luks/keymanage.c

   1 /*
   2  * LUKS - Linux Unified Key Setup
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2004-2006, Clemens Fruhwirth <clemens@endorphin.org>
   5  *
   6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   7  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   8  * version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
  18  */
  19
  20 #include <sys/types.h>
  21 #include <sys/stat.h>
  22 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  23 #include <linux/fs.h>
  24 #include <netinet/in.h>
  25 #include <fcntl.h>
  26 #include <errno.h>
  27 #include <unistd.h>
  28 #include <stdio.h>
  29 #include <stdlib.h>
  30 #include <string.h>
  31 #include <ctype.h>
  32
  33 #include "luks.h"
  34 #include "af.h"
  35 #include "pbkdf.h"
  36 #include "random.h"
  37 #include <uuid/uuid.h>
  38 #include <../lib/internal.h>
  39
  40 #define div_round_up(a,b) ({           \
  41         typeof(a) __a = (a);          \
  42         typeof(b) __b = (b);          \
  43         (__a - 1) / __b + 1;        \
  44 })
  45
  46 static inline int round_up_modulo(int x, int m) {
  47         return div_round_up(x, m) * m;
  48 }
  49
  50 struct luks_masterkey *LUKS_alloc_masterkey(int keylength, const char *key)
  51 {
  52         struct luks_masterkey *mk=malloc(sizeof(*mk) + keylength);
  53         if(NULL == mk) return NULL;
  54         mk->keyLength=keylength;
  55         if (key)
  56                 memcpy(&mk->key, key, keylength);
  57         return mk;
  58 }
  59
  60 void LUKS_dealloc_masterkey(struct luks_masterkey *mk)
  61 {
  62         if(NULL != mk) {
  63                 memset(mk->key,0,mk->keyLength);
  64                 mk->keyLength=0;
  65                 free(mk);
  66         }
  67 }
  68
  69 struct luks_masterkey *LUKS_generate_masterkey(int keylength)
  70 {
  71         struct luks_masterkey *mk=LUKS_alloc_masterkey(keylength, NULL);
  72         if(NULL == mk) return NULL;
  73
  74         int r = getRandom(mk->key,keylength);
  75         if(r < 0) {
  76                 LUKS_dealloc_masterkey(mk);
  77                 return NULL;
  78         }
  79         return mk;
  80 }
  81
  82 int LUKS_hdr_backup(
  83         const char *backup_file,
  84         const char *device,
  85         struct luks_phdr *hdr,
  86         struct crypt_device *ctx)
  87 {
  88         int r = 0, devfd = -1;
  89         size_t buffer_size;
  90         char *buffer = NULL;
  91         struct stat st;
  92
  93         if(stat(backup_file, &st) == 0) {
  94                 log_err(ctx, _("Requested file %s already exist.\n"), backup_file);
  95                 return -EINVAL;
  96         }
  97
  98         r = LUKS_read_phdr(device, hdr, 1, ctx);
  99         if (r)
 100                 return r;
 101
 102         buffer_size = hdr->payloadOffset << SECTOR_SHIFT;
 103         buffer = safe_alloc(buffer_size);
 104         if (!buffer || buffer_size < LUKS_ALIGN_KEYSLOTS) {
 105                 r = -ENOMEM;
 106                 goto out;
 107         }
 108
 109         log_dbg("Storing backup of header (%u bytes) and keyslot area (%u bytes).",
 110                 sizeof(*hdr), buffer_size - LUKS_ALIGN_KEYSLOTS);
 111
 112         devfd = open(device, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECT | O_SYNC);
 113         if(devfd == -1) {
 114                 log_err(ctx, _("Device %s is not a valid LUKS device.\n"), device);
 115                 r = -EINVAL;
 116                 goto out;
 117         }
 118
 119         if(read_blockwise(devfd, buffer, buffer_size) < buffer_size) {
 120                 r = -EIO;
 121                 goto out;
 122         }
 123         close(devfd);
 124
 125         /* Wipe unused area, so backup cannot contain old signatures */
 126         memset(buffer + sizeof(*hdr), 0, LUKS_ALIGN_KEYSLOTS - sizeof(*hdr));
 127
 128         devfd = creat(backup_file, S_IRUSR);
 129         if(devfd == -1) {
 130                 r = -EINVAL;
 131                 goto out;
 132         }
 133         if(write(devfd, buffer, buffer_size) < buffer_size) {
 134                 log_err(ctx, _("Cannot write header backup file %s.\n"), backup_file);
 135                 r = -EIO;
 136                 goto out;
 137         }
 138         close(devfd);
 139
 140         r = 0;
 141 out:
 142         if (devfd != -1)
 143                 close(devfd);
 144         safe_free(buffer);
 145         return r;
 146 }
 147
 148 int LUKS_hdr_restore(
 149         const char *backup_file,
 150         const char *device,
 151         struct luks_phdr *hdr,
 152         struct crypt_device *ctx)
 153 {
 154         int r = 0, devfd = -1, diff_uuid = 0;
 155         size_t buffer_size;
 156         char *buffer = NULL, msg[200];
 157         struct stat st;
 158         struct luks_phdr hdr_file;
 159
 160         if(stat(backup_file, &st) < 0) {
 161                 log_err(ctx, _("Backup file %s doesn't exist.\n"), backup_file);
 162                 return -EINVAL;
 163         }
 164
 165         r = LUKS_read_phdr_backup(backup_file, device, &hdr_file, 0, ctx);
 166         buffer_size = hdr_file.payloadOffset << SECTOR_SHIFT;
 167
 168         if (r || buffer_size < LUKS_ALIGN_KEYSLOTS) {
 169                 log_err(ctx, _("Backup file do not contain valid LUKS header.\n"));
 170                 r = -EINVAL;
 171                 goto out;
 172         }
 173
 174         buffer = safe_alloc(buffer_size);
 175         if (!buffer) {
 176                 r = -ENOMEM;
 177                 goto out;
 178         }
 179
 180         devfd = open(backup_file, O_RDONLY);
 181         if(devfd == -1) {
 182                 log_err(ctx, _("Cannot open header backup file %s.\n"), backup_file);
 183                 r = -EINVAL;
 184                 goto out;
 185         }
 186
 187         if(read(devfd, buffer, buffer_size) < buffer_size) {
 188                 log_err(ctx, _("Cannot read header backup file %s.\n"), backup_file);
 189                 r = -EIO;
 190                 goto out;
 191         }
 192         close(devfd);
 193
 194         r = LUKS_read_phdr(device, hdr, 0, ctx);
 195         if (r == 0) {
 196                 log_dbg("Device %s already contains LUKS header, checking UUID and offset.", device);
 197                 if(hdr->payloadOffset != hdr_file.payloadOffset ||
 198                    hdr->keyBytes != hdr_file.keyBytes) {
 199                         log_err(ctx, _("Data offset or key size differs on device and backup, restore failed.\n"));
 200                         r = -EINVAL;
 201                         goto out;
 202                 }
 203                 if (memcmp(hdr->uuid, hdr_file.uuid, UUID_STRING_L))
 204                         diff_uuid = 1;
 205         }
 206
 207         if (snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), _("Device %s %s%s"), device,
 208                  r ? _("does not contain LUKS header. Replacing header can destroy data on that device.") :
 209                      _("already contains LUKS header. Replacing header will destroy existing keyslots."),
 210                      diff_uuid ? _("\nWARNING: real device header has different UUID than backup!") : "") < 0) {
 211                 r = -ENOMEM;
 212                 goto out;
 213         }
 214
 215         if (!crypt_confirm(ctx, msg)) {
 216                 r = -EINVAL;
 217                 goto out;
 218         }
 219
 220         log_dbg("Storing backup of header (%u bytes) and keyslot area (%u bytes) to device %s.",
 221                 sizeof(*hdr), buffer_size - LUKS_ALIGN_KEYSLOTS, device);
 222
 223         devfd = open(device, O_WRONLY | O_DIRECT | O_SYNC);
 224         if(devfd == -1) {
 225                 log_err(ctx, _("Cannot open device %s.\n"), device);
 226                 r = -EINVAL;
 227                 goto out;
 228         }
 229
 230         if(write_blockwise(devfd, buffer, buffer_size) < buffer_size) {
 231                 r = -EIO;
 232                 goto out;
 233         }
 234         close(devfd);
 235
 236         /* Be sure to reload new data */
 237         r = LUKS_read_phdr(device, hdr, 0, ctx);
 238 out:
 239         if (devfd != -1)
 240                 close(devfd);
 241         safe_free(buffer);
 242         return r;
 243 }
 244
 245 static int _check_and_convert_hdr(const char *device,
 246                                   struct luks_phdr *hdr,
 247                                   int require_luks_device,
 248                                   struct crypt_device *ctx)
 249 {
 250         int r = 0;
 251         unsigned int i;
 252         char luksMagic[] = LUKS_MAGIC;
 253
 254         if(memcmp(hdr->magic, luksMagic, LUKS_MAGIC_L)) { /* Check magic */
 255                 log_dbg("LUKS header not detected.");
 256                 if (require_luks_device)
 257                         log_err(ctx, _("Device %s is not a valid LUKS device.\n"), device);
 258                 else
 259                         set_error(_("Device %s is not a valid LUKS device."), device);
 260                 r = -EINVAL;
 261         } else if((hdr->version = ntohs(hdr->version)) != 1) {  /* Convert every uint16/32_t item from network byte order */
 262                 log_err(ctx, _("Unsupported LUKS version %d.\n"), hdr->version);
 263                 r = -EINVAL;
 264         } else if (PBKDF2_HMAC_ready(hdr->hashSpec) < 0) {
 265                 log_err(ctx, _("Requested LUKS hash %s is not supported.\n"), hdr->hashSpec);
 266                 r = -EINVAL;
 267         } else {
 268                 hdr->payloadOffset      = ntohl(hdr->payloadOffset);
 269                 hdr->keyBytes           = ntohl(hdr->keyBytes);
 270                 hdr->mkDigestIterations = ntohl(hdr->mkDigestIterations);
 271
 272                 for(i = 0; i < LUKS_NUMKEYS; ++i) {
 273                         hdr->keyblock[i].active             = ntohl(hdr->keyblock[i].active);
 274                         hdr->keyblock[i].passwordIterations = ntohl(hdr->keyblock[i].passwordIterations);
 275                         hdr->keyblock[i].keyMaterialOffset  = ntohl(hdr->keyblock[i].keyMaterialOffset);
 276                         hdr->keyblock[i].stripes            = ntohl(hdr->keyblock[i].stripes);
 277                 }
 278         }
 279
 280         return r;
 281 }
 282
 283 static void _to_lower(char *str, unsigned max_len)
 284 {
 285         for(; *str && max_len; str++, max_len--)
 286                 if (isupper(*str))
 287                         *str = tolower(*str);
 288 }
 289
 290 static void LUKS_fix_header_compatible(struct luks_phdr *header)
 291 {
 292         /* Old cryptsetup expects "sha1", gcrypt allows case insensistive names,
 293          * so always convert hash to lower case in header */
 294         _to_lower(header->hashSpec, LUKS_HASHSPEC_L);
 295 }
 296
 297 int LUKS_read_phdr_backup(const char *backup_file,
 298                           const char *device,
 299                           struct luks_phdr *hdr,
 300                           int require_luks_device,
 301                           struct crypt_device *ctx)
 302 {
 303         int devfd = 0, r = 0;
 304
 305         log_dbg("Reading LUKS header of size %d from backup file %s",
 306                 sizeof(struct luks_phdr), backup_file);
 307
 308         devfd = open(backup_file, O_RDONLY);
 309         if(-1 == devfd) {
 310                 log_err(ctx, _("Cannot open file %s.\n"), device);
 311                 return -EINVAL;
 312         }
 313
 314         if(read(devfd, hdr, sizeof(struct luks_phdr)) < sizeof(struct luks_phdr))
 315                 r = -EIO;
 316         else {
 317                 LUKS_fix_header_compatible(hdr);
 318                 r = _check_and_convert_hdr(backup_file, hdr, require_luks_device, ctx);
 319         }
 320
 321         close(devfd);
 322         return r;
 323 }
 324
 325 int LUKS_read_phdr(const char *device,
 326                    struct luks_phdr *hdr,
 327                    int require_luks_device,
 328                    struct crypt_device *ctx)
 329 {
 330         int devfd = 0, r = 0;
 331         uint64_t size;
 332
 333         log_dbg("Reading LUKS header of size %d from device %s",
 334                 sizeof(struct luks_phdr), device);
 335
 336         devfd = open(device,O_RDONLY | O_DIRECT | O_SYNC);
 337         if(-1 == devfd) {
 338                 log_err(ctx, _("Cannot open device %s.\n"), device);
 339                 return -EINVAL;
 340         }
 341
 342         if(read_blockwise(devfd, hdr, sizeof(struct luks_phdr)) < sizeof(struct luks_phdr))
 343                 r = -EIO;
 344         else
 345                 r = _check_and_convert_hdr(device, hdr, require_luks_device, ctx);
 346
 347 #ifdef BLKGETSIZE64
 348         if (r == 0 && (ioctl(devfd, BLKGETSIZE64, &size) < 0 ||
 349             size < (uint64_t)hdr->payloadOffset)) {
 350                 log_err(ctx, _("LUKS header detected but device %s is too small.\n"), device);
 351                 r = -EINVAL;
 352         }
 353 #endif
 354         close(devfd);
 355
 356         return r;
 357 }
 358
 359 int LUKS_write_phdr(const char *device,
 360                     struct luks_phdr *hdr,
 361                     struct crypt_device *ctx)
 362 {
 363         int devfd = 0;
 364         unsigned int i;
 365         struct luks_phdr convHdr;
 366         int r;
 367
 368         log_dbg("Updating LUKS header of size %d on device %s",
 369                 sizeof(struct luks_phdr), device);
 370
 371         devfd = open(device,O_RDWR | O_DIRECT | O_SYNC);
 372         if(-1 == devfd) {
 373                 log_err(ctx, _("Cannot open device %s.\n"), device);
 374                 return -EINVAL;
 375         }
 376
 377         memcpy(&convHdr, hdr, sizeof(struct luks_phdr));
 378         memset(&convHdr._padding, 0, sizeof(convHdr._padding));
 379
 380         /* Convert every uint16/32_t item to network byte order */
 381         convHdr.version            = htons(hdr->version);
 382         convHdr.payloadOffset      = htonl(hdr->payloadOffset);
 383         convHdr.keyBytes           = htonl(hdr->keyBytes);
 384         convHdr.mkDigestIterations = htonl(hdr->mkDigestIterations);
 385         for(i = 0; i < LUKS_NUMKEYS; ++i) {
 386                 convHdr.keyblock[i].active             = htonl(hdr->keyblock[i].active);
 387                 convHdr.keyblock[i].passwordIterations = htonl(hdr->keyblock[i].passwordIterations);
 388                 convHdr.keyblock[i].keyMaterialOffset  = htonl(hdr->keyblock[i].keyMaterialOffset);
 389                 convHdr.keyblock[i].stripes            = htonl(hdr->keyblock[i].stripes);
 390         }
 391
 392         r = write_blockwise(devfd, &convHdr, sizeof(struct luks_phdr)) < sizeof(struct luks_phdr) ? -EIO : 0;
 393         if (r)
 394                 log_err(ctx, _("Error during update of LUKS header on device %s.\n"), device);
 395         close(devfd);
 396
 397         /* Re-read header from disk to be sure that in-memory and on-disk data are the same. */
 398         if (!r) {
 399                 r = LUKS_read_phdr(device, hdr, 1, ctx);
 400                 if (r)
 401                         log_err(ctx, _("Error re-reading LUKS header after update on device %s.\n"), device);
 402         }
 403
 404         return r;
 405 }
 406
 407 static int LUKS_PBKDF2_performance_check(const char *hashSpec,
 408                                          uint64_t *PBKDF2_per_sec,
 409                                          struct crypt_device *ctx)
 410 {
 411         if (!*PBKDF2_per_sec) {
 412                 if (PBKDF2_performance_check(hashSpec, PBKDF2_per_sec) < 0) {
 413                         log_err(ctx, _("Not compatible PBKDF2 options (using hash algorithm %s).\n"), hashSpec);
 414                         return -EINVAL;
 415                 }
 416                 log_dbg("PBKDF2: %" PRIu64 " iterations per second using hash %s.", *PBKDF2_per_sec, hashSpec);
 417         }
 418
 419         return 0;
 420 }
 421
 422 int LUKS_generate_phdr(struct luks_phdr *header,
 423                        const struct luks_masterkey *mk,
 424                        const char *cipherName, const char *cipherMode, const char *hashSpec,
 425                        const char *uuid, unsigned int stripes,
 426                        unsigned int alignPayload,
 427                        unsigned int alignOffset,
 428                        uint32_t iteration_time_ms,
 429                        uint64_t *PBKDF2_per_sec,
 430                        struct crypt_device *ctx)
 431 {
 432         unsigned int i=0;
 433         unsigned int blocksPerStripeSet = div_round_up(mk->keyLength*stripes,SECTOR_SIZE);
 434         int r;
 435         char luksMagic[] = LUKS_MAGIC;
 436         uuid_t partitionUuid;
 437         int currentSector;
 438
 439         if (alignPayload == 0)
 440                 alignPayload = DEFAULT_DISK_ALIGNMENT / SECTOR_SIZE;
 441
 442         memset(header,0,sizeof(struct luks_phdr));
 443
 444         /* Set Magic */
 445         memcpy(header->magic,luksMagic,LUKS_MAGIC_L);
 446         header->version=1;
 447         strncpy(header->cipherName,cipherName,LUKS_CIPHERNAME_L);
 448         strncpy(header->cipherMode,cipherMode,LUKS_CIPHERMODE_L);
 449         strncpy(header->hashSpec,hashSpec,LUKS_HASHSPEC_L);
 450
 451         header->keyBytes=mk->keyLength;
 452
 453         LUKS_fix_header_compatible(header);
 454
 455         log_dbg("Generating LUKS header version %d using hash %s, %s, %s, MK %d bytes",
 456                 header->version, header->hashSpec ,header->cipherName, header->cipherMode,
 457                 header->keyBytes);
 458
 459         r = getRandom(header->mkDigestSalt,LUKS_SALTSIZE);
 460         if(r < 0) {
 461                 log_err(ctx,  _("Cannot create LUKS header: reading random salt failed.\n"));
 462                 return r;
 463         }
 464
 465         if ((r = LUKS_PBKDF2_performance_check(header->hashSpec, PBKDF2_per_sec, ctx)))
 466                 return r;
 467
 468         /* Compute master key digest */
 469         iteration_time_ms /= 8;
 470         header->mkDigestIterations = at_least((uint32_t)(*PBKDF2_per_sec/1024) * iteration_time_ms,
 471                                               LUKS_MKD_ITERATIONS_MIN);
 472
 473         r = PBKDF2_HMAC(header->hashSpec,mk->key,mk->keyLength,
 474                         header->mkDigestSalt,LUKS_SALTSIZE,
 475                         header->mkDigestIterations,
 476                         header->mkDigest,LUKS_DIGESTSIZE);
 477         if(r < 0) {
 478                 log_err(ctx,  _("Cannot create LUKS header: header digest failed (using hash %s).\n"),
 479                         header->hashSpec);
 480                 return r;
 481         }
 482
 483         currentSector = round_up_modulo(LUKS_PHDR_SIZE, LUKS_ALIGN_KEYSLOTS / SECTOR_SIZE);
 484         for(i = 0; i < LUKS_NUMKEYS; ++i) {
 485                 header->keyblock[i].active = LUKS_KEY_DISABLED;
 486                 header->keyblock[i].keyMaterialOffset = currentSector;
 487                 header->keyblock[i].stripes = stripes;
 488                 currentSector = round_up_modulo(currentSector + blocksPerStripeSet,
 489                                                 LUKS_ALIGN_KEYSLOTS / SECTOR_SIZE);
 490         }
 491         currentSector = round_up_modulo(currentSector, alignPayload);
 492
 493         /* alignOffset - offset from natural device alignment provided by topology info */
 494         header->payloadOffset = currentSector + alignOffset;
 495
 496         if (uuid && !uuid_parse(uuid, partitionUuid)) {
 497                 log_err(ctx, _("Wrong UUID format provided, generating new one.\n"));
 498                 uuid = NULL;
 499         }
 500         if (!uuid)
 501                 uuid_generate(partitionUuid);
 502         uuid_unparse(partitionUuid, header->uuid);
 503
 504         log_dbg("Data offset %d, UUID %s, digest iterations %" PRIu32,
 505                 header->payloadOffset, header->uuid, header->mkDigestIterations);
 506
 507         return 0;
 508 }
 509
 510 int LUKS_set_key(const char *device, unsigned int keyIndex,
 511                  const char *password, size_t passwordLen,
 512                  struct luks_phdr *hdr, struct luks_masterkey *mk,
 513                  uint32_t iteration_time_ms,
 514                  uint64_t *PBKDF2_per_sec,
 515                  struct crypt_device *ctx)
 516 {
 517         char derivedKey[hdr->keyBytes];
 518         char *AfKey;
 519         unsigned int AFEKSize;
 520         uint64_t PBKDF2_temp;
 521         int r;
 522
 523         if(hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].active != LUKS_KEY_DISABLED) {
 524                 log_err(ctx,  _("Key slot %d active, purge first.\n"), keyIndex);
 525                 return -EINVAL;
 526         }
 527
 528         if(hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].stripes < LUKS_STRIPES) {
 529                 log_err(ctx, _("Key slot %d material includes too few stripes. Header manipulation?\n"),
 530                         keyIndex);
 531                  return -EINVAL;
 532         }
 533
 534         log_dbg("Calculating data for key slot %d", keyIndex);
 535
 536         if ((r = LUKS_PBKDF2_performance_check(hdr->hashSpec, PBKDF2_per_sec, ctx)))
 537                 return r;
 538
 539         /*
 540          * Avoid floating point operation
 541          * Final iteration count is at least LUKS_SLOT_ITERATIONS_MIN
 542          */
 543         PBKDF2_temp = (*PBKDF2_per_sec / 2) * (uint64_t)iteration_time_ms;
 544         PBKDF2_temp /= 1024;
 545         if (PBKDF2_temp > UINT32_MAX)
 546                 PBKDF2_temp = UINT32_MAX;
 547         hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].passwordIterations = at_least((uint32_t)PBKDF2_temp,
 548                                                               LUKS_SLOT_ITERATIONS_MIN);
 549
 550         log_dbg("Key slot %d use %d password iterations.", keyIndex, hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].passwordIterations);
 551
 552         r = getRandom(hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].passwordSalt, LUKS_SALTSIZE);
 553         if(r < 0) return r;
 554
 555 //      assert((mk->keyLength % TWOFISH_BLOCKSIZE) == 0); FIXME
 556
 557         r = PBKDF2_HMAC(hdr->hashSpec, password,passwordLen,
 558                         hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].passwordSalt,LUKS_SALTSIZE,
 559                         hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].passwordIterations,
 560                         derivedKey, hdr->keyBytes);
 561         if(r < 0) return r;
 562
 563         /*
 564          * AF splitting, the masterkey stored in mk->key is splitted to AfMK
 565          */
 566         AFEKSize = hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].stripes*mk->keyLength;
 567         AfKey = (char *)malloc(AFEKSize);
 568         if(AfKey == NULL) return -ENOMEM;
 569
 570         log_dbg("Using hash %s for AF in key slot %d, %d stripes",
 571                 hdr->hashSpec, keyIndex, hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].stripes);
 572         r = AF_split(mk->key,AfKey,mk->keyLength,hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].stripes,hdr->hashSpec);
 573         if(r < 0) goto out;
 574
 575         log_dbg("Updating key slot %d [0x%04x] area on device %s.", keyIndex,
 576                 hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].keyMaterialOffset << 9, device);
 577         /* Encryption via dm */
 578         r = LUKS_encrypt_to_storage(AfKey,
 579                                     AFEKSize,
 580                                     hdr,
 581                                     derivedKey,
 582                                     hdr->keyBytes,
 583                                     device,
 584                                     hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].keyMaterialOffset,
 585                                     ctx);
 586         if(r < 0) {
 587                 if(!get_error())
 588                         log_err(ctx, _("Failed to write to key storage.\n"));
 589                 goto out;
 590         }
 591
 592         /* Mark the key as active in phdr */
 593         r = LUKS_keyslot_set(hdr, (int)keyIndex, 1);
 594         if(r < 0) goto out;
 595
 596         r = LUKS_write_phdr(device, hdr, ctx);
 597         if(r < 0) goto out;
 598
 599         r = 0;
 600 out:
 601         free(AfKey);
 602         return r;
 603 }
 604
 605 /* Check whether a master key is invalid. */
 606 int LUKS_verify_master_key(const struct luks_phdr *hdr,
 607                            const struct luks_masterkey *mk)
 608 {
 609         char checkHashBuf[LUKS_DIGESTSIZE];
 610
 611         if (PBKDF2_HMAC(hdr->hashSpec, mk->key, mk->keyLength,
 612                         hdr->mkDigestSalt, LUKS_SALTSIZE,
 613                         hdr->mkDigestIterations, checkHashBuf,
 614                         LUKS_DIGESTSIZE) < 0)
 615                 return -EINVAL;
 616
 617         if (memcmp(checkHashBuf, hdr->mkDigest, LUKS_DIGESTSIZE))
 618                 return -EPERM;
 619
 620         return 0;
 621 }
 622
 623 /* Try to open a particular key slot */
 624 static int LUKS_open_key(const char *device,
 625                   unsigned int keyIndex,
 626                   const char *password,
 627                   size_t passwordLen,
 628                   struct luks_phdr *hdr,
 629                   struct luks_masterkey *mk,
 630                   struct crypt_device *ctx)
 631 {
 632         crypt_keyslot_info ki = LUKS_keyslot_info(hdr, keyIndex);
 633         char derivedKey[hdr->keyBytes];
 634         char *AfKey;
 635         size_t AFEKSize;
 636         int r;
 637
 638         log_dbg("Trying to open key slot %d [%d].", keyIndex, (int)ki);
 639
 640         if (ki < CRYPT_SLOT_ACTIVE)
 641                 return -ENOENT;
 642
 643         // assert((mk->keyLength % TWOFISH_BLOCKSIZE) == 0); FIXME
 644
 645         AFEKSize = hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].stripes*mk->keyLength;
 646         AfKey = (char *)malloc(AFEKSize);
 647         if(AfKey == NULL) return -ENOMEM;
 648
 649         r = PBKDF2_HMAC(hdr->hashSpec, password,passwordLen,
 650                         hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].passwordSalt,LUKS_SALTSIZE,
 651                         hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].passwordIterations,
 652                         derivedKey, hdr->keyBytes);
 653         if(r < 0) goto out;
 654
 655         log_dbg("Reading key slot %d area.", keyIndex);
 656         r = LUKS_decrypt_from_storage(AfKey,
 657                                       AFEKSize,
 658                                       hdr,
 659                                       derivedKey,
 660                                       hdr->keyBytes,
 661                                       device,
 662                                       hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].keyMaterialOffset,
 663                                       ctx);
 664         if(r < 0) {
 665                 log_err(ctx, _("Failed to read from key storage.\n"));
 666                 goto out;
 667         }
 668
 669         r = AF_merge(AfKey,mk->key,mk->keyLength,hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].stripes,hdr->hashSpec);
 670         if(r < 0) goto out;
 671
 672         r = LUKS_verify_master_key(hdr, mk);
 673         if (r >= 0)
 674                 log_verbose(ctx, _("Key slot %d unlocked.\n"), keyIndex);
 675 out:
 676         free(AfKey);
 677         return r;
 678 }
 679
 680 int LUKS_open_key_with_hdr(const char *device,
 681                            int keyIndex,
 682                            const char *password,
 683                            size_t passwordLen,
 684                            struct luks_phdr *hdr,
 685                            struct luks_masterkey **mk,
 686                            struct crypt_device *ctx)
 687 {
 688         unsigned int i;
 689         int r;
 690
 691         *mk = LUKS_alloc_masterkey(hdr->keyBytes, NULL);
 692
 693         if (keyIndex >= 0)
 694                 return LUKS_open_key(device, keyIndex, password, passwordLen, hdr, *mk, ctx);
 695
 696         for(i = 0; i < LUKS_NUMKEYS; i++) {
 697                 r = LUKS_open_key(device, i, password, passwordLen, hdr, *mk, ctx);
 698                 if(r == 0)
 699                         return i;
 700
 701                 /* Do not retry for errors that are no -EPERM or -ENOENT,
 702                    former meaning password wrong, latter key slot inactive */
 703                 if ((r != -EPERM) && (r != -ENOENT))
 704                         return r;
 705         }
 706         /* Warning, early returns above */
 707         log_err(ctx, _("No key available with this passphrase.\n"));
 708         return -EPERM;
 709 }
 710
 711 /*
 712  * Wipe patterns according to Gutmann's Paper
 713  */
 714
 715 static void wipeSpecial(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size, unsigned int turn)
 716 {
 717         unsigned int i;
 718
 719         unsigned char write_modes[][3] = {
 720                 {"\x55\x55\x55"}, {"\xaa\xaa\xaa"}, {"\x92\x49\x24"},
 721                 {"\x49\x24\x92"}, {"\x24\x92\x49"}, {"\x00\x00\x00"},
 722                 {"\x11\x11\x11"}, {"\x22\x22\x22"}, {"\x33\x33\x33"},
 723                 {"\x44\x44\x44"}, {"\x55\x55\x55"}, {"\x66\x66\x66"},
 724                 {"\x77\x77\x77"}, {"\x88\x88\x88"}, {"\x99\x99\x99"},
 725                 {"\xaa\xaa\xaa"}, {"\xbb\xbb\xbb"}, {"\xcc\xcc\xcc"},
 726                 {"\xdd\xdd\xdd"}, {"\xee\xee\xee"}, {"\xff\xff\xff"},
 727                 {"\x92\x49\x24"}, {"\x49\x24\x92"}, {"\x24\x92\x49"},
 728                 {"\x6d\xb6\xdb"}, {"\xb6\xdb\x6d"}, {"\xdb\x6d\xb6"}
 729         };
 730
 731         for(i = 0; i < buffer_size / 3; ++i) {
 732                 memcpy(buffer, write_modes[turn], 3);
 733                 buffer += 3;
 734         }
 735 }
 736
 737 static int wipe(const char *device, unsigned int from, unsigned int to)
 738 {
 739         int devfd;
 740         char *buffer;
 741         unsigned int i;
 742         unsigned int bufLen = (to - from) * SECTOR_SIZE;
 743         int r = 0;
 744
 745         devfd = open(device, O_RDWR | O_DIRECT | O_SYNC);
 746         if(devfd == -1)
 747                 return -EINVAL;
 748
 749         buffer = (char *) malloc(bufLen);
 750         if(!buffer) return -ENOMEM;
 751
 752         for(i = 0; i < 39; ++i) {
 753                 if     (i >=  0 && i <  5) getRandom(buffer, bufLen);
 754                 else if(i >=  5 && i < 32) wipeSpecial(buffer, bufLen, i - 5);
 755                 else if(i >= 32 && i < 38) getRandom(buffer, bufLen);
 756                 else if(i >= 38 && i < 39) memset(buffer, 0xFF, bufLen);
 757
 758                 if(write_lseek_blockwise(devfd, buffer, bufLen, from * SECTOR_SIZE) < 0) {
 759                         r = -EIO;
 760                         break;
 761                 }
 762         }
 763
 764         free(buffer);
 765         close(devfd);
 766
 767         return r;
 768 }
 769
 770 int LUKS_del_key(const char *device,
 771                  unsigned int keyIndex,
 772                  struct luks_phdr *hdr,
 773                  struct crypt_device *ctx)
 774 {
 775         unsigned int startOffset, endOffset, stripesLen;
 776         int r;
 777
 778         r = LUKS_read_phdr(device, hdr, 1, ctx);
 779         if (r)
 780                 return r;
 781
 782         r = LUKS_keyslot_set(hdr, keyIndex, 0);
 783         if (r) {
 784                 log_err(ctx, _("Key slot %d is invalid, please select keyslot between 0 and %d.\n"),
 785                         keyIndex, LUKS_NUMKEYS - 1);
 786                 return r;
 787         }
 788
 789         /* secure deletion of key material */
 790         startOffset = hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].keyMaterialOffset;
 791         stripesLen = hdr->keyBytes * hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].stripes;
 792         endOffset = startOffset + div_round_up(stripesLen, SECTOR_SIZE);
 793
 794         r = wipe(device, startOffset, endOffset);
 795         if (r) {
 796                 log_err(ctx, _("Cannot wipe device %s.\n"), device);
 797                 return r;
 798         }
 799
 800         /* Wipe keyslot info */
 801         memset(&hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].passwordSalt, 0, LUKS_SALTSIZE);
 802         hdr->keyblock[keyIndex].passwordIterations = 0;
 803
 804         r = LUKS_write_phdr(device, hdr, ctx);
 805
 806         return r;
 807 }
 808
 809 crypt_keyslot_info LUKS_keyslot_info(struct luks_phdr *hdr, int keyslot)
 810 {
 811         int i;
 812
 813         if(keyslot >= LUKS_NUMKEYS || keyslot < 0)
 814                 return CRYPT_SLOT_INVALID;
 815
 816         if (hdr->keyblock[keyslot].active == LUKS_KEY_DISABLED)
 817                 return CRYPT_SLOT_INACTIVE;
 818
 819         if (hdr->keyblock[keyslot].active != LUKS_KEY_ENABLED)
 820                 return CRYPT_SLOT_INVALID;
 821
 822         for(i = 0; i < LUKS_NUMKEYS; i++)
 823                 if(i != keyslot && hdr->keyblock[i].active == LUKS_KEY_ENABLED)
 824                         return CRYPT_SLOT_ACTIVE;
 825
 826         return CRYPT_SLOT_ACTIVE_LAST;
 827 }
 828
 829 int LUKS_keyslot_find_empty(struct luks_phdr *hdr)
 830 {
 831         int i;
 832
 833         for (i = 0; i < LUKS_NUMKEYS; i++)
 834                 if(hdr->keyblock[i].active == LUKS_KEY_DISABLED)
 835                         break;
 836
 837         if (i == LUKS_NUMKEYS)
 838                 return -EINVAL;
 839
 840         return i;
 841 }
 842
 843 int LUKS_keyslot_active_count(struct luks_phdr *hdr)
 844 {
 845         int i, num = 0;
 846
 847         for (i = 0; i < LUKS_NUMKEYS; i++)
 848                 if(hdr->keyblock[i].active == LUKS_KEY_ENABLED)
 849                         num++;
 850
 851         return num;
 852 }
 853
 854 int LUKS_keyslot_set(struct luks_phdr *hdr, int keyslot, int enable)
 855 {
 856         crypt_keyslot_info ki = LUKS_keyslot_info(hdr, keyslot);
 857
 858         if (ki == CRYPT_SLOT_INVALID)
 859                 return -EINVAL;
 860
 861         hdr->keyblock[keyslot].active = enable ? LUKS_KEY_ENABLED : LUKS_KEY_DISABLED;
 862         log_dbg("Key slot %d was %s in LUKS header.", keyslot, enable ? "enabled" : "disabled");
 863         return 0;
 864 }