1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * Test module to generate lockups
5 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
7 #include <linux/kernel.h>
8 #include <linux/module.h>
9 #include <linux/delay.h>
10 #include <linux/sched.h>
11 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
12 #include <linux/sched/clock.h>
13 #include <linux/cpu.h>
14 #include <linux/nmi.h>
16 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
17 #include <linux/file.h>
19 static unsigned int time_secs;
20 module_param(time_secs, uint, 0600);
21 MODULE_PARM_DESC(time_secs, "lockup time in seconds, default 0");
23 static unsigned int time_nsecs;
24 module_param(time_nsecs, uint, 0600);
25 MODULE_PARM_DESC(time_nsecs, "nanoseconds part of lockup time, default 0");
27 static unsigned int cooldown_secs;
28 module_param(cooldown_secs, uint, 0600);
29 MODULE_PARM_DESC(cooldown_secs, "cooldown time between iterations in seconds, default 0");
31 static unsigned int cooldown_nsecs;
32 module_param(cooldown_nsecs, uint, 0600);
33 MODULE_PARM_DESC(cooldown_nsecs, "nanoseconds part of cooldown, default 0");
35 static unsigned int iterations = 1;
36 module_param(iterations, uint, 0600);
37 MODULE_PARM_DESC(iterations, "lockup iterations, default 1");
40 module_param(all_cpus, bool, 0400);
41 MODULE_PARM_DESC(all_cpus, "trigger lockup at all cpus at once");
43 static int wait_state;
44 static char *state = "R";
45 module_param(state, charp, 0400);
46 MODULE_PARM_DESC(state, "wait in 'R' running (default), 'D' uninterruptible, 'K' killable, 'S' interruptible state");
48 static bool use_hrtimer;
49 module_param(use_hrtimer, bool, 0400);
50 MODULE_PARM_DESC(use_hrtimer, "use high-resolution timer for sleeping");
53 module_param(iowait, bool, 0400);
54 MODULE_PARM_DESC(iowait, "account sleep time as iowait");
56 static bool lock_read;
57 module_param(lock_read, bool, 0400);
58 MODULE_PARM_DESC(lock_read, "lock read-write locks for read");
60 static bool lock_single;
61 module_param(lock_single, bool, 0400);
62 MODULE_PARM_DESC(lock_single, "acquire locks only at one cpu");
64 static bool reacquire_locks;
65 module_param(reacquire_locks, bool, 0400);
66 MODULE_PARM_DESC(reacquire_locks, "release and reacquire locks/irq/preempt between iterations");
68 static bool touch_softlockup;
69 module_param(touch_softlockup, bool, 0600);
70 MODULE_PARM_DESC(touch_softlockup, "touch soft-lockup watchdog between iterations");
72 static bool touch_hardlockup;
73 module_param(touch_hardlockup, bool, 0600);
74 MODULE_PARM_DESC(touch_hardlockup, "touch hard-lockup watchdog between iterations");
76 static bool call_cond_resched;
77 module_param(call_cond_resched, bool, 0600);
78 MODULE_PARM_DESC(call_cond_resched, "call cond_resched() between iterations");
80 static bool measure_lock_wait;
81 module_param(measure_lock_wait, bool, 0400);
82 MODULE_PARM_DESC(measure_lock_wait, "measure lock wait time");
84 static unsigned long lock_wait_threshold = ULONG_MAX;
85 module_param(lock_wait_threshold, ulong, 0400);
86 MODULE_PARM_DESC(lock_wait_threshold, "print lock wait time longer than this in nanoseconds, default off");
88 static bool test_disable_irq;
89 module_param_named(disable_irq, test_disable_irq, bool, 0400);
90 MODULE_PARM_DESC(disable_irq, "disable interrupts: generate hard-lockups");
92 static bool disable_softirq;
93 module_param(disable_softirq, bool, 0400);
94 MODULE_PARM_DESC(disable_softirq, "disable bottom-half irq handlers");
96 static bool disable_preempt;
97 module_param(disable_preempt, bool, 0400);
98 MODULE_PARM_DESC(disable_preempt, "disable preemption: generate soft-lockups");
100 static bool lock_rcu;
101 module_param(lock_rcu, bool, 0400);
102 MODULE_PARM_DESC(lock_rcu, "grab rcu_read_lock: generate rcu stalls");
104 static bool lock_mmap_sem;
105 module_param(lock_mmap_sem, bool, 0400);
106 MODULE_PARM_DESC(lock_mmap_sem, "lock mm->mmap_lock: block procfs interfaces");
108 static unsigned long lock_rwsem_ptr;
109 module_param_unsafe(lock_rwsem_ptr, ulong, 0400);
110 MODULE_PARM_DESC(lock_rwsem_ptr, "lock rw_semaphore at address");
112 static unsigned long lock_mutex_ptr;
113 module_param_unsafe(lock_mutex_ptr, ulong, 0400);
114 MODULE_PARM_DESC(lock_mutex_ptr, "lock mutex at address");
116 static unsigned long lock_spinlock_ptr;
117 module_param_unsafe(lock_spinlock_ptr, ulong, 0400);
118 MODULE_PARM_DESC(lock_spinlock_ptr, "lock spinlock at address");
120 static unsigned long lock_rwlock_ptr;
121 module_param_unsafe(lock_rwlock_ptr, ulong, 0400);
122 MODULE_PARM_DESC(lock_rwlock_ptr, "lock rwlock at address");
124 static unsigned int alloc_pages_nr;
125 module_param_unsafe(alloc_pages_nr, uint, 0600);
126 MODULE_PARM_DESC(alloc_pages_nr, "allocate and free pages under locks");
128 static unsigned int alloc_pages_order;
129 module_param(alloc_pages_order, uint, 0400);
130 MODULE_PARM_DESC(alloc_pages_order, "page order to allocate");
132 static gfp_t alloc_pages_gfp = GFP_KERNEL;
133 module_param_unsafe(alloc_pages_gfp, uint, 0400);
134 MODULE_PARM_DESC(alloc_pages_gfp, "allocate pages with this gfp_mask, default GFP_KERNEL");
136 static bool alloc_pages_atomic;
137 module_param(alloc_pages_atomic, bool, 0400);
138 MODULE_PARM_DESC(alloc_pages_atomic, "allocate pages with GFP_ATOMIC");
140 static bool reallocate_pages;
141 module_param(reallocate_pages, bool, 0400);
142 MODULE_PARM_DESC(reallocate_pages, "free and allocate pages between iterations");
144 struct file *test_file;
145 static struct inode *test_inode;
146 static char test_file_path[256];
147 module_param_string(file_path, test_file_path, sizeof(test_file_path), 0400);
148 MODULE_PARM_DESC(file_path, "file path to test");
150 static bool test_lock_inode;
151 module_param_named(lock_inode, test_lock_inode, bool, 0400);
152 MODULE_PARM_DESC(lock_inode, "lock file -> inode -> i_rwsem");
154 static bool test_lock_mapping;
155 module_param_named(lock_mapping, test_lock_mapping, bool, 0400);
156 MODULE_PARM_DESC(lock_mapping, "lock file -> mapping -> i_mmap_rwsem");
158 static bool test_lock_sb_umount;
159 module_param_named(lock_sb_umount, test_lock_sb_umount, bool, 0400);
160 MODULE_PARM_DESC(lock_sb_umount, "lock file -> sb -> s_umount");
162 static atomic_t alloc_pages_failed = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
164 static atomic64_t max_lock_wait = ATOMIC64_INIT(0);
166 static struct task_struct *main_task;
167 static int master_cpu;
169 static void test_lock(bool master, bool verbose)
173 if (measure_lock_wait)
174 wait_start = local_clock();
176 if (lock_mutex_ptr && master) {
178 pr_notice("lock mutex %ps\n", (void *)lock_mutex_ptr);
179 mutex_lock((struct mutex *)lock_mutex_ptr);
182 if (lock_rwsem_ptr && master) {
184 pr_notice("lock rw_semaphore %ps\n",
185 (void *)lock_rwsem_ptr);
187 down_read((struct rw_semaphore *)lock_rwsem_ptr);
189 down_write((struct rw_semaphore *)lock_rwsem_ptr);
192 if (lock_mmap_sem && master) {
194 pr_notice("lock mmap_lock pid=%d\n", main_task->pid);
196 mmap_read_lock(main_task->mm);
198 mmap_write_lock(main_task->mm);
201 if (test_disable_irq)
213 if (lock_spinlock_ptr && master) {
215 pr_notice("lock spinlock %ps\n",
216 (void *)lock_spinlock_ptr);
217 spin_lock((spinlock_t *)lock_spinlock_ptr);
220 if (lock_rwlock_ptr && master) {
222 pr_notice("lock rwlock %ps\n",
223 (void *)lock_rwlock_ptr);
225 read_lock((rwlock_t *)lock_rwlock_ptr);
227 write_lock((rwlock_t *)lock_rwlock_ptr);
230 if (measure_lock_wait) {
231 s64 cur_wait = local_clock() - wait_start;
232 s64 max_wait = atomic64_read(&max_lock_wait);
235 if (cur_wait < max_wait)
237 max_wait = atomic64_cmpxchg(&max_lock_wait,
239 } while (max_wait != cur_wait);
241 if (cur_wait > lock_wait_threshold)
242 pr_notice_ratelimited("lock wait %lld ns\n", cur_wait);
246 static void test_unlock(bool master, bool verbose)
248 if (lock_rwlock_ptr && master) {
250 read_unlock((rwlock_t *)lock_rwlock_ptr);
252 write_unlock((rwlock_t *)lock_rwlock_ptr);
254 pr_notice("unlock rwlock %ps\n",
255 (void *)lock_rwlock_ptr);
258 if (lock_spinlock_ptr && master) {
259 spin_unlock((spinlock_t *)lock_spinlock_ptr);
261 pr_notice("unlock spinlock %ps\n",
262 (void *)lock_spinlock_ptr);
274 if (test_disable_irq)
277 if (lock_mmap_sem && master) {
279 mmap_read_unlock(main_task->mm);
281 mmap_write_unlock(main_task->mm);
283 pr_notice("unlock mmap_lock pid=%d\n", main_task->pid);
286 if (lock_rwsem_ptr && master) {
288 up_read((struct rw_semaphore *)lock_rwsem_ptr);
290 up_write((struct rw_semaphore *)lock_rwsem_ptr);
292 pr_notice("unlock rw_semaphore %ps\n",
293 (void *)lock_rwsem_ptr);
296 if (lock_mutex_ptr && master) {
297 mutex_unlock((struct mutex *)lock_mutex_ptr);
299 pr_notice("unlock mutex %ps\n",
300 (void *)lock_mutex_ptr);
304 static void test_alloc_pages(struct list_head *pages)
309 for (i = 0; i < alloc_pages_nr; i++) {
310 page = alloc_pages(alloc_pages_gfp, alloc_pages_order);
312 atomic_inc(&alloc_pages_failed);
315 list_add(&page->lru, pages);
319 static void test_free_pages(struct list_head *pages)
321 struct page *page, *next;
323 list_for_each_entry_safe(page, next, pages, lru)
324 __free_pages(page, alloc_pages_order);
325 INIT_LIST_HEAD(pages);
328 static void test_wait(unsigned int secs, unsigned int nsecs)
330 if (wait_state == TASK_RUNNING) {
332 mdelay(secs * MSEC_PER_SEC);
338 __set_current_state(wait_state);
342 time = ns_to_ktime((u64)secs * NSEC_PER_SEC + nsecs);
343 schedule_hrtimeout(&time, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
345 schedule_timeout(secs * HZ + nsecs_to_jiffies(nsecs));
349 static void test_lockup(bool master)
351 u64 lockup_start = local_clock();
352 unsigned int iter = 0;
355 pr_notice("Start on CPU%d\n", raw_smp_processor_id());
357 test_lock(master, true);
359 test_alloc_pages(&pages);
361 while (iter++ < iterations && !signal_pending(main_task)) {
364 current->in_iowait = 1;
366 test_wait(time_secs, time_nsecs);
369 current->in_iowait = 0;
371 if (reallocate_pages)
372 test_free_pages(&pages);
375 test_unlock(master, false);
377 if (touch_softlockup)
378 touch_softlockup_watchdog();
380 if (touch_hardlockup)
381 touch_nmi_watchdog();
383 if (call_cond_resched)
386 test_wait(cooldown_secs, cooldown_nsecs);
389 test_lock(master, false);
391 if (reallocate_pages)
392 test_alloc_pages(&pages);
395 pr_notice("Finish on CPU%d in %lld ns\n", raw_smp_processor_id(),
396 local_clock() - lockup_start);
398 test_free_pages(&pages);
400 test_unlock(master, true);
403 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct work_struct, test_works);
405 static void test_work_fn(struct work_struct *work)
407 test_lockup(!lock_single ||
408 work == per_cpu_ptr(&test_works, master_cpu));
411 static bool test_kernel_ptr(unsigned long addr, int size)
413 void *ptr = (void *)addr;
419 /* should be at least readable kernel address */
420 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ALTERNATE_USER_ADDRESS_SPACE) &&
421 (access_ok((void __user *)ptr, 1) ||
422 access_ok((void __user *)ptr + size - 1, 1))) {
423 pr_err("user space ptr invalid in kernel: %#lx\n", addr);
427 if (get_kernel_nofault(buf, ptr) ||
428 get_kernel_nofault(buf, ptr + size - 1)) {
429 pr_err("invalid kernel ptr: %#lx\n", addr);
436 static bool __maybe_unused test_magic(unsigned long addr, int offset,
437 unsigned int expected)
439 void *ptr = (void *)addr + offset;
440 unsigned int magic = 0;
445 if (get_kernel_nofault(magic, ptr) || magic != expected) {
446 pr_err("invalid magic at %#lx + %#x = %#x, expected %#x\n",
447 addr, offset, magic, expected);
454 static int __init test_lockup_init(void)
456 u64 test_start = local_clock();
462 wait_state = TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE;
465 wait_state = TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE;
468 wait_state = TASK_KILLABLE;
471 wait_state = TASK_RUNNING;
474 pr_err("unknown state=%s\n", state);
478 if (alloc_pages_atomic)
479 alloc_pages_gfp = GFP_ATOMIC;
481 if (test_kernel_ptr(lock_spinlock_ptr, sizeof(spinlock_t)) ||
482 test_kernel_ptr(lock_rwlock_ptr, sizeof(rwlock_t)) ||
483 test_kernel_ptr(lock_mutex_ptr, sizeof(struct mutex)) ||
484 test_kernel_ptr(lock_rwsem_ptr, sizeof(struct rw_semaphore)))
487 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SPINLOCK
488 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT
489 if (test_magic(lock_spinlock_ptr,
490 offsetof(spinlock_t, lock.wait_lock.magic),
492 test_magic(lock_rwlock_ptr,
493 offsetof(rwlock_t, rwbase.rtmutex.wait_lock.magic),
495 test_magic(lock_mutex_ptr,
496 offsetof(struct mutex, rtmutex.wait_lock.magic),
498 test_magic(lock_rwsem_ptr,
499 offsetof(struct rw_semaphore, rwbase.rtmutex.wait_lock.magic),
503 if (test_magic(lock_spinlock_ptr,
504 offsetof(spinlock_t, rlock.magic),
506 test_magic(lock_rwlock_ptr,
507 offsetof(rwlock_t, magic),
509 test_magic(lock_mutex_ptr,
510 offsetof(struct mutex, wait_lock.magic),
512 test_magic(lock_rwsem_ptr,
513 offsetof(struct rw_semaphore, wait_lock.magic),
519 if ((wait_state != TASK_RUNNING ||
520 (call_cond_resched && !reacquire_locks) ||
521 (alloc_pages_nr && gfpflags_allow_blocking(alloc_pages_gfp))) &&
522 (test_disable_irq || disable_softirq || disable_preempt ||
523 lock_rcu || lock_spinlock_ptr || lock_rwlock_ptr)) {
524 pr_err("refuse to sleep in atomic context\n");
528 if (lock_mmap_sem && !main_task->mm) {
529 pr_err("no mm to lock mmap_lock\n");
533 if (test_file_path[0]) {
534 test_file = filp_open(test_file_path, O_RDONLY, 0);
535 if (IS_ERR(test_file)) {
536 pr_err("failed to open %s: %ld\n", test_file_path, PTR_ERR(test_file));
537 return PTR_ERR(test_file);
539 test_inode = file_inode(test_file);
540 } else if (test_lock_inode ||
542 test_lock_sb_umount) {
543 pr_err("no file to lock\n");
547 if (test_lock_inode && test_inode)
548 lock_rwsem_ptr = (unsigned long)&test_inode->i_rwsem;
550 if (test_lock_mapping && test_file && test_file->f_mapping)
551 lock_rwsem_ptr = (unsigned long)&test_file->f_mapping->i_mmap_rwsem;
553 if (test_lock_sb_umount && test_inode)
554 lock_rwsem_ptr = (unsigned long)&test_inode->i_sb->s_umount;
556 pr_notice("START pid=%d time=%u +%u ns cooldown=%u +%u ns iterations=%u state=%s %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
557 main_task->pid, time_secs, time_nsecs,
558 cooldown_secs, cooldown_nsecs, iterations, state,
559 all_cpus ? "all_cpus " : "",
560 iowait ? "iowait " : "",
561 test_disable_irq ? "disable_irq " : "",
562 disable_softirq ? "disable_softirq " : "",
563 disable_preempt ? "disable_preempt " : "",
564 lock_rcu ? "lock_rcu " : "",
565 lock_read ? "lock_read " : "",
566 touch_softlockup ? "touch_softlockup " : "",
567 touch_hardlockup ? "touch_hardlockup " : "",
568 call_cond_resched ? "call_cond_resched " : "",
569 reacquire_locks ? "reacquire_locks " : "");
572 pr_notice("ALLOCATE PAGES nr=%u order=%u gfp=%pGg %s\n",
573 alloc_pages_nr, alloc_pages_order, &alloc_pages_gfp,
574 reallocate_pages ? "reallocate_pages " : "");
582 master_cpu = smp_processor_id();
583 for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
584 INIT_WORK(per_cpu_ptr(&test_works, cpu), test_work_fn);
585 queue_work_on(cpu, system_highpri_wq,
586 per_cpu_ptr(&test_works, cpu));
590 for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
591 flush_work(per_cpu_ptr(&test_works, cpu));
598 if (measure_lock_wait)
599 pr_notice("Maximum lock wait: %lld ns\n",
600 atomic64_read(&max_lock_wait));
603 pr_notice("Page allocation failed %u times\n",
604 atomic_read(&alloc_pages_failed));
606 pr_notice("FINISH in %llu ns\n", local_clock() - test_start);
611 if (signal_pending(main_task))
616 module_init(test_lockup_init);
618 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
619 MODULE_AUTHOR("Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>");
620 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Test module to generate lockups");