1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
5 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
8 /* vsprintf.c -- Lars Wirzenius & Linus Torvalds. */
10 * Wirzenius wrote this portably, Torvalds fucked it up :-)
14 * Fri Jul 13 2001 Crutcher Dunnavant <crutcher+kernel@datastacks.com>
15 * - changed to provide snprintf and vsnprintf functions
16 * So Feb 1 16:51:32 CET 2004 Juergen Quade <quade@hsnr.de>
17 * - scnprintf and vscnprintf
20 #include <linux/stdarg.h>
21 #include <linux/build_bug.h>
22 #include <linux/clk.h>
23 #include <linux/clk-provider.h>
24 #include <linux/errname.h>
25 #include <linux/module.h> /* for KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN */
26 #include <linux/types.h>
27 #include <linux/string.h>
28 #include <linux/ctype.h>
29 #include <linux/kernel.h>
30 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
31 #include <linux/math64.h>
32 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
33 #include <linux/ioport.h>
34 #include <linux/dcache.h>
35 #include <linux/cred.h>
36 #include <linux/rtc.h>
37 #include <linux/time.h>
38 #include <linux/uuid.h>
40 #include <net/addrconf.h>
41 #include <linux/siphash.h>
42 #include <linux/compiler.h>
43 #include <linux/property.h>
45 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
48 #include "../mm/internal.h" /* For the trace_print_flags arrays */
50 #include <asm/page.h> /* for PAGE_SIZE */
51 #include <asm/byteorder.h> /* cpu_to_le16 */
53 #include <linux/string_helpers.h>
56 static noinline unsigned long long simple_strntoull(const char *startp, size_t max_chars, char **endp, unsigned int base)
59 unsigned long long result = 0ULL;
63 cp = _parse_integer_fixup_radix(startp, &base);
64 prefix_chars = cp - startp;
65 if (prefix_chars < max_chars) {
66 rv = _parse_integer_limit(cp, base, &result, max_chars - prefix_chars);
68 cp += (rv & ~KSTRTOX_OVERFLOW);
70 /* Field too short for prefix + digit, skip over without converting */
71 cp = startp + max_chars;
81 * simple_strtoull - convert a string to an unsigned long long
82 * @cp: The start of the string
83 * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
84 * @base: The number base to use
86 * This function has caveats. Please use kstrtoull instead.
89 unsigned long long simple_strtoull(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
91 return simple_strntoull(cp, INT_MAX, endp, base);
93 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoull);
96 * simple_strtoul - convert a string to an unsigned long
97 * @cp: The start of the string
98 * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
99 * @base: The number base to use
101 * This function has caveats. Please use kstrtoul instead.
103 unsigned long simple_strtoul(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
105 return simple_strtoull(cp, endp, base);
107 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoul);
110 * simple_strtol - convert a string to a signed long
111 * @cp: The start of the string
112 * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
113 * @base: The number base to use
115 * This function has caveats. Please use kstrtol instead.
117 long simple_strtol(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
120 return -simple_strtoul(cp + 1, endp, base);
122 return simple_strtoul(cp, endp, base);
124 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtol);
126 static long long simple_strntoll(const char *cp, size_t max_chars, char **endp,
130 * simple_strntoull() safely handles receiving max_chars==0 in the
131 * case cp[0] == '-' && max_chars == 1.
132 * If max_chars == 0 we can drop through and pass it to simple_strntoull()
133 * and the content of *cp is irrelevant.
135 if (*cp == '-' && max_chars > 0)
136 return -simple_strntoull(cp + 1, max_chars - 1, endp, base);
138 return simple_strntoull(cp, max_chars, endp, base);
142 * simple_strtoll - convert a string to a signed long long
143 * @cp: The start of the string
144 * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
145 * @base: The number base to use
147 * This function has caveats. Please use kstrtoll instead.
149 long long simple_strtoll(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
151 return simple_strntoll(cp, INT_MAX, endp, base);
153 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoll);
155 static noinline_for_stack
156 int skip_atoi(const char **s)
161 i = i*10 + *((*s)++) - '0';
162 } while (isdigit(**s));
168 * Decimal conversion is by far the most typical, and is used for
169 * /proc and /sys data. This directly impacts e.g. top performance
170 * with many processes running. We optimize it for speed by emitting
171 * two characters at a time, using a 200 byte lookup table. This
172 * roughly halves the number of multiplications compared to computing
173 * the digits one at a time. Implementation strongly inspired by the
174 * previous version, which in turn used ideas described at
175 * <http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/divide.html> (with permission
176 * from the author, Douglas W. Jones).
178 * It turns out there is precisely one 26 bit fixed-point
179 * approximation a of 64/100 for which x/100 == (x * (u64)a) >> 32
180 * holds for all x in [0, 10^8-1], namely a = 0x28f5c29. The actual
181 * range happens to be somewhat larger (x <= 1073741898), but that's
182 * irrelevant for our purpose.
184 * For dividing a number in the range [10^4, 10^6-1] by 100, we still
185 * need a 32x32->64 bit multiply, so we simply use the same constant.
187 * For dividing a number in the range [100, 10^4-1] by 100, there are
188 * several options. The simplest is (x * 0x147b) >> 19, which is valid
189 * for all x <= 43698.
192 static const u16 decpair[100] = {
193 #define _(x) (__force u16) cpu_to_le16(((x % 10) | ((x / 10) << 8)) + 0x3030)
194 _( 0), _( 1), _( 2), _( 3), _( 4), _( 5), _( 6), _( 7), _( 8), _( 9),
195 _(10), _(11), _(12), _(13), _(14), _(15), _(16), _(17), _(18), _(19),
196 _(20), _(21), _(22), _(23), _(24), _(25), _(26), _(27), _(28), _(29),
197 _(30), _(31), _(32), _(33), _(34), _(35), _(36), _(37), _(38), _(39),
198 _(40), _(41), _(42), _(43), _(44), _(45), _(46), _(47), _(48), _(49),
199 _(50), _(51), _(52), _(53), _(54), _(55), _(56), _(57), _(58), _(59),
200 _(60), _(61), _(62), _(63), _(64), _(65), _(66), _(67), _(68), _(69),
201 _(70), _(71), _(72), _(73), _(74), _(75), _(76), _(77), _(78), _(79),
202 _(80), _(81), _(82), _(83), _(84), _(85), _(86), _(87), _(88), _(89),
203 _(90), _(91), _(92), _(93), _(94), _(95), _(96), _(97), _(98), _(99),
208 * This will print a single '0' even if r == 0, since we would
209 * immediately jump to out_r where two 0s would be written but only
210 * one of them accounted for in buf. This is needed by ip4_string
211 * below. All other callers pass a non-zero value of r.
213 static noinline_for_stack
214 char *put_dec_trunc8(char *buf, unsigned r)
222 /* 100 <= r < 10^8 */
223 q = (r * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
224 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
231 /* 100 <= q < 10^6 */
232 r = (q * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
233 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q - 100*r];
240 /* 100 <= r < 10^4 */
241 q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
242 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
249 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r];
250 buf += r < 10 ? 1 : 2;
254 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 64 && BITS_PER_LONG_LONG == 64
255 static noinline_for_stack
256 char *put_dec_full8(char *buf, unsigned r)
261 q = (r * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
262 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
266 r = (q * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
267 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q - 100*r];
271 q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
272 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
276 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q];
281 static noinline_for_stack
282 char *put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long n)
284 if (n >= 100*1000*1000)
285 buf = put_dec_full8(buf, do_div(n, 100*1000*1000));
286 /* 1 <= n <= 1.6e11 */
287 if (n >= 100*1000*1000)
288 buf = put_dec_full8(buf, do_div(n, 100*1000*1000));
290 return put_dec_trunc8(buf, n);
293 #elif BITS_PER_LONG == 32 && BITS_PER_LONG_LONG == 64
296 put_dec_full4(char *buf, unsigned r)
301 q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
302 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
305 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q];
309 * Call put_dec_full4 on x % 10000, return x / 10000.
310 * The approximation x/10000 == (x * 0x346DC5D7) >> 43
311 * holds for all x < 1,128,869,999. The largest value this
312 * helper will ever be asked to convert is 1,125,520,955.
313 * (second call in the put_dec code, assuming n is all-ones).
315 static noinline_for_stack
316 unsigned put_dec_helper4(char *buf, unsigned x)
318 uint32_t q = (x * (uint64_t)0x346DC5D7) >> 43;
320 put_dec_full4(buf, x - q * 10000);
324 /* Based on code by Douglas W. Jones found at
325 * <http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/decimal.html#sixtyfour>
326 * (with permission from the author).
327 * Performs no 64-bit division and hence should be fast on 32-bit machines.
330 char *put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long n)
332 uint32_t d3, d2, d1, q, h;
334 if (n < 100*1000*1000)
335 return put_dec_trunc8(buf, n);
337 d1 = ((uint32_t)n >> 16); /* implicit "& 0xffff" */
340 d3 = (h >> 16); /* implicit "& 0xffff" */
342 /* n = 2^48 d3 + 2^32 d2 + 2^16 d1 + d0
343 = 281_4749_7671_0656 d3 + 42_9496_7296 d2 + 6_5536 d1 + d0 */
344 q = 656 * d3 + 7296 * d2 + 5536 * d1 + ((uint32_t)n & 0xffff);
345 q = put_dec_helper4(buf, q);
347 q += 7671 * d3 + 9496 * d2 + 6 * d1;
348 q = put_dec_helper4(buf+4, q);
350 q += 4749 * d3 + 42 * d2;
351 q = put_dec_helper4(buf+8, q);
356 buf = put_dec_trunc8(buf, q);
357 else while (buf[-1] == '0')
366 * Convert passed number to decimal string.
367 * Returns the length of string. On buffer overflow, returns 0.
369 * If speed is not important, use snprintf(). It's easy to read the code.
371 int num_to_str(char *buf, int size, unsigned long long num, unsigned int width)
373 /* put_dec requires 2-byte alignment of the buffer. */
374 char tmp[sizeof(num) * 3] __aligned(2);
377 /* put_dec() may work incorrectly for num = 0 (generate "", not "0") */
382 len = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp;
385 if (len > size || width > size)
390 for (idx = 0; idx < width; idx++)
396 for (idx = 0; idx < len; ++idx)
397 buf[idx + width] = tmp[len - idx - 1];
402 #define SIGN 1 /* unsigned/signed, must be 1 */
403 #define LEFT 2 /* left justified */
404 #define PLUS 4 /* show plus */
405 #define SPACE 8 /* space if plus */
406 #define ZEROPAD 16 /* pad with zero, must be 16 == '0' - ' ' */
407 #define SMALL 32 /* use lowercase in hex (must be 32 == 0x20) */
408 #define SPECIAL 64 /* prefix hex with "0x", octal with "0" */
410 static_assert(ZEROPAD == ('0' - ' '));
411 static_assert(SMALL == ' ');
414 FORMAT_TYPE_NONE, /* Just a string part */
416 FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION,
420 FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR,
422 FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG,
436 unsigned int type:8; /* format_type enum */
437 signed int field_width:24; /* width of output field */
438 unsigned int flags:8; /* flags to number() */
439 unsigned int base:8; /* number base, 8, 10 or 16 only */
440 signed int precision:16; /* # of digits/chars */
442 static_assert(sizeof(struct printf_spec) == 8);
444 #define FIELD_WIDTH_MAX ((1 << 23) - 1)
445 #define PRECISION_MAX ((1 << 15) - 1)
447 static noinline_for_stack
448 char *number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num,
449 struct printf_spec spec)
451 /* put_dec requires 2-byte alignment of the buffer. */
452 char tmp[3 * sizeof(num)] __aligned(2);
455 int need_pfx = ((spec.flags & SPECIAL) && spec.base != 10);
457 bool is_zero = num == 0LL;
458 int field_width = spec.field_width;
459 int precision = spec.precision;
461 /* locase = 0 or 0x20. ORing digits or letters with 'locase'
462 * produces same digits or (maybe lowercased) letters */
463 locase = (spec.flags & SMALL);
464 if (spec.flags & LEFT)
465 spec.flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
467 if (spec.flags & SIGN) {
468 if ((signed long long)num < 0) {
470 num = -(signed long long)num;
472 } else if (spec.flags & PLUS) {
475 } else if (spec.flags & SPACE) {
487 /* generate full string in tmp[], in reverse order */
490 tmp[i++] = hex_asc_upper[num] | locase;
491 else if (spec.base != 10) { /* 8 or 16 */
492 int mask = spec.base - 1;
498 tmp[i++] = (hex_asc_upper[((unsigned char)num) & mask] | locase);
501 } else { /* base 10 */
502 i = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp;
505 /* printing 100 using %2d gives "100", not "00" */
508 /* leading space padding */
509 field_width -= precision;
510 if (!(spec.flags & (ZEROPAD | LEFT))) {
511 while (--field_width >= 0) {
523 /* "0x" / "0" prefix */
525 if (spec.base == 16 || !is_zero) {
530 if (spec.base == 16) {
532 *buf = ('X' | locase);
536 /* zero or space padding */
537 if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
538 char c = ' ' + (spec.flags & ZEROPAD);
540 while (--field_width >= 0) {
546 /* hmm even more zero padding? */
547 while (i <= --precision) {
552 /* actual digits of result */
558 /* trailing space padding */
559 while (--field_width >= 0) {
568 static noinline_for_stack
569 char *special_hex_number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num, int size)
571 struct printf_spec spec;
573 spec.type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTR;
574 spec.field_width = 2 + 2 * size; /* 0x + hex */
575 spec.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD;
579 return number(buf, end, num, spec);
582 static void move_right(char *buf, char *end, unsigned len, unsigned spaces)
585 if (buf >= end) /* nowhere to put anything */
588 if (size <= spaces) {
589 memset(buf, ' ', size);
593 if (len > size - spaces)
595 memmove(buf + spaces, buf, len);
597 memset(buf, ' ', spaces);
601 * Handle field width padding for a string.
602 * @buf: current buffer position
603 * @n: length of string
604 * @end: end of output buffer
605 * @spec: for field width and flags
606 * Returns: new buffer position after padding.
608 static noinline_for_stack
609 char *widen_string(char *buf, int n, char *end, struct printf_spec spec)
613 if (likely(n >= spec.field_width))
615 /* we want to pad the sucker */
616 spaces = spec.field_width - n;
617 if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
618 move_right(buf - n, end, n, spaces);
629 /* Handle string from a well known address. */
630 static char *string_nocheck(char *buf, char *end, const char *s,
631 struct printf_spec spec)
634 int lim = spec.precision;
645 return widen_string(buf, len, end, spec);
648 static char *err_ptr(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
649 struct printf_spec spec)
651 int err = PTR_ERR(ptr);
652 const char *sym = errname(err);
655 return string_nocheck(buf, end, sym, spec);
658 * Somebody passed ERR_PTR(-1234) or some other non-existing
659 * Efoo - or perhaps CONFIG_SYMBOLIC_ERRNAME=n. Fall back to
660 * printing it as its decimal representation.
664 return number(buf, end, err, spec);
667 /* Be careful: error messages must fit into the given buffer. */
668 static char *error_string(char *buf, char *end, const char *s,
669 struct printf_spec spec)
672 * Hard limit to avoid a completely insane messages. It actually
673 * works pretty well because most error messages are in
674 * the many pointer format modifiers.
676 if (spec.precision == -1)
677 spec.precision = 2 * sizeof(void *);
679 return string_nocheck(buf, end, s, spec);
683 * Do not call any complex external code here. Nested printk()/vsprintf()
684 * might cause infinite loops. Failures might break printk() and would
687 static const char *check_pointer_msg(const void *ptr)
692 if ((unsigned long)ptr < PAGE_SIZE || IS_ERR_VALUE(ptr))
698 static int check_pointer(char **buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
699 struct printf_spec spec)
703 err_msg = check_pointer_msg(ptr);
705 *buf = error_string(*buf, end, err_msg, spec);
712 static noinline_for_stack
713 char *string(char *buf, char *end, const char *s,
714 struct printf_spec spec)
716 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, s, spec))
719 return string_nocheck(buf, end, s, spec);
722 static char *pointer_string(char *buf, char *end,
724 struct printf_spec spec)
728 if (spec.field_width == -1) {
729 spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(ptr);
730 spec.flags |= ZEROPAD;
733 return number(buf, end, (unsigned long int)ptr, spec);
736 /* Make pointers available for printing early in the boot sequence. */
737 static int debug_boot_weak_hash __ro_after_init;
739 static int __init debug_boot_weak_hash_enable(char *str)
741 debug_boot_weak_hash = 1;
742 pr_info("debug_boot_weak_hash enabled\n");
745 early_param("debug_boot_weak_hash", debug_boot_weak_hash_enable);
747 static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(not_filled_random_ptr_key);
748 static siphash_key_t ptr_key __read_mostly;
750 static void enable_ptr_key_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
752 get_random_bytes(&ptr_key, sizeof(ptr_key));
753 /* Needs to run from preemptible context */
754 static_branch_disable(¬_filled_random_ptr_key);
757 static DECLARE_WORK(enable_ptr_key_work, enable_ptr_key_workfn);
759 static void fill_random_ptr_key(struct random_ready_callback *unused)
761 /* This may be in an interrupt handler. */
762 queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &enable_ptr_key_work);
765 static struct random_ready_callback random_ready = {
766 .func = fill_random_ptr_key
769 static int __init initialize_ptr_random(void)
771 int key_size = sizeof(ptr_key);
774 /* Use hw RNG if available. */
775 if (get_random_bytes_arch(&ptr_key, key_size) == key_size) {
776 static_branch_disable(¬_filled_random_ptr_key);
780 ret = add_random_ready_callback(&random_ready);
783 } else if (ret == -EALREADY) {
784 /* This is in preemptible context */
785 enable_ptr_key_workfn(&enable_ptr_key_work);
791 early_initcall(initialize_ptr_random);
793 /* Maps a pointer to a 32 bit unique identifier. */
794 static inline int __ptr_to_hashval(const void *ptr, unsigned long *hashval_out)
796 unsigned long hashval;
798 if (static_branch_unlikely(¬_filled_random_ptr_key))
802 hashval = (unsigned long)siphash_1u64((u64)ptr, &ptr_key);
804 * Mask off the first 32 bits, this makes explicit that we have
805 * modified the address (and 32 bits is plenty for a unique ID).
807 hashval = hashval & 0xffffffff;
809 hashval = (unsigned long)siphash_1u32((u32)ptr, &ptr_key);
811 *hashval_out = hashval;
815 int ptr_to_hashval(const void *ptr, unsigned long *hashval_out)
817 return __ptr_to_hashval(ptr, hashval_out);
820 static char *ptr_to_id(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
821 struct printf_spec spec)
823 const char *str = sizeof(ptr) == 8 ? "(____ptrval____)" : "(ptrval)";
824 unsigned long hashval;
828 * Print the real pointer value for NULL and error pointers,
829 * as they are not actual addresses.
831 if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(ptr))
832 return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
834 /* When debugging early boot use non-cryptographically secure hash. */
835 if (unlikely(debug_boot_weak_hash)) {
836 hashval = hash_long((unsigned long)ptr, 32);
837 return pointer_string(buf, end, (const void *)hashval, spec);
840 ret = __ptr_to_hashval(ptr, &hashval);
842 spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(ptr);
843 /* string length must be less than default_width */
844 return error_string(buf, end, str, spec);
847 return pointer_string(buf, end, (const void *)hashval, spec);
850 int kptr_restrict __read_mostly;
852 static noinline_for_stack
853 char *restricted_pointer(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
854 struct printf_spec spec)
856 switch (kptr_restrict) {
858 /* Handle as %p, hash and do _not_ leak addresses. */
859 return ptr_to_id(buf, end, ptr, spec);
861 const struct cred *cred;
864 * kptr_restrict==1 cannot be used in IRQ context
865 * because its test for CAP_SYSLOG would be meaningless.
867 if (in_irq() || in_serving_softirq() || in_nmi()) {
868 if (spec.field_width == -1)
869 spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(ptr);
870 return error_string(buf, end, "pK-error", spec);
874 * Only print the real pointer value if the current
875 * process has CAP_SYSLOG and is running with the
876 * same credentials it started with. This is because
877 * access to files is checked at open() time, but %pK
878 * checks permission at read() time. We don't want to
879 * leak pointer values if a binary opens a file using
880 * %pK and then elevates privileges before reading it.
882 cred = current_cred();
883 if (!has_capability_noaudit(current, CAP_SYSLOG) ||
884 !uid_eq(cred->euid, cred->uid) ||
885 !gid_eq(cred->egid, cred->gid))
891 /* Always print 0's for %pK */
896 return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
899 static noinline_for_stack
900 char *dentry_name(char *buf, char *end, const struct dentry *d, struct printf_spec spec,
903 const char *array[4], *s;
904 const struct dentry *p;
909 case '2': case '3': case '4':
910 depth = fmt[1] - '0';
917 for (i = 0; i < depth; i++, d = p) {
918 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, d, spec)) {
923 p = READ_ONCE(d->d_parent);
924 array[i] = READ_ONCE(d->d_name.name);
933 for (n = 0; n != spec.precision; n++, buf++) {
945 return widen_string(buf, n, end, spec);
948 static noinline_for_stack
949 char *file_dentry_name(char *buf, char *end, const struct file *f,
950 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
952 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, f, spec))
955 return dentry_name(buf, end, f->f_path.dentry, spec, fmt);
958 static noinline_for_stack
959 char *bdev_name(char *buf, char *end, struct block_device *bdev,
960 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
964 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, bdev, spec))
968 buf = string(buf, end, hd->disk_name, spec);
969 if (bdev->bd_partno) {
970 if (isdigit(hd->disk_name[strlen(hd->disk_name)-1])) {
975 buf = number(buf, end, bdev->bd_partno, spec);
981 static noinline_for_stack
982 char *symbol_string(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
983 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
986 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
987 char sym[KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN];
991 ptr = __builtin_extract_return_addr(ptr);
992 value = (unsigned long)ptr;
994 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
995 if (*fmt == 'B' && fmt[1] == 'b')
996 sprint_backtrace_build_id(sym, value);
997 else if (*fmt == 'B')
998 sprint_backtrace(sym, value);
999 else if (*fmt == 'S' && (fmt[1] == 'b' || (fmt[1] == 'R' && fmt[2] == 'b')))
1000 sprint_symbol_build_id(sym, value);
1001 else if (*fmt != 's')
1002 sprint_symbol(sym, value);
1004 sprint_symbol_no_offset(sym, value);
1006 return string_nocheck(buf, end, sym, spec);
1008 return special_hex_number(buf, end, value, sizeof(void *));
1012 static const struct printf_spec default_str_spec = {
1017 static const struct printf_spec default_flag_spec = {
1020 .flags = SPECIAL | SMALL,
1023 static const struct printf_spec default_dec_spec = {
1028 static const struct printf_spec default_dec02_spec = {
1035 static const struct printf_spec default_dec04_spec = {
1042 static noinline_for_stack
1043 char *resource_string(char *buf, char *end, struct resource *res,
1044 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1046 #ifndef IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE
1047 #define IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE 6
1050 #ifndef MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE
1051 #define MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE 10
1053 static const struct printf_spec io_spec = {
1055 .field_width = IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE,
1057 .flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD,
1059 static const struct printf_spec mem_spec = {
1061 .field_width = MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE,
1063 .flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD,
1065 static const struct printf_spec bus_spec = {
1069 .flags = SMALL | ZEROPAD,
1071 static const struct printf_spec str_spec = {
1077 /* 32-bit res (sizeof==4): 10 chars in dec, 10 in hex ("0x" + 8)
1078 * 64-bit res (sizeof==8): 20 chars in dec, 18 in hex ("0x" + 16) */
1079 #define RSRC_BUF_SIZE ((2 * sizeof(resource_size_t)) + 4)
1080 #define FLAG_BUF_SIZE (2 * sizeof(res->flags))
1081 #define DECODED_BUF_SIZE sizeof("[mem - 64bit pref window disabled]")
1082 #define RAW_BUF_SIZE sizeof("[mem - flags 0x]")
1083 char sym[max(2*RSRC_BUF_SIZE + DECODED_BUF_SIZE,
1084 2*RSRC_BUF_SIZE + FLAG_BUF_SIZE + RAW_BUF_SIZE)];
1086 char *p = sym, *pend = sym + sizeof(sym);
1087 int decode = (fmt[0] == 'R') ? 1 : 0;
1088 const struct printf_spec *specp;
1090 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, res, spec))
1094 if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_IO) {
1095 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "io ", str_spec);
1097 } else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM) {
1098 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "mem ", str_spec);
1100 } else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_IRQ) {
1101 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "irq ", str_spec);
1102 specp = &default_dec_spec;
1103 } else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_DMA) {
1104 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "dma ", str_spec);
1105 specp = &default_dec_spec;
1106 } else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_BUS) {
1107 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "bus ", str_spec);
1110 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "??? ", str_spec);
1114 if (decode && res->flags & IORESOURCE_UNSET) {
1115 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "size ", str_spec);
1116 p = number(p, pend, resource_size(res), *specp);
1118 p = number(p, pend, res->start, *specp);
1119 if (res->start != res->end) {
1121 p = number(p, pend, res->end, *specp);
1125 if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM_64)
1126 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " 64bit", str_spec);
1127 if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_PREFETCH)
1128 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " pref", str_spec);
1129 if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_WINDOW)
1130 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " window", str_spec);
1131 if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_DISABLED)
1132 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " disabled", str_spec);
1134 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " flags ", str_spec);
1135 p = number(p, pend, res->flags, default_flag_spec);
1140 return string_nocheck(buf, end, sym, spec);
1143 static noinline_for_stack
1144 char *hex_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr, struct printf_spec spec,
1147 int i, len = 1; /* if we pass '%ph[CDN]', field width remains
1148 negative value, fallback to the default */
1151 if (spec.field_width == 0)
1152 /* nothing to print */
1155 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1173 if (spec.field_width > 0)
1174 len = min_t(int, spec.field_width, 64);
1176 for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
1178 *buf = hex_asc_hi(addr[i]);
1181 *buf = hex_asc_lo(addr[i]);
1184 if (separator && i != len - 1) {
1194 static noinline_for_stack
1195 char *bitmap_string(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long *bitmap,
1196 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1198 const int CHUNKSZ = 32;
1199 int nr_bits = max_t(int, spec.field_width, 0);
1203 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, bitmap, spec))
1206 /* reused to print numbers */
1207 spec = (struct printf_spec){ .flags = SMALL | ZEROPAD, .base = 16 };
1209 chunksz = nr_bits & (CHUNKSZ - 1);
1213 i = ALIGN(nr_bits, CHUNKSZ) - CHUNKSZ;
1214 for (; i >= 0; i -= CHUNKSZ) {
1218 chunkmask = ((1ULL << chunksz) - 1);
1219 word = i / BITS_PER_LONG;
1220 bit = i % BITS_PER_LONG;
1221 val = (bitmap[word] >> bit) & chunkmask;
1230 spec.field_width = DIV_ROUND_UP(chunksz, 4);
1231 buf = number(buf, end, val, spec);
1238 static noinline_for_stack
1239 char *bitmap_list_string(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long *bitmap,
1240 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1242 int nr_bits = max_t(int, spec.field_width, 0);
1243 /* current bit is 'cur', most recently seen range is [rbot, rtop] */
1244 int cur, rbot, rtop;
1247 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, bitmap, spec))
1250 rbot = cur = find_first_bit(bitmap, nr_bits);
1251 while (cur < nr_bits) {
1253 cur = find_next_bit(bitmap, nr_bits, cur + 1);
1254 if (cur < nr_bits && cur <= rtop + 1)
1264 buf = number(buf, end, rbot, default_dec_spec);
1270 buf = number(buf, end, rtop, default_dec_spec);
1278 static noinline_for_stack
1279 char *mac_address_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr,
1280 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1282 char mac_addr[sizeof("xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx")];
1286 bool reversed = false;
1288 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1305 for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
1307 p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[5 - i]);
1309 p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[i]);
1311 if (fmt[0] == 'M' && i != 5)
1316 return string_nocheck(buf, end, mac_addr, spec);
1319 static noinline_for_stack
1320 char *ip4_string(char *p, const u8 *addr, const char *fmt)
1323 bool leading_zeros = (fmt[0] == 'i');
1348 for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
1349 char temp[4] __aligned(2); /* hold each IP quad in reverse order */
1350 int digits = put_dec_trunc8(temp, addr[index]) - temp;
1351 if (leading_zeros) {
1357 /* reverse the digits in the quad */
1359 *p++ = temp[digits];
1369 static noinline_for_stack
1370 char *ip6_compressed_string(char *p, const char *addr)
1373 unsigned char zerolength[8];
1378 bool needcolon = false;
1380 struct in6_addr in6;
1382 memcpy(&in6, addr, sizeof(struct in6_addr));
1384 useIPv4 = ipv6_addr_v4mapped(&in6) || ipv6_addr_is_isatap(&in6);
1386 memset(zerolength, 0, sizeof(zerolength));
1393 /* find position of longest 0 run */
1394 for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
1395 for (j = i; j < range; j++) {
1396 if (in6.s6_addr16[j] != 0)
1401 for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
1402 if (zerolength[i] > longest) {
1403 longest = zerolength[i];
1407 if (longest == 1) /* don't compress a single 0 */
1411 for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
1412 if (i == colonpos) {
1413 if (needcolon || i == 0)
1424 /* hex u16 without leading 0s */
1425 word = ntohs(in6.s6_addr16[i]);
1430 p = hex_byte_pack(p, hi);
1432 *p++ = hex_asc_lo(hi);
1433 p = hex_byte_pack(p, lo);
1436 p = hex_byte_pack(p, lo);
1438 *p++ = hex_asc_lo(lo);
1445 p = ip4_string(p, &in6.s6_addr[12], "I4");
1452 static noinline_for_stack
1453 char *ip6_string(char *p, const char *addr, const char *fmt)
1457 for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
1458 p = hex_byte_pack(p, *addr++);
1459 p = hex_byte_pack(p, *addr++);
1460 if (fmt[0] == 'I' && i != 7)
1468 static noinline_for_stack
1469 char *ip6_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
1470 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1472 char ip6_addr[sizeof("xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255")];
1474 if (fmt[0] == 'I' && fmt[2] == 'c')
1475 ip6_compressed_string(ip6_addr, addr);
1477 ip6_string(ip6_addr, addr, fmt);
1479 return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip6_addr, spec);
1482 static noinline_for_stack
1483 char *ip4_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
1484 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1486 char ip4_addr[sizeof("255.255.255.255")];
1488 ip4_string(ip4_addr, addr, fmt);
1490 return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip4_addr, spec);
1493 static noinline_for_stack
1494 char *ip6_addr_string_sa(char *buf, char *end, const struct sockaddr_in6 *sa,
1495 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1497 bool have_p = false, have_s = false, have_f = false, have_c = false;
1498 char ip6_addr[sizeof("[xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255]") +
1499 sizeof(":12345") + sizeof("/123456789") +
1500 sizeof("%1234567890")];
1501 char *p = ip6_addr, *pend = ip6_addr + sizeof(ip6_addr);
1502 const u8 *addr = (const u8 *) &sa->sin6_addr;
1503 char fmt6[2] = { fmt[0], '6' };
1507 while (isalpha(*++fmt)) {
1524 if (have_p || have_s || have_f) {
1529 if (fmt6[0] == 'I' && have_c)
1530 p = ip6_compressed_string(ip6_addr + off, addr);
1532 p = ip6_string(ip6_addr + off, addr, fmt6);
1534 if (have_p || have_s || have_f)
1539 p = number(p, pend, ntohs(sa->sin6_port), spec);
1543 p = number(p, pend, ntohl(sa->sin6_flowinfo &
1544 IPV6_FLOWINFO_MASK), spec);
1548 p = number(p, pend, sa->sin6_scope_id, spec);
1552 return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip6_addr, spec);
1555 static noinline_for_stack
1556 char *ip4_addr_string_sa(char *buf, char *end, const struct sockaddr_in *sa,
1557 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1559 bool have_p = false;
1560 char *p, ip4_addr[sizeof("255.255.255.255") + sizeof(":12345")];
1561 char *pend = ip4_addr + sizeof(ip4_addr);
1562 const u8 *addr = (const u8 *) &sa->sin_addr.s_addr;
1563 char fmt4[3] = { fmt[0], '4', 0 };
1566 while (isalpha(*++fmt)) {
1580 p = ip4_string(ip4_addr, addr, fmt4);
1583 p = number(p, pend, ntohs(sa->sin_port), spec);
1587 return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip4_addr, spec);
1590 static noinline_for_stack
1591 char *ip_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
1592 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1596 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, ptr, spec))
1601 return ip6_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
1603 return ip4_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
1606 struct sockaddr raw;
1607 struct sockaddr_in v4;
1608 struct sockaddr_in6 v6;
1611 switch (sa->raw.sa_family) {
1613 return ip4_addr_string_sa(buf, end, &sa->v4, spec, fmt);
1615 return ip6_addr_string_sa(buf, end, &sa->v6, spec, fmt);
1617 return error_string(buf, end, "(einval)", spec);
1621 err_fmt_msg = fmt[0] == 'i' ? "(%pi?)" : "(%pI?)";
1622 return error_string(buf, end, err_fmt_msg, spec);
1625 static noinline_for_stack
1626 char *escaped_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr, struct printf_spec spec,
1631 unsigned int flags = 0;
1634 if (spec.field_width == 0)
1635 return buf; /* nothing to print */
1637 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1641 switch (fmt[count++]) {
1643 flags |= ESCAPE_ANY;
1646 flags |= ESCAPE_SPECIAL;
1649 flags |= ESCAPE_HEX;
1652 flags |= ESCAPE_NULL;
1655 flags |= ESCAPE_OCTAL;
1661 flags |= ESCAPE_SPACE;
1670 flags = ESCAPE_ANY_NP;
1672 len = spec.field_width < 0 ? 1 : spec.field_width;
1675 * string_escape_mem() writes as many characters as it can to
1676 * the given buffer, and returns the total size of the output
1677 * had the buffer been big enough.
1679 buf += string_escape_mem(addr, len, buf, buf < end ? end - buf : 0, flags, NULL);
1684 static char *va_format(char *buf, char *end, struct va_format *va_fmt,
1685 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1689 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, va_fmt, spec))
1692 va_copy(va, *va_fmt->va);
1693 buf += vsnprintf(buf, end > buf ? end - buf : 0, va_fmt->fmt, va);
1699 static noinline_for_stack
1700 char *uuid_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
1701 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1703 char uuid[UUID_STRING_LEN + 1];
1706 const u8 *index = uuid_index;
1709 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1724 for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
1726 p = hex_byte_pack_upper(p, addr[index[i]]);
1728 p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[index[i]]);
1741 return string_nocheck(buf, end, uuid, spec);
1744 static noinline_for_stack
1745 char *netdev_bits(char *buf, char *end, const void *addr,
1746 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1748 unsigned long long num;
1751 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1756 num = *(const netdev_features_t *)addr;
1757 size = sizeof(netdev_features_t);
1760 return error_string(buf, end, "(%pN?)", spec);
1763 return special_hex_number(buf, end, num, size);
1766 static noinline_for_stack
1767 char *fourcc_string(char *buf, char *end, const u32 *fourcc,
1768 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1770 char output[sizeof("0123 little-endian (0x01234567)")];
1775 if (fmt[1] != 'c' || fmt[2] != 'c')
1776 return error_string(buf, end, "(%p4?)", spec);
1778 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, fourcc, spec))
1781 val = *fourcc & ~BIT(31);
1783 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(*fourcc); i++) {
1784 unsigned char c = val >> (i * 8);
1786 /* Print non-control ASCII characters as-is, dot otherwise */
1787 *p++ = isascii(c) && isprint(c) ? c : '.';
1790 strcpy(p, *fourcc & BIT(31) ? " big-endian" : " little-endian");
1795 p = special_hex_number(p, output + sizeof(output) - 2, *fourcc, sizeof(u32));
1799 return string(buf, end, output, spec);
1802 static noinline_for_stack
1803 char *address_val(char *buf, char *end, const void *addr,
1804 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1806 unsigned long long num;
1809 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1814 num = *(const dma_addr_t *)addr;
1815 size = sizeof(dma_addr_t);
1819 num = *(const phys_addr_t *)addr;
1820 size = sizeof(phys_addr_t);
1824 return special_hex_number(buf, end, num, size);
1827 static noinline_for_stack
1828 char *date_str(char *buf, char *end, const struct rtc_time *tm, bool r)
1830 int year = tm->tm_year + (r ? 0 : 1900);
1831 int mon = tm->tm_mon + (r ? 0 : 1);
1833 buf = number(buf, end, year, default_dec04_spec);
1838 buf = number(buf, end, mon, default_dec02_spec);
1843 return number(buf, end, tm->tm_mday, default_dec02_spec);
1846 static noinline_for_stack
1847 char *time_str(char *buf, char *end, const struct rtc_time *tm, bool r)
1849 buf = number(buf, end, tm->tm_hour, default_dec02_spec);
1854 buf = number(buf, end, tm->tm_min, default_dec02_spec);
1859 return number(buf, end, tm->tm_sec, default_dec02_spec);
1862 static noinline_for_stack
1863 char *rtc_str(char *buf, char *end, const struct rtc_time *tm,
1864 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1866 bool have_t = true, have_d = true;
1867 bool raw = false, iso8601_separator = true;
1871 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, tm, spec))
1874 switch (fmt[count]) {
1886 switch (fmt[count++]) {
1891 iso8601_separator = false;
1900 buf = date_str(buf, end, tm, raw);
1901 if (have_d && have_t) {
1903 *buf = iso8601_separator ? 'T' : ' ';
1907 buf = time_str(buf, end, tm, raw);
1912 static noinline_for_stack
1913 char *time64_str(char *buf, char *end, const time64_t time,
1914 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1916 struct rtc_time rtc_time;
1919 time64_to_tm(time, 0, &tm);
1921 rtc_time.tm_sec = tm.tm_sec;
1922 rtc_time.tm_min = tm.tm_min;
1923 rtc_time.tm_hour = tm.tm_hour;
1924 rtc_time.tm_mday = tm.tm_mday;
1925 rtc_time.tm_mon = tm.tm_mon;
1926 rtc_time.tm_year = tm.tm_year;
1927 rtc_time.tm_wday = tm.tm_wday;
1928 rtc_time.tm_yday = tm.tm_yday;
1930 rtc_time.tm_isdst = 0;
1932 return rtc_str(buf, end, &rtc_time, spec, fmt);
1935 static noinline_for_stack
1936 char *time_and_date(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr, struct printf_spec spec,
1941 return rtc_str(buf, end, (const struct rtc_time *)ptr, spec, fmt);
1943 return time64_str(buf, end, *(const time64_t *)ptr, spec, fmt);
1945 return error_string(buf, end, "(%pt?)", spec);
1949 static noinline_for_stack
1950 char *clock(char *buf, char *end, struct clk *clk, struct printf_spec spec,
1953 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_CLK))
1954 return error_string(buf, end, "(%pC?)", spec);
1956 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, clk, spec))
1962 #ifdef CONFIG_COMMON_CLK
1963 return string(buf, end, __clk_get_name(clk), spec);
1965 return ptr_to_id(buf, end, clk, spec);
1971 char *format_flags(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long flags,
1972 const struct trace_print_flags *names)
1976 for ( ; flags && names->name; names++) {
1978 if ((flags & mask) != mask)
1981 buf = string(buf, end, names->name, default_str_spec);
1992 buf = number(buf, end, flags, default_flag_spec);
1997 struct page_flags_fields {
2001 const struct printf_spec *spec;
2005 static const struct page_flags_fields pff[] = {
2006 {SECTIONS_WIDTH, SECTIONS_PGSHIFT, SECTIONS_MASK,
2007 &default_dec_spec, "section"},
2008 {NODES_WIDTH, NODES_PGSHIFT, NODES_MASK,
2009 &default_dec_spec, "node"},
2010 {ZONES_WIDTH, ZONES_PGSHIFT, ZONES_MASK,
2011 &default_dec_spec, "zone"},
2012 {LAST_CPUPID_WIDTH, LAST_CPUPID_PGSHIFT, LAST_CPUPID_MASK,
2013 &default_flag_spec, "lastcpupid"},
2014 {KASAN_TAG_WIDTH, KASAN_TAG_PGSHIFT, KASAN_TAG_MASK,
2015 &default_flag_spec, "kasantag"},
2019 char *format_page_flags(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long flags)
2021 unsigned long main_flags = flags & PAGEFLAGS_MASK;
2022 bool append = false;
2025 /* Page flags from the main area. */
2027 buf = format_flags(buf, end, main_flags, pageflag_names);
2031 /* Page flags from the fields area */
2032 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pff); i++) {
2033 /* Skip undefined fields. */
2037 /* Format: Flag Name + '=' (equals sign) + Number + '|' (separator) */
2044 buf = string(buf, end, pff[i].name, default_str_spec);
2048 buf = number(buf, end, (flags >> pff[i].shift) & pff[i].mask,
2057 static noinline_for_stack
2058 char *flags_string(char *buf, char *end, void *flags_ptr,
2059 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
2061 unsigned long flags;
2062 const struct trace_print_flags *names;
2064 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, flags_ptr, spec))
2069 return format_page_flags(buf, end, *(unsigned long *)flags_ptr);
2071 flags = *(unsigned long *)flags_ptr;
2072 names = vmaflag_names;
2075 flags = (__force unsigned long)(*(gfp_t *)flags_ptr);
2076 names = gfpflag_names;
2079 return error_string(buf, end, "(%pG?)", spec);
2082 return format_flags(buf, end, flags, names);
2085 static noinline_for_stack
2086 char *fwnode_full_name_string(struct fwnode_handle *fwnode, char *buf,
2091 /* Loop starting from the root node to the current node. */
2092 for (depth = fwnode_count_parents(fwnode); depth >= 0; depth--) {
2093 struct fwnode_handle *__fwnode =
2094 fwnode_get_nth_parent(fwnode, depth);
2096 buf = string(buf, end, fwnode_get_name_prefix(__fwnode),
2098 buf = string(buf, end, fwnode_get_name(__fwnode),
2101 fwnode_handle_put(__fwnode);
2107 static noinline_for_stack
2108 char *device_node_string(char *buf, char *end, struct device_node *dn,
2109 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
2111 char tbuf[sizeof("xxxx") + 1];
2114 char *buf_start = buf;
2115 struct property *prop;
2116 bool has_mult, pass;
2118 struct printf_spec str_spec = spec;
2119 str_spec.field_width = -1;
2122 return error_string(buf, end, "(%pO?)", spec);
2124 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OF))
2125 return error_string(buf, end, "(%pOF?)", spec);
2127 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, dn, spec))
2130 /* simple case without anything any more format specifiers */
2132 if (fmt[0] == '\0' || strcspn(fmt,"fnpPFcC") > 0)
2135 for (pass = false; strspn(fmt,"fnpPFcC"); fmt++, pass = true) {
2144 case 'f': /* full_name */
2145 buf = fwnode_full_name_string(of_fwnode_handle(dn), buf,
2148 case 'n': /* name */
2149 p = fwnode_get_name(of_fwnode_handle(dn));
2150 precision = str_spec.precision;
2151 str_spec.precision = strchrnul(p, '@') - p;
2152 buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
2153 str_spec.precision = precision;
2155 case 'p': /* phandle */
2156 buf = number(buf, end, (unsigned int)dn->phandle, default_dec_spec);
2158 case 'P': /* path-spec */
2159 p = fwnode_get_name(of_fwnode_handle(dn));
2162 buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
2164 case 'F': /* flags */
2165 tbuf[0] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_DYNAMIC) ? 'D' : '-';
2166 tbuf[1] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_DETACHED) ? 'd' : '-';
2167 tbuf[2] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_POPULATED) ? 'P' : '-';
2168 tbuf[3] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_POPULATED_BUS) ? 'B' : '-';
2170 buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, tbuf, str_spec);
2172 case 'c': /* major compatible string */
2173 ret = of_property_read_string(dn, "compatible", &p);
2175 buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
2177 case 'C': /* full compatible string */
2179 of_property_for_each_string(dn, "compatible", prop, p) {
2181 buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, ",", str_spec);
2182 buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, "\"", str_spec);
2183 buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
2184 buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, "\"", str_spec);
2194 return widen_string(buf, buf - buf_start, end, spec);
2197 static noinline_for_stack
2198 char *fwnode_string(char *buf, char *end, struct fwnode_handle *fwnode,
2199 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
2201 struct printf_spec str_spec = spec;
2202 char *buf_start = buf;
2204 str_spec.field_width = -1;
2207 return error_string(buf, end, "(%pf?)", spec);
2209 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, fwnode, spec))
2215 case 'P': /* name */
2216 buf = string(buf, end, fwnode_get_name(fwnode), str_spec);
2218 case 'f': /* full_name */
2220 buf = fwnode_full_name_string(fwnode, buf, end);
2224 return widen_string(buf, buf - buf_start, end, spec);
2227 /* Disable pointer hashing if requested */
2228 bool no_hash_pointers __ro_after_init;
2229 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(no_hash_pointers);
2231 int __init no_hash_pointers_enable(char *str)
2233 if (no_hash_pointers)
2236 no_hash_pointers = true;
2238 pr_warn("**********************************************************\n");
2239 pr_warn("** NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE **\n");
2241 pr_warn("** This system shows unhashed kernel memory addresses **\n");
2242 pr_warn("** via the console, logs, and other interfaces. This **\n");
2243 pr_warn("** might reduce the security of your system. **\n");
2245 pr_warn("** If you see this message and you are not debugging **\n");
2246 pr_warn("** the kernel, report this immediately to your system **\n");
2247 pr_warn("** administrator! **\n");
2249 pr_warn("** NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE **\n");
2250 pr_warn("**********************************************************\n");
2254 early_param("no_hash_pointers", no_hash_pointers_enable);
2257 * Show a '%p' thing. A kernel extension is that the '%p' is followed
2258 * by an extra set of alphanumeric characters that are extended format
2261 * Please update scripts/checkpatch.pl when adding/removing conversion
2262 * characters. (Search for "check for vsprintf extension").
2264 * Right now we handle:
2266 * - 'S' For symbolic direct pointers (or function descriptors) with offset
2267 * - 's' For symbolic direct pointers (or function descriptors) without offset
2268 * - '[Ss]R' as above with __builtin_extract_return_addr() translation
2269 * - 'S[R]b' as above with module build ID (for use in backtraces)
2270 * - '[Ff]' %pf and %pF were obsoleted and later removed in favor of
2271 * %ps and %pS. Be careful when re-using these specifiers.
2272 * - 'B' For backtraced symbolic direct pointers with offset
2273 * - 'Bb' as above with module build ID (for use in backtraces)
2274 * - 'R' For decoded struct resource, e.g., [mem 0x0-0x1f 64bit pref]
2275 * - 'r' For raw struct resource, e.g., [mem 0x0-0x1f flags 0x201]
2276 * - 'b[l]' For a bitmap, the number of bits is determined by the field
2277 * width which must be explicitly specified either as part of the
2278 * format string '%32b[l]' or through '%*b[l]', [l] selects
2279 * range-list format instead of hex format
2280 * - 'M' For a 6-byte MAC address, it prints the address in the
2281 * usual colon-separated hex notation
2282 * - 'm' For a 6-byte MAC address, it prints the hex address without colons
2283 * - 'MF' For a 6-byte MAC FDDI address, it prints the address
2284 * with a dash-separated hex notation
2285 * - '[mM]R' For a 6-byte MAC address, Reverse order (Bluetooth)
2286 * - 'I' [46] for IPv4/IPv6 addresses printed in the usual way
2287 * IPv4 uses dot-separated decimal without leading 0's (1.2.3.4)
2288 * IPv6 uses colon separated network-order 16 bit hex with leading 0's
2290 * Generic IPv4/IPv6 address (struct sockaddr *) that falls back to
2291 * [4] or [6] and is able to print port [p], flowinfo [f], scope [s]
2292 * - 'i' [46] for 'raw' IPv4/IPv6 addresses
2293 * IPv6 omits the colons (01020304...0f)
2294 * IPv4 uses dot-separated decimal with leading 0's (010.123.045.006)
2296 * Generic IPv4/IPv6 address (struct sockaddr *) that falls back to
2297 * [4] or [6] and is able to print port [p], flowinfo [f], scope [s]
2298 * - '[Ii][4S][hnbl]' IPv4 addresses in host, network, big or little endian order
2299 * - 'I[6S]c' for IPv6 addresses printed as specified by
2300 * https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5952
2301 * - 'E[achnops]' For an escaped buffer, where rules are defined by combination
2302 * of the following flags (see string_escape_mem() for the
2305 * c - ESCAPE_SPECIAL
2311 * By default ESCAPE_ANY_NP is used.
2312 * - 'U' For a 16 byte UUID/GUID, it prints the UUID/GUID in the form
2313 * "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"
2314 * Options for %pU are:
2315 * b big endian lower case hex (default)
2316 * B big endian UPPER case hex
2317 * l little endian lower case hex
2318 * L little endian UPPER case hex
2319 * big endian output byte order is:
2320 * [0][1][2][3]-[4][5]-[6][7]-[8][9]-[10][11][12][13][14][15]
2321 * little endian output byte order is:
2322 * [3][2][1][0]-[5][4]-[7][6]-[8][9]-[10][11][12][13][14][15]
2323 * - 'V' For a struct va_format which contains a format string * and va_list *,
2324 * call vsnprintf(->format, *->va_list).
2325 * Implements a "recursive vsnprintf".
2326 * Do not use this feature without some mechanism to verify the
2327 * correctness of the format string and va_list arguments.
2328 * - 'K' For a kernel pointer that should be hidden from unprivileged users.
2329 * Use only for procfs, sysfs and similar files, not printk(); please
2330 * read the documentation (path below) first.
2331 * - 'NF' For a netdev_features_t
2332 * - '4cc' V4L2 or DRM FourCC code, with endianness and raw numerical value.
2333 * - 'h[CDN]' For a variable-length buffer, it prints it as a hex string with
2334 * a certain separator (' ' by default):
2338 * The maximum supported length is 64 bytes of the input. Consider
2339 * to use print_hex_dump() for the larger input.
2340 * - 'a[pd]' For address types [p] phys_addr_t, [d] dma_addr_t and derivatives
2341 * (default assumed to be phys_addr_t, passed by reference)
2342 * - 'd[234]' For a dentry name (optionally 2-4 last components)
2343 * - 'D[234]' Same as 'd' but for a struct file
2344 * - 'g' For block_device name (gendisk + partition number)
2345 * - 't[RT][dt][r][s]' For time and date as represented by:
2348 * - 'C' For a clock, it prints the name (Common Clock Framework) or address
2349 * (legacy clock framework) of the clock
2350 * - 'Cn' For a clock, it prints the name (Common Clock Framework) or address
2351 * (legacy clock framework) of the clock
2352 * - 'G' For flags to be printed as a collection of symbolic strings that would
2353 * construct the specific value. Supported flags given by option:
2354 * p page flags (see struct page) given as pointer to unsigned long
2355 * g gfp flags (GFP_* and __GFP_*) given as pointer to gfp_t
2356 * v vma flags (VM_*) given as pointer to unsigned long
2357 * - 'OF[fnpPcCF]' For a device tree object
2358 * Without any optional arguments prints the full_name
2359 * f device node full_name
2360 * n device node name
2361 * p device node phandle
2362 * P device node path spec (name + @unit)
2363 * F device node flags
2364 * c major compatible string
2365 * C full compatible string
2366 * - 'fw[fP]' For a firmware node (struct fwnode_handle) pointer
2367 * Without an option prints the full name of the node
2369 * P node name, including a possible unit address
2370 * - 'x' For printing the address unmodified. Equivalent to "%lx".
2371 * Please read the documentation (path below) before using!
2372 * - '[ku]s' For a BPF/tracing related format specifier, e.g. used out of
2373 * bpf_trace_printk() where [ku] prefix specifies either kernel (k)
2374 * or user (u) memory to probe, and:
2375 * s a string, equivalent to "%s" on direct vsnprintf() use
2377 * ** When making changes please also update:
2378 * Documentation/core-api/printk-formats.rst
2380 * Note: The default behaviour (unadorned %p) is to hash the address,
2381 * rendering it useful as a unique identifier.
2383 static noinline_for_stack
2384 char *pointer(const char *fmt, char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
2385 struct printf_spec spec)
2390 ptr = dereference_symbol_descriptor(ptr);
2393 return symbol_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2396 return resource_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2398 return hex_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2402 return bitmap_list_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2404 return bitmap_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2406 case 'M': /* Colon separated: 00:01:02:03:04:05 */
2407 case 'm': /* Contiguous: 000102030405 */
2409 /* [mM]R (Reverse order; Bluetooth) */
2410 return mac_address_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2411 case 'I': /* Formatted IP supported
2413 * 6: 0001:0203:...:0708
2414 * 6c: 1::708 or 1::1.2.3.4
2416 case 'i': /* Contiguous:
2417 * 4: 001.002.003.004
2420 return ip_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2422 return escaped_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2424 return uuid_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2426 return va_format(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2428 return restricted_pointer(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2430 return netdev_bits(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2432 return fourcc_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2434 return address_val(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2436 return dentry_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2438 return time_and_date(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2440 return clock(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2442 return file_dentry_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2445 return bdev_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2449 return flags_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2451 return device_node_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt + 1);
2453 return fwnode_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt + 1);
2455 return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2457 /* %pe with a non-ERR_PTR gets treated as plain %p */
2460 return err_ptr(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2465 return string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2467 return error_string(buf, end, "(einval)", spec);
2472 * default is to _not_ leak addresses, so hash before printing,
2473 * unless no_hash_pointers is specified on the command line.
2475 if (unlikely(no_hash_pointers))
2476 return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2478 return ptr_to_id(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2482 * Helper function to decode printf style format.
2483 * Each call decode a token from the format and return the
2484 * number of characters read (or likely the delta where it wants
2485 * to go on the next call).
2486 * The decoded token is returned through the parameters
2488 * 'h', 'l', or 'L' for integer fields
2489 * 'z' support added 23/7/1999 S.H.
2490 * 'z' changed to 'Z' --davidm 1/25/99
2491 * 'Z' changed to 'z' --adobriyan 2017-01-25
2492 * 't' added for ptrdiff_t
2494 * @fmt: the format string
2495 * @type of the token returned
2496 * @flags: various flags such as +, -, # tokens..
2497 * @field_width: overwritten width
2498 * @base: base of the number (octal, hex, ...)
2499 * @precision: precision of a number
2500 * @qualifier: qualifier of a number (long, size_t, ...)
2502 static noinline_for_stack
2503 int format_decode(const char *fmt, struct printf_spec *spec)
2505 const char *start = fmt;
2508 /* we finished early by reading the field width */
2509 if (spec->type == FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH) {
2510 if (spec->field_width < 0) {
2511 spec->field_width = -spec->field_width;
2512 spec->flags |= LEFT;
2514 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
2518 /* we finished early by reading the precision */
2519 if (spec->type == FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION) {
2520 if (spec->precision < 0)
2521 spec->precision = 0;
2523 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
2528 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
2530 for (; *fmt ; ++fmt) {
2535 /* Return the current non-format string */
2536 if (fmt != start || !*fmt)
2542 while (1) { /* this also skips first '%' */
2548 case '-': spec->flags |= LEFT; break;
2549 case '+': spec->flags |= PLUS; break;
2550 case ' ': spec->flags |= SPACE; break;
2551 case '#': spec->flags |= SPECIAL; break;
2552 case '0': spec->flags |= ZEROPAD; break;
2553 default: found = false;
2560 /* get field width */
2561 spec->field_width = -1;
2564 spec->field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);
2565 else if (*fmt == '*') {
2566 /* it's the next argument */
2567 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH;
2568 return ++fmt - start;
2572 /* get the precision */
2573 spec->precision = -1;
2576 if (isdigit(*fmt)) {
2577 spec->precision = skip_atoi(&fmt);
2578 if (spec->precision < 0)
2579 spec->precision = 0;
2580 } else if (*fmt == '*') {
2581 /* it's the next argument */
2582 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION;
2583 return ++fmt - start;
2588 /* get the conversion qualifier */
2590 if (*fmt == 'h' || _tolower(*fmt) == 'l' ||
2591 *fmt == 'z' || *fmt == 't') {
2593 if (unlikely(qualifier == *fmt)) {
2594 if (qualifier == 'l') {
2597 } else if (qualifier == 'h') {
2608 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR;
2609 return ++fmt - start;
2612 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_STR;
2613 return ++fmt - start;
2616 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTR;
2617 return ++fmt - start;
2620 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR;
2621 return ++fmt - start;
2623 /* integer number formats - set up the flags and "break" */
2629 spec->flags |= SMALL;
2638 spec->flags |= SIGN;
2645 * Since %n poses a greater security risk than
2646 * utility, treat it as any other invalid or
2647 * unsupported format specifier.
2652 WARN_ONCE(1, "Please remove unsupported %%%c in format string\n", *fmt);
2653 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID;
2657 if (qualifier == 'L')
2658 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG;
2659 else if (qualifier == 'l') {
2660 BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_LONG);
2661 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2662 } else if (qualifier == 'z') {
2663 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T;
2664 } else if (qualifier == 't') {
2665 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF;
2666 } else if (qualifier == 'H') {
2667 BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE);
2668 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2669 } else if (qualifier == 'h') {
2670 BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT);
2671 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2673 BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_UINT + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_INT);
2674 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_UINT + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2677 return ++fmt - start;
2681 set_field_width(struct printf_spec *spec, int width)
2683 spec->field_width = width;
2684 if (WARN_ONCE(spec->field_width != width, "field width %d too large", width)) {
2685 spec->field_width = clamp(width, -FIELD_WIDTH_MAX, FIELD_WIDTH_MAX);
2690 set_precision(struct printf_spec *spec, int prec)
2692 spec->precision = prec;
2693 if (WARN_ONCE(spec->precision != prec, "precision %d too large", prec)) {
2694 spec->precision = clamp(prec, 0, PRECISION_MAX);
2699 * vsnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2700 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2701 * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2702 * @fmt: The format string to use
2703 * @args: Arguments for the format string
2705 * This function generally follows C99 vsnprintf, but has some
2706 * extensions and a few limitations:
2708 * - ``%n`` is unsupported
2709 * - ``%p*`` is handled by pointer()
2711 * See pointer() or Documentation/core-api/printk-formats.rst for more
2712 * extensive description.
2714 * **Please update the documentation in both places when making changes**
2716 * The return value is the number of characters which would
2717 * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing
2718 * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact
2719 * number of characters written into @buf as return value
2720 * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the
2721 * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting
2722 * string is truncated.
2724 * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using snprintf().
2726 int vsnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2728 unsigned long long num;
2730 struct printf_spec spec = {0};
2732 /* Reject out-of-range values early. Large positive sizes are
2733 used for unknown buffer sizes. */
2734 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(size > INT_MAX))
2740 /* Make sure end is always >= buf */
2747 const char *old_fmt = fmt;
2748 int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
2752 switch (spec.type) {
2753 case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE: {
2756 if (copy > end - str)
2758 memcpy(str, old_fmt, copy);
2764 case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
2765 set_field_width(&spec, va_arg(args, int));
2768 case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
2769 set_precision(&spec, va_arg(args, int));
2772 case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR: {
2775 if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
2776 while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
2783 c = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int);
2787 while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
2795 case FORMAT_TYPE_STR:
2796 str = string(str, end, va_arg(args, char *), spec);
2799 case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
2800 str = pointer(fmt, str, end, va_arg(args, void *),
2802 while (isalnum(*fmt))
2806 case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
2812 case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
2814 * Presumably the arguments passed gcc's type
2815 * checking, but there is no safe or sane way
2816 * for us to continue parsing the format and
2817 * fetching from the va_list; the remaining
2818 * specifiers and arguments would be out of
2824 switch (spec.type) {
2825 case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
2826 num = va_arg(args, long long);
2828 case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
2829 num = va_arg(args, unsigned long);
2831 case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
2832 num = va_arg(args, long);
2834 case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
2835 if (spec.flags & SIGN)
2836 num = va_arg(args, ssize_t);
2838 num = va_arg(args, size_t);
2840 case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
2841 num = va_arg(args, ptrdiff_t);
2843 case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
2844 num = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int);
2846 case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
2847 num = (signed char) va_arg(args, int);
2849 case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
2850 num = (unsigned short) va_arg(args, int);
2852 case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
2853 num = (short) va_arg(args, int);
2855 case FORMAT_TYPE_INT:
2856 num = (int) va_arg(args, int);
2859 num = va_arg(args, unsigned int);
2862 str = number(str, end, num, spec);
2874 /* the trailing null byte doesn't count towards the total */
2878 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsnprintf);
2881 * vscnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2882 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2883 * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2884 * @fmt: The format string to use
2885 * @args: Arguments for the format string
2887 * The return value is the number of characters which have been written into
2888 * the @buf not including the trailing '\0'. If @size is == 0 the function
2891 * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using scnprintf().
2893 * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2895 int vscnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2899 i = vsnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
2901 if (likely(i < size))
2907 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vscnprintf);
2910 * snprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2911 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2912 * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2913 * @fmt: The format string to use
2914 * @...: Arguments for the format string
2916 * The return value is the number of characters which would be
2917 * generated for the given input, excluding the trailing null,
2918 * as per ISO C99. If the return is greater than or equal to
2919 * @size, the resulting string is truncated.
2921 * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2923 int snprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
2928 va_start(args, fmt);
2929 i = vsnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
2934 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snprintf);
2937 * scnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2938 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2939 * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2940 * @fmt: The format string to use
2941 * @...: Arguments for the format string
2943 * The return value is the number of characters written into @buf not including
2944 * the trailing '\0'. If @size is == 0 the function returns 0.
2947 int scnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
2952 va_start(args, fmt);
2953 i = vscnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
2958 EXPORT_SYMBOL(scnprintf);
2961 * vsprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2962 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2963 * @fmt: The format string to use
2964 * @args: Arguments for the format string
2966 * The function returns the number of characters written
2967 * into @buf. Use vsnprintf() or vscnprintf() in order to avoid
2970 * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using sprintf().
2972 * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2974 int vsprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2976 return vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
2978 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsprintf);
2981 * sprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2982 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2983 * @fmt: The format string to use
2984 * @...: Arguments for the format string
2986 * The function returns the number of characters written
2987 * into @buf. Use snprintf() or scnprintf() in order to avoid
2990 * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2992 int sprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
2997 va_start(args, fmt);
2998 i = vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
3003 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sprintf);
3005 #ifdef CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF
3008 * vbin_printf() - VA arguments to binary data
3009 * bstr_printf() - Binary data to text string
3013 * vbin_printf - Parse a format string and place args' binary value in a buffer
3014 * @bin_buf: The buffer to place args' binary value
3015 * @size: The size of the buffer(by words(32bits), not characters)
3016 * @fmt: The format string to use
3017 * @args: Arguments for the format string
3019 * The format follows C99 vsnprintf, except %n is ignored, and its argument
3022 * The return value is the number of words(32bits) which would be generated for
3026 * If the return value is greater than @size, the resulting bin_buf is NOT
3027 * valid for bstr_printf().
3029 int vbin_printf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
3031 struct printf_spec spec = {0};
3035 str = (char *)bin_buf;
3036 end = (char *)(bin_buf + size);
3038 #define save_arg(type) \
3040 unsigned long long value; \
3041 if (sizeof(type) == 8) { \
3042 unsigned long long val8; \
3043 str = PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(u32)); \
3044 val8 = va_arg(args, unsigned long long); \
3045 if (str + sizeof(type) <= end) { \
3046 *(u32 *)str = *(u32 *)&val8; \
3047 *(u32 *)(str + 4) = *((u32 *)&val8 + 1); \
3051 unsigned int val4; \
3052 str = PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(type)); \
3053 val4 = va_arg(args, int); \
3054 if (str + sizeof(type) <= end) \
3055 *(typeof(type) *)str = (type)(long)val4; \
3056 value = (unsigned long long)val4; \
3058 str += sizeof(type); \
3063 int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
3067 switch (spec.type) {
3068 case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE:
3069 case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
3071 case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
3074 case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
3075 case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
3076 width = (int)save_arg(int);
3077 /* Pointers may require the width */
3079 set_field_width(&spec, width);
3082 case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR:
3086 case FORMAT_TYPE_STR: {
3087 const char *save_str = va_arg(args, char *);
3088 const char *err_msg;
3091 err_msg = check_pointer_msg(save_str);
3095 len = strlen(save_str) + 1;
3096 if (str + len < end)
3097 memcpy(str, save_str, len);
3102 case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
3103 /* Dereferenced pointers must be done now */
3105 /* Dereference of functions is still OK */
3114 if (!isalnum(*fmt)) {
3118 str = pointer(fmt, str, end, va_arg(args, void *),
3123 end[-1] = '\0'; /* Must be nul terminated */
3125 /* skip all alphanumeric pointer suffixes */
3126 while (isalnum(*fmt))
3131 switch (spec.type) {
3133 case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
3134 save_arg(long long);
3136 case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
3137 case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
3138 save_arg(unsigned long);
3140 case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
3143 case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
3144 save_arg(ptrdiff_t);
3146 case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
3147 case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
3150 case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
3151 case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
3161 return (u32 *)(PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(u32))) - bin_buf;
3164 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vbin_printf);
3167 * bstr_printf - Format a string from binary arguments and place it in a buffer
3168 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
3169 * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
3170 * @fmt: The format string to use
3171 * @bin_buf: Binary arguments for the format string
3173 * This function like C99 vsnprintf, but the difference is that vsnprintf gets
3174 * arguments from stack, and bstr_printf gets arguments from @bin_buf which is
3175 * a binary buffer that generated by vbin_printf.
3177 * The format follows C99 vsnprintf, but has some extensions:
3178 * see vsnprintf comment for details.
3180 * The return value is the number of characters which would
3181 * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing
3182 * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact
3183 * number of characters written into @buf as return value
3184 * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the
3185 * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting
3186 * string is truncated.
3188 int bstr_printf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, const u32 *bin_buf)
3190 struct printf_spec spec = {0};
3192 const char *args = (const char *)bin_buf;
3194 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(size > INT_MAX))
3200 #define get_arg(type) \
3202 typeof(type) value; \
3203 if (sizeof(type) == 8) { \
3204 args = PTR_ALIGN(args, sizeof(u32)); \
3205 *(u32 *)&value = *(u32 *)args; \
3206 *((u32 *)&value + 1) = *(u32 *)(args + 4); \
3208 args = PTR_ALIGN(args, sizeof(type)); \
3209 value = *(typeof(type) *)args; \
3211 args += sizeof(type); \
3215 /* Make sure end is always >= buf */
3222 const char *old_fmt = fmt;
3223 int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
3227 switch (spec.type) {
3228 case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE: {
3231 if (copy > end - str)
3233 memcpy(str, old_fmt, copy);
3239 case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
3240 set_field_width(&spec, get_arg(int));
3243 case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
3244 set_precision(&spec, get_arg(int));
3247 case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR: {
3250 if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
3251 while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
3257 c = (unsigned char) get_arg(char);
3261 while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
3269 case FORMAT_TYPE_STR: {
3270 const char *str_arg = args;
3271 args += strlen(str_arg) + 1;
3272 str = string(str, end, (char *)str_arg, spec);
3276 case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR: {
3277 bool process = false;
3279 /* Non function dereferences were already done */
3289 if (!isalnum(*fmt)) {
3293 /* Pointer dereference was already processed */
3295 len = copy = strlen(args);
3296 if (copy > end - str)
3298 memcpy(str, args, copy);
3304 str = pointer(fmt, str, end, get_arg(void *), spec);
3306 while (isalnum(*fmt))
3311 case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
3317 case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
3321 unsigned long long num;
3323 switch (spec.type) {
3325 case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
3326 num = get_arg(long long);
3328 case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
3329 case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
3330 num = get_arg(unsigned long);
3332 case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
3333 num = get_arg(size_t);
3335 case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
3336 num = get_arg(ptrdiff_t);
3338 case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
3339 num = get_arg(unsigned char);
3341 case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
3342 num = get_arg(signed char);
3344 case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
3345 num = get_arg(unsigned short);
3347 case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
3348 num = get_arg(short);
3350 case FORMAT_TYPE_UINT:
3351 num = get_arg(unsigned int);
3357 str = number(str, end, num, spec);
3359 } /* switch(spec.type) */
3372 /* the trailing null byte doesn't count towards the total */
3375 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bstr_printf);
3378 * bprintf - Parse a format string and place args' binary value in a buffer
3379 * @bin_buf: The buffer to place args' binary value
3380 * @size: The size of the buffer(by words(32bits), not characters)
3381 * @fmt: The format string to use
3382 * @...: Arguments for the format string
3384 * The function returns the number of words(u32) written
3387 int bprintf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
3392 va_start(args, fmt);
3393 ret = vbin_printf(bin_buf, size, fmt, args);
3398 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bprintf);
3400 #endif /* CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF */
3403 * vsscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
3404 * @buf: input buffer
3405 * @fmt: format of buffer
3408 int vsscanf(const char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
3410 const char *str = buf;
3418 unsigned long long u;
3424 /* skip any white space in format */
3425 /* white space in format matches any amount of
3426 * white space, including none, in the input.
3428 if (isspace(*fmt)) {
3429 fmt = skip_spaces(++fmt);
3430 str = skip_spaces(str);
3433 /* anything that is not a conversion must match exactly */
3434 if (*fmt != '%' && *fmt) {
3435 if (*fmt++ != *str++)
3444 /* skip this conversion.
3445 * advance both strings to next white space
3450 while (!isspace(*fmt) && *fmt != '%' && *fmt) {
3451 /* '%*[' not yet supported, invalid format */
3456 while (!isspace(*str) && *str)
3461 /* get field width */
3463 if (isdigit(*fmt)) {
3464 field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);
3465 if (field_width <= 0)
3469 /* get conversion qualifier */
3471 if (*fmt == 'h' || _tolower(*fmt) == 'l' ||
3474 if (unlikely(qualifier == *fmt)) {
3475 if (qualifier == 'h') {
3478 } else if (qualifier == 'l') {
3489 /* return number of characters read so far */
3490 *va_arg(args, int *) = str - buf;
3504 char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char*);
3505 if (field_width == -1)
3509 } while (--field_width > 0 && *str);
3515 char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char *);
3516 if (field_width == -1)
3517 field_width = SHRT_MAX;
3518 /* first, skip leading white space in buffer */
3519 str = skip_spaces(str);
3521 /* now copy until next white space */
3522 while (*str && !isspace(*str) && field_width--)
3529 * Warning: This implementation of the '[' conversion specifier
3530 * deviates from its glibc counterpart in the following ways:
3531 * (1) It does NOT support ranges i.e. '-' is NOT a special
3533 * (2) It cannot match the closing bracket ']' itself
3534 * (3) A field width is required
3535 * (4) '%*[' (discard matching input) is currently not supported
3538 * ret = sscanf("00:0a:95","%2[^:]:%2[^:]:%2[^:]",
3539 * buf1, buf2, buf3);
3545 char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char *);
3546 DECLARE_BITMAP(set, 256) = {0};
3547 unsigned int len = 0;
3548 bool negate = (*fmt == '^');
3550 /* field width is required */
3551 if (field_width == -1)
3557 for ( ; *fmt && *fmt != ']'; ++fmt, ++len)
3558 set_bit((u8)*fmt, set);
3560 /* no ']' or no character set found */
3566 bitmap_complement(set, set, 256);
3567 /* exclude null '\0' byte */
3571 /* match must be non-empty */
3572 if (!test_bit((u8)*str, set))
3575 while (test_bit((u8)*str, set) && field_width--)
3597 /* looking for '%' in str */
3602 /* invalid format; stop here */
3606 /* have some sort of integer conversion.
3607 * first, skip white space in buffer.
3609 str = skip_spaces(str);
3612 if (is_sign && digit == '-') {
3613 if (field_width == 1)
3620 || (base == 16 && !isxdigit(digit))
3621 || (base == 10 && !isdigit(digit))
3622 || (base == 8 && (!isdigit(digit) || digit > '7'))
3623 || (base == 0 && !isdigit(digit)))
3627 val.s = simple_strntoll(str,
3628 field_width >= 0 ? field_width : INT_MAX,
3631 val.u = simple_strntoull(str,
3632 field_width >= 0 ? field_width : INT_MAX,
3635 switch (qualifier) {
3636 case 'H': /* that's 'hh' in format */
3638 *va_arg(args, signed char *) = val.s;
3640 *va_arg(args, unsigned char *) = val.u;
3644 *va_arg(args, short *) = val.s;
3646 *va_arg(args, unsigned short *) = val.u;
3650 *va_arg(args, long *) = val.s;
3652 *va_arg(args, unsigned long *) = val.u;
3656 *va_arg(args, long long *) = val.s;
3658 *va_arg(args, unsigned long long *) = val.u;
3661 *va_arg(args, size_t *) = val.u;
3665 *va_arg(args, int *) = val.s;
3667 *va_arg(args, unsigned int *) = val.u;
3679 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsscanf);
3682 * sscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
3683 * @buf: input buffer
3684 * @fmt: formatting of buffer
3685 * @...: resulting arguments
3687 int sscanf(const char *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
3692 va_start(args, fmt);
3693 i = vsscanf(buf, fmt, args);
3698 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sscanf);