Merge branches 'release' and 'hp-cid' into release
[platform/adaptation/renesas_rcar/renesas_kernel.git] / lib / radix-tree.c
1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2001 Momchil Velikov
3  * Portions Copyright (C) 2001 Christoph Hellwig
4  * Copyright (C) 2005 SGI, Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
5  * Copyright (C) 2006 Nick Piggin
6  *
7  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
9  * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at
10  * your option) any later version.
11  *
12  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
13  * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
15  * General Public License for more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19  * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
20  */
21
22 #include <linux/errno.h>
23 #include <linux/init.h>
24 #include <linux/kernel.h>
25 #include <linux/module.h>
26 #include <linux/radix-tree.h>
27 #include <linux/percpu.h>
28 #include <linux/slab.h>
29 #include <linux/notifier.h>
30 #include <linux/cpu.h>
31 #include <linux/gfp.h>
32 #include <linux/string.h>
33 #include <linux/bitops.h>
34 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
35
36
37 #ifdef __KERNEL__
38 #define RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT    (CONFIG_BASE_SMALL ? 4 : 6)
39 #else
40 #define RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT    3       /* For more stressful testing */
41 #endif
42
43 #define RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE     (1UL << RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT)
44 #define RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK     (RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE-1)
45
46 #define RADIX_TREE_TAG_LONGS    \
47         ((RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE + BITS_PER_LONG - 1) / BITS_PER_LONG)
48
49 struct radix_tree_node {
50         unsigned int    height;         /* Height from the bottom */
51         unsigned int    count;
52         struct rcu_head rcu_head;
53         void            *slots[RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE];
54         unsigned long   tags[RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS][RADIX_TREE_TAG_LONGS];
55 };
56
57 struct radix_tree_path {
58         struct radix_tree_node *node;
59         int offset;
60 };
61
62 #define RADIX_TREE_INDEX_BITS  (8 /* CHAR_BIT */ * sizeof(unsigned long))
63 #define RADIX_TREE_MAX_PATH (DIV_ROUND_UP(RADIX_TREE_INDEX_BITS, \
64                                           RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT))
65
66 /*
67  * The height_to_maxindex array needs to be one deeper than the maximum
68  * path as height 0 holds only 1 entry.
69  */
70 static unsigned long height_to_maxindex[RADIX_TREE_MAX_PATH + 1] __read_mostly;
71
72 /*
73  * Radix tree node cache.
74  */
75 static struct kmem_cache *radix_tree_node_cachep;
76
77 /*
78  * Per-cpu pool of preloaded nodes
79  */
80 struct radix_tree_preload {
81         int nr;
82         struct radix_tree_node *nodes[RADIX_TREE_MAX_PATH];
83 };
84 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct radix_tree_preload, radix_tree_preloads) = { 0, };
85
86 static inline gfp_t root_gfp_mask(struct radix_tree_root *root)
87 {
88         return root->gfp_mask & __GFP_BITS_MASK;
89 }
90
91 /*
92  * This assumes that the caller has performed appropriate preallocation, and
93  * that the caller has pinned this thread of control to the current CPU.
94  */
95 static struct radix_tree_node *
96 radix_tree_node_alloc(struct radix_tree_root *root)
97 {
98         struct radix_tree_node *ret = NULL;
99         gfp_t gfp_mask = root_gfp_mask(root);
100
101         if (!(gfp_mask & __GFP_WAIT)) {
102                 struct radix_tree_preload *rtp;
103
104                 /*
105                  * Provided the caller has preloaded here, we will always
106                  * succeed in getting a node here (and never reach
107                  * kmem_cache_alloc)
108                  */
109                 rtp = &__get_cpu_var(radix_tree_preloads);
110                 if (rtp->nr) {
111                         ret = rtp->nodes[rtp->nr - 1];
112                         rtp->nodes[rtp->nr - 1] = NULL;
113                         rtp->nr--;
114                 }
115         }
116         if (ret == NULL)
117                 ret = kmem_cache_alloc(radix_tree_node_cachep,
118                                 set_migrateflags(gfp_mask, __GFP_RECLAIMABLE));
119
120         BUG_ON(radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(ret));
121         return ret;
122 }
123
124 static void radix_tree_node_rcu_free(struct rcu_head *head)
125 {
126         struct radix_tree_node *node =
127                         container_of(head, struct radix_tree_node, rcu_head);
128         kmem_cache_free(radix_tree_node_cachep, node);
129 }
130
131 static inline void
132 radix_tree_node_free(struct radix_tree_node *node)
133 {
134         call_rcu(&node->rcu_head, radix_tree_node_rcu_free);
135 }
136
137 /*
138  * Load up this CPU's radix_tree_node buffer with sufficient objects to
139  * ensure that the addition of a single element in the tree cannot fail.  On
140  * success, return zero, with preemption disabled.  On error, return -ENOMEM
141  * with preemption not disabled.
142  */
143 int radix_tree_preload(gfp_t gfp_mask)
144 {
145         struct radix_tree_preload *rtp;
146         struct radix_tree_node *node;
147         int ret = -ENOMEM;
148
149         preempt_disable();
150         rtp = &__get_cpu_var(radix_tree_preloads);
151         while (rtp->nr < ARRAY_SIZE(rtp->nodes)) {
152                 preempt_enable();
153                 node = kmem_cache_alloc(radix_tree_node_cachep,
154                                 set_migrateflags(gfp_mask, __GFP_RECLAIMABLE));
155                 if (node == NULL)
156                         goto out;
157                 preempt_disable();
158                 rtp = &__get_cpu_var(radix_tree_preloads);
159                 if (rtp->nr < ARRAY_SIZE(rtp->nodes))
160                         rtp->nodes[rtp->nr++] = node;
161                 else
162                         kmem_cache_free(radix_tree_node_cachep, node);
163         }
164         ret = 0;
165 out:
166         return ret;
167 }
168 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_preload);
169
170 static inline void tag_set(struct radix_tree_node *node, unsigned int tag,
171                 int offset)
172 {
173         __set_bit(offset, node->tags[tag]);
174 }
175
176 static inline void tag_clear(struct radix_tree_node *node, unsigned int tag,
177                 int offset)
178 {
179         __clear_bit(offset, node->tags[tag]);
180 }
181
182 static inline int tag_get(struct radix_tree_node *node, unsigned int tag,
183                 int offset)
184 {
185         return test_bit(offset, node->tags[tag]);
186 }
187
188 static inline void root_tag_set(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned int tag)
189 {
190         root->gfp_mask |= (__force gfp_t)(1 << (tag + __GFP_BITS_SHIFT));
191 }
192
193
194 static inline void root_tag_clear(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned int tag)
195 {
196         root->gfp_mask &= (__force gfp_t)~(1 << (tag + __GFP_BITS_SHIFT));
197 }
198
199 static inline void root_tag_clear_all(struct radix_tree_root *root)
200 {
201         root->gfp_mask &= __GFP_BITS_MASK;
202 }
203
204 static inline int root_tag_get(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned int tag)
205 {
206         return (__force unsigned)root->gfp_mask & (1 << (tag + __GFP_BITS_SHIFT));
207 }
208
209 /*
210  * Returns 1 if any slot in the node has this tag set.
211  * Otherwise returns 0.
212  */
213 static inline int any_tag_set(struct radix_tree_node *node, unsigned int tag)
214 {
215         int idx;
216         for (idx = 0; idx < RADIX_TREE_TAG_LONGS; idx++) {
217                 if (node->tags[tag][idx])
218                         return 1;
219         }
220         return 0;
221 }
222
223 /*
224  *      Return the maximum key which can be store into a
225  *      radix tree with height HEIGHT.
226  */
227 static inline unsigned long radix_tree_maxindex(unsigned int height)
228 {
229         return height_to_maxindex[height];
230 }
231
232 /*
233  *      Extend a radix tree so it can store key @index.
234  */
235 static int radix_tree_extend(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index)
236 {
237         struct radix_tree_node *node;
238         unsigned int height;
239         int tag;
240
241         /* Figure out what the height should be.  */
242         height = root->height + 1;
243         while (index > radix_tree_maxindex(height))
244                 height++;
245
246         if (root->rnode == NULL) {
247                 root->height = height;
248                 goto out;
249         }
250
251         do {
252                 unsigned int newheight;
253                 if (!(node = radix_tree_node_alloc(root)))
254                         return -ENOMEM;
255
256                 /* Increase the height.  */
257                 node->slots[0] = radix_tree_indirect_to_ptr(root->rnode);
258
259                 /* Propagate the aggregated tag info into the new root */
260                 for (tag = 0; tag < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS; tag++) {
261                         if (root_tag_get(root, tag))
262                                 tag_set(node, tag, 0);
263                 }
264
265                 newheight = root->height+1;
266                 node->height = newheight;
267                 node->count = 1;
268                 node = radix_tree_ptr_to_indirect(node);
269                 rcu_assign_pointer(root->rnode, node);
270                 root->height = newheight;
271         } while (height > root->height);
272 out:
273         return 0;
274 }
275
276 /**
277  *      radix_tree_insert    -    insert into a radix tree
278  *      @root:          radix tree root
279  *      @index:         index key
280  *      @item:          item to insert
281  *
282  *      Insert an item into the radix tree at position @index.
283  */
284 int radix_tree_insert(struct radix_tree_root *root,
285                         unsigned long index, void *item)
286 {
287         struct radix_tree_node *node = NULL, *slot;
288         unsigned int height, shift;
289         int offset;
290         int error;
291
292         BUG_ON(radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(item));
293
294         /* Make sure the tree is high enough.  */
295         if (index > radix_tree_maxindex(root->height)) {
296                 error = radix_tree_extend(root, index);
297                 if (error)
298                         return error;
299         }
300
301         slot = radix_tree_indirect_to_ptr(root->rnode);
302
303         height = root->height;
304         shift = (height-1) * RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
305
306         offset = 0;                     /* uninitialised var warning */
307         while (height > 0) {
308                 if (slot == NULL) {
309                         /* Have to add a child node.  */
310                         if (!(slot = radix_tree_node_alloc(root)))
311                                 return -ENOMEM;
312                         slot->height = height;
313                         if (node) {
314                                 rcu_assign_pointer(node->slots[offset], slot);
315                                 node->count++;
316                         } else
317                                 rcu_assign_pointer(root->rnode,
318                                         radix_tree_ptr_to_indirect(slot));
319                 }
320
321                 /* Go a level down */
322                 offset = (index >> shift) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK;
323                 node = slot;
324                 slot = node->slots[offset];
325                 shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
326                 height--;
327         }
328
329         if (slot != NULL)
330                 return -EEXIST;
331
332         if (node) {
333                 node->count++;
334                 rcu_assign_pointer(node->slots[offset], item);
335                 BUG_ON(tag_get(node, 0, offset));
336                 BUG_ON(tag_get(node, 1, offset));
337         } else {
338                 rcu_assign_pointer(root->rnode, item);
339                 BUG_ON(root_tag_get(root, 0));
340                 BUG_ON(root_tag_get(root, 1));
341         }
342
343         return 0;
344 }
345 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_insert);
346
347 /**
348  *      radix_tree_lookup_slot    -    lookup a slot in a radix tree
349  *      @root:          radix tree root
350  *      @index:         index key
351  *
352  *      Returns:  the slot corresponding to the position @index in the
353  *      radix tree @root. This is useful for update-if-exists operations.
354  *
355  *      This function cannot be called under rcu_read_lock, it must be
356  *      excluded from writers, as must the returned slot for subsequent
357  *      use by radix_tree_deref_slot() and radix_tree_replace slot.
358  *      Caller must hold tree write locked across slot lookup and
359  *      replace.
360  */
361 void **radix_tree_lookup_slot(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index)
362 {
363         unsigned int height, shift;
364         struct radix_tree_node *node, **slot;
365
366         node = root->rnode;
367         if (node == NULL)
368                 return NULL;
369
370         if (!radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(node)) {
371                 if (index > 0)
372                         return NULL;
373                 return (void **)&root->rnode;
374         }
375         node = radix_tree_indirect_to_ptr(node);
376
377         height = node->height;
378         if (index > radix_tree_maxindex(height))
379                 return NULL;
380
381         shift = (height-1) * RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
382
383         do {
384                 slot = (struct radix_tree_node **)
385                         (node->slots + ((index>>shift) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK));
386                 node = *slot;
387                 if (node == NULL)
388                         return NULL;
389
390                 shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
391                 height--;
392         } while (height > 0);
393
394         return (void **)slot;
395 }
396 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_lookup_slot);
397
398 /**
399  *      radix_tree_lookup    -    perform lookup operation on a radix tree
400  *      @root:          radix tree root
401  *      @index:         index key
402  *
403  *      Lookup the item at the position @index in the radix tree @root.
404  *
405  *      This function can be called under rcu_read_lock, however the caller
406  *      must manage lifetimes of leaf nodes (eg. RCU may also be used to free
407  *      them safely). No RCU barriers are required to access or modify the
408  *      returned item, however.
409  */
410 void *radix_tree_lookup(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index)
411 {
412         unsigned int height, shift;
413         struct radix_tree_node *node, **slot;
414
415         node = rcu_dereference(root->rnode);
416         if (node == NULL)
417                 return NULL;
418
419         if (!radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(node)) {
420                 if (index > 0)
421                         return NULL;
422                 return node;
423         }
424         node = radix_tree_indirect_to_ptr(node);
425
426         height = node->height;
427         if (index > radix_tree_maxindex(height))
428                 return NULL;
429
430         shift = (height-1) * RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
431
432         do {
433                 slot = (struct radix_tree_node **)
434                         (node->slots + ((index>>shift) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK));
435                 node = rcu_dereference(*slot);
436                 if (node == NULL)
437                         return NULL;
438
439                 shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
440                 height--;
441         } while (height > 0);
442
443         return node;
444 }
445 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_lookup);
446
447 /**
448  *      radix_tree_tag_set - set a tag on a radix tree node
449  *      @root:          radix tree root
450  *      @index:         index key
451  *      @tag:           tag index
452  *
453  *      Set the search tag (which must be < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS)
454  *      corresponding to @index in the radix tree.  From
455  *      the root all the way down to the leaf node.
456  *
457  *      Returns the address of the tagged item.   Setting a tag on a not-present
458  *      item is a bug.
459  */
460 void *radix_tree_tag_set(struct radix_tree_root *root,
461                         unsigned long index, unsigned int tag)
462 {
463         unsigned int height, shift;
464         struct radix_tree_node *slot;
465
466         height = root->height;
467         BUG_ON(index > radix_tree_maxindex(height));
468
469         slot = radix_tree_indirect_to_ptr(root->rnode);
470         shift = (height - 1) * RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
471
472         while (height > 0) {
473                 int offset;
474
475                 offset = (index >> shift) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK;
476                 if (!tag_get(slot, tag, offset))
477                         tag_set(slot, tag, offset);
478                 slot = slot->slots[offset];
479                 BUG_ON(slot == NULL);
480                 shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
481                 height--;
482         }
483
484         /* set the root's tag bit */
485         if (slot && !root_tag_get(root, tag))
486                 root_tag_set(root, tag);
487
488         return slot;
489 }
490 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_tag_set);
491
492 /**
493  *      radix_tree_tag_clear - clear a tag on a radix tree node
494  *      @root:          radix tree root
495  *      @index:         index key
496  *      @tag:           tag index
497  *
498  *      Clear the search tag (which must be < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS)
499  *      corresponding to @index in the radix tree.  If
500  *      this causes the leaf node to have no tags set then clear the tag in the
501  *      next-to-leaf node, etc.
502  *
503  *      Returns the address of the tagged item on success, else NULL.  ie:
504  *      has the same return value and semantics as radix_tree_lookup().
505  */
506 void *radix_tree_tag_clear(struct radix_tree_root *root,
507                         unsigned long index, unsigned int tag)
508 {
509         /*
510          * The radix tree path needs to be one longer than the maximum path
511          * since the "list" is null terminated.
512          */
513         struct radix_tree_path path[RADIX_TREE_MAX_PATH + 1], *pathp = path;
514         struct radix_tree_node *slot = NULL;
515         unsigned int height, shift;
516
517         height = root->height;
518         if (index > radix_tree_maxindex(height))
519                 goto out;
520
521         shift = (height - 1) * RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
522         pathp->node = NULL;
523         slot = radix_tree_indirect_to_ptr(root->rnode);
524
525         while (height > 0) {
526                 int offset;
527
528                 if (slot == NULL)
529                         goto out;
530
531                 offset = (index >> shift) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK;
532                 pathp[1].offset = offset;
533                 pathp[1].node = slot;
534                 slot = slot->slots[offset];
535                 pathp++;
536                 shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
537                 height--;
538         }
539
540         if (slot == NULL)
541                 goto out;
542
543         while (pathp->node) {
544                 if (!tag_get(pathp->node, tag, pathp->offset))
545                         goto out;
546                 tag_clear(pathp->node, tag, pathp->offset);
547                 if (any_tag_set(pathp->node, tag))
548                         goto out;
549                 pathp--;
550         }
551
552         /* clear the root's tag bit */
553         if (root_tag_get(root, tag))
554                 root_tag_clear(root, tag);
555
556 out:
557         return slot;
558 }
559 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_tag_clear);
560
561 #ifndef __KERNEL__      /* Only the test harness uses this at present */
562 /**
563  * radix_tree_tag_get - get a tag on a radix tree node
564  * @root:               radix tree root
565  * @index:              index key
566  * @tag:                tag index (< RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS)
567  *
568  * Return values:
569  *
570  *  0: tag not present or not set
571  *  1: tag set
572  */
573 int radix_tree_tag_get(struct radix_tree_root *root,
574                         unsigned long index, unsigned int tag)
575 {
576         unsigned int height, shift;
577         struct radix_tree_node *node;
578         int saw_unset_tag = 0;
579
580         /* check the root's tag bit */
581         if (!root_tag_get(root, tag))
582                 return 0;
583
584         node = rcu_dereference(root->rnode);
585         if (node == NULL)
586                 return 0;
587
588         if (!radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(node))
589                 return (index == 0);
590         node = radix_tree_indirect_to_ptr(node);
591
592         height = node->height;
593         if (index > radix_tree_maxindex(height))
594                 return 0;
595
596         shift = (height - 1) * RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
597
598         for ( ; ; ) {
599                 int offset;
600
601                 if (node == NULL)
602                         return 0;
603
604                 offset = (index >> shift) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK;
605
606                 /*
607                  * This is just a debug check.  Later, we can bale as soon as
608                  * we see an unset tag.
609                  */
610                 if (!tag_get(node, tag, offset))
611                         saw_unset_tag = 1;
612                 if (height == 1) {
613                         int ret = tag_get(node, tag, offset);
614
615                         BUG_ON(ret && saw_unset_tag);
616                         return !!ret;
617                 }
618                 node = rcu_dereference(node->slots[offset]);
619                 shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
620                 height--;
621         }
622 }
623 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_tag_get);
624 #endif
625
626 /**
627  *      radix_tree_next_hole    -    find the next hole (not-present entry)
628  *      @root:          tree root
629  *      @index:         index key
630  *      @max_scan:      maximum range to search
631  *
632  *      Search the set [index, min(index+max_scan-1, MAX_INDEX)] for the lowest
633  *      indexed hole.
634  *
635  *      Returns: the index of the hole if found, otherwise returns an index
636  *      outside of the set specified (in which case 'return - index >= max_scan'
637  *      will be true).
638  *
639  *      radix_tree_next_hole may be called under rcu_read_lock. However, like
640  *      radix_tree_gang_lookup, this will not atomically search a snapshot of the
641  *      tree at a single point in time. For example, if a hole is created at index
642  *      5, then subsequently a hole is created at index 10, radix_tree_next_hole
643  *      covering both indexes may return 10 if called under rcu_read_lock.
644  */
645 unsigned long radix_tree_next_hole(struct radix_tree_root *root,
646                                 unsigned long index, unsigned long max_scan)
647 {
648         unsigned long i;
649
650         for (i = 0; i < max_scan; i++) {
651                 if (!radix_tree_lookup(root, index))
652                         break;
653                 index++;
654                 if (index == 0)
655                         break;
656         }
657
658         return index;
659 }
660 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_next_hole);
661
662 static unsigned int
663 __lookup(struct radix_tree_node *slot, void **results, unsigned long index,
664         unsigned int max_items, unsigned long *next_index)
665 {
666         unsigned int nr_found = 0;
667         unsigned int shift, height;
668         unsigned long i;
669
670         height = slot->height;
671         if (height == 0)
672                 goto out;
673         shift = (height-1) * RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
674
675         for ( ; height > 1; height--) {
676                 i = (index >> shift) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK;
677                 for (;;) {
678                         if (slot->slots[i] != NULL)
679                                 break;
680                         index &= ~((1UL << shift) - 1);
681                         index += 1UL << shift;
682                         if (index == 0)
683                                 goto out;       /* 32-bit wraparound */
684                         i++;
685                         if (i == RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE)
686                                 goto out;
687                 }
688
689                 shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
690                 slot = rcu_dereference(slot->slots[i]);
691                 if (slot == NULL)
692                         goto out;
693         }
694
695         /* Bottom level: grab some items */
696         for (i = index & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK; i < RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE; i++) {
697                 struct radix_tree_node *node;
698                 index++;
699                 node = slot->slots[i];
700                 if (node) {
701                         results[nr_found++] = rcu_dereference(node);
702                         if (nr_found == max_items)
703                                 goto out;
704                 }
705         }
706 out:
707         *next_index = index;
708         return nr_found;
709 }
710
711 /**
712  *      radix_tree_gang_lookup - perform multiple lookup on a radix tree
713  *      @root:          radix tree root
714  *      @results:       where the results of the lookup are placed
715  *      @first_index:   start the lookup from this key
716  *      @max_items:     place up to this many items at *results
717  *
718  *      Performs an index-ascending scan of the tree for present items.  Places
719  *      them at *@results and returns the number of items which were placed at
720  *      *@results.
721  *
722  *      The implementation is naive.
723  *
724  *      Like radix_tree_lookup, radix_tree_gang_lookup may be called under
725  *      rcu_read_lock. In this case, rather than the returned results being
726  *      an atomic snapshot of the tree at a single point in time, the semantics
727  *      of an RCU protected gang lookup are as though multiple radix_tree_lookups
728  *      have been issued in individual locks, and results stored in 'results'.
729  */
730 unsigned int
731 radix_tree_gang_lookup(struct radix_tree_root *root, void **results,
732                         unsigned long first_index, unsigned int max_items)
733 {
734         unsigned long max_index;
735         struct radix_tree_node *node;
736         unsigned long cur_index = first_index;
737         unsigned int ret;
738
739         node = rcu_dereference(root->rnode);
740         if (!node)
741                 return 0;
742
743         if (!radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(node)) {
744                 if (first_index > 0)
745                         return 0;
746                 results[0] = node;
747                 return 1;
748         }
749         node = radix_tree_indirect_to_ptr(node);
750
751         max_index = radix_tree_maxindex(node->height);
752
753         ret = 0;
754         while (ret < max_items) {
755                 unsigned int nr_found;
756                 unsigned long next_index;       /* Index of next search */
757
758                 if (cur_index > max_index)
759                         break;
760                 nr_found = __lookup(node, results + ret, cur_index,
761                                         max_items - ret, &next_index);
762                 ret += nr_found;
763                 if (next_index == 0)
764                         break;
765                 cur_index = next_index;
766         }
767
768         return ret;
769 }
770 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_gang_lookup);
771
772 /*
773  * FIXME: the two tag_get()s here should use find_next_bit() instead of
774  * open-coding the search.
775  */
776 static unsigned int
777 __lookup_tag(struct radix_tree_node *slot, void **results, unsigned long index,
778         unsigned int max_items, unsigned long *next_index, unsigned int tag)
779 {
780         unsigned int nr_found = 0;
781         unsigned int shift, height;
782
783         height = slot->height;
784         if (height == 0)
785                 goto out;
786         shift = (height-1) * RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
787
788         while (height > 0) {
789                 unsigned long i = (index >> shift) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK ;
790
791                 for (;;) {
792                         if (tag_get(slot, tag, i))
793                                 break;
794                         index &= ~((1UL << shift) - 1);
795                         index += 1UL << shift;
796                         if (index == 0)
797                                 goto out;       /* 32-bit wraparound */
798                         i++;
799                         if (i == RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE)
800                                 goto out;
801                 }
802                 height--;
803                 if (height == 0) {      /* Bottom level: grab some items */
804                         unsigned long j = index & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK;
805
806                         for ( ; j < RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE; j++) {
807                                 struct radix_tree_node *node;
808                                 index++;
809                                 if (!tag_get(slot, tag, j))
810                                         continue;
811                                 node = slot->slots[j];
812                                 /*
813                                  * Even though the tag was found set, we need to
814                                  * recheck that we have a non-NULL node, because
815                                  * if this lookup is lockless, it may have been
816                                  * subsequently deleted.
817                                  *
818                                  * Similar care must be taken in any place that
819                                  * lookup ->slots[x] without a lock (ie. can't
820                                  * rely on its value remaining the same).
821                                  */
822                                 if (node) {
823                                         node = rcu_dereference(node);
824                                         results[nr_found++] = node;
825                                         if (nr_found == max_items)
826                                                 goto out;
827                                 }
828                         }
829                 }
830                 shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
831                 slot = rcu_dereference(slot->slots[i]);
832                 if (slot == NULL)
833                         break;
834         }
835 out:
836         *next_index = index;
837         return nr_found;
838 }
839
840 /**
841  *      radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag - perform multiple lookup on a radix tree
842  *                                   based on a tag
843  *      @root:          radix tree root
844  *      @results:       where the results of the lookup are placed
845  *      @first_index:   start the lookup from this key
846  *      @max_items:     place up to this many items at *results
847  *      @tag:           the tag index (< RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS)
848  *
849  *      Performs an index-ascending scan of the tree for present items which
850  *      have the tag indexed by @tag set.  Places the items at *@results and
851  *      returns the number of items which were placed at *@results.
852  */
853 unsigned int
854 radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag(struct radix_tree_root *root, void **results,
855                 unsigned long first_index, unsigned int max_items,
856                 unsigned int tag)
857 {
858         struct radix_tree_node *node;
859         unsigned long max_index;
860         unsigned long cur_index = first_index;
861         unsigned int ret;
862
863         /* check the root's tag bit */
864         if (!root_tag_get(root, tag))
865                 return 0;
866
867         node = rcu_dereference(root->rnode);
868         if (!node)
869                 return 0;
870
871         if (!radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(node)) {
872                 if (first_index > 0)
873                         return 0;
874                 results[0] = node;
875                 return 1;
876         }
877         node = radix_tree_indirect_to_ptr(node);
878
879         max_index = radix_tree_maxindex(node->height);
880
881         ret = 0;
882         while (ret < max_items) {
883                 unsigned int nr_found;
884                 unsigned long next_index;       /* Index of next search */
885
886                 if (cur_index > max_index)
887                         break;
888                 nr_found = __lookup_tag(node, results + ret, cur_index,
889                                         max_items - ret, &next_index, tag);
890                 ret += nr_found;
891                 if (next_index == 0)
892                         break;
893                 cur_index = next_index;
894         }
895
896         return ret;
897 }
898 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag);
899
900 /**
901  *      radix_tree_shrink    -    shrink height of a radix tree to minimal
902  *      @root           radix tree root
903  */
904 static inline void radix_tree_shrink(struct radix_tree_root *root)
905 {
906         /* try to shrink tree height */
907         while (root->height > 0) {
908                 struct radix_tree_node *to_free = root->rnode;
909                 void *newptr;
910
911                 BUG_ON(!radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(to_free));
912                 to_free = radix_tree_indirect_to_ptr(to_free);
913
914                 /*
915                  * The candidate node has more than one child, or its child
916                  * is not at the leftmost slot, we cannot shrink.
917                  */
918                 if (to_free->count != 1)
919                         break;
920                 if (!to_free->slots[0])
921                         break;
922
923                 /*
924                  * We don't need rcu_assign_pointer(), since we are simply
925                  * moving the node from one part of the tree to another. If
926                  * it was safe to dereference the old pointer to it
927                  * (to_free->slots[0]), it will be safe to dereference the new
928                  * one (root->rnode).
929                  */
930                 newptr = to_free->slots[0];
931                 if (root->height > 1)
932                         newptr = radix_tree_ptr_to_indirect(newptr);
933                 root->rnode = newptr;
934                 root->height--;
935                 /* must only free zeroed nodes into the slab */
936                 tag_clear(to_free, 0, 0);
937                 tag_clear(to_free, 1, 0);
938                 to_free->slots[0] = NULL;
939                 to_free->count = 0;
940                 radix_tree_node_free(to_free);
941         }
942 }
943
944 /**
945  *      radix_tree_delete    -    delete an item from a radix tree
946  *      @root:          radix tree root
947  *      @index:         index key
948  *
949  *      Remove the item at @index from the radix tree rooted at @root.
950  *
951  *      Returns the address of the deleted item, or NULL if it was not present.
952  */
953 void *radix_tree_delete(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index)
954 {
955         /*
956          * The radix tree path needs to be one longer than the maximum path
957          * since the "list" is null terminated.
958          */
959         struct radix_tree_path path[RADIX_TREE_MAX_PATH + 1], *pathp = path;
960         struct radix_tree_node *slot = NULL;
961         struct radix_tree_node *to_free;
962         unsigned int height, shift;
963         int tag;
964         int offset;
965
966         height = root->height;
967         if (index > radix_tree_maxindex(height))
968                 goto out;
969
970         slot = root->rnode;
971         if (height == 0) {
972                 root_tag_clear_all(root);
973                 root->rnode = NULL;
974                 goto out;
975         }
976         slot = radix_tree_indirect_to_ptr(slot);
977
978         shift = (height - 1) * RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
979         pathp->node = NULL;
980
981         do {
982                 if (slot == NULL)
983                         goto out;
984
985                 pathp++;
986                 offset = (index >> shift) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK;
987                 pathp->offset = offset;
988                 pathp->node = slot;
989                 slot = slot->slots[offset];
990                 shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
991                 height--;
992         } while (height > 0);
993
994         if (slot == NULL)
995                 goto out;
996
997         /*
998          * Clear all tags associated with the just-deleted item
999          */
1000         for (tag = 0; tag < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS; tag++) {
1001                 if (tag_get(pathp->node, tag, pathp->offset))
1002                         radix_tree_tag_clear(root, index, tag);
1003         }
1004
1005         to_free = NULL;
1006         /* Now free the nodes we do not need anymore */
1007         while (pathp->node) {
1008                 pathp->node->slots[pathp->offset] = NULL;
1009                 pathp->node->count--;
1010                 /*
1011                  * Queue the node for deferred freeing after the
1012                  * last reference to it disappears (set NULL, above).
1013                  */
1014                 if (to_free)
1015                         radix_tree_node_free(to_free);
1016
1017                 if (pathp->node->count) {
1018                         if (pathp->node ==
1019                                         radix_tree_indirect_to_ptr(root->rnode))
1020                                 radix_tree_shrink(root);
1021                         goto out;
1022                 }
1023
1024                 /* Node with zero slots in use so free it */
1025                 to_free = pathp->node;
1026                 pathp--;
1027
1028         }
1029         root_tag_clear_all(root);
1030         root->height = 0;
1031         root->rnode = NULL;
1032         if (to_free)
1033                 radix_tree_node_free(to_free);
1034
1035 out:
1036         return slot;
1037 }
1038 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_delete);
1039
1040 /**
1041  *      radix_tree_tagged - test whether any items in the tree are tagged
1042  *      @root:          radix tree root
1043  *      @tag:           tag to test
1044  */
1045 int radix_tree_tagged(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned int tag)
1046 {
1047         return root_tag_get(root, tag);
1048 }
1049 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_tagged);
1050
1051 static void
1052 radix_tree_node_ctor(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *node)
1053 {
1054         memset(node, 0, sizeof(struct radix_tree_node));
1055 }
1056
1057 static __init unsigned long __maxindex(unsigned int height)
1058 {
1059         unsigned int width = height * RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
1060         int shift = RADIX_TREE_INDEX_BITS - width;
1061
1062         if (shift < 0)
1063                 return ~0UL;
1064         if (shift >= BITS_PER_LONG)
1065                 return 0UL;
1066         return ~0UL >> shift;
1067 }
1068
1069 static __init void radix_tree_init_maxindex(void)
1070 {
1071         unsigned int i;
1072
1073         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(height_to_maxindex); i++)
1074                 height_to_maxindex[i] = __maxindex(i);
1075 }
1076
1077 static int radix_tree_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
1078                             unsigned long action,
1079                             void *hcpu)
1080 {
1081        int cpu = (long)hcpu;
1082        struct radix_tree_preload *rtp;
1083
1084        /* Free per-cpu pool of perloaded nodes */
1085        if (action == CPU_DEAD || action == CPU_DEAD_FROZEN) {
1086                rtp = &per_cpu(radix_tree_preloads, cpu);
1087                while (rtp->nr) {
1088                        kmem_cache_free(radix_tree_node_cachep,
1089                                        rtp->nodes[rtp->nr-1]);
1090                        rtp->nodes[rtp->nr-1] = NULL;
1091                        rtp->nr--;
1092                }
1093        }
1094        return NOTIFY_OK;
1095 }
1096
1097 void __init radix_tree_init(void)
1098 {
1099         radix_tree_node_cachep = kmem_cache_create("radix_tree_node",
1100                         sizeof(struct radix_tree_node), 0,
1101                         SLAB_PANIC, radix_tree_node_ctor);
1102         radix_tree_init_maxindex();
1103         hotcpu_notifier(radix_tree_callback, 0);
1104 }