1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
5 * (C) Copyright 1995 Linus Torvalds
6 * (C) Copyright 2002 Christoph Hellwig
9 #include <linux/capability.h>
10 #include <linux/mman.h>
12 #include <linux/sched/user.h>
13 #include <linux/swap.h>
14 #include <linux/swapops.h>
15 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
16 #include <linux/pagevec.h>
17 #include <linux/pagewalk.h>
18 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
19 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
20 #include <linux/sched.h>
21 #include <linux/export.h>
22 #include <linux/rmap.h>
23 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
24 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
25 #include <linux/memcontrol.h>
26 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
27 #include <linux/secretmem.h>
33 struct folio_batch fbatch;
36 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mlock_fbatch, mlock_fbatch) = {
37 .lock = INIT_LOCAL_LOCK(lock),
40 bool can_do_mlock(void)
42 if (rlimit(RLIMIT_MEMLOCK) != 0)
44 if (capable(CAP_IPC_LOCK))
48 EXPORT_SYMBOL(can_do_mlock);
51 * Mlocked folios are marked with the PG_mlocked flag for efficient testing
52 * in vmscan and, possibly, the fault path; and to support semi-accurate
55 * An mlocked folio [folio_test_mlocked(folio)] is unevictable. As such, it
56 * will be ostensibly placed on the LRU "unevictable" list (actually no such
57 * list exists), rather than the [in]active lists. PG_unevictable is set to
58 * indicate the unevictable state.
61 static struct lruvec *__mlock_folio(struct folio *folio, struct lruvec *lruvec)
63 /* There is nothing more we can do while it's off LRU */
64 if (!folio_test_clear_lru(folio))
67 lruvec = folio_lruvec_relock_irq(folio, lruvec);
69 if (unlikely(folio_evictable(folio))) {
71 * This is a little surprising, but quite possible: PG_mlocked
72 * must have got cleared already by another CPU. Could this
73 * folio be unevictable? I'm not sure, but move it now if so.
75 if (folio_test_unevictable(folio)) {
76 lruvec_del_folio(lruvec, folio);
77 folio_clear_unevictable(folio);
78 lruvec_add_folio(lruvec, folio);
80 __count_vm_events(UNEVICTABLE_PGRESCUED,
81 folio_nr_pages(folio));
86 if (folio_test_unevictable(folio)) {
87 if (folio_test_mlocked(folio))
92 lruvec_del_folio(lruvec, folio);
93 folio_clear_active(folio);
94 folio_set_unevictable(folio);
95 folio->mlock_count = !!folio_test_mlocked(folio);
96 lruvec_add_folio(lruvec, folio);
97 __count_vm_events(UNEVICTABLE_PGCULLED, folio_nr_pages(folio));
103 static struct lruvec *__mlock_new_folio(struct folio *folio, struct lruvec *lruvec)
105 VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(folio_test_lru(folio), folio);
107 lruvec = folio_lruvec_relock_irq(folio, lruvec);
109 /* As above, this is a little surprising, but possible */
110 if (unlikely(folio_evictable(folio)))
113 folio_set_unevictable(folio);
114 folio->mlock_count = !!folio_test_mlocked(folio);
115 __count_vm_events(UNEVICTABLE_PGCULLED, folio_nr_pages(folio));
117 lruvec_add_folio(lruvec, folio);
118 folio_set_lru(folio);
122 static struct lruvec *__munlock_folio(struct folio *folio, struct lruvec *lruvec)
124 int nr_pages = folio_nr_pages(folio);
125 bool isolated = false;
127 if (!folio_test_clear_lru(folio))
131 lruvec = folio_lruvec_relock_irq(folio, lruvec);
133 if (folio_test_unevictable(folio)) {
134 /* Then mlock_count is maintained, but might undercount */
135 if (folio->mlock_count)
136 folio->mlock_count--;
137 if (folio->mlock_count)
140 /* else assume that was the last mlock: reclaim will fix it if not */
143 if (folio_test_clear_mlocked(folio)) {
144 __zone_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_MLOCK, -nr_pages);
145 if (isolated || !folio_test_unevictable(folio))
146 __count_vm_events(UNEVICTABLE_PGMUNLOCKED, nr_pages);
148 __count_vm_events(UNEVICTABLE_PGSTRANDED, nr_pages);
151 /* folio_evictable() has to be checked *after* clearing Mlocked */
152 if (isolated && folio_test_unevictable(folio) && folio_evictable(folio)) {
153 lruvec_del_folio(lruvec, folio);
154 folio_clear_unevictable(folio);
155 lruvec_add_folio(lruvec, folio);
156 __count_vm_events(UNEVICTABLE_PGRESCUED, nr_pages);
160 folio_set_lru(folio);
165 * Flags held in the low bits of a struct folio pointer on the mlock_fbatch.
167 #define LRU_FOLIO 0x1
168 #define NEW_FOLIO 0x2
169 static inline struct folio *mlock_lru(struct folio *folio)
171 return (struct folio *)((unsigned long)folio + LRU_FOLIO);
174 static inline struct folio *mlock_new(struct folio *folio)
176 return (struct folio *)((unsigned long)folio + NEW_FOLIO);
180 * mlock_folio_batch() is derived from folio_batch_move_lru(): perhaps that can
181 * make use of such folio pointer flags in future, but for now just keep it for
182 * mlock. We could use three separate folio batches instead, but one feels
183 * better (munlocking a full folio batch does not need to drain mlocking folio
186 static void mlock_folio_batch(struct folio_batch *fbatch)
188 struct lruvec *lruvec = NULL;
193 for (i = 0; i < folio_batch_count(fbatch); i++) {
194 folio = fbatch->folios[i];
195 mlock = (unsigned long)folio & (LRU_FOLIO | NEW_FOLIO);
196 folio = (struct folio *)((unsigned long)folio - mlock);
197 fbatch->folios[i] = folio;
199 if (mlock & LRU_FOLIO)
200 lruvec = __mlock_folio(folio, lruvec);
201 else if (mlock & NEW_FOLIO)
202 lruvec = __mlock_new_folio(folio, lruvec);
204 lruvec = __munlock_folio(folio, lruvec);
208 unlock_page_lruvec_irq(lruvec);
209 folios_put(fbatch->folios, folio_batch_count(fbatch));
210 folio_batch_reinit(fbatch);
213 void mlock_drain_local(void)
215 struct folio_batch *fbatch;
217 local_lock(&mlock_fbatch.lock);
218 fbatch = this_cpu_ptr(&mlock_fbatch.fbatch);
219 if (folio_batch_count(fbatch))
220 mlock_folio_batch(fbatch);
221 local_unlock(&mlock_fbatch.lock);
224 void mlock_drain_remote(int cpu)
226 struct folio_batch *fbatch;
228 WARN_ON_ONCE(cpu_online(cpu));
229 fbatch = &per_cpu(mlock_fbatch.fbatch, cpu);
230 if (folio_batch_count(fbatch))
231 mlock_folio_batch(fbatch);
234 bool need_mlock_drain(int cpu)
236 return folio_batch_count(&per_cpu(mlock_fbatch.fbatch, cpu));
240 * mlock_folio - mlock a folio already on (or temporarily off) LRU
241 * @folio: folio to be mlocked.
243 void mlock_folio(struct folio *folio)
245 struct folio_batch *fbatch;
247 local_lock(&mlock_fbatch.lock);
248 fbatch = this_cpu_ptr(&mlock_fbatch.fbatch);
250 if (!folio_test_set_mlocked(folio)) {
251 int nr_pages = folio_nr_pages(folio);
253 zone_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_MLOCK, nr_pages);
254 __count_vm_events(UNEVICTABLE_PGMLOCKED, nr_pages);
258 if (!folio_batch_add(fbatch, mlock_lru(folio)) ||
259 folio_test_large(folio) || lru_cache_disabled())
260 mlock_folio_batch(fbatch);
261 local_unlock(&mlock_fbatch.lock);
265 * mlock_new_folio - mlock a newly allocated folio not yet on LRU
266 * @folio: folio to be mlocked, either normal or a THP head.
268 void mlock_new_folio(struct folio *folio)
270 struct folio_batch *fbatch;
271 int nr_pages = folio_nr_pages(folio);
273 local_lock(&mlock_fbatch.lock);
274 fbatch = this_cpu_ptr(&mlock_fbatch.fbatch);
275 folio_set_mlocked(folio);
277 zone_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_MLOCK, nr_pages);
278 __count_vm_events(UNEVICTABLE_PGMLOCKED, nr_pages);
281 if (!folio_batch_add(fbatch, mlock_new(folio)) ||
282 folio_test_large(folio) || lru_cache_disabled())
283 mlock_folio_batch(fbatch);
284 local_unlock(&mlock_fbatch.lock);
288 * munlock_folio - munlock a folio
289 * @folio: folio to be munlocked, either normal or a THP head.
291 void munlock_folio(struct folio *folio)
293 struct folio_batch *fbatch;
295 local_lock(&mlock_fbatch.lock);
296 fbatch = this_cpu_ptr(&mlock_fbatch.fbatch);
298 * folio_test_clear_mlocked(folio) must be left to __munlock_folio(),
299 * which will check whether the folio is multiply mlocked.
302 if (!folio_batch_add(fbatch, folio) ||
303 folio_test_large(folio) || lru_cache_disabled())
304 mlock_folio_batch(fbatch);
305 local_unlock(&mlock_fbatch.lock);
308 static int mlock_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
309 unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
312 struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
314 pte_t *start_pte, *pte;
317 ptl = pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma);
319 if (!pmd_present(*pmd))
321 if (is_huge_zero_pmd(*pmd))
323 folio = page_folio(pmd_page(*pmd));
324 if (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED)
327 munlock_folio(folio);
331 start_pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
332 for (pte = start_pte; addr != end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
333 if (!pte_present(*pte))
335 folio = vm_normal_folio(vma, addr, *pte);
336 if (!folio || folio_is_zone_device(folio))
338 if (folio_test_large(folio))
340 if (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED)
343 munlock_folio(folio);
345 pte_unmap(start_pte);
353 * mlock_vma_pages_range() - mlock any pages already in the range,
354 * or munlock all pages in the range.
355 * @vma - vma containing range to be mlock()ed or munlock()ed
356 * @start - start address in @vma of the range
357 * @end - end of range in @vma
358 * @newflags - the new set of flags for @vma.
360 * Called for mlock(), mlock2() and mlockall(), to set @vma VM_LOCKED;
361 * called for munlock() and munlockall(), to clear VM_LOCKED from @vma.
363 static void mlock_vma_pages_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
364 unsigned long start, unsigned long end, vm_flags_t newflags)
366 static const struct mm_walk_ops mlock_walk_ops = {
367 .pmd_entry = mlock_pte_range,
371 * There is a slight chance that concurrent page migration,
372 * or page reclaim finding a page of this now-VM_LOCKED vma,
373 * will call mlock_vma_folio() and raise page's mlock_count:
374 * double counting, leaving the page unevictable indefinitely.
375 * Communicate this danger to mlock_vma_folio() with VM_IO,
376 * which is a VM_SPECIAL flag not allowed on VM_LOCKED vmas.
377 * mmap_lock is held in write mode here, so this weird
378 * combination should not be visible to other mmap_lock users;
379 * but WRITE_ONCE so rmap walkers must see VM_IO if VM_LOCKED.
381 if (newflags & VM_LOCKED)
383 vm_flags_reset_once(vma, newflags);
386 walk_page_range(vma->vm_mm, start, end, &mlock_walk_ops, NULL);
389 if (newflags & VM_IO) {
391 vm_flags_reset_once(vma, newflags);
396 * mlock_fixup - handle mlock[all]/munlock[all] requests.
398 * Filters out "special" vmas -- VM_LOCKED never gets set for these, and
399 * munlock is a no-op. However, for some special vmas, we go ahead and
402 * For vmas that pass the filters, merge/split as appropriate.
404 static int mlock_fixup(struct vma_iterator *vmi, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
405 struct vm_area_struct **prev, unsigned long start,
406 unsigned long end, vm_flags_t newflags)
408 struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
412 vm_flags_t oldflags = vma->vm_flags;
414 if (newflags == oldflags || (oldflags & VM_SPECIAL) ||
415 is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma) || vma == get_gate_vma(current->mm) ||
416 vma_is_dax(vma) || vma_is_secretmem(vma))
417 /* don't set VM_LOCKED or VM_LOCKONFAULT and don't count */
420 pgoff = vma->vm_pgoff + ((start - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
421 *prev = vma_merge(vmi, mm, *prev, start, end, newflags,
422 vma->anon_vma, vma->vm_file, pgoff, vma_policy(vma),
423 vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx, anon_vma_name(vma));
429 if (start != vma->vm_start) {
430 ret = split_vma(vmi, vma, start, 1);
435 if (end != vma->vm_end) {
436 ret = split_vma(vmi, vma, end, 0);
443 * Keep track of amount of locked VM.
445 nr_pages = (end - start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
446 if (!(newflags & VM_LOCKED))
447 nr_pages = -nr_pages;
448 else if (oldflags & VM_LOCKED)
450 mm->locked_vm += nr_pages;
453 * vm_flags is protected by the mmap_lock held in write mode.
454 * It's okay if try_to_unmap_one unmaps a page just after we
455 * set VM_LOCKED, populate_vma_page_range will bring it back.
458 if ((newflags & VM_LOCKED) && (oldflags & VM_LOCKED)) {
459 /* No work to do, and mlocking twice would be wrong */
460 vm_flags_reset(vma, newflags);
462 mlock_vma_pages_range(vma, start, end, newflags);
469 static int apply_vma_lock_flags(unsigned long start, size_t len,
472 unsigned long nstart, end, tmp;
473 struct vm_area_struct *vma, *prev;
475 VMA_ITERATOR(vmi, current->mm, start);
477 VM_BUG_ON(offset_in_page(start));
478 VM_BUG_ON(len != PAGE_ALIGN(len));
484 vma = vma_iter_load(&vmi);
488 prev = vma_prev(&vmi);
489 if (start > vma->vm_start)
494 for_each_vma_range(vmi, vma, end) {
497 if (vma->vm_start != tmp)
500 newflags = vma->vm_flags & ~VM_LOCKED_MASK;
502 /* Here we know that vma->vm_start <= nstart < vma->vm_end. */
506 error = mlock_fixup(&vmi, vma, &prev, nstart, tmp, newflags);
512 if (vma_iter_end(&vmi) < end)
519 * Go through vma areas and sum size of mlocked
520 * vma pages, as return value.
521 * Note deferred memory locking case(mlock2(,,MLOCK_ONFAULT)
523 * Return value: previously mlocked page counts
525 static unsigned long count_mm_mlocked_page_nr(struct mm_struct *mm,
526 unsigned long start, size_t len)
528 struct vm_area_struct *vma;
529 unsigned long count = 0;
531 VMA_ITERATOR(vmi, mm, start);
533 /* Don't overflow past ULONG_MAX */
534 if (unlikely(ULONG_MAX - len < start))
539 for_each_vma_range(vmi, vma, end) {
540 if (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED) {
541 if (start > vma->vm_start)
542 count -= (start - vma->vm_start);
543 if (end < vma->vm_end) {
544 count += end - vma->vm_start;
547 count += vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start;
551 return count >> PAGE_SHIFT;
555 * convert get_user_pages() return value to posix mlock() error
557 static int __mlock_posix_error_return(long retval)
559 if (retval == -EFAULT)
561 else if (retval == -ENOMEM)
566 static __must_check int do_mlock(unsigned long start, size_t len, vm_flags_t flags)
568 unsigned long locked;
569 unsigned long lock_limit;
572 start = untagged_addr(start);
577 len = PAGE_ALIGN(len + (offset_in_page(start)));
580 lock_limit = rlimit(RLIMIT_MEMLOCK);
581 lock_limit >>= PAGE_SHIFT;
582 locked = len >> PAGE_SHIFT;
584 if (mmap_write_lock_killable(current->mm))
587 locked += current->mm->locked_vm;
588 if ((locked > lock_limit) && (!capable(CAP_IPC_LOCK))) {
590 * It is possible that the regions requested intersect with
591 * previously mlocked areas, that part area in "mm->locked_vm"
592 * should not be counted to new mlock increment count. So check
593 * and adjust locked count if necessary.
595 locked -= count_mm_mlocked_page_nr(current->mm,
599 /* check against resource limits */
600 if ((locked <= lock_limit) || capable(CAP_IPC_LOCK))
601 error = apply_vma_lock_flags(start, len, flags);
603 mmap_write_unlock(current->mm);
607 error = __mm_populate(start, len, 0);
609 return __mlock_posix_error_return(error);
613 SYSCALL_DEFINE2(mlock, unsigned long, start, size_t, len)
615 return do_mlock(start, len, VM_LOCKED);
618 SYSCALL_DEFINE3(mlock2, unsigned long, start, size_t, len, int, flags)
620 vm_flags_t vm_flags = VM_LOCKED;
622 if (flags & ~MLOCK_ONFAULT)
625 if (flags & MLOCK_ONFAULT)
626 vm_flags |= VM_LOCKONFAULT;
628 return do_mlock(start, len, vm_flags);
631 SYSCALL_DEFINE2(munlock, unsigned long, start, size_t, len)
635 start = untagged_addr(start);
637 len = PAGE_ALIGN(len + (offset_in_page(start)));
640 if (mmap_write_lock_killable(current->mm))
642 ret = apply_vma_lock_flags(start, len, 0);
643 mmap_write_unlock(current->mm);
649 * Take the MCL_* flags passed into mlockall (or 0 if called from munlockall)
650 * and translate into the appropriate modifications to mm->def_flags and/or the
651 * flags for all current VMAs.
653 * There are a couple of subtleties with this. If mlockall() is called multiple
654 * times with different flags, the values do not necessarily stack. If mlockall
655 * is called once including the MCL_FUTURE flag and then a second time without
656 * it, VM_LOCKED and VM_LOCKONFAULT will be cleared from mm->def_flags.
658 static int apply_mlockall_flags(int flags)
660 VMA_ITERATOR(vmi, current->mm, 0);
661 struct vm_area_struct *vma, *prev = NULL;
662 vm_flags_t to_add = 0;
664 current->mm->def_flags &= ~VM_LOCKED_MASK;
665 if (flags & MCL_FUTURE) {
666 current->mm->def_flags |= VM_LOCKED;
668 if (flags & MCL_ONFAULT)
669 current->mm->def_flags |= VM_LOCKONFAULT;
671 if (!(flags & MCL_CURRENT))
675 if (flags & MCL_CURRENT) {
677 if (flags & MCL_ONFAULT)
678 to_add |= VM_LOCKONFAULT;
681 for_each_vma(vmi, vma) {
684 newflags = vma->vm_flags & ~VM_LOCKED_MASK;
688 mlock_fixup(&vmi, vma, &prev, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end,
696 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(mlockall, int, flags)
698 unsigned long lock_limit;
701 if (!flags || (flags & ~(MCL_CURRENT | MCL_FUTURE | MCL_ONFAULT)) ||
702 flags == MCL_ONFAULT)
708 lock_limit = rlimit(RLIMIT_MEMLOCK);
709 lock_limit >>= PAGE_SHIFT;
711 if (mmap_write_lock_killable(current->mm))
715 if (!(flags & MCL_CURRENT) || (current->mm->total_vm <= lock_limit) ||
716 capable(CAP_IPC_LOCK))
717 ret = apply_mlockall_flags(flags);
718 mmap_write_unlock(current->mm);
719 if (!ret && (flags & MCL_CURRENT))
720 mm_populate(0, TASK_SIZE);
725 SYSCALL_DEFINE0(munlockall)
729 if (mmap_write_lock_killable(current->mm))
731 ret = apply_mlockall_flags(0);
732 mmap_write_unlock(current->mm);
737 * Objects with different lifetime than processes (SHM_LOCK and SHM_HUGETLB
738 * shm segments) get accounted against the user_struct instead.
740 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(shmlock_user_lock);
742 int user_shm_lock(size_t size, struct ucounts *ucounts)
744 unsigned long lock_limit, locked;
748 locked = (size + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
749 lock_limit = rlimit(RLIMIT_MEMLOCK);
750 if (lock_limit != RLIM_INFINITY)
751 lock_limit >>= PAGE_SHIFT;
752 spin_lock(&shmlock_user_lock);
753 memlock = inc_rlimit_ucounts(ucounts, UCOUNT_RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, locked);
755 if ((memlock == LONG_MAX || memlock > lock_limit) && !capable(CAP_IPC_LOCK)) {
756 dec_rlimit_ucounts(ucounts, UCOUNT_RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, locked);
759 if (!get_ucounts(ucounts)) {
760 dec_rlimit_ucounts(ucounts, UCOUNT_RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, locked);
766 spin_unlock(&shmlock_user_lock);
770 void user_shm_unlock(size_t size, struct ucounts *ucounts)
772 spin_lock(&shmlock_user_lock);
773 dec_rlimit_ucounts(ucounts, UCOUNT_RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, (size + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
774 spin_unlock(&shmlock_user_lock);
775 put_ucounts(ucounts);