1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
5 * This code provides the generic "frontend" layer to call a matching
6 * "backend" driver implementation of frontswap. See
7 * Documentation/vm/frontswap.rst for more information.
9 * Copyright (C) 2009-2012 Oracle Corp. All rights reserved.
10 * Author: Dan Magenheimer
13 #include <linux/mman.h>
14 #include <linux/swap.h>
15 #include <linux/swapops.h>
16 #include <linux/security.h>
17 #include <linux/module.h>
18 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
19 #include <linux/frontswap.h>
20 #include <linux/swapfile.h>
22 DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(frontswap_enabled_key);
25 * frontswap_ops are added by frontswap_register_ops, and provide the
26 * frontswap "backend" implementation functions. Multiple implementations
27 * may be registered, but implementations can never deregister. This
28 * is a simple singly-linked list of all registered implementations.
30 static const struct frontswap_ops *frontswap_ops __read_mostly;
32 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
34 * Counters available via /sys/kernel/debug/frontswap (if debugfs is
35 * properly configured). These are for information only so are not protected
36 * against increment races.
38 static u64 frontswap_loads;
39 static u64 frontswap_succ_stores;
40 static u64 frontswap_failed_stores;
41 static u64 frontswap_invalidates;
43 static inline void inc_frontswap_loads(void)
45 data_race(frontswap_loads++);
47 static inline void inc_frontswap_succ_stores(void)
49 data_race(frontswap_succ_stores++);
51 static inline void inc_frontswap_failed_stores(void)
53 data_race(frontswap_failed_stores++);
55 static inline void inc_frontswap_invalidates(void)
57 data_race(frontswap_invalidates++);
60 static inline void inc_frontswap_loads(void) { }
61 static inline void inc_frontswap_succ_stores(void) { }
62 static inline void inc_frontswap_failed_stores(void) { }
63 static inline void inc_frontswap_invalidates(void) { }
67 * Due to the asynchronous nature of the backends loading potentially
68 * _after_ the swap system has been activated, we have chokepoints
69 * on all frontswap functions to not call the backend until the backend
72 * This would not guards us against the user deciding to call swapoff right as
73 * we are calling the backend to initialize (so swapon is in action).
74 * Fortunately for us, the swapon_mutex has been taken by the callee so we are
75 * OK. The other scenario where calls to frontswap_store (called via
76 * swap_writepage) is racing with frontswap_invalidate_area (called via
77 * swapoff) is again guarded by the swap subsystem.
79 * While no backend is registered all calls to frontswap_[store|load|
80 * invalidate_area|invalidate_page] are ignored or fail.
82 * The time between the backend being registered and the swap file system
83 * calling the backend (via the frontswap_* functions) is indeterminate as
84 * frontswap_ops is not atomic_t (or a value guarded by a spinlock).
85 * That is OK as we are comfortable missing some of these calls to the newly
88 * Obviously the opposite (unloading the backend) must be done after all
89 * the frontswap_[store|load|invalidate_area|invalidate_page] start
90 * ignoring or failing the requests. However, there is currently no way
91 * to unload a backend once it is registered.
95 * Register operations for frontswap
97 int frontswap_register_ops(const struct frontswap_ops *ops)
103 static_branch_inc(&frontswap_enabled_key);
108 * Called when a swap device is swapon'd.
110 void frontswap_init(unsigned type, unsigned long *map)
112 struct swap_info_struct *sis = swap_info[type];
114 VM_BUG_ON(sis == NULL);
117 * p->frontswap is a bitmap that we MUST have to figure out which page
118 * has gone in frontswap. Without it there is no point of continuing.
123 * Irregardless of whether the frontswap backend has been loaded
124 * before this function or it will be later, we _MUST_ have the
125 * p->frontswap set to something valid to work properly.
127 frontswap_map_set(sis, map);
128 frontswap_ops->init(type);
131 static bool __frontswap_test(struct swap_info_struct *sis,
134 if (sis->frontswap_map)
135 return test_bit(offset, sis->frontswap_map);
139 static inline void __frontswap_set(struct swap_info_struct *sis,
142 set_bit(offset, sis->frontswap_map);
143 atomic_inc(&sis->frontswap_pages);
146 static inline void __frontswap_clear(struct swap_info_struct *sis,
149 clear_bit(offset, sis->frontswap_map);
150 atomic_dec(&sis->frontswap_pages);
154 * "Store" data from a page to frontswap and associate it with the page's
155 * swaptype and offset. Page must be locked and in the swap cache.
156 * If frontswap already contains a page with matching swaptype and
157 * offset, the frontswap implementation may either overwrite the data and
158 * return success or invalidate the page from frontswap and return failure.
160 int __frontswap_store(struct page *page)
163 swp_entry_t entry = { .val = page_private(page), };
164 int type = swp_type(entry);
165 struct swap_info_struct *sis = swap_info[type];
166 pgoff_t offset = swp_offset(entry);
168 VM_BUG_ON(!frontswap_ops);
169 VM_BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
170 VM_BUG_ON(sis == NULL);
173 * If a dup, we must remove the old page first; we can't leave the
174 * old page no matter if the store of the new page succeeds or fails,
175 * and we can't rely on the new page replacing the old page as we may
176 * not store to the same implementation that contains the old page.
178 if (__frontswap_test(sis, offset)) {
179 __frontswap_clear(sis, offset);
180 frontswap_ops->invalidate_page(type, offset);
183 ret = frontswap_ops->store(type, offset, page);
185 __frontswap_set(sis, offset);
186 inc_frontswap_succ_stores();
188 inc_frontswap_failed_stores();
195 * "Get" data from frontswap associated with swaptype and offset that were
196 * specified when the data was put to frontswap and use it to fill the
197 * specified page with data. Page must be locked and in the swap cache.
199 int __frontswap_load(struct page *page)
202 swp_entry_t entry = { .val = page_private(page), };
203 int type = swp_type(entry);
204 struct swap_info_struct *sis = swap_info[type];
205 pgoff_t offset = swp_offset(entry);
207 VM_BUG_ON(!frontswap_ops);
208 VM_BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
209 VM_BUG_ON(sis == NULL);
211 if (!__frontswap_test(sis, offset))
214 /* Try loading from each implementation, until one succeeds. */
215 ret = frontswap_ops->load(type, offset, page);
217 inc_frontswap_loads();
222 * Invalidate any data from frontswap associated with the specified swaptype
223 * and offset so that a subsequent "get" will fail.
225 void __frontswap_invalidate_page(unsigned type, pgoff_t offset)
227 struct swap_info_struct *sis = swap_info[type];
229 VM_BUG_ON(!frontswap_ops);
230 VM_BUG_ON(sis == NULL);
232 if (!__frontswap_test(sis, offset))
235 frontswap_ops->invalidate_page(type, offset);
236 __frontswap_clear(sis, offset);
237 inc_frontswap_invalidates();
241 * Invalidate all data from frontswap associated with all offsets for the
242 * specified swaptype.
244 void __frontswap_invalidate_area(unsigned type)
246 struct swap_info_struct *sis = swap_info[type];
248 VM_BUG_ON(!frontswap_ops);
249 VM_BUG_ON(sis == NULL);
251 if (sis->frontswap_map == NULL)
254 frontswap_ops->invalidate_area(type);
255 atomic_set(&sis->frontswap_pages, 0);
256 bitmap_zero(sis->frontswap_map, sis->max);
259 static int __init init_frontswap(void)
261 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
262 struct dentry *root = debugfs_create_dir("frontswap", NULL);
265 debugfs_create_u64("loads", 0444, root, &frontswap_loads);
266 debugfs_create_u64("succ_stores", 0444, root, &frontswap_succ_stores);
267 debugfs_create_u64("failed_stores", 0444, root,
268 &frontswap_failed_stores);
269 debugfs_create_u64("invalidates", 0444, root, &frontswap_invalidates);
274 module_init(init_frontswap);