1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
5 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
8 /* vsprintf.c -- Lars Wirzenius & Linus Torvalds. */
10 * Wirzenius wrote this portably, Torvalds fucked it up :-)
14 * Fri Jul 13 2001 Crutcher Dunnavant <crutcher+kernel@datastacks.com>
15 * - changed to provide snprintf and vsnprintf functions
16 * So Feb 1 16:51:32 CET 2004 Juergen Quade <quade@hsnr.de>
17 * - scnprintf and vscnprintf
20 #include <linux/stdarg.h>
21 #include <linux/build_bug.h>
22 #include <linux/clk.h>
23 #include <linux/clk-provider.h>
24 #include <linux/errname.h>
25 #include <linux/module.h> /* for KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN */
26 #include <linux/types.h>
27 #include <linux/string.h>
28 #include <linux/ctype.h>
29 #include <linux/kernel.h>
30 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
31 #include <linux/math64.h>
32 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
33 #include <linux/ioport.h>
34 #include <linux/dcache.h>
35 #include <linux/cred.h>
36 #include <linux/rtc.h>
37 #include <linux/time.h>
38 #include <linux/uuid.h>
40 #include <net/addrconf.h>
41 #include <linux/siphash.h>
42 #include <linux/compiler.h>
43 #include <linux/property.h>
44 #include <linux/notifier.h>
46 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
49 #include "../mm/internal.h" /* For the trace_print_flags arrays */
51 #include <asm/page.h> /* for PAGE_SIZE */
52 #include <asm/byteorder.h> /* cpu_to_le16 */
53 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
55 #include <linux/string_helpers.h>
58 /* Disable pointer hashing if requested */
59 bool no_hash_pointers __ro_after_init;
60 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(no_hash_pointers);
62 static noinline unsigned long long simple_strntoull(const char *startp, size_t max_chars, char **endp, unsigned int base)
65 unsigned long long result = 0ULL;
69 cp = _parse_integer_fixup_radix(startp, &base);
70 prefix_chars = cp - startp;
71 if (prefix_chars < max_chars) {
72 rv = _parse_integer_limit(cp, base, &result, max_chars - prefix_chars);
74 cp += (rv & ~KSTRTOX_OVERFLOW);
76 /* Field too short for prefix + digit, skip over without converting */
77 cp = startp + max_chars;
87 * simple_strtoull - convert a string to an unsigned long long
88 * @cp: The start of the string
89 * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
90 * @base: The number base to use
92 * This function has caveats. Please use kstrtoull instead.
95 unsigned long long simple_strtoull(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
97 return simple_strntoull(cp, INT_MAX, endp, base);
99 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoull);
102 * simple_strtoul - convert a string to an unsigned long
103 * @cp: The start of the string
104 * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
105 * @base: The number base to use
107 * This function has caveats. Please use kstrtoul instead.
109 unsigned long simple_strtoul(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
111 return simple_strtoull(cp, endp, base);
113 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoul);
116 * simple_strtol - convert a string to a signed long
117 * @cp: The start of the string
118 * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
119 * @base: The number base to use
121 * This function has caveats. Please use kstrtol instead.
123 long simple_strtol(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
126 return -simple_strtoul(cp + 1, endp, base);
128 return simple_strtoul(cp, endp, base);
130 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtol);
132 static long long simple_strntoll(const char *cp, size_t max_chars, char **endp,
136 * simple_strntoull() safely handles receiving max_chars==0 in the
137 * case cp[0] == '-' && max_chars == 1.
138 * If max_chars == 0 we can drop through and pass it to simple_strntoull()
139 * and the content of *cp is irrelevant.
141 if (*cp == '-' && max_chars > 0)
142 return -simple_strntoull(cp + 1, max_chars - 1, endp, base);
144 return simple_strntoull(cp, max_chars, endp, base);
148 * simple_strtoll - convert a string to a signed long long
149 * @cp: The start of the string
150 * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
151 * @base: The number base to use
153 * This function has caveats. Please use kstrtoll instead.
155 long long simple_strtoll(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
157 return simple_strntoll(cp, INT_MAX, endp, base);
159 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoll);
161 static noinline_for_stack
162 int skip_atoi(const char **s)
167 i = i*10 + *((*s)++) - '0';
168 } while (isdigit(**s));
174 * Decimal conversion is by far the most typical, and is used for
175 * /proc and /sys data. This directly impacts e.g. top performance
176 * with many processes running. We optimize it for speed by emitting
177 * two characters at a time, using a 200 byte lookup table. This
178 * roughly halves the number of multiplications compared to computing
179 * the digits one at a time. Implementation strongly inspired by the
180 * previous version, which in turn used ideas described at
181 * <http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/divide.html> (with permission
182 * from the author, Douglas W. Jones).
184 * It turns out there is precisely one 26 bit fixed-point
185 * approximation a of 64/100 for which x/100 == (x * (u64)a) >> 32
186 * holds for all x in [0, 10^8-1], namely a = 0x28f5c29. The actual
187 * range happens to be somewhat larger (x <= 1073741898), but that's
188 * irrelevant for our purpose.
190 * For dividing a number in the range [10^4, 10^6-1] by 100, we still
191 * need a 32x32->64 bit multiply, so we simply use the same constant.
193 * For dividing a number in the range [100, 10^4-1] by 100, there are
194 * several options. The simplest is (x * 0x147b) >> 19, which is valid
195 * for all x <= 43698.
198 static const u16 decpair[100] = {
199 #define _(x) (__force u16) cpu_to_le16(((x % 10) | ((x / 10) << 8)) + 0x3030)
200 _( 0), _( 1), _( 2), _( 3), _( 4), _( 5), _( 6), _( 7), _( 8), _( 9),
201 _(10), _(11), _(12), _(13), _(14), _(15), _(16), _(17), _(18), _(19),
202 _(20), _(21), _(22), _(23), _(24), _(25), _(26), _(27), _(28), _(29),
203 _(30), _(31), _(32), _(33), _(34), _(35), _(36), _(37), _(38), _(39),
204 _(40), _(41), _(42), _(43), _(44), _(45), _(46), _(47), _(48), _(49),
205 _(50), _(51), _(52), _(53), _(54), _(55), _(56), _(57), _(58), _(59),
206 _(60), _(61), _(62), _(63), _(64), _(65), _(66), _(67), _(68), _(69),
207 _(70), _(71), _(72), _(73), _(74), _(75), _(76), _(77), _(78), _(79),
208 _(80), _(81), _(82), _(83), _(84), _(85), _(86), _(87), _(88), _(89),
209 _(90), _(91), _(92), _(93), _(94), _(95), _(96), _(97), _(98), _(99),
214 * This will print a single '0' even if r == 0, since we would
215 * immediately jump to out_r where two 0s would be written but only
216 * one of them accounted for in buf. This is needed by ip4_string
217 * below. All other callers pass a non-zero value of r.
219 static noinline_for_stack
220 char *put_dec_trunc8(char *buf, unsigned r)
228 /* 100 <= r < 10^8 */
229 q = (r * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
230 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
237 /* 100 <= q < 10^6 */
238 r = (q * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
239 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q - 100*r];
246 /* 100 <= r < 10^4 */
247 q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
248 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
255 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r];
256 buf += r < 10 ? 1 : 2;
260 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 64 && BITS_PER_LONG_LONG == 64
261 static noinline_for_stack
262 char *put_dec_full8(char *buf, unsigned r)
267 q = (r * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
268 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
272 r = (q * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
273 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q - 100*r];
277 q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
278 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
282 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q];
287 static noinline_for_stack
288 char *put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long n)
290 if (n >= 100*1000*1000)
291 buf = put_dec_full8(buf, do_div(n, 100*1000*1000));
292 /* 1 <= n <= 1.6e11 */
293 if (n >= 100*1000*1000)
294 buf = put_dec_full8(buf, do_div(n, 100*1000*1000));
296 return put_dec_trunc8(buf, n);
299 #elif BITS_PER_LONG == 32 && BITS_PER_LONG_LONG == 64
302 put_dec_full4(char *buf, unsigned r)
307 q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
308 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
311 *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q];
315 * Call put_dec_full4 on x % 10000, return x / 10000.
316 * The approximation x/10000 == (x * 0x346DC5D7) >> 43
317 * holds for all x < 1,128,869,999. The largest value this
318 * helper will ever be asked to convert is 1,125,520,955.
319 * (second call in the put_dec code, assuming n is all-ones).
321 static noinline_for_stack
322 unsigned put_dec_helper4(char *buf, unsigned x)
324 uint32_t q = (x * (uint64_t)0x346DC5D7) >> 43;
326 put_dec_full4(buf, x - q * 10000);
330 /* Based on code by Douglas W. Jones found at
331 * <http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/decimal.html#sixtyfour>
332 * (with permission from the author).
333 * Performs no 64-bit division and hence should be fast on 32-bit machines.
336 char *put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long n)
338 uint32_t d3, d2, d1, q, h;
340 if (n < 100*1000*1000)
341 return put_dec_trunc8(buf, n);
343 d1 = ((uint32_t)n >> 16); /* implicit "& 0xffff" */
346 d3 = (h >> 16); /* implicit "& 0xffff" */
348 /* n = 2^48 d3 + 2^32 d2 + 2^16 d1 + d0
349 = 281_4749_7671_0656 d3 + 42_9496_7296 d2 + 6_5536 d1 + d0 */
350 q = 656 * d3 + 7296 * d2 + 5536 * d1 + ((uint32_t)n & 0xffff);
351 q = put_dec_helper4(buf, q);
353 q += 7671 * d3 + 9496 * d2 + 6 * d1;
354 q = put_dec_helper4(buf+4, q);
356 q += 4749 * d3 + 42 * d2;
357 q = put_dec_helper4(buf+8, q);
362 buf = put_dec_trunc8(buf, q);
363 else while (buf[-1] == '0')
372 * Convert passed number to decimal string.
373 * Returns the length of string. On buffer overflow, returns 0.
375 * If speed is not important, use snprintf(). It's easy to read the code.
377 int num_to_str(char *buf, int size, unsigned long long num, unsigned int width)
379 /* put_dec requires 2-byte alignment of the buffer. */
380 char tmp[sizeof(num) * 3] __aligned(2);
383 /* put_dec() may work incorrectly for num = 0 (generate "", not "0") */
388 len = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp;
391 if (len > size || width > size)
396 for (idx = 0; idx < width; idx++)
402 for (idx = 0; idx < len; ++idx)
403 buf[idx + width] = tmp[len - idx - 1];
408 #define SIGN 1 /* unsigned/signed, must be 1 */
409 #define LEFT 2 /* left justified */
410 #define PLUS 4 /* show plus */
411 #define SPACE 8 /* space if plus */
412 #define ZEROPAD 16 /* pad with zero, must be 16 == '0' - ' ' */
413 #define SMALL 32 /* use lowercase in hex (must be 32 == 0x20) */
414 #define SPECIAL 64 /* prefix hex with "0x", octal with "0" */
416 static_assert(SIGN == 1);
417 static_assert(ZEROPAD == ('0' - ' '));
418 static_assert(SMALL == ('a' ^ 'A'));
421 FORMAT_TYPE_NONE, /* Just a string part */
423 FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION,
427 FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR,
429 FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG,
443 unsigned int type:8; /* format_type enum */
444 signed int field_width:24; /* width of output field */
445 unsigned int flags:8; /* flags to number() */
446 unsigned int base:8; /* number base, 8, 10 or 16 only */
447 signed int precision:16; /* # of digits/chars */
449 static_assert(sizeof(struct printf_spec) == 8);
451 #define FIELD_WIDTH_MAX ((1 << 23) - 1)
452 #define PRECISION_MAX ((1 << 15) - 1)
454 static noinline_for_stack
455 char *number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num,
456 struct printf_spec spec)
458 /* put_dec requires 2-byte alignment of the buffer. */
459 char tmp[3 * sizeof(num)] __aligned(2);
462 int need_pfx = ((spec.flags & SPECIAL) && spec.base != 10);
464 bool is_zero = num == 0LL;
465 int field_width = spec.field_width;
466 int precision = spec.precision;
468 /* locase = 0 or 0x20. ORing digits or letters with 'locase'
469 * produces same digits or (maybe lowercased) letters */
470 locase = (spec.flags & SMALL);
471 if (spec.flags & LEFT)
472 spec.flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
474 if (spec.flags & SIGN) {
475 if ((signed long long)num < 0) {
477 num = -(signed long long)num;
479 } else if (spec.flags & PLUS) {
482 } else if (spec.flags & SPACE) {
494 /* generate full string in tmp[], in reverse order */
497 tmp[i++] = hex_asc_upper[num] | locase;
498 else if (spec.base != 10) { /* 8 or 16 */
499 int mask = spec.base - 1;
505 tmp[i++] = (hex_asc_upper[((unsigned char)num) & mask] | locase);
508 } else { /* base 10 */
509 i = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp;
512 /* printing 100 using %2d gives "100", not "00" */
515 /* leading space padding */
516 field_width -= precision;
517 if (!(spec.flags & (ZEROPAD | LEFT))) {
518 while (--field_width >= 0) {
530 /* "0x" / "0" prefix */
532 if (spec.base == 16 || !is_zero) {
537 if (spec.base == 16) {
539 *buf = ('X' | locase);
543 /* zero or space padding */
544 if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
545 char c = ' ' + (spec.flags & ZEROPAD);
547 while (--field_width >= 0) {
553 /* hmm even more zero padding? */
554 while (i <= --precision) {
559 /* actual digits of result */
565 /* trailing space padding */
566 while (--field_width >= 0) {
575 static noinline_for_stack
576 char *special_hex_number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num, int size)
578 struct printf_spec spec;
580 spec.type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTR;
581 spec.field_width = 2 + 2 * size; /* 0x + hex */
582 spec.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD;
586 return number(buf, end, num, spec);
589 static void move_right(char *buf, char *end, unsigned len, unsigned spaces)
592 if (buf >= end) /* nowhere to put anything */
595 if (size <= spaces) {
596 memset(buf, ' ', size);
600 if (len > size - spaces)
602 memmove(buf + spaces, buf, len);
604 memset(buf, ' ', spaces);
608 * Handle field width padding for a string.
609 * @buf: current buffer position
610 * @n: length of string
611 * @end: end of output buffer
612 * @spec: for field width and flags
613 * Returns: new buffer position after padding.
615 static noinline_for_stack
616 char *widen_string(char *buf, int n, char *end, struct printf_spec spec)
620 if (likely(n >= spec.field_width))
622 /* we want to pad the sucker */
623 spaces = spec.field_width - n;
624 if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
625 move_right(buf - n, end, n, spaces);
636 /* Handle string from a well known address. */
637 static char *string_nocheck(char *buf, char *end, const char *s,
638 struct printf_spec spec)
641 int lim = spec.precision;
652 return widen_string(buf, len, end, spec);
655 static char *err_ptr(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
656 struct printf_spec spec)
658 int err = PTR_ERR(ptr);
659 const char *sym = errname(err);
662 return string_nocheck(buf, end, sym, spec);
665 * Somebody passed ERR_PTR(-1234) or some other non-existing
666 * Efoo - or perhaps CONFIG_SYMBOLIC_ERRNAME=n. Fall back to
667 * printing it as its decimal representation.
671 return number(buf, end, err, spec);
674 /* Be careful: error messages must fit into the given buffer. */
675 static char *error_string(char *buf, char *end, const char *s,
676 struct printf_spec spec)
679 * Hard limit to avoid a completely insane messages. It actually
680 * works pretty well because most error messages are in
681 * the many pointer format modifiers.
683 if (spec.precision == -1)
684 spec.precision = 2 * sizeof(void *);
686 return string_nocheck(buf, end, s, spec);
690 * Do not call any complex external code here. Nested printk()/vsprintf()
691 * might cause infinite loops. Failures might break printk() and would
694 static const char *check_pointer_msg(const void *ptr)
699 if ((unsigned long)ptr < PAGE_SIZE || IS_ERR_VALUE(ptr))
705 static int check_pointer(char **buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
706 struct printf_spec spec)
710 err_msg = check_pointer_msg(ptr);
712 *buf = error_string(*buf, end, err_msg, spec);
719 static noinline_for_stack
720 char *string(char *buf, char *end, const char *s,
721 struct printf_spec spec)
723 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, s, spec))
726 return string_nocheck(buf, end, s, spec);
729 static char *pointer_string(char *buf, char *end,
731 struct printf_spec spec)
735 if (spec.field_width == -1) {
736 spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(ptr);
737 spec.flags |= ZEROPAD;
740 return number(buf, end, (unsigned long int)ptr, spec);
743 /* Make pointers available for printing early in the boot sequence. */
744 static int debug_boot_weak_hash __ro_after_init;
746 static int __init debug_boot_weak_hash_enable(char *str)
748 debug_boot_weak_hash = 1;
749 pr_info("debug_boot_weak_hash enabled\n");
752 early_param("debug_boot_weak_hash", debug_boot_weak_hash_enable);
754 static bool filled_random_ptr_key __read_mostly;
755 static siphash_key_t ptr_key __read_mostly;
757 static int fill_ptr_key(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long action, void *data)
759 get_random_bytes(&ptr_key, sizeof(ptr_key));
761 /* Pairs with smp_rmb() before reading ptr_key. */
763 WRITE_ONCE(filled_random_ptr_key, true);
767 static int __init vsprintf_init_hashval(void)
769 static struct notifier_block fill_ptr_key_nb = { .notifier_call = fill_ptr_key };
770 execute_with_initialized_rng(&fill_ptr_key_nb);
773 subsys_initcall(vsprintf_init_hashval)
775 /* Maps a pointer to a 32 bit unique identifier. */
776 static inline int __ptr_to_hashval(const void *ptr, unsigned long *hashval_out)
778 unsigned long hashval;
780 if (!READ_ONCE(filled_random_ptr_key))
783 /* Pairs with smp_wmb() after writing ptr_key. */
787 hashval = (unsigned long)siphash_1u64((u64)ptr, &ptr_key);
789 * Mask off the first 32 bits, this makes explicit that we have
790 * modified the address (and 32 bits is plenty for a unique ID).
792 hashval = hashval & 0xffffffff;
794 hashval = (unsigned long)siphash_1u32((u32)ptr, &ptr_key);
796 *hashval_out = hashval;
800 int ptr_to_hashval(const void *ptr, unsigned long *hashval_out)
802 return __ptr_to_hashval(ptr, hashval_out);
805 static char *ptr_to_id(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
806 struct printf_spec spec)
808 const char *str = sizeof(ptr) == 8 ? "(____ptrval____)" : "(ptrval)";
809 unsigned long hashval;
813 * Print the real pointer value for NULL and error pointers,
814 * as they are not actual addresses.
816 if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(ptr))
817 return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
819 /* When debugging early boot use non-cryptographically secure hash. */
820 if (unlikely(debug_boot_weak_hash)) {
821 hashval = hash_long((unsigned long)ptr, 32);
822 return pointer_string(buf, end, (const void *)hashval, spec);
825 ret = __ptr_to_hashval(ptr, &hashval);
827 spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(ptr);
828 /* string length must be less than default_width */
829 return error_string(buf, end, str, spec);
832 return pointer_string(buf, end, (const void *)hashval, spec);
835 static char *default_pointer(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
836 struct printf_spec spec)
839 * default is to _not_ leak addresses, so hash before printing,
840 * unless no_hash_pointers is specified on the command line.
842 if (unlikely(no_hash_pointers))
843 return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
845 return ptr_to_id(buf, end, ptr, spec);
848 int kptr_restrict __read_mostly;
850 static noinline_for_stack
851 char *restricted_pointer(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
852 struct printf_spec spec)
854 switch (kptr_restrict) {
856 /* Handle as %p, hash and do _not_ leak addresses. */
857 return default_pointer(buf, end, ptr, spec);
859 const struct cred *cred;
862 * kptr_restrict==1 cannot be used in IRQ context
863 * because its test for CAP_SYSLOG would be meaningless.
865 if (in_hardirq() || in_serving_softirq() || in_nmi()) {
866 if (spec.field_width == -1)
867 spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(ptr);
868 return error_string(buf, end, "pK-error", spec);
872 * Only print the real pointer value if the current
873 * process has CAP_SYSLOG and is running with the
874 * same credentials it started with. This is because
875 * access to files is checked at open() time, but %pK
876 * checks permission at read() time. We don't want to
877 * leak pointer values if a binary opens a file using
878 * %pK and then elevates privileges before reading it.
880 cred = current_cred();
881 if (!has_capability_noaudit(current, CAP_SYSLOG) ||
882 !uid_eq(cred->euid, cred->uid) ||
883 !gid_eq(cred->egid, cred->gid))
889 /* Always print 0's for %pK */
894 return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
897 static noinline_for_stack
898 char *dentry_name(char *buf, char *end, const struct dentry *d, struct printf_spec spec,
901 const char *array[4], *s;
902 const struct dentry *p;
907 case '2': case '3': case '4':
908 depth = fmt[1] - '0';
915 for (i = 0; i < depth; i++, d = p) {
916 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, d, spec)) {
921 p = READ_ONCE(d->d_parent);
922 array[i] = READ_ONCE(d->d_name.name);
931 for (n = 0; n != spec.precision; n++, buf++) {
943 return widen_string(buf, n, end, spec);
946 static noinline_for_stack
947 char *file_dentry_name(char *buf, char *end, const struct file *f,
948 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
950 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, f, spec))
953 return dentry_name(buf, end, f->f_path.dentry, spec, fmt);
956 static noinline_for_stack
957 char *bdev_name(char *buf, char *end, struct block_device *bdev,
958 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
962 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, bdev, spec))
966 buf = string(buf, end, hd->disk_name, spec);
967 if (bdev->bd_partno) {
968 if (isdigit(hd->disk_name[strlen(hd->disk_name)-1])) {
973 buf = number(buf, end, bdev->bd_partno, spec);
979 static noinline_for_stack
980 char *symbol_string(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
981 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
984 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
985 char sym[KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN];
989 ptr = __builtin_extract_return_addr(ptr);
990 value = (unsigned long)ptr;
992 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
993 if (*fmt == 'B' && fmt[1] == 'b')
994 sprint_backtrace_build_id(sym, value);
995 else if (*fmt == 'B')
996 sprint_backtrace(sym, value);
997 else if (*fmt == 'S' && (fmt[1] == 'b' || (fmt[1] == 'R' && fmt[2] == 'b')))
998 sprint_symbol_build_id(sym, value);
999 else if (*fmt != 's')
1000 sprint_symbol(sym, value);
1002 sprint_symbol_no_offset(sym, value);
1004 return string_nocheck(buf, end, sym, spec);
1006 return special_hex_number(buf, end, value, sizeof(void *));
1010 static const struct printf_spec default_str_spec = {
1015 static const struct printf_spec default_flag_spec = {
1018 .flags = SPECIAL | SMALL,
1021 static const struct printf_spec default_dec_spec = {
1026 static const struct printf_spec default_dec02_spec = {
1033 static const struct printf_spec default_dec04_spec = {
1040 static noinline_for_stack
1041 char *resource_string(char *buf, char *end, struct resource *res,
1042 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1044 #ifndef IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE
1045 #define IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE 6
1048 #ifndef MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE
1049 #define MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE 10
1051 static const struct printf_spec io_spec = {
1053 .field_width = IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE,
1055 .flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD,
1057 static const struct printf_spec mem_spec = {
1059 .field_width = MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE,
1061 .flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD,
1063 static const struct printf_spec bus_spec = {
1067 .flags = SMALL | ZEROPAD,
1069 static const struct printf_spec str_spec = {
1075 /* 32-bit res (sizeof==4): 10 chars in dec, 10 in hex ("0x" + 8)
1076 * 64-bit res (sizeof==8): 20 chars in dec, 18 in hex ("0x" + 16) */
1077 #define RSRC_BUF_SIZE ((2 * sizeof(resource_size_t)) + 4)
1078 #define FLAG_BUF_SIZE (2 * sizeof(res->flags))
1079 #define DECODED_BUF_SIZE sizeof("[mem - 64bit pref window disabled]")
1080 #define RAW_BUF_SIZE sizeof("[mem - flags 0x]")
1081 char sym[max(2*RSRC_BUF_SIZE + DECODED_BUF_SIZE,
1082 2*RSRC_BUF_SIZE + FLAG_BUF_SIZE + RAW_BUF_SIZE)];
1084 char *p = sym, *pend = sym + sizeof(sym);
1085 int decode = (fmt[0] == 'R') ? 1 : 0;
1086 const struct printf_spec *specp;
1088 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, res, spec))
1092 if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_IO) {
1093 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "io ", str_spec);
1095 } else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM) {
1096 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "mem ", str_spec);
1098 } else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_IRQ) {
1099 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "irq ", str_spec);
1100 specp = &default_dec_spec;
1101 } else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_DMA) {
1102 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "dma ", str_spec);
1103 specp = &default_dec_spec;
1104 } else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_BUS) {
1105 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "bus ", str_spec);
1108 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "??? ", str_spec);
1112 if (decode && res->flags & IORESOURCE_UNSET) {
1113 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "size ", str_spec);
1114 p = number(p, pend, resource_size(res), *specp);
1116 p = number(p, pend, res->start, *specp);
1117 if (res->start != res->end) {
1119 p = number(p, pend, res->end, *specp);
1123 if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM_64)
1124 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " 64bit", str_spec);
1125 if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_PREFETCH)
1126 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " pref", str_spec);
1127 if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_WINDOW)
1128 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " window", str_spec);
1129 if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_DISABLED)
1130 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " disabled", str_spec);
1132 p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " flags ", str_spec);
1133 p = number(p, pend, res->flags, default_flag_spec);
1138 return string_nocheck(buf, end, sym, spec);
1141 static noinline_for_stack
1142 char *hex_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr, struct printf_spec spec,
1145 int i, len = 1; /* if we pass '%ph[CDN]', field width remains
1146 negative value, fallback to the default */
1149 if (spec.field_width == 0)
1150 /* nothing to print */
1153 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1171 if (spec.field_width > 0)
1172 len = min_t(int, spec.field_width, 64);
1174 for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
1176 *buf = hex_asc_hi(addr[i]);
1179 *buf = hex_asc_lo(addr[i]);
1182 if (separator && i != len - 1) {
1192 static noinline_for_stack
1193 char *bitmap_string(char *buf, char *end, const unsigned long *bitmap,
1194 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1196 const int CHUNKSZ = 32;
1197 int nr_bits = max_t(int, spec.field_width, 0);
1201 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, bitmap, spec))
1204 /* reused to print numbers */
1205 spec = (struct printf_spec){ .flags = SMALL | ZEROPAD, .base = 16 };
1207 chunksz = nr_bits & (CHUNKSZ - 1);
1211 i = ALIGN(nr_bits, CHUNKSZ) - CHUNKSZ;
1212 for (; i >= 0; i -= CHUNKSZ) {
1216 chunkmask = ((1ULL << chunksz) - 1);
1217 word = i / BITS_PER_LONG;
1218 bit = i % BITS_PER_LONG;
1219 val = (bitmap[word] >> bit) & chunkmask;
1228 spec.field_width = DIV_ROUND_UP(chunksz, 4);
1229 buf = number(buf, end, val, spec);
1236 static noinline_for_stack
1237 char *bitmap_list_string(char *buf, char *end, const unsigned long *bitmap,
1238 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1240 int nr_bits = max_t(int, spec.field_width, 0);
1244 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, bitmap, spec))
1247 for_each_set_bitrange(rbot, rtop, bitmap, nr_bits) {
1255 buf = number(buf, end, rbot, default_dec_spec);
1256 if (rtop == rbot + 1)
1261 buf = number(++buf, end, rtop - 1, default_dec_spec);
1266 static noinline_for_stack
1267 char *mac_address_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr,
1268 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1270 char mac_addr[sizeof("xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx")];
1274 bool reversed = false;
1276 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1293 for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
1295 p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[5 - i]);
1297 p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[i]);
1299 if (fmt[0] == 'M' && i != 5)
1304 return string_nocheck(buf, end, mac_addr, spec);
1307 static noinline_for_stack
1308 char *ip4_string(char *p, const u8 *addr, const char *fmt)
1311 bool leading_zeros = (fmt[0] == 'i');
1336 for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
1337 char temp[4] __aligned(2); /* hold each IP quad in reverse order */
1338 int digits = put_dec_trunc8(temp, addr[index]) - temp;
1339 if (leading_zeros) {
1345 /* reverse the digits in the quad */
1347 *p++ = temp[digits];
1357 static noinline_for_stack
1358 char *ip6_compressed_string(char *p, const char *addr)
1361 unsigned char zerolength[8];
1366 bool needcolon = false;
1368 struct in6_addr in6;
1370 memcpy(&in6, addr, sizeof(struct in6_addr));
1372 useIPv4 = ipv6_addr_v4mapped(&in6) || ipv6_addr_is_isatap(&in6);
1374 memset(zerolength, 0, sizeof(zerolength));
1381 /* find position of longest 0 run */
1382 for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
1383 for (j = i; j < range; j++) {
1384 if (in6.s6_addr16[j] != 0)
1389 for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
1390 if (zerolength[i] > longest) {
1391 longest = zerolength[i];
1395 if (longest == 1) /* don't compress a single 0 */
1399 for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
1400 if (i == colonpos) {
1401 if (needcolon || i == 0)
1412 /* hex u16 without leading 0s */
1413 word = ntohs(in6.s6_addr16[i]);
1418 p = hex_byte_pack(p, hi);
1420 *p++ = hex_asc_lo(hi);
1421 p = hex_byte_pack(p, lo);
1424 p = hex_byte_pack(p, lo);
1426 *p++ = hex_asc_lo(lo);
1433 p = ip4_string(p, &in6.s6_addr[12], "I4");
1440 static noinline_for_stack
1441 char *ip6_string(char *p, const char *addr, const char *fmt)
1445 for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
1446 p = hex_byte_pack(p, *addr++);
1447 p = hex_byte_pack(p, *addr++);
1448 if (fmt[0] == 'I' && i != 7)
1456 static noinline_for_stack
1457 char *ip6_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
1458 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1460 char ip6_addr[sizeof("xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255")];
1462 if (fmt[0] == 'I' && fmt[2] == 'c')
1463 ip6_compressed_string(ip6_addr, addr);
1465 ip6_string(ip6_addr, addr, fmt);
1467 return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip6_addr, spec);
1470 static noinline_for_stack
1471 char *ip4_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
1472 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1474 char ip4_addr[sizeof("255.255.255.255")];
1476 ip4_string(ip4_addr, addr, fmt);
1478 return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip4_addr, spec);
1481 static noinline_for_stack
1482 char *ip6_addr_string_sa(char *buf, char *end, const struct sockaddr_in6 *sa,
1483 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1485 bool have_p = false, have_s = false, have_f = false, have_c = false;
1486 char ip6_addr[sizeof("[xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255]") +
1487 sizeof(":12345") + sizeof("/123456789") +
1488 sizeof("%1234567890")];
1489 char *p = ip6_addr, *pend = ip6_addr + sizeof(ip6_addr);
1490 const u8 *addr = (const u8 *) &sa->sin6_addr;
1491 char fmt6[2] = { fmt[0], '6' };
1495 while (isalpha(*++fmt)) {
1512 if (have_p || have_s || have_f) {
1517 if (fmt6[0] == 'I' && have_c)
1518 p = ip6_compressed_string(ip6_addr + off, addr);
1520 p = ip6_string(ip6_addr + off, addr, fmt6);
1522 if (have_p || have_s || have_f)
1527 p = number(p, pend, ntohs(sa->sin6_port), spec);
1531 p = number(p, pend, ntohl(sa->sin6_flowinfo &
1532 IPV6_FLOWINFO_MASK), spec);
1536 p = number(p, pend, sa->sin6_scope_id, spec);
1540 return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip6_addr, spec);
1543 static noinline_for_stack
1544 char *ip4_addr_string_sa(char *buf, char *end, const struct sockaddr_in *sa,
1545 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1547 bool have_p = false;
1548 char *p, ip4_addr[sizeof("255.255.255.255") + sizeof(":12345")];
1549 char *pend = ip4_addr + sizeof(ip4_addr);
1550 const u8 *addr = (const u8 *) &sa->sin_addr.s_addr;
1551 char fmt4[3] = { fmt[0], '4', 0 };
1554 while (isalpha(*++fmt)) {
1568 p = ip4_string(ip4_addr, addr, fmt4);
1571 p = number(p, pend, ntohs(sa->sin_port), spec);
1575 return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip4_addr, spec);
1578 static noinline_for_stack
1579 char *ip_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
1580 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1584 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, ptr, spec))
1589 return ip6_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
1591 return ip4_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
1594 struct sockaddr raw;
1595 struct sockaddr_in v4;
1596 struct sockaddr_in6 v6;
1599 switch (sa->raw.sa_family) {
1601 return ip4_addr_string_sa(buf, end, &sa->v4, spec, fmt);
1603 return ip6_addr_string_sa(buf, end, &sa->v6, spec, fmt);
1605 return error_string(buf, end, "(einval)", spec);
1609 err_fmt_msg = fmt[0] == 'i' ? "(%pi?)" : "(%pI?)";
1610 return error_string(buf, end, err_fmt_msg, spec);
1613 static noinline_for_stack
1614 char *escaped_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr, struct printf_spec spec,
1619 unsigned int flags = 0;
1622 if (spec.field_width == 0)
1623 return buf; /* nothing to print */
1625 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1629 switch (fmt[count++]) {
1631 flags |= ESCAPE_ANY;
1634 flags |= ESCAPE_SPECIAL;
1637 flags |= ESCAPE_HEX;
1640 flags |= ESCAPE_NULL;
1643 flags |= ESCAPE_OCTAL;
1649 flags |= ESCAPE_SPACE;
1658 flags = ESCAPE_ANY_NP;
1660 len = spec.field_width < 0 ? 1 : spec.field_width;
1663 * string_escape_mem() writes as many characters as it can to
1664 * the given buffer, and returns the total size of the output
1665 * had the buffer been big enough.
1667 buf += string_escape_mem(addr, len, buf, buf < end ? end - buf : 0, flags, NULL);
1672 static char *va_format(char *buf, char *end, struct va_format *va_fmt,
1673 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1677 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, va_fmt, spec))
1680 va_copy(va, *va_fmt->va);
1681 buf += vsnprintf(buf, end > buf ? end - buf : 0, va_fmt->fmt, va);
1687 static noinline_for_stack
1688 char *uuid_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
1689 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1691 char uuid[UUID_STRING_LEN + 1];
1694 const u8 *index = uuid_index;
1697 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1712 for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
1714 p = hex_byte_pack_upper(p, addr[index[i]]);
1716 p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[index[i]]);
1729 return string_nocheck(buf, end, uuid, spec);
1732 static noinline_for_stack
1733 char *netdev_bits(char *buf, char *end, const void *addr,
1734 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1736 unsigned long long num;
1739 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1744 num = *(const netdev_features_t *)addr;
1745 size = sizeof(netdev_features_t);
1748 return error_string(buf, end, "(%pN?)", spec);
1751 return special_hex_number(buf, end, num, size);
1754 static noinline_for_stack
1755 char *fourcc_string(char *buf, char *end, const u32 *fourcc,
1756 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1758 char output[sizeof("0123 little-endian (0x01234567)")];
1763 if (fmt[1] != 'c' || fmt[2] != 'c')
1764 return error_string(buf, end, "(%p4?)", spec);
1766 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, fourcc, spec))
1769 orig = get_unaligned(fourcc);
1770 val = orig & ~BIT(31);
1772 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(u32); i++) {
1773 unsigned char c = val >> (i * 8);
1775 /* Print non-control ASCII characters as-is, dot otherwise */
1776 *p++ = isascii(c) && isprint(c) ? c : '.';
1780 strcpy(p, orig & BIT(31) ? "big-endian" : "little-endian");
1785 p = special_hex_number(p, output + sizeof(output) - 2, orig, sizeof(u32));
1789 return string(buf, end, output, spec);
1792 static noinline_for_stack
1793 char *address_val(char *buf, char *end, const void *addr,
1794 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1796 unsigned long long num;
1799 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1804 num = *(const dma_addr_t *)addr;
1805 size = sizeof(dma_addr_t);
1809 num = *(const phys_addr_t *)addr;
1810 size = sizeof(phys_addr_t);
1814 return special_hex_number(buf, end, num, size);
1817 static noinline_for_stack
1818 char *date_str(char *buf, char *end, const struct rtc_time *tm, bool r)
1820 int year = tm->tm_year + (r ? 0 : 1900);
1821 int mon = tm->tm_mon + (r ? 0 : 1);
1823 buf = number(buf, end, year, default_dec04_spec);
1828 buf = number(buf, end, mon, default_dec02_spec);
1833 return number(buf, end, tm->tm_mday, default_dec02_spec);
1836 static noinline_for_stack
1837 char *time_str(char *buf, char *end, const struct rtc_time *tm, bool r)
1839 buf = number(buf, end, tm->tm_hour, default_dec02_spec);
1844 buf = number(buf, end, tm->tm_min, default_dec02_spec);
1849 return number(buf, end, tm->tm_sec, default_dec02_spec);
1852 static noinline_for_stack
1853 char *rtc_str(char *buf, char *end, const struct rtc_time *tm,
1854 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1856 bool have_t = true, have_d = true;
1857 bool raw = false, iso8601_separator = true;
1861 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, tm, spec))
1864 switch (fmt[count]) {
1876 switch (fmt[count++]) {
1881 iso8601_separator = false;
1890 buf = date_str(buf, end, tm, raw);
1891 if (have_d && have_t) {
1893 *buf = iso8601_separator ? 'T' : ' ';
1897 buf = time_str(buf, end, tm, raw);
1902 static noinline_for_stack
1903 char *time64_str(char *buf, char *end, const time64_t time,
1904 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1906 struct rtc_time rtc_time;
1909 time64_to_tm(time, 0, &tm);
1911 rtc_time.tm_sec = tm.tm_sec;
1912 rtc_time.tm_min = tm.tm_min;
1913 rtc_time.tm_hour = tm.tm_hour;
1914 rtc_time.tm_mday = tm.tm_mday;
1915 rtc_time.tm_mon = tm.tm_mon;
1916 rtc_time.tm_year = tm.tm_year;
1917 rtc_time.tm_wday = tm.tm_wday;
1918 rtc_time.tm_yday = tm.tm_yday;
1920 rtc_time.tm_isdst = 0;
1922 return rtc_str(buf, end, &rtc_time, spec, fmt);
1925 static noinline_for_stack
1926 char *time_and_date(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr, struct printf_spec spec,
1931 return rtc_str(buf, end, (const struct rtc_time *)ptr, spec, fmt);
1933 return time64_str(buf, end, *(const time64_t *)ptr, spec, fmt);
1935 return error_string(buf, end, "(%pt?)", spec);
1939 static noinline_for_stack
1940 char *clock(char *buf, char *end, struct clk *clk, struct printf_spec spec,
1943 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_CLK))
1944 return error_string(buf, end, "(%pC?)", spec);
1946 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, clk, spec))
1952 #ifdef CONFIG_COMMON_CLK
1953 return string(buf, end, __clk_get_name(clk), spec);
1955 return ptr_to_id(buf, end, clk, spec);
1961 char *format_flags(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long flags,
1962 const struct trace_print_flags *names)
1966 for ( ; flags && names->name; names++) {
1968 if ((flags & mask) != mask)
1971 buf = string(buf, end, names->name, default_str_spec);
1982 buf = number(buf, end, flags, default_flag_spec);
1987 struct page_flags_fields {
1991 const struct printf_spec *spec;
1995 static const struct page_flags_fields pff[] = {
1996 {SECTIONS_WIDTH, SECTIONS_PGSHIFT, SECTIONS_MASK,
1997 &default_dec_spec, "section"},
1998 {NODES_WIDTH, NODES_PGSHIFT, NODES_MASK,
1999 &default_dec_spec, "node"},
2000 {ZONES_WIDTH, ZONES_PGSHIFT, ZONES_MASK,
2001 &default_dec_spec, "zone"},
2002 {LAST_CPUPID_WIDTH, LAST_CPUPID_PGSHIFT, LAST_CPUPID_MASK,
2003 &default_flag_spec, "lastcpupid"},
2004 {KASAN_TAG_WIDTH, KASAN_TAG_PGSHIFT, KASAN_TAG_MASK,
2005 &default_flag_spec, "kasantag"},
2009 char *format_page_flags(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long flags)
2011 unsigned long main_flags = flags & PAGEFLAGS_MASK;
2012 bool append = false;
2015 buf = number(buf, end, flags, default_flag_spec);
2020 /* Page flags from the main area. */
2022 buf = format_flags(buf, end, main_flags, pageflag_names);
2026 /* Page flags from the fields area */
2027 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pff); i++) {
2028 /* Skip undefined fields. */
2032 /* Format: Flag Name + '=' (equals sign) + Number + '|' (separator) */
2039 buf = string(buf, end, pff[i].name, default_str_spec);
2043 buf = number(buf, end, (flags >> pff[i].shift) & pff[i].mask,
2055 static noinline_for_stack
2056 char *flags_string(char *buf, char *end, void *flags_ptr,
2057 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
2059 unsigned long flags;
2060 const struct trace_print_flags *names;
2062 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, flags_ptr, spec))
2067 return format_page_flags(buf, end, *(unsigned long *)flags_ptr);
2069 flags = *(unsigned long *)flags_ptr;
2070 names = vmaflag_names;
2073 flags = (__force unsigned long)(*(gfp_t *)flags_ptr);
2074 names = gfpflag_names;
2077 return error_string(buf, end, "(%pG?)", spec);
2080 return format_flags(buf, end, flags, names);
2083 static noinline_for_stack
2084 char *fwnode_full_name_string(struct fwnode_handle *fwnode, char *buf,
2089 /* Loop starting from the root node to the current node. */
2090 for (depth = fwnode_count_parents(fwnode); depth >= 0; depth--) {
2091 struct fwnode_handle *__fwnode =
2092 fwnode_get_nth_parent(fwnode, depth);
2094 buf = string(buf, end, fwnode_get_name_prefix(__fwnode),
2096 buf = string(buf, end, fwnode_get_name(__fwnode),
2099 fwnode_handle_put(__fwnode);
2105 static noinline_for_stack
2106 char *device_node_string(char *buf, char *end, struct device_node *dn,
2107 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
2109 char tbuf[sizeof("xxxx") + 1];
2112 char *buf_start = buf;
2113 struct property *prop;
2114 bool has_mult, pass;
2116 struct printf_spec str_spec = spec;
2117 str_spec.field_width = -1;
2120 return error_string(buf, end, "(%pO?)", spec);
2122 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OF))
2123 return error_string(buf, end, "(%pOF?)", spec);
2125 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, dn, spec))
2128 /* simple case without anything any more format specifiers */
2130 if (fmt[0] == '\0' || strcspn(fmt,"fnpPFcC") > 0)
2133 for (pass = false; strspn(fmt,"fnpPFcC"); fmt++, pass = true) {
2142 case 'f': /* full_name */
2143 buf = fwnode_full_name_string(of_fwnode_handle(dn), buf,
2146 case 'n': /* name */
2147 p = fwnode_get_name(of_fwnode_handle(dn));
2148 precision = str_spec.precision;
2149 str_spec.precision = strchrnul(p, '@') - p;
2150 buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
2151 str_spec.precision = precision;
2153 case 'p': /* phandle */
2154 buf = number(buf, end, (unsigned int)dn->phandle, default_dec_spec);
2156 case 'P': /* path-spec */
2157 p = fwnode_get_name(of_fwnode_handle(dn));
2160 buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
2162 case 'F': /* flags */
2163 tbuf[0] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_DYNAMIC) ? 'D' : '-';
2164 tbuf[1] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_DETACHED) ? 'd' : '-';
2165 tbuf[2] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_POPULATED) ? 'P' : '-';
2166 tbuf[3] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_POPULATED_BUS) ? 'B' : '-';
2168 buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, tbuf, str_spec);
2170 case 'c': /* major compatible string */
2171 ret = of_property_read_string(dn, "compatible", &p);
2173 buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
2175 case 'C': /* full compatible string */
2177 of_property_for_each_string(dn, "compatible", prop, p) {
2179 buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, ",", str_spec);
2180 buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, "\"", str_spec);
2181 buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
2182 buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, "\"", str_spec);
2192 return widen_string(buf, buf - buf_start, end, spec);
2195 static noinline_for_stack
2196 char *fwnode_string(char *buf, char *end, struct fwnode_handle *fwnode,
2197 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
2199 struct printf_spec str_spec = spec;
2200 char *buf_start = buf;
2202 str_spec.field_width = -1;
2205 return error_string(buf, end, "(%pf?)", spec);
2207 if (check_pointer(&buf, end, fwnode, spec))
2213 case 'P': /* name */
2214 buf = string(buf, end, fwnode_get_name(fwnode), str_spec);
2216 case 'f': /* full_name */
2218 buf = fwnode_full_name_string(fwnode, buf, end);
2222 return widen_string(buf, buf - buf_start, end, spec);
2225 int __init no_hash_pointers_enable(char *str)
2227 if (no_hash_pointers)
2230 no_hash_pointers = true;
2232 pr_warn("**********************************************************\n");
2233 pr_warn("** NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE **\n");
2235 pr_warn("** This system shows unhashed kernel memory addresses **\n");
2236 pr_warn("** via the console, logs, and other interfaces. This **\n");
2237 pr_warn("** might reduce the security of your system. **\n");
2239 pr_warn("** If you see this message and you are not debugging **\n");
2240 pr_warn("** the kernel, report this immediately to your system **\n");
2241 pr_warn("** administrator! **\n");
2243 pr_warn("** NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE **\n");
2244 pr_warn("**********************************************************\n");
2248 early_param("no_hash_pointers", no_hash_pointers_enable);
2250 /* Used for Rust formatting ('%pA'). */
2251 char *rust_fmt_argument(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr);
2254 * Show a '%p' thing. A kernel extension is that the '%p' is followed
2255 * by an extra set of alphanumeric characters that are extended format
2258 * Please update scripts/checkpatch.pl when adding/removing conversion
2259 * characters. (Search for "check for vsprintf extension").
2261 * Right now we handle:
2263 * - 'S' For symbolic direct pointers (or function descriptors) with offset
2264 * - 's' For symbolic direct pointers (or function descriptors) without offset
2265 * - '[Ss]R' as above with __builtin_extract_return_addr() translation
2266 * - 'S[R]b' as above with module build ID (for use in backtraces)
2267 * - '[Ff]' %pf and %pF were obsoleted and later removed in favor of
2268 * %ps and %pS. Be careful when re-using these specifiers.
2269 * - 'B' For backtraced symbolic direct pointers with offset
2270 * - 'Bb' as above with module build ID (for use in backtraces)
2271 * - 'R' For decoded struct resource, e.g., [mem 0x0-0x1f 64bit pref]
2272 * - 'r' For raw struct resource, e.g., [mem 0x0-0x1f flags 0x201]
2273 * - 'b[l]' For a bitmap, the number of bits is determined by the field
2274 * width which must be explicitly specified either as part of the
2275 * format string '%32b[l]' or through '%*b[l]', [l] selects
2276 * range-list format instead of hex format
2277 * - 'M' For a 6-byte MAC address, it prints the address in the
2278 * usual colon-separated hex notation
2279 * - 'm' For a 6-byte MAC address, it prints the hex address without colons
2280 * - 'MF' For a 6-byte MAC FDDI address, it prints the address
2281 * with a dash-separated hex notation
2282 * - '[mM]R' For a 6-byte MAC address, Reverse order (Bluetooth)
2283 * - 'I' [46] for IPv4/IPv6 addresses printed in the usual way
2284 * IPv4 uses dot-separated decimal without leading 0's (1.2.3.4)
2285 * IPv6 uses colon separated network-order 16 bit hex with leading 0's
2287 * Generic IPv4/IPv6 address (struct sockaddr *) that falls back to
2288 * [4] or [6] and is able to print port [p], flowinfo [f], scope [s]
2289 * - 'i' [46] for 'raw' IPv4/IPv6 addresses
2290 * IPv6 omits the colons (01020304...0f)
2291 * IPv4 uses dot-separated decimal with leading 0's (010.123.045.006)
2293 * Generic IPv4/IPv6 address (struct sockaddr *) that falls back to
2294 * [4] or [6] and is able to print port [p], flowinfo [f], scope [s]
2295 * - '[Ii][4S][hnbl]' IPv4 addresses in host, network, big or little endian order
2296 * - 'I[6S]c' for IPv6 addresses printed as specified by
2297 * https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5952
2298 * - 'E[achnops]' For an escaped buffer, where rules are defined by combination
2299 * of the following flags (see string_escape_mem() for the
2302 * c - ESCAPE_SPECIAL
2308 * By default ESCAPE_ANY_NP is used.
2309 * - 'U' For a 16 byte UUID/GUID, it prints the UUID/GUID in the form
2310 * "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"
2311 * Options for %pU are:
2312 * b big endian lower case hex (default)
2313 * B big endian UPPER case hex
2314 * l little endian lower case hex
2315 * L little endian UPPER case hex
2316 * big endian output byte order is:
2317 * [0][1][2][3]-[4][5]-[6][7]-[8][9]-[10][11][12][13][14][15]
2318 * little endian output byte order is:
2319 * [3][2][1][0]-[5][4]-[7][6]-[8][9]-[10][11][12][13][14][15]
2320 * - 'V' For a struct va_format which contains a format string * and va_list *,
2321 * call vsnprintf(->format, *->va_list).
2322 * Implements a "recursive vsnprintf".
2323 * Do not use this feature without some mechanism to verify the
2324 * correctness of the format string and va_list arguments.
2325 * - 'K' For a kernel pointer that should be hidden from unprivileged users.
2326 * Use only for procfs, sysfs and similar files, not printk(); please
2327 * read the documentation (path below) first.
2328 * - 'NF' For a netdev_features_t
2329 * - '4cc' V4L2 or DRM FourCC code, with endianness and raw numerical value.
2330 * - 'h[CDN]' For a variable-length buffer, it prints it as a hex string with
2331 * a certain separator (' ' by default):
2335 * The maximum supported length is 64 bytes of the input. Consider
2336 * to use print_hex_dump() for the larger input.
2337 * - 'a[pd]' For address types [p] phys_addr_t, [d] dma_addr_t and derivatives
2338 * (default assumed to be phys_addr_t, passed by reference)
2339 * - 'd[234]' For a dentry name (optionally 2-4 last components)
2340 * - 'D[234]' Same as 'd' but for a struct file
2341 * - 'g' For block_device name (gendisk + partition number)
2342 * - 't[RT][dt][r][s]' For time and date as represented by:
2345 * - 'C' For a clock, it prints the name (Common Clock Framework) or address
2346 * (legacy clock framework) of the clock
2347 * - 'Cn' For a clock, it prints the name (Common Clock Framework) or address
2348 * (legacy clock framework) of the clock
2349 * - 'G' For flags to be printed as a collection of symbolic strings that would
2350 * construct the specific value. Supported flags given by option:
2351 * p page flags (see struct page) given as pointer to unsigned long
2352 * g gfp flags (GFP_* and __GFP_*) given as pointer to gfp_t
2353 * v vma flags (VM_*) given as pointer to unsigned long
2354 * - 'OF[fnpPcCF]' For a device tree object
2355 * Without any optional arguments prints the full_name
2356 * f device node full_name
2357 * n device node name
2358 * p device node phandle
2359 * P device node path spec (name + @unit)
2360 * F device node flags
2361 * c major compatible string
2362 * C full compatible string
2363 * - 'fw[fP]' For a firmware node (struct fwnode_handle) pointer
2364 * Without an option prints the full name of the node
2366 * P node name, including a possible unit address
2367 * - 'x' For printing the address unmodified. Equivalent to "%lx".
2368 * Please read the documentation (path below) before using!
2369 * - '[ku]s' For a BPF/tracing related format specifier, e.g. used out of
2370 * bpf_trace_printk() where [ku] prefix specifies either kernel (k)
2371 * or user (u) memory to probe, and:
2372 * s a string, equivalent to "%s" on direct vsnprintf() use
2374 * ** When making changes please also update:
2375 * Documentation/core-api/printk-formats.rst
2377 * Note: The default behaviour (unadorned %p) is to hash the address,
2378 * rendering it useful as a unique identifier.
2380 * There is also a '%pA' format specifier, but it is only intended to be used
2381 * from Rust code to format core::fmt::Arguments. Do *not* use it from C.
2382 * See rust/kernel/print.rs for details.
2384 static noinline_for_stack
2385 char *pointer(const char *fmt, char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
2386 struct printf_spec spec)
2391 ptr = dereference_symbol_descriptor(ptr);
2394 return symbol_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2397 return resource_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2399 return hex_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2403 return bitmap_list_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2405 return bitmap_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2407 case 'M': /* Colon separated: 00:01:02:03:04:05 */
2408 case 'm': /* Contiguous: 000102030405 */
2410 /* [mM]R (Reverse order; Bluetooth) */
2411 return mac_address_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2412 case 'I': /* Formatted IP supported
2414 * 6: 0001:0203:...:0708
2415 * 6c: 1::708 or 1::1.2.3.4
2417 case 'i': /* Contiguous:
2418 * 4: 001.002.003.004
2421 return ip_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2423 return escaped_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2425 return uuid_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2427 return va_format(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2429 return restricted_pointer(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2431 return netdev_bits(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2433 return fourcc_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2435 return address_val(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2437 return dentry_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2439 return time_and_date(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2441 return clock(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2443 return file_dentry_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2446 return bdev_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2450 return flags_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2452 return device_node_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt + 1);
2454 return fwnode_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt + 1);
2456 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RUST)) {
2457 WARN_ONCE(1, "Please remove %%pA from non-Rust code\n");
2458 return error_string(buf, end, "(%pA?)", spec);
2460 return rust_fmt_argument(buf, end, ptr);
2462 return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2464 /* %pe with a non-ERR_PTR gets treated as plain %p */
2466 return default_pointer(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2467 return err_ptr(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2472 return string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2474 return error_string(buf, end, "(einval)", spec);
2477 return default_pointer(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2482 * Helper function to decode printf style format.
2483 * Each call decode a token from the format and return the
2484 * number of characters read (or likely the delta where it wants
2485 * to go on the next call).
2486 * The decoded token is returned through the parameters
2488 * 'h', 'l', or 'L' for integer fields
2489 * 'z' support added 23/7/1999 S.H.
2490 * 'z' changed to 'Z' --davidm 1/25/99
2491 * 'Z' changed to 'z' --adobriyan 2017-01-25
2492 * 't' added for ptrdiff_t
2494 * @fmt: the format string
2495 * @type of the token returned
2496 * @flags: various flags such as +, -, # tokens..
2497 * @field_width: overwritten width
2498 * @base: base of the number (octal, hex, ...)
2499 * @precision: precision of a number
2500 * @qualifier: qualifier of a number (long, size_t, ...)
2502 static noinline_for_stack
2503 int format_decode(const char *fmt, struct printf_spec *spec)
2505 const char *start = fmt;
2508 /* we finished early by reading the field width */
2509 if (spec->type == FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH) {
2510 if (spec->field_width < 0) {
2511 spec->field_width = -spec->field_width;
2512 spec->flags |= LEFT;
2514 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
2518 /* we finished early by reading the precision */
2519 if (spec->type == FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION) {
2520 if (spec->precision < 0)
2521 spec->precision = 0;
2523 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
2528 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
2530 for (; *fmt ; ++fmt) {
2535 /* Return the current non-format string */
2536 if (fmt != start || !*fmt)
2542 while (1) { /* this also skips first '%' */
2548 case '-': spec->flags |= LEFT; break;
2549 case '+': spec->flags |= PLUS; break;
2550 case ' ': spec->flags |= SPACE; break;
2551 case '#': spec->flags |= SPECIAL; break;
2552 case '0': spec->flags |= ZEROPAD; break;
2553 default: found = false;
2560 /* get field width */
2561 spec->field_width = -1;
2564 spec->field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);
2565 else if (*fmt == '*') {
2566 /* it's the next argument */
2567 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH;
2568 return ++fmt - start;
2572 /* get the precision */
2573 spec->precision = -1;
2576 if (isdigit(*fmt)) {
2577 spec->precision = skip_atoi(&fmt);
2578 if (spec->precision < 0)
2579 spec->precision = 0;
2580 } else if (*fmt == '*') {
2581 /* it's the next argument */
2582 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION;
2583 return ++fmt - start;
2588 /* get the conversion qualifier */
2590 if (*fmt == 'h' || _tolower(*fmt) == 'l' ||
2591 *fmt == 'z' || *fmt == 't') {
2593 if (unlikely(qualifier == *fmt)) {
2594 if (qualifier == 'l') {
2597 } else if (qualifier == 'h') {
2608 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR;
2609 return ++fmt - start;
2612 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_STR;
2613 return ++fmt - start;
2616 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTR;
2617 return ++fmt - start;
2620 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR;
2621 return ++fmt - start;
2623 /* integer number formats - set up the flags and "break" */
2629 spec->flags |= SMALL;
2638 spec->flags |= SIGN;
2645 * Since %n poses a greater security risk than
2646 * utility, treat it as any other invalid or
2647 * unsupported format specifier.
2652 WARN_ONCE(1, "Please remove unsupported %%%c in format string\n", *fmt);
2653 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID;
2657 if (qualifier == 'L')
2658 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG;
2659 else if (qualifier == 'l') {
2660 BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_LONG);
2661 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2662 } else if (qualifier == 'z') {
2663 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T;
2664 } else if (qualifier == 't') {
2665 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF;
2666 } else if (qualifier == 'H') {
2667 BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE);
2668 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2669 } else if (qualifier == 'h') {
2670 BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT);
2671 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2673 BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_UINT + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_INT);
2674 spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_UINT + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2677 return ++fmt - start;
2681 set_field_width(struct printf_spec *spec, int width)
2683 spec->field_width = width;
2684 if (WARN_ONCE(spec->field_width != width, "field width %d too large", width)) {
2685 spec->field_width = clamp(width, -FIELD_WIDTH_MAX, FIELD_WIDTH_MAX);
2690 set_precision(struct printf_spec *spec, int prec)
2692 spec->precision = prec;
2693 if (WARN_ONCE(spec->precision != prec, "precision %d too large", prec)) {
2694 spec->precision = clamp(prec, 0, PRECISION_MAX);
2699 * vsnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2700 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2701 * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2702 * @fmt: The format string to use
2703 * @args: Arguments for the format string
2705 * This function generally follows C99 vsnprintf, but has some
2706 * extensions and a few limitations:
2708 * - ``%n`` is unsupported
2709 * - ``%p*`` is handled by pointer()
2711 * See pointer() or Documentation/core-api/printk-formats.rst for more
2712 * extensive description.
2714 * **Please update the documentation in both places when making changes**
2716 * The return value is the number of characters which would
2717 * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing
2718 * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact
2719 * number of characters written into @buf as return value
2720 * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the
2721 * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting
2722 * string is truncated.
2724 * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using snprintf().
2726 int vsnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2728 unsigned long long num;
2730 struct printf_spec spec = {0};
2732 /* Reject out-of-range values early. Large positive sizes are
2733 used for unknown buffer sizes. */
2734 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(size > INT_MAX))
2740 /* Make sure end is always >= buf */
2747 const char *old_fmt = fmt;
2748 int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
2752 switch (spec.type) {
2753 case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE: {
2756 if (copy > end - str)
2758 memcpy(str, old_fmt, copy);
2764 case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
2765 set_field_width(&spec, va_arg(args, int));
2768 case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
2769 set_precision(&spec, va_arg(args, int));
2772 case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR: {
2775 if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
2776 while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
2783 c = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int);
2787 while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
2795 case FORMAT_TYPE_STR:
2796 str = string(str, end, va_arg(args, char *), spec);
2799 case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
2800 str = pointer(fmt, str, end, va_arg(args, void *),
2802 while (isalnum(*fmt))
2806 case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
2812 case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
2814 * Presumably the arguments passed gcc's type
2815 * checking, but there is no safe or sane way
2816 * for us to continue parsing the format and
2817 * fetching from the va_list; the remaining
2818 * specifiers and arguments would be out of
2824 switch (spec.type) {
2825 case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
2826 num = va_arg(args, long long);
2828 case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
2829 num = va_arg(args, unsigned long);
2831 case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
2832 num = va_arg(args, long);
2834 case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
2835 if (spec.flags & SIGN)
2836 num = va_arg(args, ssize_t);
2838 num = va_arg(args, size_t);
2840 case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
2841 num = va_arg(args, ptrdiff_t);
2843 case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
2844 num = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int);
2846 case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
2847 num = (signed char) va_arg(args, int);
2849 case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
2850 num = (unsigned short) va_arg(args, int);
2852 case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
2853 num = (short) va_arg(args, int);
2855 case FORMAT_TYPE_INT:
2856 num = (int) va_arg(args, int);
2859 num = va_arg(args, unsigned int);
2862 str = number(str, end, num, spec);
2874 /* the trailing null byte doesn't count towards the total */
2878 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsnprintf);
2881 * vscnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2882 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2883 * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2884 * @fmt: The format string to use
2885 * @args: Arguments for the format string
2887 * The return value is the number of characters which have been written into
2888 * the @buf not including the trailing '\0'. If @size is == 0 the function
2891 * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using scnprintf().
2893 * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2895 int vscnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2899 if (unlikely(!size))
2902 i = vsnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
2904 if (likely(i < size))
2909 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vscnprintf);
2912 * snprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2913 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2914 * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2915 * @fmt: The format string to use
2916 * @...: Arguments for the format string
2918 * The return value is the number of characters which would be
2919 * generated for the given input, excluding the trailing null,
2920 * as per ISO C99. If the return is greater than or equal to
2921 * @size, the resulting string is truncated.
2923 * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2925 int snprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
2930 va_start(args, fmt);
2931 i = vsnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
2936 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snprintf);
2939 * scnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2940 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2941 * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2942 * @fmt: The format string to use
2943 * @...: Arguments for the format string
2945 * The return value is the number of characters written into @buf not including
2946 * the trailing '\0'. If @size is == 0 the function returns 0.
2949 int scnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
2954 va_start(args, fmt);
2955 i = vscnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
2960 EXPORT_SYMBOL(scnprintf);
2963 * vsprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2964 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2965 * @fmt: The format string to use
2966 * @args: Arguments for the format string
2968 * The function returns the number of characters written
2969 * into @buf. Use vsnprintf() or vscnprintf() in order to avoid
2972 * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using sprintf().
2974 * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2976 int vsprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2978 return vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
2980 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsprintf);
2983 * sprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2984 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2985 * @fmt: The format string to use
2986 * @...: Arguments for the format string
2988 * The function returns the number of characters written
2989 * into @buf. Use snprintf() or scnprintf() in order to avoid
2992 * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2994 int sprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
2999 va_start(args, fmt);
3000 i = vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
3005 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sprintf);
3007 #ifdef CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF
3010 * vbin_printf() - VA arguments to binary data
3011 * bstr_printf() - Binary data to text string
3015 * vbin_printf - Parse a format string and place args' binary value in a buffer
3016 * @bin_buf: The buffer to place args' binary value
3017 * @size: The size of the buffer(by words(32bits), not characters)
3018 * @fmt: The format string to use
3019 * @args: Arguments for the format string
3021 * The format follows C99 vsnprintf, except %n is ignored, and its argument
3024 * The return value is the number of words(32bits) which would be generated for
3028 * If the return value is greater than @size, the resulting bin_buf is NOT
3029 * valid for bstr_printf().
3031 int vbin_printf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
3033 struct printf_spec spec = {0};
3037 str = (char *)bin_buf;
3038 end = (char *)(bin_buf + size);
3040 #define save_arg(type) \
3042 unsigned long long value; \
3043 if (sizeof(type) == 8) { \
3044 unsigned long long val8; \
3045 str = PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(u32)); \
3046 val8 = va_arg(args, unsigned long long); \
3047 if (str + sizeof(type) <= end) { \
3048 *(u32 *)str = *(u32 *)&val8; \
3049 *(u32 *)(str + 4) = *((u32 *)&val8 + 1); \
3053 unsigned int val4; \
3054 str = PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(type)); \
3055 val4 = va_arg(args, int); \
3056 if (str + sizeof(type) <= end) \
3057 *(typeof(type) *)str = (type)(long)val4; \
3058 value = (unsigned long long)val4; \
3060 str += sizeof(type); \
3065 int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
3069 switch (spec.type) {
3070 case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE:
3071 case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
3073 case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
3076 case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
3077 case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
3078 width = (int)save_arg(int);
3079 /* Pointers may require the width */
3081 set_field_width(&spec, width);
3084 case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR:
3088 case FORMAT_TYPE_STR: {
3089 const char *save_str = va_arg(args, char *);
3090 const char *err_msg;
3093 err_msg = check_pointer_msg(save_str);
3097 len = strlen(save_str) + 1;
3098 if (str + len < end)
3099 memcpy(str, save_str, len);
3104 case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
3105 /* Dereferenced pointers must be done now */
3107 /* Dereference of functions is still OK */
3116 if (!isalnum(*fmt)) {
3120 str = pointer(fmt, str, end, va_arg(args, void *),
3125 end[-1] = '\0'; /* Must be nul terminated */
3127 /* skip all alphanumeric pointer suffixes */
3128 while (isalnum(*fmt))
3133 switch (spec.type) {
3135 case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
3136 save_arg(long long);
3138 case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
3139 case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
3140 save_arg(unsigned long);
3142 case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
3145 case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
3146 save_arg(ptrdiff_t);
3148 case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
3149 case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
3152 case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
3153 case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
3163 return (u32 *)(PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(u32))) - bin_buf;
3166 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vbin_printf);
3169 * bstr_printf - Format a string from binary arguments and place it in a buffer
3170 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
3171 * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
3172 * @fmt: The format string to use
3173 * @bin_buf: Binary arguments for the format string
3175 * This function like C99 vsnprintf, but the difference is that vsnprintf gets
3176 * arguments from stack, and bstr_printf gets arguments from @bin_buf which is
3177 * a binary buffer that generated by vbin_printf.
3179 * The format follows C99 vsnprintf, but has some extensions:
3180 * see vsnprintf comment for details.
3182 * The return value is the number of characters which would
3183 * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing
3184 * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact
3185 * number of characters written into @buf as return value
3186 * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the
3187 * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting
3188 * string is truncated.
3190 int bstr_printf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, const u32 *bin_buf)
3192 struct printf_spec spec = {0};
3194 const char *args = (const char *)bin_buf;
3196 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(size > INT_MAX))
3202 #define get_arg(type) \
3204 typeof(type) value; \
3205 if (sizeof(type) == 8) { \
3206 args = PTR_ALIGN(args, sizeof(u32)); \
3207 *(u32 *)&value = *(u32 *)args; \
3208 *((u32 *)&value + 1) = *(u32 *)(args + 4); \
3210 args = PTR_ALIGN(args, sizeof(type)); \
3211 value = *(typeof(type) *)args; \
3213 args += sizeof(type); \
3217 /* Make sure end is always >= buf */
3224 const char *old_fmt = fmt;
3225 int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
3229 switch (spec.type) {
3230 case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE: {
3233 if (copy > end - str)
3235 memcpy(str, old_fmt, copy);
3241 case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
3242 set_field_width(&spec, get_arg(int));
3245 case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
3246 set_precision(&spec, get_arg(int));
3249 case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR: {
3252 if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
3253 while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
3259 c = (unsigned char) get_arg(char);
3263 while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
3271 case FORMAT_TYPE_STR: {
3272 const char *str_arg = args;
3273 args += strlen(str_arg) + 1;
3274 str = string(str, end, (char *)str_arg, spec);
3278 case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR: {
3279 bool process = false;
3281 /* Non function dereferences were already done */
3291 if (!isalnum(*fmt)) {
3295 /* Pointer dereference was already processed */
3297 len = copy = strlen(args);
3298 if (copy > end - str)
3300 memcpy(str, args, copy);
3306 str = pointer(fmt, str, end, get_arg(void *), spec);
3308 while (isalnum(*fmt))
3313 case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
3319 case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
3323 unsigned long long num;
3325 switch (spec.type) {
3327 case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
3328 num = get_arg(long long);
3330 case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
3331 case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
3332 num = get_arg(unsigned long);
3334 case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
3335 num = get_arg(size_t);
3337 case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
3338 num = get_arg(ptrdiff_t);
3340 case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
3341 num = get_arg(unsigned char);
3343 case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
3344 num = get_arg(signed char);
3346 case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
3347 num = get_arg(unsigned short);
3349 case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
3350 num = get_arg(short);
3352 case FORMAT_TYPE_UINT:
3353 num = get_arg(unsigned int);
3359 str = number(str, end, num, spec);
3361 } /* switch(spec.type) */
3374 /* the trailing null byte doesn't count towards the total */
3377 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bstr_printf);
3380 * bprintf - Parse a format string and place args' binary value in a buffer
3381 * @bin_buf: The buffer to place args' binary value
3382 * @size: The size of the buffer(by words(32bits), not characters)
3383 * @fmt: The format string to use
3384 * @...: Arguments for the format string
3386 * The function returns the number of words(u32) written
3389 int bprintf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
3394 va_start(args, fmt);
3395 ret = vbin_printf(bin_buf, size, fmt, args);
3400 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bprintf);
3402 #endif /* CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF */
3405 * vsscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
3406 * @buf: input buffer
3407 * @fmt: format of buffer
3410 int vsscanf(const char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
3412 const char *str = buf;
3420 unsigned long long u;
3426 /* skip any white space in format */
3427 /* white space in format matches any amount of
3428 * white space, including none, in the input.
3430 if (isspace(*fmt)) {
3431 fmt = skip_spaces(++fmt);
3432 str = skip_spaces(str);
3435 /* anything that is not a conversion must match exactly */
3436 if (*fmt != '%' && *fmt) {
3437 if (*fmt++ != *str++)
3446 /* skip this conversion.
3447 * advance both strings to next white space
3452 while (!isspace(*fmt) && *fmt != '%' && *fmt) {
3453 /* '%*[' not yet supported, invalid format */
3458 while (!isspace(*str) && *str)
3463 /* get field width */
3465 if (isdigit(*fmt)) {
3466 field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);
3467 if (field_width <= 0)
3471 /* get conversion qualifier */
3473 if (*fmt == 'h' || _tolower(*fmt) == 'l' ||
3476 if (unlikely(qualifier == *fmt)) {
3477 if (qualifier == 'h') {
3480 } else if (qualifier == 'l') {
3491 /* return number of characters read so far */
3492 *va_arg(args, int *) = str - buf;
3506 char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char*);
3507 if (field_width == -1)
3511 } while (--field_width > 0 && *str);
3517 char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char *);
3518 if (field_width == -1)
3519 field_width = SHRT_MAX;
3520 /* first, skip leading white space in buffer */
3521 str = skip_spaces(str);
3523 /* now copy until next white space */
3524 while (*str && !isspace(*str) && field_width--)
3531 * Warning: This implementation of the '[' conversion specifier
3532 * deviates from its glibc counterpart in the following ways:
3533 * (1) It does NOT support ranges i.e. '-' is NOT a special
3535 * (2) It cannot match the closing bracket ']' itself
3536 * (3) A field width is required
3537 * (4) '%*[' (discard matching input) is currently not supported
3540 * ret = sscanf("00:0a:95","%2[^:]:%2[^:]:%2[^:]",
3541 * buf1, buf2, buf3);
3547 char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char *);
3548 DECLARE_BITMAP(set, 256) = {0};
3549 unsigned int len = 0;
3550 bool negate = (*fmt == '^');
3552 /* field width is required */
3553 if (field_width == -1)
3559 for ( ; *fmt && *fmt != ']'; ++fmt, ++len)
3560 __set_bit((u8)*fmt, set);
3562 /* no ']' or no character set found */
3568 bitmap_complement(set, set, 256);
3569 /* exclude null '\0' byte */
3570 __clear_bit(0, set);
3573 /* match must be non-empty */
3574 if (!test_bit((u8)*str, set))
3577 while (test_bit((u8)*str, set) && field_width--)
3599 /* looking for '%' in str */
3604 /* invalid format; stop here */
3608 /* have some sort of integer conversion.
3609 * first, skip white space in buffer.
3611 str = skip_spaces(str);
3614 if (is_sign && digit == '-') {
3615 if (field_width == 1)
3622 || (base == 16 && !isxdigit(digit))
3623 || (base == 10 && !isdigit(digit))
3624 || (base == 8 && (!isdigit(digit) || digit > '7'))
3625 || (base == 0 && !isdigit(digit)))
3629 val.s = simple_strntoll(str,
3630 field_width >= 0 ? field_width : INT_MAX,
3633 val.u = simple_strntoull(str,
3634 field_width >= 0 ? field_width : INT_MAX,
3637 switch (qualifier) {
3638 case 'H': /* that's 'hh' in format */
3640 *va_arg(args, signed char *) = val.s;
3642 *va_arg(args, unsigned char *) = val.u;
3646 *va_arg(args, short *) = val.s;
3648 *va_arg(args, unsigned short *) = val.u;
3652 *va_arg(args, long *) = val.s;
3654 *va_arg(args, unsigned long *) = val.u;
3658 *va_arg(args, long long *) = val.s;
3660 *va_arg(args, unsigned long long *) = val.u;
3663 *va_arg(args, size_t *) = val.u;
3667 *va_arg(args, int *) = val.s;
3669 *va_arg(args, unsigned int *) = val.u;
3681 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsscanf);
3684 * sscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
3685 * @buf: input buffer
3686 * @fmt: formatting of buffer
3687 * @...: resulting arguments
3689 int sscanf(const char *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
3694 va_start(args, fmt);
3695 i = vsscanf(buf, fmt, args);
3700 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sscanf);