(int cpu)
578 struct pagevec *pvec = &per_cpu(lru_add_pvec, cpu);
580 if (pagevec_count(pvec))
581 __pagevec_lru_add(pvec);
583 pvec = &per_cpu(lru_rotate_pvecs, cpu);
584 if (pagevec_count(pvec)) {
587 /* No harm done if a racing interrupt already did this */
588 local_irq_save(flags);
589 pagevec_move_tail(pvec);
590 local_irq_restore(flags);
593 pvec = &per_cpu(lru_deactivate_file_pvecs, cpu);
594 if (pagevec_count(pvec))
595 pagevec_lru_move_fn(pvec, lru_deactivate_file_fn, NULL);
597 pvec = &per_cpu(lru_lazyfree_pvecs, cpu);
598 if (pagevec_count(pvec))
599 pagevec_lru_move_fn(pvec, lru_lazyfree_fn, NULL);
601 activate_page_drain(cpu);
605 * deactivate_file_page - forcefully deactivate a file page
606 * @page: page to deactivate
608 * This function hints the VM that @page is a good reclaim candidate,
609 * for example if its invalidation fails due to the page being dirty
610 * or under writeback.
612 void deactivate_file_page(struct page *page)
615 * In a workload with many unevictable page such as mprotect,
616 * unevictable page deactivation for accelerating reclaim is pointless.
618 if (PageUnevictable(page))
621 if (likely(get_page_unless_zero(page))) {
622 struct pagevec *pvec = &get_cpu_var(lru_deactivate_file_pvecs);
624 if (!pagevec_add(pvec, page) || PageCompound(page))
625 pagevec_lru_move_fn(pvec, lru_deactivate_file_fn, NULL);
626 put_cpu_var(lru_deactivate_file_pvecs);
631 * mark_page_lazyfree - make an anon page lazyfree
632 * @page: page to deactivate
634 * mark_page_lazyfree() moves @page to the inactive file list.
635 * This is done to accelerate the reclaim of @page.
637 void mark_page_lazyfree(struct page *page)
639 if (PageLRU(page) && PageAnon(page) && PageSwapBacked(page) &&
640 !PageSwapCache(page) && !PageUnevictable(page)) {
641 struct pagevec *pvec = &get_cpu_var(lru_lazyfree_pvecs);
644 if (!pagevec_add(pvec, page) || PageCompound(page))
645 pagevec_lru_move_fn(pvec, lru_lazyfree_fn, NULL);
646 put_cpu_var(lru_lazyfree_pvecs);
650 void lru_add_drain(void)
652 lru_add_drain_cpu(get_cpu());
656 static void lru_add_drain_per_cpu(struct work_struct *dummy)
661 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct work_struct, lru_add_drain_work);
664 * Doesn't need any cpu hotplug locking because we do rely on per-cpu
665 * kworkers being shut down before our page_alloc_cpu_dead callback is
666 * executed on the offlined cpu.
667 * Calling this function with cpu hotplug locks held can actually lead
668 * to obscure indirect dependencies via WQ context.
670 void lru_add_drain_all(void)
672 static DEFINE_MUTEX(lock);
673 static struct cpumask has_work;
677 * Make sure nobody triggers this path before mm_percpu_wq is fully
680 if (WARN_ON(!mm_percpu_wq))
684 cpumask_clear(&has_work);
686 for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
687 struct work_struct *work = &per_cpu(lru_add_drain_work, cpu);
689 if (pagevec_count(&per_cpu(lru_add_pvec, cpu)) ||
690 pagevec_count(&per_cpu(lru_rotate_pvecs, cpu)) ||
691 pagevec_count(&per_cpu(lru_deactivate_file_pvecs, cpu)) ||
692 pagevec_count(&per_cpu(lru_lazyfree_pvecs, cpu)) ||
693 need_activate_page_drain(cpu)) {
694 INIT_WORK(work, lru_add_drain_per_cpu);
695 queue_work_on(cpu, mm_percpu_wq, work);
696 cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, &has_work);
700 for_each_cpu(cpu, &has_work)
701 flush_work(&per_cpu(lru_add_drain_work, cpu));
707 * release_pages - batched put_page()
708 * @pages: array of pages to release
709 * @nr: number of pages
711 * Decrement the reference count on all the pages in @pages. If it
712 * fell to zero, remove the page from the LRU and free it.
714 void release_pages(struct page **pages, int nr)
717 LIST_HEAD(pages_to_free);
718 struct pglist_data *locked_pgdat = NULL;
719 struct lruvec *lruvec;
720 unsigned long uninitialized_var(flags);
721 unsigned int uninitialized_var(lock_batch);
723 for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
724 struct page *page = pages[i];
727 * Make sure the IRQ-safe lock-holding time does not get
728 * excessive with a continuous string of pages from the
729 * same pgdat. The lock is held only if pgdat != NULL.
731 if (locked_pgdat && ++lock_batch == SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX) {
732 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&locked_pgdat->lru_lock, flags);
736 if (is_huge_zero_page(page))
739 /* Device public page can not be huge page */
740 if (is_device_public_page(page)) {
742 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&locked_pgdat->lru_lock,
746 put_devmap_managed_page(page);
750 page = compound_head(page);
751 if (!put_page_testzero(page))
754 if (PageCompound(page)) {
756 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&locked_pgdat->lru_lock, flags);
759 __put_compound_page(page);
764 struct pglist_data *pgdat = page_pgdat(page);
766 if (pgdat != locked_pgdat) {
768 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&locked_pgdat->lru_lock,
771 locked_pgdat = pgdat;
772 spin_lock_irqsave(&locked_pgdat->lru_lock, flags);
775 lruvec = mem_cgroup_page_lruvec(page, locked_pgdat);
776 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLRU(page), page);
777 __ClearPageLRU(page);
778 del_page_from_lru_list(page, lruvec, page_off_lru(page));
781 /* Clear Active bit in case of parallel mark_page_accessed */
782 __ClearPageActive(page);
783 __ClearPageWaiters(page);
785 list_add(&page->lru, &pages_to_free);
788 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&locked_pgdat->lru_lock, flags);
790 mem_cgroup_uncharge_list(&pages_to_free);
791 free_unref_page_list(&pages_to_free);
793 EXPORT_SYMBOL(release_pages);
796 * The pages which we're about to release may be in the deferred lru-addition
797 * queues. That would prevent them from really being freed right now. That's
798 * OK from a correctness point of view but is inefficient - those pages may be
799 * cache-warm and we want to give them back to the page allocator ASAP.
801 * So __pagevec_release() will drain those queues here. __pagevec_lru_add()
802 * and __pagevec_lru_add_active() call release_pages() directly to avoid
805 void __pagevec_release(struct pagevec *pvec)
807 if (!pvec->percpu_pvec_drained) {
809 pvec->percpu_pvec_drained = true;
811 release_pages(pvec->pages, pagevec_count(pvec));
812 pagevec_reinit(pvec);
814 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__pagevec_release);
816 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
817 /* used by __split_huge_page_refcount() */
818 void lru_add_page_tail(struct page *page, struct page *page_tail,
819 struct lruvec *lruvec, struct list_head *list)
823 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHead(page), page);
824 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageCompound(page_tail), page);
825 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageLRU(page_tail), page);
826 VM_BUG_ON(NR_CPUS != 1 &&
827 !spin_is_locked(&lruvec_pgdat(lruvec)->lru_lock));
830 SetPageLRU(page_tail);
832 if (likely(PageLRU(page)))
833 list_add_tail(&page_tail->lru, &page->lru);
835 /* page reclaim is reclaiming a huge page */
837 list_add_tail(&page_tail->lru, list);
839 struct list_head *list_head;
841 * Head page has not yet been counted, as an hpage,
842 * so we must account for each subpage individually.
844 * Use the standard add function to put page_tail on the list,
845 * but then correct its position so they all end up in order.
847 add_page_to_lru_list(page_tail, lruvec, page_lru(page_tail));
848 list_head = page_tail->lru.prev;
849 list_move_tail(&page_tail->lru, list_head);
852 if (!PageUnevictable(page))
853 update_page_reclaim_stat(lruvec, file, PageActive(page_tail));
855 #endif /* CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE */
857 static void __pagevec_lru_add_fn(struct page *page, struct lruvec *lruvec,
861 int was_unevictable = TestClearPageUnevictable(page);
863 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageLRU(page), page);
867 * Page becomes evictable in two ways:
868 * 1) Within LRU lock [munlock_vma_pages() and __munlock_pagevec()].
869 * 2) Before acquiring LRU lock to put the page to correct LRU and then
870 * a) do PageLRU check with lock [check_move_unevictable_pages]
871 * b) do PageLRU check before lock [clear_page_mlock]
873 * (1) & (2a) are ok as LRU lock will serialize them. For (2b), we need
874 * following strict ordering:
876 * #0: __pagevec_lru_add_fn #1: clear_page_mlock
878 * SetPageLRU() TestClearPageMlocked()
879 * smp_mb() // explicit ordering // above provides strict
881 * PageMlocked() PageLRU()
884 * if '#1' does not observe setting of PG_lru by '#0' and fails
885 * isolation, the explicit barrier will make sure that page_evictable
886 * check will put the page in correct LRU. Without smp_mb(), SetPageLRU
887 * can be reordered after PageMlocked check and can make '#1' to fail
888 * the isolation of the page whose Mlocked bit is cleared (#0 is also
889 * looking at the same page) and the evictable page will be stranded
890 * in an unevictable LRU.
894 if (page_evictable(page)) {
895 lru = page_lru(page);
896 update_page_reclaim_stat(lruvec, page_is_file_cache(page),
899 count_vm_event(UNEVICTABLE_PGRESCUED);
901 lru = LRU_UNEVICTABLE;
902 ClearPageActive(page);
903 SetPageUnevictable(page);
904 if (!was_unevictable)
905 count_vm_event(UNEVICTABLE_PGCULLED);
908 add_page_to_lru_list(page, lruvec, lru);
909 trace_mm_lru_insertion(page, lru);
913 * Add the passed pages to the LRU, then drop the caller's refcount
914 * on them. Reinitialises the caller's pagevec.
916 void __pagevec_lru_add(struct pagevec *pvec)
918 pagevec_lru_move_fn(pvec, __pagevec_lru_add_fn, NULL);
920 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__pagevec_lru_add);
923 * pagevec_lookup_entries - gang pagecache lookup
924 * @pvec: Where the resulting entries are placed
925 * @mapping: The address_space to search
926 * @start: The starting entry index
927 * @nr_entries: The maximum number of pages
928 * @indices: The cache indices corresponding to the entries in @pvec
930 * pagevec_lookup_entries() will search for and return a group of up
931 * to @nr_pages pages and shadow entries in the mapping. All
932 * entries are placed in @pvec. pagevec_lookup_entries() takes a
933 * reference against actual pages in @pvec.
935 * The search returns a group of mapping-contiguous entries with
936 * ascending indexes. There may be holes in the indices due to
937 * not-present entries.
939 * pagevec_lookup_entries() returns the number of entries which were
942 unsigned pagevec_lookup_entries(struct pagevec *pvec,
943 struct address_space *mapping,
944 pgoff_t start, unsigned nr_entries,
947 pvec->nr = find_get_entries(mapping, start, nr_entries,
948 pvec->pages, indices);
949 return pagevec_count(pvec);
953 * pagevec_remove_exceptionals - pagevec exceptionals pruning
954 * @pvec: The pagevec to prune
956 * pagevec_lookup_entries() fills both pages and exceptional radix
957 * tree entries into the pagevec. This function prunes all
958 * exceptionals from @pvec without leaving holes, so that it can be
959 * passed on to page-only pagevec operations.
961 void pagevec_remove_exceptionals(struct pagevec *pvec)
965 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < pagevec_count(pvec); i++) {
966 struct page *page = pvec->pages[i];
967 if (!xa_is_value(page))
968 pvec->pages[j++] = page;
974 * pagevec_lookup_range - gang pagecache lookup
975 * @pvec: Where the resulting pages are placed
976 * @mapping: The address_space to search
977 * @start: The starting page index
978 * @end: The final page index
980 * pagevec_lookup_range() will search for & return a group of up to PAGEVEC_SIZE
981 * pages in the mapping starting from index @start and upto index @end
982 * (inclusive). The pages are placed in @pvec. pagevec_lookup() takes a
983 * reference against the pages in @pvec.
985 * The search returns a group of mapping-contiguous pages with ascending
986 * indexes. There may be holes in the indices due to not-present pages. We
987 * also update @start to index the next page for the traversal.
989 * pagevec_lookup_range() returns the number of pages which were found. If this
990 * number is smaller than PAGEVEC_SIZE, the end of specified range has been
993 unsigned pagevec_lookup_range(struct pagevec *pvec,
994 struct address_space *mapping, pgoff_t *start, pgoff_t end)
996 pvec->nr = find_get_pages_range(mapping, start, end, PAGEVEC_SIZE,
998 return pagevec_count(pvec);
1000 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pagevec_lookup_range);
1002 unsigned pagevec_lookup_range_tag(struct pagevec *pvec,
1003 struct address_space *mapping, pgoff_t *index, pgoff_t end,
1006 pvec->nr = find_get_pages_range_tag(mapping, index, end, tag,
1007 PAGEVEC_SIZE, pvec->pages);
1008 return pagevec_count(pvec);
1010 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pagevec_lookup_range_tag);
1012 unsigned pagevec_lookup_range_nr_tag(struct pagevec *pvec,
1013 struct address_space *mapping, pgoff_t *index, pgoff_t end,
1014 xa_mark_t tag, unsigned max_pages)
1016 pvec->nr = find_get_pages_range_tag(mapping, index, end, tag,
1017 min_t(unsigned int, max_pages, PAGEVEC_SIZE), pvec->pages);
1018 return pagevec_count(pvec);
1020 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pagevec_lookup_range_nr_tag);
1022 * Perform any setup for the swap system
1024 void __init swap_setup(void)
1026 unsigned long megs = totalram_pages >> (20 - PAGE_SHIFT);
1028 /* Use a smaller cluster for small-memory machines */
1034 * Right now other parts of the system means that we
1035 * _really_ don't want to cluster much more