1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
4 #include <linux/memblock.h>
5 #include <linux/page_ext.h>
6 #include <linux/memory.h>
7 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
8 #include <linux/kmemleak.h>
9 #include <linux/page_owner.h>
10 #include <linux/page_idle.h>
13 * struct page extension
15 * This is the feature to manage memory for extended data per page.
17 * Until now, we must modify struct page itself to store extra data per page.
18 * This requires rebuilding the kernel and it is really time consuming process.
19 * And, sometimes, rebuild is impossible due to third party module dependency.
20 * At last, enlarging struct page could cause un-wanted system behaviour change.
22 * This feature is intended to overcome above mentioned problems. This feature
23 * allocates memory for extended data per page in certain place rather than
24 * the struct page itself. This memory can be accessed by the accessor
25 * functions provided by this code. During the boot process, it checks whether
26 * allocation of huge chunk of memory is needed or not. If not, it avoids
27 * allocating memory at all. With this advantage, we can include this feature
28 * into the kernel in default and can avoid rebuild and solve related problems.
30 * To help these things to work well, there are two callbacks for clients. One
31 * is the need callback which is mandatory if user wants to avoid useless
32 * memory allocation at boot-time. The other is optional, init callback, which
33 * is used to do proper initialization after memory is allocated.
35 * The need callback is used to decide whether extended memory allocation is
36 * needed or not. Sometimes users want to deactivate some features in this
37 * boot and extra memory would be unnecessary. In this case, to avoid
38 * allocating huge chunk of memory, each clients represent their need of
39 * extra memory through the need callback. If one of the need callbacks
40 * returns true, it means that someone needs extra memory so that
41 * page extension core should allocates memory for page extension. If
42 * none of need callbacks return true, memory isn't needed at all in this boot
43 * and page extension core can skip to allocate memory. As result,
44 * none of memory is wasted.
46 * When need callback returns true, page_ext checks if there is a request for
47 * extra memory through size in struct page_ext_operations. If it is non-zero,
48 * extra space is allocated for each page_ext entry and offset is returned to
49 * user through offset in struct page_ext_operations.
51 * The init callback is used to do proper initialization after page extension
52 * is completely initialized. In sparse memory system, extra memory is
53 * allocated some time later than memmap is allocated. In other words, lifetime
54 * of memory for page extension isn't same with memmap for struct page.
55 * Therefore, clients can't store extra data until page extension is
56 * initialized, even if pages are allocated and used freely. This could
57 * cause inadequate state of extra data per page, so, to prevent it, client
58 * can utilize this callback to initialize the state of it correctly.
61 static struct page_ext_operations *page_ext_ops[] = {
62 #ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_OWNER
65 #if defined(CONFIG_IDLE_PAGE_TRACKING) && !defined(CONFIG_64BIT)
70 unsigned long page_ext_size = sizeof(struct page_ext);
72 static unsigned long total_usage;
74 static bool __init invoke_need_callbacks(void)
77 int entries = ARRAY_SIZE(page_ext_ops);
80 for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
81 if (page_ext_ops[i]->need && page_ext_ops[i]->need()) {
82 page_ext_ops[i]->offset = page_ext_size;
83 page_ext_size += page_ext_ops[i]->size;
91 static void __init invoke_init_callbacks(void)
94 int entries = ARRAY_SIZE(page_ext_ops);
96 for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
97 if (page_ext_ops[i]->init)
98 page_ext_ops[i]->init();
102 #ifndef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
103 void __init page_ext_init_flatmem_late(void)
105 invoke_init_callbacks();
109 static inline struct page_ext *get_entry(void *base, unsigned long index)
111 return base + page_ext_size * index;
114 #ifndef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
117 void __meminit pgdat_page_ext_init(struct pglist_data *pgdat)
119 pgdat->node_page_ext = NULL;
122 struct page_ext *lookup_page_ext(const struct page *page)
124 unsigned long pfn = page_to_pfn(page);
126 struct page_ext *base;
128 base = NODE_DATA(page_to_nid(page))->node_page_ext;
130 * The sanity checks the page allocator does upon freeing a
131 * page can reach here before the page_ext arrays are
132 * allocated when feeding a range of pages to the allocator
133 * for the first time during bootup or memory hotplug.
137 index = pfn - round_down(node_start_pfn(page_to_nid(page)),
139 return get_entry(base, index);
142 static int __init alloc_node_page_ext(int nid)
144 struct page_ext *base;
145 unsigned long table_size;
146 unsigned long nr_pages;
148 nr_pages = NODE_DATA(nid)->node_spanned_pages;
153 * Need extra space if node range is not aligned with
154 * MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES. When page allocator's buddy algorithm
155 * checks buddy's status, range could be out of exact node range.
157 if (!IS_ALIGNED(node_start_pfn(nid), MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES) ||
158 !IS_ALIGNED(node_end_pfn(nid), MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES))
159 nr_pages += MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES;
161 table_size = page_ext_size * nr_pages;
163 base = memblock_alloc_try_nid(
164 table_size, PAGE_SIZE, __pa(MAX_DMA_ADDRESS),
165 MEMBLOCK_ALLOC_ACCESSIBLE, nid);
168 NODE_DATA(nid)->node_page_ext = base;
169 total_usage += table_size;
173 void __init page_ext_init_flatmem(void)
178 if (!invoke_need_callbacks())
181 for_each_online_node(nid) {
182 fail = alloc_node_page_ext(nid);
186 pr_info("allocated %ld bytes of page_ext\n", total_usage);
190 pr_crit("allocation of page_ext failed.\n");
191 panic("Out of memory");
194 #else /* CONFIG_FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP */
196 struct page_ext *lookup_page_ext(const struct page *page)
198 unsigned long pfn = page_to_pfn(page);
199 struct mem_section *section = __pfn_to_section(pfn);
201 * The sanity checks the page allocator does upon freeing a
202 * page can reach here before the page_ext arrays are
203 * allocated when feeding a range of pages to the allocator
204 * for the first time during bootup or memory hotplug.
206 if (!section->page_ext)
208 return get_entry(section->page_ext, pfn);
211 static void *__meminit alloc_page_ext(size_t size, int nid)
213 gfp_t flags = GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO | __GFP_NOWARN;
216 addr = alloc_pages_exact_nid(nid, size, flags);
218 kmemleak_alloc(addr, size, 1, flags);
222 addr = vzalloc_node(size, nid);
227 static int __meminit init_section_page_ext(unsigned long pfn, int nid)
229 struct mem_section *section;
230 struct page_ext *base;
231 unsigned long table_size;
233 section = __pfn_to_section(pfn);
235 if (section->page_ext)
238 table_size = page_ext_size * PAGES_PER_SECTION;
239 base = alloc_page_ext(table_size, nid);
242 * The value stored in section->page_ext is (base - pfn)
243 * and it does not point to the memory block allocated above,
244 * causing kmemleak false positives.
246 kmemleak_not_leak(base);
249 pr_err("page ext allocation failure\n");
254 * The passed "pfn" may not be aligned to SECTION. For the calculation
255 * we need to apply a mask.
257 pfn &= PAGE_SECTION_MASK;
258 section->page_ext = (void *)base - page_ext_size * pfn;
259 total_usage += table_size;
262 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
263 static void free_page_ext(void *addr)
265 if (is_vmalloc_addr(addr)) {
268 struct page *page = virt_to_page(addr);
271 table_size = page_ext_size * PAGES_PER_SECTION;
273 BUG_ON(PageReserved(page));
275 free_pages_exact(addr, table_size);
279 static void __free_page_ext(unsigned long pfn)
281 struct mem_section *ms;
282 struct page_ext *base;
284 ms = __pfn_to_section(pfn);
285 if (!ms || !ms->page_ext)
287 base = get_entry(ms->page_ext, pfn);
292 static int __meminit online_page_ext(unsigned long start_pfn,
293 unsigned long nr_pages,
296 unsigned long start, end, pfn;
299 start = SECTION_ALIGN_DOWN(start_pfn);
300 end = SECTION_ALIGN_UP(start_pfn + nr_pages);
302 if (nid == NUMA_NO_NODE) {
304 * In this case, "nid" already exists and contains valid memory.
305 * "start_pfn" passed to us is a pfn which is an arg for
306 * online__pages(), and start_pfn should exist.
308 nid = pfn_to_nid(start_pfn);
309 VM_BUG_ON(!node_state(nid, N_ONLINE));
312 for (pfn = start; !fail && pfn < end; pfn += PAGES_PER_SECTION)
313 fail = init_section_page_ext(pfn, nid);
318 for (pfn = start; pfn < end; pfn += PAGES_PER_SECTION)
319 __free_page_ext(pfn);
324 static int __meminit offline_page_ext(unsigned long start_pfn,
325 unsigned long nr_pages, int nid)
327 unsigned long start, end, pfn;
329 start = SECTION_ALIGN_DOWN(start_pfn);
330 end = SECTION_ALIGN_UP(start_pfn + nr_pages);
332 for (pfn = start; pfn < end; pfn += PAGES_PER_SECTION)
333 __free_page_ext(pfn);
338 static int __meminit page_ext_callback(struct notifier_block *self,
339 unsigned long action, void *arg)
341 struct memory_notify *mn = arg;
345 case MEM_GOING_ONLINE:
346 ret = online_page_ext(mn->start_pfn,
347 mn->nr_pages, mn->status_change_nid);
350 offline_page_ext(mn->start_pfn,
351 mn->nr_pages, mn->status_change_nid);
353 case MEM_CANCEL_ONLINE:
354 offline_page_ext(mn->start_pfn,
355 mn->nr_pages, mn->status_change_nid);
357 case MEM_GOING_OFFLINE:
360 case MEM_CANCEL_OFFLINE:
364 return notifier_from_errno(ret);
369 void __init page_ext_init(void)
374 if (!invoke_need_callbacks())
377 for_each_node_state(nid, N_MEMORY) {
378 unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
380 start_pfn = node_start_pfn(nid);
381 end_pfn = node_end_pfn(nid);
383 * start_pfn and end_pfn may not be aligned to SECTION and the
384 * page->flags of out of node pages are not initialized. So we
385 * scan [start_pfn, the biggest section's pfn < end_pfn) here.
387 for (pfn = start_pfn; pfn < end_pfn;
388 pfn = ALIGN(pfn + 1, PAGES_PER_SECTION)) {
393 * Nodes's pfns can be overlapping.
394 * We know some arch can have a nodes layout such as
395 * -------------pfn-------------->
396 * N0 | N1 | N2 | N0 | N1 | N2|....
398 if (pfn_to_nid(pfn) != nid)
400 if (init_section_page_ext(pfn, nid))
405 hotplug_memory_notifier(page_ext_callback, 0);
406 pr_info("allocated %ld bytes of page_ext\n", total_usage);
407 invoke_init_callbacks();
411 panic("Out of memory");
414 void __meminit pgdat_page_ext_init(struct pglist_data *pgdat)