1 /********************************************************************
3 * THIS FILE IS PART OF THE OggVorbis SOFTWARE CODEC SOURCE CODE. *
4 * USE, DISTRIBUTION AND REPRODUCTION OF THIS LIBRARY SOURCE IS *
5 * GOVERNED BY A BSD-STYLE SOURCE LICENSE INCLUDED WITH THIS SOURCE *
6 * IN 'COPYING'. PLEASE READ THESE TERMS BEFORE DISTRIBUTING. *
8 * THE OggVorbis SOURCE CODE IS (C) COPYRIGHT 1994-2009 *
9 * by the Xiph.Org Foundation http://www.xiph.org/ *
11 ********************************************************************
13 function: basic shared codebook operations
16 ********************************************************************/
24 #include "vorbis/codec.h"
28 /**** pack/unpack helpers ******************************************/
29 int _ilog(unsigned int v){
38 /* 32 bit float (not IEEE; nonnormalized mantissa +
39 biased exponent) : neeeeeee eeemmmmm mmmmmmmm mmmmmmmm
40 Why not IEEE? It's just not that important here. */
44 #define VQ_FEXP_BIAS 768 /* bias toward values smaller than 1. */
46 /* doesn't currently guard under/overflow */
47 long _float32_pack(float val){
55 exp= floor(log(val)/log(2.f)+.001); //+epsilon
56 mant=rint(ldexp(val,(VQ_FMAN-1)-exp));
57 exp=(exp+VQ_FEXP_BIAS)<<VQ_FMAN;
59 return(sign|exp|mant);
62 float _float32_unpack(long val){
63 double mant=val&0x1fffff;
64 int sign=val&0x80000000;
65 long exp =(val&0x7fe00000L)>>VQ_FMAN;
67 return(ldexp(mant,exp-(VQ_FMAN-1)-VQ_FEXP_BIAS));
70 /* given a list of word lengths, generate a list of codewords. Works
71 for length ordered or unordered, always assigns the lowest valued
72 codewords first. Extended to handle unused entries (length 0) */
73 ogg_uint32_t *_make_words(long *l,long n,long sparsecount){
75 ogg_uint32_t marker[33];
76 ogg_uint32_t *r=_ogg_malloc((sparsecount?sparsecount:n)*sizeof(*r));
77 memset(marker,0,sizeof(marker));
82 ogg_uint32_t entry=marker[length];
84 /* when we claim a node for an entry, we also claim the nodes
85 below it (pruning off the imagined tree that may have dangled
86 from it) as well as blocking the use of any nodes directly
90 if(length<32 && (entry>>length)){
91 /* error condition; the lengths must specify an overpopulated tree */
97 /* Look to see if the next shorter marker points to the node
98 above. if so, update it and repeat. */
100 for(j=length;j>0;j--){
103 /* have to jump branches */
107 marker[j]=marker[j-1]<<1;
108 break; /* invariant says next upper marker would already
109 have been moved if it was on the same path */
115 /* prune the tree; the implicit invariant says all the longer
116 markers were dangling from our just-taken node. Dangle them
117 from our *new* node. */
118 for(j=length+1;j<33;j++)
119 if((marker[j]>>1) == entry){
121 marker[j]=marker[j-1]<<1;
125 if(sparsecount==0)count++;
128 /* sanity check the huffman tree; an underpopulated tree must be
129 rejected. The only exception is the one-node pseudo-nil tree,
130 which appears to be underpopulated because the tree doesn't
131 really exist; there's only one possible 'codeword' or zero bits,
132 but the above tree-gen code doesn't mark that. */
133 if(sparsecount != 1){
135 if(marker[i] & (0xffffffffUL>>(32-i))){
141 /* bitreverse the words because our bitwise packer/unpacker is LSb
143 for(i=0,count=0;i<n;i++){
147 temp|=(r[count]>>j)&1;
160 /* there might be a straightforward one-line way to do the below
161 that's portable and totally safe against roundoff, but I haven't
162 thought of it. Therefore, we opt on the side of caution */
163 long _book_maptype1_quantvals(const static_codebook *b){
164 long vals=floor(pow((float)b->entries,1.f/b->dim));
166 /* the above *should* be reliable, but we'll not assume that FP is
167 ever reliable when bitstream sync is at stake; verify via integer
168 means that vals really is the greatest value of dim for which
169 vals^b->bim <= b->entries */
170 /* treat the above as an initial guess */
175 for(i=0;i<b->dim;i++){
179 if(acc<=b->entries && acc1>b->entries){
191 /* unpack the quantized list of values for encode/decode ***********/
192 /* we need to deal with two map types: in map type 1, the values are
193 generated algorithmically (each column of the vector counts through
194 the values in the quant vector). in map type 2, all the values came
195 in in an explicit list. Both value lists must be unpacked */
196 float *_book_unquantize(const static_codebook *b,int n,int *sparsemap){
198 if(b->maptype==1 || b->maptype==2){
200 float mindel=_float32_unpack(b->q_min);
201 float delta=_float32_unpack(b->q_delta);
202 float *r=_ogg_calloc(n*b->dim,sizeof(*r));
204 /* maptype 1 and 2 both use a quantized value vector, but
208 /* most of the time, entries%dimensions == 0, but we need to be
209 well defined. We define that the possible vales at each
210 scalar is values == entries/dim. If entries%dim != 0, we'll
211 have 'too few' values (values*dim<entries), which means that
212 we'll have 'left over' entries; left over entries use zeroed
213 values (and are wasted). So don't generate codebooks like
215 quantvals=_book_maptype1_quantvals(b);
216 for(j=0;j<b->entries;j++){
217 if((sparsemap && b->lengthlist[j]) || !sparsemap){
220 for(k=0;k<b->dim;k++){
221 int index= (j/indexdiv)%quantvals;
222 float val=b->quantlist[index];
223 val=fabs(val)*delta+mindel+last;
224 if(b->q_sequencep)last=val;
226 r[sparsemap[count]*b->dim+k]=val;
228 r[count*b->dim+k]=val;
237 for(j=0;j<b->entries;j++){
238 if((sparsemap && b->lengthlist[j]) || !sparsemap){
241 for(k=0;k<b->dim;k++){
242 float val=b->quantlist[j*b->dim+k];
243 val=fabs(val)*delta+mindel+last;
244 if(b->q_sequencep)last=val;
246 r[sparsemap[count]*b->dim+k]=val;
248 r[count*b->dim+k]=val;
261 void vorbis_staticbook_destroy(static_codebook *b){
263 if(b->quantlist)_ogg_free(b->quantlist);
264 if(b->lengthlist)_ogg_free(b->lengthlist);
265 memset(b,0,sizeof(*b));
267 } /* otherwise, it is in static memory */
270 void vorbis_book_clear(codebook *b){
271 /* static book is not cleared; we're likely called on the lookup and
272 the static codebook belongs to the info struct */
273 if(b->valuelist)_ogg_free(b->valuelist);
274 if(b->codelist)_ogg_free(b->codelist);
276 if(b->dec_index)_ogg_free(b->dec_index);
277 if(b->dec_codelengths)_ogg_free(b->dec_codelengths);
278 if(b->dec_firsttable)_ogg_free(b->dec_firsttable);
280 memset(b,0,sizeof(*b));
283 int vorbis_book_init_encode(codebook *c,const static_codebook *s){
285 memset(c,0,sizeof(*c));
287 c->entries=s->entries;
288 c->used_entries=s->entries;
290 c->codelist=_make_words(s->lengthlist,s->entries,0);
291 //c->valuelist=_book_unquantize(s,s->entries,NULL);
292 c->quantvals=_book_maptype1_quantvals(s);
293 c->minval=(int)rint(_float32_unpack(s->q_min));
294 c->delta=(int)rint(_float32_unpack(s->q_delta));
299 static ogg_uint32_t bitreverse(ogg_uint32_t x){
300 x= ((x>>16)&0x0000ffffUL) | ((x<<16)&0xffff0000UL);
301 x= ((x>> 8)&0x00ff00ffUL) | ((x<< 8)&0xff00ff00UL);
302 x= ((x>> 4)&0x0f0f0f0fUL) | ((x<< 4)&0xf0f0f0f0UL);
303 x= ((x>> 2)&0x33333333UL) | ((x<< 2)&0xccccccccUL);
304 return((x>> 1)&0x55555555UL) | ((x<< 1)&0xaaaaaaaaUL);
307 static int sort32a(const void *a,const void *b){
308 return ( **(ogg_uint32_t **)a>**(ogg_uint32_t **)b)-
309 ( **(ogg_uint32_t **)a<**(ogg_uint32_t **)b);
312 /* decode codebook arrangement is more heavily optimized than encode */
313 int vorbis_book_init_decode(codebook *c,const static_codebook *s){
316 memset(c,0,sizeof(*c));
318 /* count actually used entries */
319 for(i=0;i<s->entries;i++)
320 if(s->lengthlist[i]>0)
323 c->entries=s->entries;
329 /* two different remappings go on here.
331 First, we collapse the likely sparse codebook down only to
332 actually represented values/words. This collapsing needs to be
333 indexed as map-valueless books are used to encode original entry
334 positions as integers.
336 Second, we reorder all vectors, including the entry index above,
337 by sorted bitreversed codeword to allow treeless decode. */
340 ogg_uint32_t *codes=_make_words(s->lengthlist,s->entries,c->used_entries);
341 ogg_uint32_t **codep=alloca(sizeof(*codep)*n);
343 if(codes==NULL)goto err_out;
346 codes[i]=bitreverse(codes[i]);
350 qsort(codep,n,sizeof(*codep),sort32a);
352 sortindex=alloca(n*sizeof(*sortindex));
353 c->codelist=_ogg_malloc(n*sizeof(*c->codelist));
354 /* the index is a reverse index */
356 int position=codep[i]-codes;
357 sortindex[position]=i;
361 c->codelist[sortindex[i]]=codes[i];
365 c->valuelist=_book_unquantize(s,n,sortindex);
366 c->dec_index=_ogg_malloc(n*sizeof(*c->dec_index));
368 for(n=0,i=0;i<s->entries;i++)
369 if(s->lengthlist[i]>0)
370 c->dec_index[sortindex[n++]]=i;
372 c->dec_codelengths=_ogg_malloc(n*sizeof(*c->dec_codelengths));
373 for(n=0,i=0;i<s->entries;i++)
374 if(s->lengthlist[i]>0)
375 c->dec_codelengths[sortindex[n++]]=s->lengthlist[i];
377 c->dec_firsttablen=_ilog(c->used_entries)-4; /* this is magic */
378 if(c->dec_firsttablen<5)c->dec_firsttablen=5;
379 if(c->dec_firsttablen>8)c->dec_firsttablen=8;
381 tabn=1<<c->dec_firsttablen;
382 c->dec_firsttable=_ogg_calloc(tabn,sizeof(*c->dec_firsttable));
386 if(c->dec_maxlength<c->dec_codelengths[i])
387 c->dec_maxlength=c->dec_codelengths[i];
388 if(c->dec_codelengths[i]<=c->dec_firsttablen){
389 ogg_uint32_t orig=bitreverse(c->codelist[i]);
390 for(j=0;j<(1<<(c->dec_firsttablen-c->dec_codelengths[i]));j++)
391 c->dec_firsttable[orig|(j<<c->dec_codelengths[i])]=i+1;
395 /* now fill in 'unused' entries in the firsttable with hi/lo search
396 hints for the non-direct-hits */
398 ogg_uint32_t mask=0xfffffffeUL<<(31-c->dec_firsttablen);
402 ogg_uint32_t word=i<<(32-c->dec_firsttablen);
403 if(c->dec_firsttable[bitreverse(word)]==0){
404 while((lo+1)<n && c->codelist[lo+1]<=word)lo++;
405 while( hi<n && word>=(c->codelist[hi]&mask))hi++;
407 /* we only actually have 15 bits per hint to play with here.
408 In order to overflow gracefully (nothing breaks, efficiency
409 just drops), encode as the difference from the extremes. */
411 unsigned long loval=lo;
412 unsigned long hival=n-hi;
414 if(loval>0x7fff)loval=0x7fff;
415 if(hival>0x7fff)hival=0x7fff;
416 c->dec_firsttable[bitreverse(word)]=
417 0x80000000UL | (loval<<15) | hival;
426 vorbis_book_clear(c);
430 long vorbis_book_codeword(codebook *book,int entry){
431 if(book->c) /* only use with encode; decode optimizations are
432 allowed to break this */
433 return book->codelist[entry];
437 long vorbis_book_codelen(codebook *book,int entry){
438 if(book->c) /* only use with encode; decode optimizations are
439 allowed to break this */
440 return book->c->lengthlist[entry];
446 /* Unit tests of the dequantizer; this stuff will be OK
447 cross-platform, I simply want to be sure that special mapping cases
448 actually work properly; a bug could go unnoticed for a while */
455 full, explicit mapping
462 static long full_quantlist1[]={0,1,2,3, 4,5,6,7, 8,3,6,1};
463 static long partial_quantlist1[]={0,7,2};
466 static_codebook test1={
474 static float *test1_result=NULL;
476 /* linear, full mapping, nonsequential */
477 static_codebook test2={
481 -533200896,1611661312,4,0,
485 static float test2_result[]={-3,-2,-1,0, 1,2,3,4, 5,0,3,-2};
487 /* linear, full mapping, sequential */
488 static_codebook test3={
492 -533200896,1611661312,4,1,
496 static float test3_result[]={-3,-5,-6,-6, 1,3,6,10, 5,5,8,6};
498 /* linear, algorithmic mapping, nonsequential */
499 static_codebook test4={
503 -533200896,1611661312,4,0,
507 static float test4_result[]={-3,-3,-3, 4,-3,-3, -1,-3,-3,
508 -3, 4,-3, 4, 4,-3, -1, 4,-3,
509 -3,-1,-3, 4,-1,-3, -1,-1,-3,
510 -3,-3, 4, 4,-3, 4, -1,-3, 4,
511 -3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, -1, 4, 4,
512 -3,-1, 4, 4,-1, 4, -1,-1, 4,
513 -3,-3,-1, 4,-3,-1, -1,-3,-1,
514 -3, 4,-1, 4, 4,-1, -1, 4,-1,
515 -3,-1,-1, 4,-1,-1, -1,-1,-1};
517 /* linear, algorithmic mapping, sequential */
518 static_codebook test5={
522 -533200896,1611661312,4,1,
526 static float test5_result[]={-3,-6,-9, 4, 1,-2, -1,-4,-7,
527 -3, 1,-2, 4, 8, 5, -1, 3, 0,
528 -3,-4,-7, 4, 3, 0, -1,-2,-5,
529 -3,-6,-2, 4, 1, 5, -1,-4, 0,
530 -3, 1, 5, 4, 8,12, -1, 3, 7,
531 -3,-4, 0, 4, 3, 7, -1,-2, 2,
532 -3,-6,-7, 4, 1, 0, -1,-4,-5,
533 -3, 1, 0, 4, 8, 7, -1, 3, 2,
534 -3,-4,-5, 4, 3, 2, -1,-2,-3};
536 void run_test(static_codebook *b,float *comp){
537 float *out=_book_unquantize(b,b->entries,NULL);
542 fprintf(stderr,"_book_unquantize incorrectly returned NULL\n");
546 for(i=0;i<b->entries*b->dim;i++)
547 if(fabs(out[i]-comp[i])>.0001){
548 fprintf(stderr,"disagreement in unquantized and reference data:\n"
549 "position %d, %g != %g\n",i,out[i],comp[i]);
555 fprintf(stderr,"_book_unquantize returned a value array: \n"
556 " correct result should have been NULL\n");
563 /* run the nine dequant tests, and compare to the hand-rolled results */
564 fprintf(stderr,"Dequant test 1... ");
565 run_test(&test1,test1_result);
566 fprintf(stderr,"OK\nDequant test 2... ");
567 run_test(&test2,test2_result);
568 fprintf(stderr,"OK\nDequant test 3... ");
569 run_test(&test3,test3_result);
570 fprintf(stderr,"OK\nDequant test 4... ");
571 run_test(&test4,test4_result);
572 fprintf(stderr,"OK\nDequant test 5... ");
573 run_test(&test5,test5_result);
574 fprintf(stderr,"OK\n\n");