1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
3 menu "Memory Management options"
5 config SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
7 depends on ARCH_SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
11 depends on SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
12 default DISCONTIGMEM_MANUAL if ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_DEFAULT
13 default SPARSEMEM_MANUAL if ARCH_SPARSEMEM_DEFAULT
14 default FLATMEM_MANUAL
16 This option allows you to change some of the ways that
17 Linux manages its memory internally. Most users will
18 only have one option here selected by the architecture
19 configuration. This is normal.
23 depends on !(ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE || ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE) || ARCH_FLATMEM_ENABLE
25 This option is best suited for non-NUMA systems with
26 flat address space. The FLATMEM is the most efficient
27 system in terms of performance and resource consumption
28 and it is the best option for smaller systems.
30 For systems that have holes in their physical address
31 spaces and for features like NUMA and memory hotplug,
32 choose "Sparse Memory".
34 If unsure, choose this option (Flat Memory) over any other.
36 config DISCONTIGMEM_MANUAL
37 bool "Discontiguous Memory"
38 depends on ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE
40 This option provides enhanced support for discontiguous
41 memory systems, over FLATMEM. These systems have holes
42 in their physical address spaces, and this option provides
43 more efficient handling of these holes.
45 Although "Discontiguous Memory" is still used by several
46 architectures, it is considered deprecated in favor of
49 If unsure, choose "Sparse Memory" over this option.
51 config SPARSEMEM_MANUAL
53 depends on ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE
55 This will be the only option for some systems, including
56 memory hot-plug systems. This is normal.
58 This option provides efficient support for systems with
59 holes is their physical address space and allows memory
60 hot-plug and hot-remove.
62 If unsure, choose "Flat Memory" over this option.
68 depends on (!SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL && ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE) || DISCONTIGMEM_MANUAL
72 depends on (!SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL && ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE) || SPARSEMEM_MANUAL
76 depends on (!DISCONTIGMEM && !SPARSEMEM) || FLATMEM_MANUAL
78 config FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP
83 # Both the NUMA code and DISCONTIGMEM use arrays of pg_data_t's
84 # to represent different areas of memory. This variable allows
85 # those dependencies to exist individually.
87 config NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
89 depends on DISCONTIGMEM || NUMA
92 # SPARSEMEM_EXTREME (which is the default) does some bootmem
93 # allocations when sparse_init() is called. If this cannot
94 # be done on your architecture, select this option. However,
95 # statically allocating the mem_section[] array can potentially
96 # consume vast quantities of .bss, so be careful.
98 # This option will also potentially produce smaller runtime code
99 # with gcc 3.4 and later.
101 config SPARSEMEM_STATIC
105 # Architecture platforms which require a two level mem_section in SPARSEMEM
106 # must select this option. This is usually for architecture platforms with
107 # an extremely sparse physical address space.
109 config SPARSEMEM_EXTREME
111 depends on SPARSEMEM && !SPARSEMEM_STATIC
113 config SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP_ENABLE
116 config SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
117 bool "Sparse Memory virtual memmap"
118 depends on SPARSEMEM && SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP_ENABLE
121 SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP uses a virtually mapped memmap to optimise
122 pfn_to_page and page_to_pfn operations. This is the most
123 efficient option when sufficient kernel resources are available.
125 config HAVE_MEMBLOCK_PHYS_MAP
132 # Don't discard allocated memory used to track "memory" and "reserved" memblocks
133 # after early boot, so it can still be used to test for validity of memory.
134 # Also, memblocks are updated with memory hot(un)plug.
135 config ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK
138 # Keep arch NUMA mapping infrastructure post-init.
139 config NUMA_KEEP_MEMINFO
142 config MEMORY_ISOLATION
146 # Only be set on architectures that have completely implemented memory hotplug
147 # feature. If you are not sure, don't touch it.
149 config HAVE_BOOTMEM_INFO_NODE
152 # eventually, we can have this option just 'select SPARSEMEM'
153 config MEMORY_HOTPLUG
154 bool "Allow for memory hot-add"
155 depends on SPARSEMEM || X86_64_ACPI_NUMA
156 depends on ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
157 depends on 64BIT || BROKEN
158 select NUMA_KEEP_MEMINFO if NUMA
160 config MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE
162 depends on SPARSEMEM && MEMORY_HOTPLUG
164 config MEMORY_HOTPLUG_DEFAULT_ONLINE
165 bool "Online the newly added memory blocks by default"
166 depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG
168 This option sets the default policy setting for memory hotplug
169 onlining policy (/sys/devices/system/memory/auto_online_blocks) which
170 determines what happens to newly added memory regions. Policy setting
171 can always be changed at runtime.
172 See Documentation/admin-guide/mm/memory-hotplug.rst for more information.
174 Say Y here if you want all hot-plugged memory blocks to appear in
175 'online' state by default.
176 Say N here if you want the default policy to keep all hot-plugged
177 memory blocks in 'offline' state.
179 config MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
180 bool "Allow for memory hot remove"
181 select MEMORY_ISOLATION
182 select HAVE_BOOTMEM_INFO_NODE if (X86_64 || PPC64)
183 depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG && ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
186 # Heavily threaded applications may benefit from splitting the mm-wide
187 # page_table_lock, so that faults on different parts of the user address
188 # space can be handled with less contention: split it at this NR_CPUS.
189 # Default to 4 for wider testing, though 8 might be more appropriate.
190 # ARM's adjust_pte (unused if VIPT) depends on mm-wide page_table_lock.
191 # PA-RISC 7xxx's spinlock_t would enlarge struct page from 32 to 44 bytes.
192 # SPARC32 allocates multiple pte tables within a single page, and therefore
193 # a per-page lock leads to problems when multiple tables need to be locked
194 # at the same time (e.g. copy_page_range()).
195 # DEBUG_SPINLOCK and DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC spinlock_t also enlarge struct page.
197 config SPLIT_PTLOCK_CPUS
199 default "999999" if !MMU
200 default "999999" if ARM && !CPU_CACHE_VIPT
201 default "999999" if PARISC && !PA20
202 default "999999" if SPARC32
205 config ARCH_ENABLE_SPLIT_PMD_PTLOCK
209 # support for memory balloon
210 config MEMORY_BALLOON
214 # support for memory balloon compaction
215 config BALLOON_COMPACTION
216 bool "Allow for balloon memory compaction/migration"
218 depends on COMPACTION && MEMORY_BALLOON
220 Memory fragmentation introduced by ballooning might reduce
221 significantly the number of 2MB contiguous memory blocks that can be
222 used within a guest, thus imposing performance penalties associated
223 with the reduced number of transparent huge pages that could be used
224 by the guest workload. Allowing the compaction & migration for memory
225 pages enlisted as being part of memory balloon devices avoids the
226 scenario aforementioned and helps improving memory defragmentation.
229 # support for memory compaction
231 bool "Allow for memory compaction"
236 Compaction is the only memory management component to form
237 high order (larger physically contiguous) memory blocks
238 reliably. The page allocator relies on compaction heavily and
239 the lack of the feature can lead to unexpected OOM killer
240 invocations for high order memory requests. You shouldn't
241 disable this option unless there really is a strong reason for
242 it and then we would be really interested to hear about that at
246 # support for free page reporting
247 config PAGE_REPORTING
248 bool "Free page reporting"
251 Free page reporting allows for the incremental acquisition of
252 free pages from the buddy allocator for the purpose of reporting
253 those pages to another entity, such as a hypervisor, so that the
254 memory can be freed within the host for other uses.
257 # support for page migration
260 bool "Page migration"
262 depends on (NUMA || ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE || COMPACTION || CMA) && MMU
264 Allows the migration of the physical location of pages of processes
265 while the virtual addresses are not changed. This is useful in
266 two situations. The first is on NUMA systems to put pages nearer
267 to the processors accessing. The second is when allocating huge
268 pages as migration can relocate pages to satisfy a huge page
269 allocation instead of reclaiming.
271 config ARCH_ENABLE_HUGEPAGE_MIGRATION
274 config ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION
278 def_bool (MEMORY_ISOLATION && COMPACTION) || CMA
280 config PHYS_ADDR_T_64BIT
284 bool "Enable bounce buffers"
286 depends on BLOCK && MMU && (ZONE_DMA || HIGHMEM)
288 Enable bounce buffers for devices that cannot access
289 the full range of memory available to the CPU. Enabled
290 by default when ZONE_DMA or HIGHMEM is selected, but you
291 may say n to override this.
296 An architecture should select this if it implements the
297 deprecated interface virt_to_bus(). All new architectures
298 should probably not select this.
307 bool "Enable KSM for page merging"
311 Enable Kernel Samepage Merging: KSM periodically scans those areas
312 of an application's address space that an app has advised may be
313 mergeable. When it finds pages of identical content, it replaces
314 the many instances by a single page with that content, so
315 saving memory until one or another app needs to modify the content.
316 Recommended for use with KVM, or with other duplicative applications.
317 See Documentation/vm/ksm.rst for more information: KSM is inactive
318 until a program has madvised that an area is MADV_MERGEABLE, and
319 root has set /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run to 1 (if CONFIG_SYSFS is set).
321 config DEFAULT_MMAP_MIN_ADDR
322 int "Low address space to protect from user allocation"
326 This is the portion of low virtual memory which should be protected
327 from userspace allocation. Keeping a user from writing to low pages
328 can help reduce the impact of kernel NULL pointer bugs.
330 For most ia64, ppc64 and x86 users with lots of address space
331 a value of 65536 is reasonable and should cause no problems.
332 On arm and other archs it should not be higher than 32768.
333 Programs which use vm86 functionality or have some need to map
334 this low address space will need CAP_SYS_RAWIO or disable this
335 protection by setting the value to 0.
337 This value can be changed after boot using the
338 /proc/sys/vm/mmap_min_addr tunable.
340 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_MEMORY_FAILURE
343 config MEMORY_FAILURE
345 depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_MEMORY_FAILURE
346 bool "Enable recovery from hardware memory errors"
347 select MEMORY_ISOLATION
350 Enables code to recover from some memory failures on systems
351 with MCA recovery. This allows a system to continue running
352 even when some of its memory has uncorrected errors. This requires
353 special hardware support and typically ECC memory.
355 config HWPOISON_INJECT
356 tristate "HWPoison pages injector"
357 depends on MEMORY_FAILURE && DEBUG_KERNEL && PROC_FS
358 select PROC_PAGE_MONITOR
360 config NOMMU_INITIAL_TRIM_EXCESS
361 int "Turn on mmap() excess space trimming before booting"
365 The NOMMU mmap() frequently needs to allocate large contiguous chunks
366 of memory on which to store mappings, but it can only ask the system
367 allocator for chunks in 2^N*PAGE_SIZE amounts - which is frequently
368 more than it requires. To deal with this, mmap() is able to trim off
369 the excess and return it to the allocator.
371 If trimming is enabled, the excess is trimmed off and returned to the
372 system allocator, which can cause extra fragmentation, particularly
373 if there are a lot of transient processes.
375 If trimming is disabled, the excess is kept, but not used, which for
376 long-term mappings means that the space is wasted.
378 Trimming can be dynamically controlled through a sysctl option
379 (/proc/sys/vm/nr_trim_pages) which specifies the minimum number of
380 excess pages there must be before trimming should occur, or zero if
381 no trimming is to occur.
383 This option specifies the initial value of this option. The default
384 of 1 says that all excess pages should be trimmed.
386 See Documentation/mm/nommu-mmap.rst for more information.
388 config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
389 bool "Transparent Hugepage Support"
390 depends on HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
394 Transparent Hugepages allows the kernel to use huge pages and
395 huge tlb transparently to the applications whenever possible.
396 This feature can improve computing performance to certain
397 applications by speeding up page faults during memory
398 allocation, by reducing the number of tlb misses and by speeding
399 up the pagetable walking.
401 If memory constrained on embedded, you may want to say N.
404 prompt "Transparent Hugepage Support sysfs defaults"
405 depends on TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
406 default TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_ALWAYS
408 Selects the sysfs defaults for Transparent Hugepage Support.
410 config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_ALWAYS
413 Enabling Transparent Hugepage always, can increase the
414 memory footprint of applications without a guaranteed
415 benefit but it will work automatically for all applications.
417 config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_MADVISE
420 Enabling Transparent Hugepage madvise, will only provide a
421 performance improvement benefit to the applications using
422 madvise(MADV_HUGEPAGE) but it won't risk to increase the
423 memory footprint of applications without a guaranteed
427 config ARCH_WANTS_THP_SWAP
432 depends on TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE && ARCH_WANTS_THP_SWAP && SWAP
434 Swap transparent huge pages in one piece, without splitting.
435 XXX: For now, swap cluster backing transparent huge page
436 will be split after swapout.
438 For selection by architectures with reasonable THP sizes.
441 # UP and nommu archs use km based percpu allocator
443 config NEED_PER_CPU_KM
449 bool "Enable cleancache driver to cache clean pages if tmem is present"
451 Cleancache can be thought of as a page-granularity victim cache
452 for clean pages that the kernel's pageframe replacement algorithm
453 (PFRA) would like to keep around, but can't since there isn't enough
454 memory. So when the PFRA "evicts" a page, it first attempts to use
455 cleancache code to put the data contained in that page into
456 "transcendent memory", memory that is not directly accessible or
457 addressable by the kernel and is of unknown and possibly
458 time-varying size. And when a cleancache-enabled
459 filesystem wishes to access a page in a file on disk, it first
460 checks cleancache to see if it already contains it; if it does,
461 the page is copied into the kernel and a disk access is avoided.
462 When a transcendent memory driver is available (such as zcache or
463 Xen transcendent memory), a significant I/O reduction
464 may be achieved. When none is available, all cleancache calls
465 are reduced to a single pointer-compare-against-NULL resulting
466 in a negligible performance hit.
468 If unsure, say Y to enable cleancache
471 bool "Enable frontswap to cache swap pages if tmem is present"
474 Frontswap is so named because it can be thought of as the opposite
475 of a "backing" store for a swap device. The data is stored into
476 "transcendent memory", memory that is not directly accessible or
477 addressable by the kernel and is of unknown and possibly
478 time-varying size. When space in transcendent memory is available,
479 a significant swap I/O reduction may be achieved. When none is
480 available, all frontswap calls are reduced to a single pointer-
481 compare-against-NULL resulting in a negligible performance hit
482 and swap data is stored as normal on the matching swap device.
484 If unsure, say Y to enable frontswap.
487 bool "Contiguous Memory Allocator"
490 select MEMORY_ISOLATION
492 This enables the Contiguous Memory Allocator which allows other
493 subsystems to allocate big physically-contiguous blocks of memory.
494 CMA reserves a region of memory and allows only movable pages to
495 be allocated from it. This way, the kernel can use the memory for
496 pagecache and when a subsystem requests for contiguous area, the
497 allocated pages are migrated away to serve the contiguous request.
502 bool "CMA debug messages (DEVELOPMENT)"
503 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && CMA
505 Turns on debug messages in CMA. This produces KERN_DEBUG
506 messages for every CMA call as well as various messages while
507 processing calls such as dma_alloc_from_contiguous().
508 This option does not affect warning and error messages.
511 bool "CMA debugfs interface"
512 depends on CMA && DEBUG_FS
514 Turns on the DebugFS interface for CMA.
517 int "Maximum count of the CMA areas"
521 CMA allows to create CMA areas for particular purpose, mainly,
522 used as device private area. This parameter sets the maximum
523 number of CMA area in the system.
525 If unsure, leave the default value "7".
527 config MEM_SOFT_DIRTY
528 bool "Track memory changes"
529 depends on CHECKPOINT_RESTORE && HAVE_ARCH_SOFT_DIRTY && PROC_FS
530 select PROC_PAGE_MONITOR
532 This option enables memory changes tracking by introducing a
533 soft-dirty bit on pte-s. This bit it set when someone writes
534 into a page just as regular dirty bit, but unlike the latter
535 it can be cleared by hands.
537 See Documentation/admin-guide/mm/soft-dirty.rst for more details.
540 bool "Compressed cache for swap pages (EXPERIMENTAL)"
541 depends on FRONTSWAP && CRYPTO=y
544 A lightweight compressed cache for swap pages. It takes
545 pages that are in the process of being swapped out and attempts to
546 compress them into a dynamically allocated RAM-based memory pool.
547 This can result in a significant I/O reduction on swap device and,
548 in the case where decompressing from RAM is faster that swap device
549 reads, can also improve workload performance.
551 This is marked experimental because it is a new feature (as of
552 v3.11) that interacts heavily with memory reclaim. While these
553 interactions don't cause any known issues on simple memory setups,
554 they have not be fully explored on the large set of potential
555 configurations and workloads that exist.
558 prompt "Compressed cache for swap pages default compressor"
560 default ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_LZO
562 Selects the default compression algorithm for the compressed cache
565 For an overview what kind of performance can be expected from
566 a particular compression algorithm please refer to the benchmarks
567 available at the following LWN page:
568 https://lwn.net/Articles/751795/
570 If in doubt, select 'LZO'.
572 The selection made here can be overridden by using the kernel
573 command line 'zswap.compressor=' option.
575 config ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_DEFLATE
577 select CRYPTO_DEFLATE
579 Use the Deflate algorithm as the default compression algorithm.
581 config ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_LZO
585 Use the LZO algorithm as the default compression algorithm.
587 config ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_842
591 Use the 842 algorithm as the default compression algorithm.
593 config ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_LZ4
597 Use the LZ4 algorithm as the default compression algorithm.
599 config ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_LZ4HC
603 Use the LZ4HC algorithm as the default compression algorithm.
605 config ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_ZSTD
609 Use the zstd algorithm as the default compression algorithm.
612 config ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT
615 default "deflate" if ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_DEFLATE
616 default "lzo" if ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_LZO
617 default "842" if ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_842
618 default "lz4" if ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_LZ4
619 default "lz4hc" if ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_LZ4HC
620 default "zstd" if ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_ZSTD
624 prompt "Compressed cache for swap pages default allocator"
626 default ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT_ZBUD
628 Selects the default allocator for the compressed cache for
630 The default is 'zbud' for compatibility, however please do
631 read the description of each of the allocators below before
632 making a right choice.
634 The selection made here can be overridden by using the kernel
635 command line 'zswap.zpool=' option.
637 config ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT_ZBUD
641 Use the zbud allocator as the default allocator.
643 config ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT_Z3FOLD
647 Use the z3fold allocator as the default allocator.
649 config ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT_ZSMALLOC
653 Use the zsmalloc allocator as the default allocator.
656 config ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT
659 default "zbud" if ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT_ZBUD
660 default "z3fold" if ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT_Z3FOLD
661 default "zsmalloc" if ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT_ZSMALLOC
664 config ZSWAP_DEFAULT_ON
665 bool "Enable the compressed cache for swap pages by default"
668 If selected, the compressed cache for swap pages will be enabled
669 at boot, otherwise it will be disabled.
671 The selection made here can be overridden by using the kernel
672 command line 'zswap.enabled=' option.
675 tristate "Common API for compressed memory storage"
677 Compressed memory storage API. This allows using either zbud or
681 tristate "Low (Up to 2x) density storage for compressed pages"
683 A special purpose allocator for storing compressed pages.
684 It is designed to store up to two compressed pages per physical
685 page. While this design limits storage density, it has simple and
686 deterministic reclaim properties that make it preferable to a higher
687 density approach when reclaim will be used.
690 tristate "Up to 3x density storage for compressed pages"
693 A special purpose allocator for storing compressed pages.
694 It is designed to store up to three compressed pages per physical
695 page. It is a ZBUD derivative so the simplicity and determinism are
699 tristate "Memory allocator for compressed pages"
702 zsmalloc is a slab-based memory allocator designed to store
703 compressed RAM pages. zsmalloc uses virtual memory mapping
704 in order to reduce fragmentation. However, this results in a
705 non-standard allocator interface where a handle, not a pointer, is
706 returned by an alloc(). This handle must be mapped in order to
707 access the allocated space.
709 config ZSMALLOC_PGTABLE_MAPPING
710 bool "Use page table mapping to access object in zsmalloc"
711 depends on ZSMALLOC=y
713 By default, zsmalloc uses a copy-based object mapping method to
714 access allocations that span two pages. However, if a particular
715 architecture (ex, ARM) performs VM mapping faster than copying,
716 then you should select this. This causes zsmalloc to use page table
717 mapping rather than copying for object mapping.
719 You can check speed with zsmalloc benchmark:
720 https://github.com/spartacus06/zsmapbench
723 bool "Export zsmalloc statistics"
727 This option enables code in the zsmalloc to collect various
728 statistics about whats happening in zsmalloc and exports that
729 information to userspace via debugfs.
732 config GENERIC_EARLY_IOREMAP
735 config MAX_STACK_SIZE_MB
736 int "Maximum user stack size for 32-bit processes (MB)"
739 depends on STACK_GROWSUP && (!64BIT || COMPAT)
741 This is the maximum stack size in Megabytes in the VM layout of 32-bit
742 user processes when the stack grows upwards (currently only on parisc
743 arch). The stack will be located at the highest memory address minus
744 the given value, unless the RLIMIT_STACK hard limit is changed to a
745 smaller value in which case that is used.
747 A sane initial value is 80 MB.
749 config DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT
750 bool "Defer initialisation of struct pages to kthreads"
752 depends on !NEED_PER_CPU_KM
756 Ordinarily all struct pages are initialised during early boot in a
757 single thread. On very large machines this can take a considerable
758 amount of time. If this option is set, large machines will bring up
759 a subset of memmap at boot and then initialise the rest in parallel.
760 This has a potential performance impact on tasks running early in the
761 lifetime of the system until these kthreads finish the
764 config IDLE_PAGE_TRACKING
765 bool "Enable idle page tracking"
766 depends on SYSFS && MMU
767 select PAGE_EXTENSION if !64BIT
769 This feature allows to estimate the amount of user pages that have
770 not been touched during a given period of time. This information can
771 be useful to tune memory cgroup limits and/or for job placement
772 within a compute cluster.
774 See Documentation/admin-guide/mm/idle_page_tracking.rst for
777 config ARCH_HAS_PTE_DEVMAP
781 bool "Device memory (pmem, HMM, etc...) hotplug support"
782 depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG
783 depends on MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
784 depends on SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
785 depends on ARCH_HAS_PTE_DEVMAP
789 Device memory hotplug support allows for establishing pmem,
790 or other device driver discovered memory regions, in the
791 memmap. This allows pfn_to_page() lookups of otherwise
792 "device-physical" addresses which is needed for using a DAX
793 mapping in an O_DIRECT operation, among other things.
795 If FS_DAX is enabled, then say Y.
797 config DEV_PAGEMAP_OPS
801 # Helpers to mirror range of the CPU page tables of a process into device page
808 config DEVICE_PRIVATE
809 bool "Unaddressable device memory (GPU memory, ...)"
810 depends on ZONE_DEVICE
811 select DEV_PAGEMAP_OPS
814 Allows creation of struct pages to represent unaddressable device
815 memory; i.e., memory that is only accessible from the device (or
816 group of devices). You likely also want to select HMM_MIRROR.
821 config ARCH_USES_HIGH_VMA_FLAGS
823 config ARCH_HAS_PKEYS
827 bool "Collect percpu memory statistics"
829 This feature collects and exposes statistics via debugfs. The
830 information includes global and per chunk statistics, which can
831 be used to help understand percpu memory usage.
834 bool "Enable infrastructure for get_user_pages_fast() benchmarking"
836 Provides /sys/kernel/debug/gup_benchmark that helps with testing
837 performance of get_user_pages_fast().
839 See tools/testing/selftests/vm/gup_benchmark.c
841 config GUP_GET_PTE_LOW_HIGH
844 config READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS
845 bool "Read-only THP for filesystems (EXPERIMENTAL)"
846 depends on TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE && SHMEM
849 Allow khugepaged to put read-only file-backed pages in THP.
851 This is marked experimental because it is a new feature. Write
852 support of file THPs will be developed in the next few release
855 config ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL
859 # Some architectures require a special hugepage directory format that is
860 # required to support multiple hugepage sizes. For example a4fe3ce76
861 # "powerpc/mm: Allow more flexible layouts for hugepage pagetables"
862 # introduced it on powerpc. This allows for a more flexible hugepage
865 config ARCH_HAS_HUGEPD
868 config MAPPING_DIRTY_HELPERS