4 * This code provides the generic "frontend" layer to call a matching
5 * "backend" driver implementation of frontswap. See
6 * Documentation/vm/frontswap.txt for more information.
8 * Copyright (C) 2009-2012 Oracle Corp. All rights reserved.
9 * Author: Dan Magenheimer
11 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2.
14 #include <linux/mman.h>
15 #include <linux/swap.h>
16 #include <linux/swapops.h>
17 #include <linux/security.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
20 #include <linux/frontswap.h>
21 #include <linux/swapfile.h>
24 * frontswap_ops is set by frontswap_register_ops to contain the pointers
25 * to the frontswap "backend" implementation functions.
27 static struct frontswap_ops frontswap_ops __read_mostly;
30 * This global enablement flag reduces overhead on systems where frontswap_ops
31 * has not been registered, so is preferred to the slower alternative: a
32 * function call that checks a non-global.
34 bool frontswap_enabled __read_mostly;
35 EXPORT_SYMBOL(frontswap_enabled);
38 * If enabled, frontswap_store will return failure even on success. As
39 * a result, the swap subsystem will always write the page to swap, in
40 * effect converting frontswap into a writethrough cache. In this mode,
41 * there is no direct reduction in swap writes, but a frontswap backend
42 * can unilaterally "reclaim" any pages in use with no data loss, thus
43 * providing increases control over maximum memory usage due to frontswap.
45 static bool frontswap_writethrough_enabled __read_mostly;
47 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
49 * Counters available via /sys/kernel/debug/frontswap (if debugfs is
50 * properly configured). These are for information only so are not protected
51 * against increment races.
53 static u64 frontswap_loads;
54 static u64 frontswap_succ_stores;
55 static u64 frontswap_failed_stores;
56 static u64 frontswap_invalidates;
58 static inline void inc_frontswap_loads(void) {
61 static inline void inc_frontswap_succ_stores(void) {
62 frontswap_succ_stores++;
64 static inline void inc_frontswap_failed_stores(void) {
65 frontswap_failed_stores++;
67 static inline void inc_frontswap_invalidates(void) {
68 frontswap_invalidates++;
71 static inline void inc_frontswap_loads(void) { }
72 static inline void inc_frontswap_succ_stores(void) { }
73 static inline void inc_frontswap_failed_stores(void) { }
74 static inline void inc_frontswap_invalidates(void) { }
77 * Register operations for frontswap, returning previous thus allowing
78 * detection of multiple backends and possible nesting.
80 struct frontswap_ops frontswap_register_ops(struct frontswap_ops *ops)
82 struct frontswap_ops old = frontswap_ops;
85 frontswap_enabled = true;
88 EXPORT_SYMBOL(frontswap_register_ops);
91 * Enable/disable frontswap writethrough (see above).
93 void frontswap_writethrough(bool enable)
95 frontswap_writethrough_enabled = enable;
97 EXPORT_SYMBOL(frontswap_writethrough);
100 * Called when a swap device is swapon'd.
102 void __frontswap_init(unsigned type)
104 struct swap_info_struct *sis = swap_info[type];
107 if (sis->frontswap_map == NULL)
109 frontswap_ops.init(type);
111 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__frontswap_init);
113 static inline void __frontswap_clear(struct swap_info_struct *sis, pgoff_t offset)
115 frontswap_clear(sis, offset);
116 atomic_dec(&sis->frontswap_pages);
120 * "Store" data from a page to frontswap and associate it with the page's
121 * swaptype and offset. Page must be locked and in the swap cache.
122 * If frontswap already contains a page with matching swaptype and
123 * offset, the frontswap implementation may either overwrite the data and
124 * return success or invalidate the page from frontswap and return failure.
126 int __frontswap_store(struct page *page)
128 int ret = -1, dup = 0;
129 swp_entry_t entry = { .val = page_private(page), };
130 int type = swp_type(entry);
131 struct swap_info_struct *sis = swap_info[type];
132 pgoff_t offset = swp_offset(entry);
134 BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
136 if (frontswap_test(sis, offset))
138 ret = frontswap_ops.store(type, offset, page);
140 frontswap_set(sis, offset);
141 inc_frontswap_succ_stores();
143 atomic_inc(&sis->frontswap_pages);
146 failed dup always results in automatic invalidate of
147 the (older) page from frontswap
149 inc_frontswap_failed_stores();
151 __frontswap_clear(sis, offset);
153 if (frontswap_writethrough_enabled)
154 /* report failure so swap also writes to swap device */
158 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__frontswap_store);
161 * "Get" data from frontswap associated with swaptype and offset that were
162 * specified when the data was put to frontswap and use it to fill the
163 * specified page with data. Page must be locked and in the swap cache.
165 int __frontswap_load(struct page *page)
168 swp_entry_t entry = { .val = page_private(page), };
169 int type = swp_type(entry);
170 struct swap_info_struct *sis = swap_info[type];
171 pgoff_t offset = swp_offset(entry);
173 BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
175 if (frontswap_test(sis, offset))
176 ret = frontswap_ops.load(type, offset, page);
178 inc_frontswap_loads();
181 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__frontswap_load);
184 * Invalidate any data from frontswap associated with the specified swaptype
185 * and offset so that a subsequent "get" will fail.
187 void __frontswap_invalidate_page(unsigned type, pgoff_t offset)
189 struct swap_info_struct *sis = swap_info[type];
192 if (frontswap_test(sis, offset)) {
193 frontswap_ops.invalidate_page(type, offset);
194 __frontswap_clear(sis, offset);
195 inc_frontswap_invalidates();
198 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__frontswap_invalidate_page);
201 * Invalidate all data from frontswap associated with all offsets for the
202 * specified swaptype.
204 void __frontswap_invalidate_area(unsigned type)
206 struct swap_info_struct *sis = swap_info[type];
209 if (sis->frontswap_map == NULL)
211 frontswap_ops.invalidate_area(type);
212 atomic_set(&sis->frontswap_pages, 0);
213 memset(sis->frontswap_map, 0, sis->max / sizeof(long));
215 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__frontswap_invalidate_area);
217 static unsigned long __frontswap_curr_pages(void)
220 unsigned long totalpages = 0;
221 struct swap_info_struct *si = NULL;
223 assert_spin_locked(&swap_lock);
224 for (type = swap_list.head; type >= 0; type = si->next) {
225 si = swap_info[type];
226 totalpages += atomic_read(&si->frontswap_pages);
231 static int __frontswap_unuse_pages(unsigned long total, unsigned long *unused,
235 struct swap_info_struct *si = NULL;
236 int si_frontswap_pages;
237 unsigned long total_pages_to_unuse = total;
238 unsigned long pages = 0, pages_to_unuse = 0;
241 assert_spin_locked(&swap_lock);
242 for (type = swap_list.head; type >= 0; type = si->next) {
243 si = swap_info[type];
244 si_frontswap_pages = atomic_read(&si->frontswap_pages);
245 if (total_pages_to_unuse < si_frontswap_pages) {
246 pages = pages_to_unuse = total_pages_to_unuse;
248 pages = si_frontswap_pages;
249 pages_to_unuse = 0; /* unuse all */
251 /* ensure there is enough RAM to fetch pages from frontswap */
252 if (security_vm_enough_memory_mm(current->mm, pages)) {
256 vm_unacct_memory(pages);
257 *unused = pages_to_unuse;
266 static int __frontswap_shrink(unsigned long target_pages,
267 unsigned long *pages_to_unuse,
270 unsigned long total_pages = 0, total_pages_to_unuse;
272 assert_spin_locked(&swap_lock);
274 total_pages = __frontswap_curr_pages();
275 if (total_pages <= target_pages) {
280 total_pages_to_unuse = total_pages - target_pages;
281 return __frontswap_unuse_pages(total_pages_to_unuse, pages_to_unuse, type);
285 * Frontswap, like a true swap device, may unnecessarily retain pages
286 * under certain circumstances; "shrink" frontswap is essentially a
287 * "partial swapoff" and works by calling try_to_unuse to attempt to
288 * unuse enough frontswap pages to attempt to -- subject to memory
289 * constraints -- reduce the number of pages in frontswap to the
290 * number given in the parameter target_pages.
292 void frontswap_shrink(unsigned long target_pages)
294 unsigned long pages_to_unuse = 0;
298 * we don't want to hold swap_lock while doing a very
299 * lengthy try_to_unuse, but swap_list may change
300 * so restart scan from swap_list.head each time
302 spin_lock(&swap_lock);
303 ret = __frontswap_shrink(target_pages, &pages_to_unuse, &type);
304 spin_unlock(&swap_lock);
305 if (ret == 0 && pages_to_unuse)
306 try_to_unuse(type, true, pages_to_unuse);
309 EXPORT_SYMBOL(frontswap_shrink);
312 * Count and return the number of frontswap pages across all
313 * swap devices. This is exported so that backend drivers can
314 * determine current usage without reading debugfs.
316 unsigned long frontswap_curr_pages(void)
318 unsigned long totalpages = 0;
320 spin_lock(&swap_lock);
321 totalpages = __frontswap_curr_pages();
322 spin_unlock(&swap_lock);
326 EXPORT_SYMBOL(frontswap_curr_pages);
328 static int __init init_frontswap(void)
330 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
331 struct dentry *root = debugfs_create_dir("frontswap", NULL);
334 debugfs_create_u64("loads", S_IRUGO, root, &frontswap_loads);
335 debugfs_create_u64("succ_stores", S_IRUGO, root, &frontswap_succ_stores);
336 debugfs_create_u64("failed_stores", S_IRUGO, root,
337 &frontswap_failed_stores);
338 debugfs_create_u64("invalidates", S_IRUGO,
339 root, &frontswap_invalidates);
344 module_init(init_frontswap);