2 * Copyright (C) 2001 Momchil Velikov
3 * Portions Copyright (C) 2001 Christoph Hellwig
4 * Copyright (C) 2005 SGI, Christoph Lameter
5 * Copyright (C) 2006 Nick Piggin
6 * Copyright (C) 2012 Konstantin Khlebnikov
7 * Copyright (C) 2016 Intel, Matthew Wilcox
8 * Copyright (C) 2016 Intel, Ross Zwisler
10 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
11 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
12 * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at
13 * your option) any later version.
15 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
16 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
18 * General Public License for more details.
20 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
21 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
22 * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
25 #include <linux/bitmap.h>
26 #include <linux/bitops.h>
27 #include <linux/bug.h>
28 #include <linux/cpu.h>
29 #include <linux/errno.h>
30 #include <linux/export.h>
31 #include <linux/idr.h>
32 #include <linux/init.h>
33 #include <linux/kernel.h>
34 #include <linux/kmemleak.h>
35 #include <linux/percpu.h>
36 #include <linux/preempt.h> /* in_interrupt() */
37 #include <linux/radix-tree.h>
38 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
39 #include <linux/slab.h>
40 #include <linux/string.h>
43 /* Number of nodes in fully populated tree of given height */
44 static unsigned long height_to_maxnodes[RADIX_TREE_MAX_PATH + 1] __read_mostly;
47 * Radix tree node cache.
49 static struct kmem_cache *radix_tree_node_cachep;
52 * The radix tree is variable-height, so an insert operation not only has
53 * to build the branch to its corresponding item, it also has to build the
54 * branch to existing items if the size has to be increased (by
57 * The worst case is a zero height tree with just a single item at index 0,
58 * and then inserting an item at index ULONG_MAX. This requires 2 new branches
59 * of RADIX_TREE_MAX_PATH size to be created, with only the root node shared.
62 #define RADIX_TREE_PRELOAD_SIZE (RADIX_TREE_MAX_PATH * 2 - 1)
65 * The IDR does not have to be as high as the radix tree since it uses
66 * signed integers, not unsigned longs.
68 #define IDR_INDEX_BITS (8 /* CHAR_BIT */ * sizeof(int) - 1)
69 #define IDR_MAX_PATH (DIV_ROUND_UP(IDR_INDEX_BITS, \
70 RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT))
71 #define IDR_PRELOAD_SIZE (IDR_MAX_PATH * 2 - 1)
74 * The IDA is even shorter since it uses a bitmap at the last level.
76 #define IDA_INDEX_BITS (8 * sizeof(int) - 1 - ilog2(IDA_BITMAP_BITS))
77 #define IDA_MAX_PATH (DIV_ROUND_UP(IDA_INDEX_BITS, \
78 RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT))
79 #define IDA_PRELOAD_SIZE (IDA_MAX_PATH * 2 - 1)
82 * Per-cpu pool of preloaded nodes
84 struct radix_tree_preload {
86 /* nodes->parent points to next preallocated node */
87 struct radix_tree_node *nodes;
89 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct radix_tree_preload, radix_tree_preloads) = { 0, };
91 static inline struct radix_tree_node *entry_to_node(void *ptr)
93 return (void *)((unsigned long)ptr & ~RADIX_TREE_INTERNAL_NODE);
96 static inline void *node_to_entry(void *ptr)
98 return (void *)((unsigned long)ptr | RADIX_TREE_INTERNAL_NODE);
101 #define RADIX_TREE_RETRY node_to_entry(NULL)
103 #ifdef CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
104 /* Sibling slots point directly to another slot in the same node */
106 bool is_sibling_entry(const struct radix_tree_node *parent, void *node)
108 void __rcu **ptr = node;
109 return (parent->slots <= ptr) &&
110 (ptr < parent->slots + RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE);
114 bool is_sibling_entry(const struct radix_tree_node *parent, void *node)
120 static inline unsigned long
121 get_slot_offset(const struct radix_tree_node *parent, void __rcu **slot)
123 return slot - parent->slots;
126 static unsigned int radix_tree_descend(const struct radix_tree_node *parent,
127 struct radix_tree_node **nodep, unsigned long index)
129 unsigned int offset = (index >> parent->shift) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK;
130 void __rcu **entry = rcu_dereference_raw(parent->slots[offset]);
132 #ifdef CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
133 if (radix_tree_is_internal_node(entry)) {
134 if (is_sibling_entry(parent, entry)) {
135 void __rcu **sibentry;
136 sibentry = (void __rcu **) entry_to_node(entry);
137 offset = get_slot_offset(parent, sibentry);
138 entry = rcu_dereference_raw(*sibentry);
143 *nodep = (void *)entry;
147 static inline gfp_t root_gfp_mask(const struct radix_tree_root *root)
149 return root->gfp_mask & (__GFP_BITS_MASK & ~GFP_ZONEMASK);
152 static inline void tag_set(struct radix_tree_node *node, unsigned int tag,
155 __set_bit(offset, node->tags[tag]);
158 static inline void tag_clear(struct radix_tree_node *node, unsigned int tag,
161 __clear_bit(offset, node->tags[tag]);
164 static inline int tag_get(const struct radix_tree_node *node, unsigned int tag,
167 return test_bit(offset, node->tags[tag]);
170 static inline void root_tag_set(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned tag)
172 root->gfp_mask |= (__force gfp_t)(1 << (tag + ROOT_TAG_SHIFT));
175 static inline void root_tag_clear(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned tag)
177 root->gfp_mask &= (__force gfp_t)~(1 << (tag + ROOT_TAG_SHIFT));
180 static inline void root_tag_clear_all(struct radix_tree_root *root)
182 root->gfp_mask &= (1 << ROOT_TAG_SHIFT) - 1;
185 static inline int root_tag_get(const struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned tag)
187 return (__force int)root->gfp_mask & (1 << (tag + ROOT_TAG_SHIFT));
190 static inline unsigned root_tags_get(const struct radix_tree_root *root)
192 return (__force unsigned)root->gfp_mask >> ROOT_TAG_SHIFT;
195 static inline bool is_idr(const struct radix_tree_root *root)
197 return !!(root->gfp_mask & ROOT_IS_IDR);
201 * Returns 1 if any slot in the node has this tag set.
202 * Otherwise returns 0.
204 static inline int any_tag_set(const struct radix_tree_node *node,
208 for (idx = 0; idx < RADIX_TREE_TAG_LONGS; idx++) {
209 if (node->tags[tag][idx])
215 static inline void all_tag_set(struct radix_tree_node *node, unsigned int tag)
217 bitmap_fill(node->tags[tag], RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE);
221 * radix_tree_find_next_bit - find the next set bit in a memory region
223 * @addr: The address to base the search on
224 * @size: The bitmap size in bits
225 * @offset: The bitnumber to start searching at
227 * Unrollable variant of find_next_bit() for constant size arrays.
228 * Tail bits starting from size to roundup(size, BITS_PER_LONG) must be zero.
229 * Returns next bit offset, or size if nothing found.
231 static __always_inline unsigned long
232 radix_tree_find_next_bit(struct radix_tree_node *node, unsigned int tag,
233 unsigned long offset)
235 const unsigned long *addr = node->tags[tag];
237 if (offset < RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE) {
240 addr += offset / BITS_PER_LONG;
241 tmp = *addr >> (offset % BITS_PER_LONG);
243 return __ffs(tmp) + offset;
244 offset = (offset + BITS_PER_LONG) & ~(BITS_PER_LONG - 1);
245 while (offset < RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE) {
248 return __ffs(tmp) + offset;
249 offset += BITS_PER_LONG;
252 return RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE;
255 static unsigned int iter_offset(const struct radix_tree_iter *iter)
257 return (iter->index >> iter_shift(iter)) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK;
261 * The maximum index which can be stored in a radix tree
263 static inline unsigned long shift_maxindex(unsigned int shift)
265 return (RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE << shift) - 1;
268 static inline unsigned long node_maxindex(const struct radix_tree_node *node)
270 return shift_maxindex(node->shift);
273 static unsigned long next_index(unsigned long index,
274 const struct radix_tree_node *node,
275 unsigned long offset)
277 return (index & ~node_maxindex(node)) + (offset << node->shift);
281 static void dump_node(struct radix_tree_node *node, unsigned long index)
285 pr_debug("radix node: %p offset %d indices %lu-%lu parent %p tags %lx %lx %lx shift %d count %d exceptional %d\n",
286 node, node->offset, index, index | node_maxindex(node),
288 node->tags[0][0], node->tags[1][0], node->tags[2][0],
289 node->shift, node->count, node->exceptional);
291 for (i = 0; i < RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE; i++) {
292 unsigned long first = index | (i << node->shift);
293 unsigned long last = first | ((1UL << node->shift) - 1);
294 void *entry = node->slots[i];
297 if (entry == RADIX_TREE_RETRY) {
298 pr_debug("radix retry offset %ld indices %lu-%lu parent %p\n",
299 i, first, last, node);
300 } else if (!radix_tree_is_internal_node(entry)) {
301 pr_debug("radix entry %p offset %ld indices %lu-%lu parent %p\n",
302 entry, i, first, last, node);
303 } else if (is_sibling_entry(node, entry)) {
304 pr_debug("radix sblng %p offset %ld indices %lu-%lu parent %p val %p\n",
305 entry, i, first, last, node,
306 *(void **)entry_to_node(entry));
308 dump_node(entry_to_node(entry), first);
314 static void radix_tree_dump(struct radix_tree_root *root)
316 pr_debug("radix root: %p rnode %p tags %x\n",
318 root->gfp_mask >> ROOT_TAG_SHIFT);
319 if (!radix_tree_is_internal_node(root->rnode))
321 dump_node(entry_to_node(root->rnode), 0);
324 static void dump_ida_node(void *entry, unsigned long index)
331 if (radix_tree_is_internal_node(entry)) {
332 struct radix_tree_node *node = entry_to_node(entry);
334 pr_debug("ida node: %p offset %d indices %lu-%lu parent %p free %lx shift %d count %d\n",
335 node, node->offset, index * IDA_BITMAP_BITS,
336 ((index | node_maxindex(node)) + 1) *
338 node->parent, node->tags[0][0], node->shift,
340 for (i = 0; i < RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE; i++)
341 dump_ida_node(node->slots[i],
342 index | (i << node->shift));
343 } else if (radix_tree_exceptional_entry(entry)) {
344 pr_debug("ida excp: %p offset %d indices %lu-%lu data %lx\n",
345 entry, (int)(index & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK),
346 index * IDA_BITMAP_BITS,
347 index * IDA_BITMAP_BITS + BITS_PER_LONG -
348 RADIX_TREE_EXCEPTIONAL_SHIFT,
349 (unsigned long)entry >>
350 RADIX_TREE_EXCEPTIONAL_SHIFT);
352 struct ida_bitmap *bitmap = entry;
354 pr_debug("ida btmp: %p offset %d indices %lu-%lu data", bitmap,
355 (int)(index & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK),
356 index * IDA_BITMAP_BITS,
357 (index + 1) * IDA_BITMAP_BITS - 1);
358 for (i = 0; i < IDA_BITMAP_LONGS; i++)
359 pr_cont(" %lx", bitmap->bitmap[i]);
364 static void ida_dump(struct ida *ida)
366 struct radix_tree_root *root = &ida->ida_rt;
367 pr_debug("ida: %p node %p free %d\n", ida, root->rnode,
368 root->gfp_mask >> ROOT_TAG_SHIFT);
369 dump_ida_node(root->rnode, 0);
374 * This assumes that the caller has performed appropriate preallocation, and
375 * that the caller has pinned this thread of control to the current CPU.
377 static struct radix_tree_node *
378 radix_tree_node_alloc(gfp_t gfp_mask, struct radix_tree_node *parent,
379 struct radix_tree_root *root,
380 unsigned int shift, unsigned int offset,
381 unsigned int count, unsigned int exceptional)
383 struct radix_tree_node *ret = NULL;
386 * Preload code isn't irq safe and it doesn't make sense to use
387 * preloading during an interrupt anyway as all the allocations have
388 * to be atomic. So just do normal allocation when in interrupt.
390 if (!gfpflags_allow_blocking(gfp_mask) && !in_interrupt()) {
391 struct radix_tree_preload *rtp;
394 * Even if the caller has preloaded, try to allocate from the
395 * cache first for the new node to get accounted to the memory
398 ret = kmem_cache_alloc(radix_tree_node_cachep,
399 gfp_mask | __GFP_NOWARN);
404 * Provided the caller has preloaded here, we will always
405 * succeed in getting a node here (and never reach
408 rtp = this_cpu_ptr(&radix_tree_preloads);
411 rtp->nodes = ret->parent;
415 * Update the allocation stack trace as this is more useful
418 kmemleak_update_trace(ret);
421 ret = kmem_cache_alloc(radix_tree_node_cachep, gfp_mask);
423 BUG_ON(radix_tree_is_internal_node(ret));
426 ret->offset = offset;
428 ret->exceptional = exceptional;
429 ret->parent = parent;
435 static void radix_tree_node_rcu_free(struct rcu_head *head)
437 struct radix_tree_node *node =
438 container_of(head, struct radix_tree_node, rcu_head);
441 * Must only free zeroed nodes into the slab. We can be left with
442 * non-NULL entries by radix_tree_free_nodes, so clear the entries
445 memset(node->slots, 0, sizeof(node->slots));
446 memset(node->tags, 0, sizeof(node->tags));
447 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->private_list);
449 kmem_cache_free(radix_tree_node_cachep, node);
453 radix_tree_node_free(struct radix_tree_node *node)
455 call_rcu(&node->rcu_head, radix_tree_node_rcu_free);
459 * Load up this CPU's radix_tree_node buffer with sufficient objects to
460 * ensure that the addition of a single element in the tree cannot fail. On
461 * success, return zero, with preemption disabled. On error, return -ENOMEM
462 * with preemption not disabled.
464 * To make use of this facility, the radix tree must be initialised without
465 * __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM being passed to INIT_RADIX_TREE().
467 static __must_check int __radix_tree_preload(gfp_t gfp_mask, unsigned nr)
469 struct radix_tree_preload *rtp;
470 struct radix_tree_node *node;
474 * Nodes preloaded by one cgroup can be be used by another cgroup, so
475 * they should never be accounted to any particular memory cgroup.
477 gfp_mask &= ~__GFP_ACCOUNT;
480 rtp = this_cpu_ptr(&radix_tree_preloads);
481 while (rtp->nr < nr) {
483 node = kmem_cache_alloc(radix_tree_node_cachep, gfp_mask);
487 rtp = this_cpu_ptr(&radix_tree_preloads);
489 node->parent = rtp->nodes;
493 kmem_cache_free(radix_tree_node_cachep, node);
502 * Load up this CPU's radix_tree_node buffer with sufficient objects to
503 * ensure that the addition of a single element in the tree cannot fail. On
504 * success, return zero, with preemption disabled. On error, return -ENOMEM
505 * with preemption not disabled.
507 * To make use of this facility, the radix tree must be initialised without
508 * __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM being passed to INIT_RADIX_TREE().
510 int radix_tree_preload(gfp_t gfp_mask)
512 /* Warn on non-sensical use... */
513 WARN_ON_ONCE(!gfpflags_allow_blocking(gfp_mask));
514 return __radix_tree_preload(gfp_mask, RADIX_TREE_PRELOAD_SIZE);
516 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_preload);
519 * The same as above function, except we don't guarantee preloading happens.
520 * We do it, if we decide it helps. On success, return zero with preemption
521 * disabled. On error, return -ENOMEM with preemption not disabled.
523 int radix_tree_maybe_preload(gfp_t gfp_mask)
525 if (gfpflags_allow_blocking(gfp_mask))
526 return __radix_tree_preload(gfp_mask, RADIX_TREE_PRELOAD_SIZE);
527 /* Preloading doesn't help anything with this gfp mask, skip it */
531 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_maybe_preload);
533 #ifdef CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
535 * Preload with enough objects to ensure that we can split a single entry
536 * of order @old_order into many entries of size @new_order
538 int radix_tree_split_preload(unsigned int old_order, unsigned int new_order,
541 unsigned top = 1 << (old_order % RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT);
542 unsigned layers = (old_order / RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT) -
543 (new_order / RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT);
546 WARN_ON_ONCE(!gfpflags_allow_blocking(gfp_mask));
547 BUG_ON(new_order >= old_order);
550 nr = nr * RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE + 1;
551 return __radix_tree_preload(gfp_mask, top * nr);
556 * The same as function above, but preload number of nodes required to insert
557 * (1 << order) continuous naturally-aligned elements.
559 int radix_tree_maybe_preload_order(gfp_t gfp_mask, int order)
561 unsigned long nr_subtrees;
562 int nr_nodes, subtree_height;
564 /* Preloading doesn't help anything with this gfp mask, skip it */
565 if (!gfpflags_allow_blocking(gfp_mask)) {
571 * Calculate number and height of fully populated subtrees it takes to
572 * store (1 << order) elements.
574 nr_subtrees = 1 << order;
575 for (subtree_height = 0; nr_subtrees > RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE;
577 nr_subtrees >>= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
580 * The worst case is zero height tree with a single item at index 0 and
581 * then inserting items starting at ULONG_MAX - (1 << order).
583 * This requires RADIX_TREE_MAX_PATH nodes to build branch from root to
586 nr_nodes = RADIX_TREE_MAX_PATH;
588 /* Plus branch to fully populated subtrees. */
589 nr_nodes += RADIX_TREE_MAX_PATH - subtree_height;
591 /* Root node is shared. */
594 /* Plus nodes required to build subtrees. */
595 nr_nodes += nr_subtrees * height_to_maxnodes[subtree_height];
597 return __radix_tree_preload(gfp_mask, nr_nodes);
600 static unsigned radix_tree_load_root(const struct radix_tree_root *root,
601 struct radix_tree_node **nodep, unsigned long *maxindex)
603 struct radix_tree_node *node = rcu_dereference_raw(root->rnode);
607 if (likely(radix_tree_is_internal_node(node))) {
608 node = entry_to_node(node);
609 *maxindex = node_maxindex(node);
610 return node->shift + RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
618 * Extend a radix tree so it can store key @index.
620 static int radix_tree_extend(struct radix_tree_root *root, gfp_t gfp,
621 unsigned long index, unsigned int shift)
624 unsigned int maxshift;
627 /* Figure out what the shift should be. */
629 while (index > shift_maxindex(maxshift))
630 maxshift += RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
632 entry = rcu_dereference_raw(root->rnode);
633 if (!entry && (!is_idr(root) || root_tag_get(root, IDR_FREE)))
637 struct radix_tree_node *node = radix_tree_node_alloc(gfp, NULL,
638 root, shift, 0, 1, 0);
643 all_tag_set(node, IDR_FREE);
644 if (!root_tag_get(root, IDR_FREE)) {
645 tag_clear(node, IDR_FREE, 0);
646 root_tag_set(root, IDR_FREE);
649 /* Propagate the aggregated tag info to the new child */
650 for (tag = 0; tag < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS; tag++) {
651 if (root_tag_get(root, tag))
652 tag_set(node, tag, 0);
656 BUG_ON(shift > BITS_PER_LONG);
657 if (radix_tree_is_internal_node(entry)) {
658 entry_to_node(entry)->parent = node;
659 } else if (radix_tree_exceptional_entry(entry)) {
660 /* Moving an exceptional root->rnode to a node */
661 node->exceptional = 1;
664 * entry was already in the radix tree, so we do not need
665 * rcu_assign_pointer here
667 node->slots[0] = (void __rcu *)entry;
668 entry = node_to_entry(node);
669 rcu_assign_pointer(root->rnode, entry);
670 shift += RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
671 } while (shift <= maxshift);
673 return maxshift + RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
677 * radix_tree_shrink - shrink radix tree to minimum height
678 * @root radix tree root
680 static inline bool radix_tree_shrink(struct radix_tree_root *root,
681 radix_tree_update_node_t update_node)
686 struct radix_tree_node *node = rcu_dereference_raw(root->rnode);
687 struct radix_tree_node *child;
689 if (!radix_tree_is_internal_node(node))
691 node = entry_to_node(node);
694 * The candidate node has more than one child, or its child
695 * is not at the leftmost slot, or the child is a multiorder
696 * entry, we cannot shrink.
698 if (node->count != 1)
700 child = rcu_dereference_raw(node->slots[0]);
703 if (!radix_tree_is_internal_node(child) && node->shift)
706 if (radix_tree_is_internal_node(child))
707 entry_to_node(child)->parent = NULL;
710 * We don't need rcu_assign_pointer(), since we are simply
711 * moving the node from one part of the tree to another: if it
712 * was safe to dereference the old pointer to it
713 * (node->slots[0]), it will be safe to dereference the new
714 * one (root->rnode) as far as dependent read barriers go.
716 root->rnode = (void __rcu *)child;
717 if (is_idr(root) && !tag_get(node, IDR_FREE, 0))
718 root_tag_clear(root, IDR_FREE);
721 * We have a dilemma here. The node's slot[0] must not be
722 * NULLed in case there are concurrent lookups expecting to
723 * find the item. However if this was a bottom-level node,
724 * then it may be subject to the slot pointer being visible
725 * to callers dereferencing it. If item corresponding to
726 * slot[0] is subsequently deleted, these callers would expect
727 * their slot to become empty sooner or later.
729 * For example, lockless pagecache will look up a slot, deref
730 * the page pointer, and if the page has 0 refcount it means it
731 * was concurrently deleted from pagecache so try the deref
732 * again. Fortunately there is already a requirement for logic
733 * to retry the entire slot lookup -- the indirect pointer
734 * problem (replacing direct root node with an indirect pointer
735 * also results in a stale slot). So tag the slot as indirect
736 * to force callers to retry.
739 if (!radix_tree_is_internal_node(child)) {
740 node->slots[0] = (void __rcu *)RADIX_TREE_RETRY;
745 WARN_ON_ONCE(!list_empty(&node->private_list));
746 radix_tree_node_free(node);
753 static bool delete_node(struct radix_tree_root *root,
754 struct radix_tree_node *node,
755 radix_tree_update_node_t update_node)
757 bool deleted = false;
760 struct radix_tree_node *parent;
763 if (node_to_entry(node) ==
764 rcu_dereference_raw(root->rnode))
765 deleted |= radix_tree_shrink(root,
770 parent = node->parent;
772 parent->slots[node->offset] = NULL;
776 * Shouldn't the tags already have all been cleared
780 root_tag_clear_all(root);
784 WARN_ON_ONCE(!list_empty(&node->private_list));
785 radix_tree_node_free(node);
795 * __radix_tree_create - create a slot in a radix tree
796 * @root: radix tree root
798 * @order: index occupies 2^order aligned slots
799 * @nodep: returns node
800 * @slotp: returns slot
802 * Create, if necessary, and return the node and slot for an item
803 * at position @index in the radix tree @root.
805 * Until there is more than one item in the tree, no nodes are
806 * allocated and @root->rnode is used as a direct slot instead of
807 * pointing to a node, in which case *@nodep will be NULL.
809 * Returns -ENOMEM, or 0 for success.
811 int __radix_tree_create(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index,
812 unsigned order, struct radix_tree_node **nodep,
815 struct radix_tree_node *node = NULL, *child;
816 void __rcu **slot = (void __rcu **)&root->rnode;
817 unsigned long maxindex;
818 unsigned int shift, offset = 0;
819 unsigned long max = index | ((1UL << order) - 1);
820 gfp_t gfp = root_gfp_mask(root);
822 shift = radix_tree_load_root(root, &child, &maxindex);
824 /* Make sure the tree is high enough. */
825 if (order > 0 && max == ((1UL << order) - 1))
827 if (max > maxindex) {
828 int error = radix_tree_extend(root, gfp, max, shift);
832 child = rcu_dereference_raw(root->rnode);
835 while (shift > order) {
836 shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
838 /* Have to add a child node. */
839 child = radix_tree_node_alloc(gfp, node, root, shift,
843 rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, node_to_entry(child));
846 } else if (!radix_tree_is_internal_node(child))
849 /* Go a level down */
850 node = entry_to_node(child);
851 offset = radix_tree_descend(node, &child, index);
852 slot = &node->slots[offset];
863 * Free any nodes below this node. The tree is presumed to not need
864 * shrinking, and any user data in the tree is presumed to not need a
865 * destructor called on it. If we need to add a destructor, we can
866 * add that functionality later. Note that we may not clear tags or
867 * slots from the tree as an RCU walker may still have a pointer into
868 * this subtree. We could replace the entries with RADIX_TREE_RETRY,
869 * but we'll still have to clear those in rcu_free.
871 static void radix_tree_free_nodes(struct radix_tree_node *node)
874 struct radix_tree_node *child = entry_to_node(node);
877 void *entry = rcu_dereference_raw(child->slots[offset]);
878 if (radix_tree_is_internal_node(entry) &&
879 !is_sibling_entry(child, entry)) {
880 child = entry_to_node(entry);
885 while (offset == RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE) {
886 struct radix_tree_node *old = child;
887 offset = child->offset + 1;
888 child = child->parent;
889 WARN_ON_ONCE(!list_empty(&old->private_list));
890 radix_tree_node_free(old);
891 if (old == entry_to_node(node))
897 #ifdef CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
898 static inline int insert_entries(struct radix_tree_node *node,
899 void __rcu **slot, void *item, unsigned order, bool replace)
901 struct radix_tree_node *child;
902 unsigned i, n, tag, offset, tags = 0;
905 if (order > node->shift)
906 n = 1 << (order - node->shift);
909 offset = get_slot_offset(node, slot);
916 offset = offset & ~(n - 1);
917 slot = &node->slots[offset];
919 child = node_to_entry(slot);
921 for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
925 for (tag = 0; tag < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS; tag++)
926 if (tag_get(node, tag, offset + i))
933 for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
934 struct radix_tree_node *old = rcu_dereference_raw(slot[i]);
936 rcu_assign_pointer(slot[i], child);
937 for (tag = 0; tag < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS; tag++)
938 if (tags & (1 << tag))
939 tag_clear(node, tag, offset + i);
941 rcu_assign_pointer(slot[i], item);
942 for (tag = 0; tag < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS; tag++)
943 if (tags & (1 << tag))
944 tag_set(node, tag, offset);
946 if (radix_tree_is_internal_node(old) &&
947 !is_sibling_entry(node, old) &&
948 (old != RADIX_TREE_RETRY))
949 radix_tree_free_nodes(old);
950 if (radix_tree_exceptional_entry(old))
955 if (radix_tree_exceptional_entry(item))
956 node->exceptional += n;
961 static inline int insert_entries(struct radix_tree_node *node,
962 void __rcu **slot, void *item, unsigned order, bool replace)
966 rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, item);
969 if (radix_tree_exceptional_entry(item))
977 * __radix_tree_insert - insert into a radix tree
978 * @root: radix tree root
980 * @order: key covers the 2^order indices around index
981 * @item: item to insert
983 * Insert an item into the radix tree at position @index.
985 int __radix_tree_insert(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index,
986 unsigned order, void *item)
988 struct radix_tree_node *node;
992 BUG_ON(radix_tree_is_internal_node(item));
994 error = __radix_tree_create(root, index, order, &node, &slot);
998 error = insert_entries(node, slot, item, order, false);
1003 unsigned offset = get_slot_offset(node, slot);
1004 BUG_ON(tag_get(node, 0, offset));
1005 BUG_ON(tag_get(node, 1, offset));
1006 BUG_ON(tag_get(node, 2, offset));
1008 BUG_ON(root_tags_get(root));
1013 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__radix_tree_insert);
1016 * __radix_tree_lookup - lookup an item in a radix tree
1017 * @root: radix tree root
1019 * @nodep: returns node
1020 * @slotp: returns slot
1022 * Lookup and return the item at position @index in the radix
1025 * Until there is more than one item in the tree, no nodes are
1026 * allocated and @root->rnode is used as a direct slot instead of
1027 * pointing to a node, in which case *@nodep will be NULL.
1029 void *__radix_tree_lookup(const struct radix_tree_root *root,
1030 unsigned long index, struct radix_tree_node **nodep,
1031 void __rcu ***slotp)
1033 struct radix_tree_node *node, *parent;
1034 unsigned long maxindex;
1039 slot = (void __rcu **)&root->rnode;
1040 radix_tree_load_root(root, &node, &maxindex);
1041 if (index > maxindex)
1044 while (radix_tree_is_internal_node(node)) {
1047 if (node == RADIX_TREE_RETRY)
1049 parent = entry_to_node(node);
1050 offset = radix_tree_descend(parent, &node, index);
1051 slot = parent->slots + offset;
1062 * radix_tree_lookup_slot - lookup a slot in a radix tree
1063 * @root: radix tree root
1066 * Returns: the slot corresponding to the position @index in the
1067 * radix tree @root. This is useful for update-if-exists operations.
1069 * This function can be called under rcu_read_lock iff the slot is not
1070 * modified by radix_tree_replace_slot, otherwise it must be called
1071 * exclusive from other writers. Any dereference of the slot must be done
1072 * using radix_tree_deref_slot.
1074 void __rcu **radix_tree_lookup_slot(const struct radix_tree_root *root,
1075 unsigned long index)
1079 if (!__radix_tree_lookup(root, index, NULL, &slot))
1083 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_lookup_slot);
1086 * radix_tree_lookup - perform lookup operation on a radix tree
1087 * @root: radix tree root
1090 * Lookup the item at the position @index in the radix tree @root.
1092 * This function can be called under rcu_read_lock, however the caller
1093 * must manage lifetimes of leaf nodes (eg. RCU may also be used to free
1094 * them safely). No RCU barriers are required to access or modify the
1095 * returned item, however.
1097 void *radix_tree_lookup(const struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index)
1099 return __radix_tree_lookup(root, index, NULL, NULL);
1101 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_lookup);
1103 static inline void replace_sibling_entries(struct radix_tree_node *node,
1104 void __rcu **slot, int count, int exceptional)
1106 #ifdef CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
1107 void *ptr = node_to_entry(slot);
1108 unsigned offset = get_slot_offset(node, slot) + 1;
1110 while (offset < RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE) {
1111 if (rcu_dereference_raw(node->slots[offset]) != ptr)
1114 node->slots[offset] = NULL;
1117 node->exceptional += exceptional;
1123 static void replace_slot(void __rcu **slot, void *item,
1124 struct radix_tree_node *node, int count, int exceptional)
1126 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(radix_tree_is_internal_node(item)))
1129 if (node && (count || exceptional)) {
1130 node->count += count;
1131 node->exceptional += exceptional;
1132 replace_sibling_entries(node, slot, count, exceptional);
1135 rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, item);
1138 static bool node_tag_get(const struct radix_tree_root *root,
1139 const struct radix_tree_node *node,
1140 unsigned int tag, unsigned int offset)
1143 return tag_get(node, tag, offset);
1144 return root_tag_get(root, tag);
1148 * IDR users want to be able to store NULL in the tree, so if the slot isn't
1149 * free, don't adjust the count, even if it's transitioning between NULL and
1150 * non-NULL. For the IDA, we mark slots as being IDR_FREE while they still
1151 * have empty bits, but it only stores NULL in slots when they're being
1154 static int calculate_count(struct radix_tree_root *root,
1155 struct radix_tree_node *node, void __rcu **slot,
1156 void *item, void *old)
1159 unsigned offset = get_slot_offset(node, slot);
1160 bool free = node_tag_get(root, node, IDR_FREE, offset);
1166 return !!item - !!old;
1170 * __radix_tree_replace - replace item in a slot
1171 * @root: radix tree root
1172 * @node: pointer to tree node
1173 * @slot: pointer to slot in @node
1174 * @item: new item to store in the slot.
1175 * @update_node: callback for changing leaf nodes
1177 * For use with __radix_tree_lookup(). Caller must hold tree write locked
1178 * across slot lookup and replacement.
1180 void __radix_tree_replace(struct radix_tree_root *root,
1181 struct radix_tree_node *node,
1182 void __rcu **slot, void *item,
1183 radix_tree_update_node_t update_node)
1185 void *old = rcu_dereference_raw(*slot);
1186 int exceptional = !!radix_tree_exceptional_entry(item) -
1187 !!radix_tree_exceptional_entry(old);
1188 int count = calculate_count(root, node, slot, item, old);
1191 * This function supports replacing exceptional entries and
1192 * deleting entries, but that needs accounting against the
1193 * node unless the slot is root->rnode.
1195 WARN_ON_ONCE(!node && (slot != (void __rcu **)&root->rnode) &&
1196 (count || exceptional));
1197 replace_slot(slot, item, node, count, exceptional);
1205 delete_node(root, node, update_node);
1209 * radix_tree_replace_slot - replace item in a slot
1210 * @root: radix tree root
1211 * @slot: pointer to slot
1212 * @item: new item to store in the slot.
1214 * For use with radix_tree_lookup_slot(), radix_tree_gang_lookup_slot(),
1215 * radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag_slot(). Caller must hold tree write locked
1216 * across slot lookup and replacement.
1218 * NOTE: This cannot be used to switch between non-entries (empty slots),
1219 * regular entries, and exceptional entries, as that requires accounting
1220 * inside the radix tree node. When switching from one type of entry or
1221 * deleting, use __radix_tree_lookup() and __radix_tree_replace() or
1222 * radix_tree_iter_replace().
1224 void radix_tree_replace_slot(struct radix_tree_root *root,
1225 void __rcu **slot, void *item)
1227 __radix_tree_replace(root, NULL, slot, item, NULL);
1229 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_replace_slot);
1232 * radix_tree_iter_replace - replace item in a slot
1233 * @root: radix tree root
1234 * @slot: pointer to slot
1235 * @item: new item to store in the slot.
1237 * For use with radix_tree_split() and radix_tree_for_each_slot().
1238 * Caller must hold tree write locked across split and replacement.
1240 void radix_tree_iter_replace(struct radix_tree_root *root,
1241 const struct radix_tree_iter *iter,
1242 void __rcu **slot, void *item)
1244 __radix_tree_replace(root, iter->node, slot, item, NULL);
1247 #ifdef CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
1249 * radix_tree_join - replace multiple entries with one multiorder entry
1250 * @root: radix tree root
1251 * @index: an index inside the new entry
1252 * @order: order of the new entry
1255 * Call this function to replace several entries with one larger entry.
1256 * The existing entries are presumed to not need freeing as a result of
1259 * The replacement entry will have all the tags set on it that were set
1260 * on any of the entries it is replacing.
1262 int radix_tree_join(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index,
1263 unsigned order, void *item)
1265 struct radix_tree_node *node;
1269 BUG_ON(radix_tree_is_internal_node(item));
1271 error = __radix_tree_create(root, index, order, &node, &slot);
1273 error = insert_entries(node, slot, item, order, true);
1281 * radix_tree_split - Split an entry into smaller entries
1282 * @root: radix tree root
1283 * @index: An index within the large entry
1284 * @order: Order of new entries
1286 * Call this function as the first step in replacing a multiorder entry
1287 * with several entries of lower order. After this function returns,
1288 * loop over the relevant portion of the tree using radix_tree_for_each_slot()
1289 * and call radix_tree_iter_replace() to set up each new entry.
1291 * The tags from this entry are replicated to all the new entries.
1293 * The radix tree should be locked against modification during the entire
1294 * replacement operation. Lock-free lookups will see RADIX_TREE_RETRY which
1295 * should prompt RCU walkers to restart the lookup from the root.
1297 int radix_tree_split(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index,
1300 struct radix_tree_node *parent, *node, *child;
1302 unsigned int offset, end;
1303 unsigned n, tag, tags = 0;
1304 gfp_t gfp = root_gfp_mask(root);
1306 if (!__radix_tree_lookup(root, index, &parent, &slot))
1311 offset = get_slot_offset(parent, slot);
1313 for (tag = 0; tag < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS; tag++)
1314 if (tag_get(parent, tag, offset))
1317 for (end = offset + 1; end < RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE; end++) {
1318 if (!is_sibling_entry(parent,
1319 rcu_dereference_raw(parent->slots[end])))
1321 for (tag = 0; tag < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS; tag++)
1322 if (tags & (1 << tag))
1323 tag_set(parent, tag, end);
1324 /* rcu_assign_pointer ensures tags are set before RETRY */
1325 rcu_assign_pointer(parent->slots[end], RADIX_TREE_RETRY);
1327 rcu_assign_pointer(parent->slots[offset], RADIX_TREE_RETRY);
1328 parent->exceptional -= (end - offset);
1330 if (order == parent->shift)
1332 if (order > parent->shift) {
1333 while (offset < end)
1334 offset += insert_entries(parent, &parent->slots[offset],
1335 RADIX_TREE_RETRY, order, true);
1342 if (node->shift > order) {
1343 child = radix_tree_node_alloc(gfp, node, root,
1344 node->shift - RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT,
1348 if (node != parent) {
1350 rcu_assign_pointer(node->slots[offset],
1351 node_to_entry(child));
1352 for (tag = 0; tag < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS; tag++)
1353 if (tags & (1 << tag))
1354 tag_set(node, tag, offset);
1362 n = insert_entries(node, &node->slots[offset],
1363 RADIX_TREE_RETRY, order, false);
1364 BUG_ON(n > RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE);
1366 for (tag = 0; tag < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS; tag++)
1367 if (tags & (1 << tag))
1368 tag_set(node, tag, offset);
1371 while (offset == RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE) {
1374 offset = node->offset;
1376 node = node->parent;
1377 rcu_assign_pointer(node->slots[offset],
1378 node_to_entry(child));
1381 if ((node == parent) && (offset == end))
1386 /* Shouldn't happen; did user forget to preload? */
1387 /* TODO: free all the allocated nodes */
1393 static void node_tag_set(struct radix_tree_root *root,
1394 struct radix_tree_node *node,
1395 unsigned int tag, unsigned int offset)
1398 if (tag_get(node, tag, offset))
1400 tag_set(node, tag, offset);
1401 offset = node->offset;
1402 node = node->parent;
1405 if (!root_tag_get(root, tag))
1406 root_tag_set(root, tag);
1410 * radix_tree_tag_set - set a tag on a radix tree node
1411 * @root: radix tree root
1415 * Set the search tag (which must be < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS)
1416 * corresponding to @index in the radix tree. From
1417 * the root all the way down to the leaf node.
1419 * Returns the address of the tagged item. Setting a tag on a not-present
1422 void *radix_tree_tag_set(struct radix_tree_root *root,
1423 unsigned long index, unsigned int tag)
1425 struct radix_tree_node *node, *parent;
1426 unsigned long maxindex;
1428 radix_tree_load_root(root, &node, &maxindex);
1429 BUG_ON(index > maxindex);
1431 while (radix_tree_is_internal_node(node)) {
1434 parent = entry_to_node(node);
1435 offset = radix_tree_descend(parent, &node, index);
1438 if (!tag_get(parent, tag, offset))
1439 tag_set(parent, tag, offset);
1442 /* set the root's tag bit */
1443 if (!root_tag_get(root, tag))
1444 root_tag_set(root, tag);
1448 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_tag_set);
1451 * radix_tree_iter_tag_set - set a tag on the current iterator entry
1452 * @root: radix tree root
1453 * @iter: iterator state
1456 void radix_tree_iter_tag_set(struct radix_tree_root *root,
1457 const struct radix_tree_iter *iter, unsigned int tag)
1459 node_tag_set(root, iter->node, tag, iter_offset(iter));
1462 static void node_tag_clear(struct radix_tree_root *root,
1463 struct radix_tree_node *node,
1464 unsigned int tag, unsigned int offset)
1467 if (!tag_get(node, tag, offset))
1469 tag_clear(node, tag, offset);
1470 if (any_tag_set(node, tag))
1473 offset = node->offset;
1474 node = node->parent;
1477 /* clear the root's tag bit */
1478 if (root_tag_get(root, tag))
1479 root_tag_clear(root, tag);
1483 * radix_tree_tag_clear - clear a tag on a radix tree node
1484 * @root: radix tree root
1488 * Clear the search tag (which must be < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS)
1489 * corresponding to @index in the radix tree. If this causes
1490 * the leaf node to have no tags set then clear the tag in the
1491 * next-to-leaf node, etc.
1493 * Returns the address of the tagged item on success, else NULL. ie:
1494 * has the same return value and semantics as radix_tree_lookup().
1496 void *radix_tree_tag_clear(struct radix_tree_root *root,
1497 unsigned long index, unsigned int tag)
1499 struct radix_tree_node *node, *parent;
1500 unsigned long maxindex;
1501 int uninitialized_var(offset);
1503 radix_tree_load_root(root, &node, &maxindex);
1504 if (index > maxindex)
1509 while (radix_tree_is_internal_node(node)) {
1510 parent = entry_to_node(node);
1511 offset = radix_tree_descend(parent, &node, index);
1515 node_tag_clear(root, parent, tag, offset);
1519 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_tag_clear);
1522 * radix_tree_iter_tag_clear - clear a tag on the current iterator entry
1523 * @root: radix tree root
1524 * @iter: iterator state
1525 * @tag: tag to clear
1527 void radix_tree_iter_tag_clear(struct radix_tree_root *root,
1528 const struct radix_tree_iter *iter, unsigned int tag)
1530 node_tag_clear(root, iter->node, tag, iter_offset(iter));
1534 * radix_tree_tag_get - get a tag on a radix tree node
1535 * @root: radix tree root
1537 * @tag: tag index (< RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS)
1541 * 0: tag not present or not set
1544 * Note that the return value of this function may not be relied on, even if
1545 * the RCU lock is held, unless tag modification and node deletion are excluded
1548 int radix_tree_tag_get(const struct radix_tree_root *root,
1549 unsigned long index, unsigned int tag)
1551 struct radix_tree_node *node, *parent;
1552 unsigned long maxindex;
1554 if (!root_tag_get(root, tag))
1557 radix_tree_load_root(root, &node, &maxindex);
1558 if (index > maxindex)
1561 while (radix_tree_is_internal_node(node)) {
1564 parent = entry_to_node(node);
1565 offset = radix_tree_descend(parent, &node, index);
1567 if (!tag_get(parent, tag, offset))
1569 if (node == RADIX_TREE_RETRY)
1575 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_tag_get);
1577 static inline void __set_iter_shift(struct radix_tree_iter *iter,
1580 #ifdef CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
1581 iter->shift = shift;
1585 /* Construct iter->tags bit-mask from node->tags[tag] array */
1586 static void set_iter_tags(struct radix_tree_iter *iter,
1587 struct radix_tree_node *node, unsigned offset,
1590 unsigned tag_long = offset / BITS_PER_LONG;
1591 unsigned tag_bit = offset % BITS_PER_LONG;
1598 iter->tags = node->tags[tag][tag_long] >> tag_bit;
1600 /* This never happens if RADIX_TREE_TAG_LONGS == 1 */
1601 if (tag_long < RADIX_TREE_TAG_LONGS - 1) {
1602 /* Pick tags from next element */
1604 iter->tags |= node->tags[tag][tag_long + 1] <<
1605 (BITS_PER_LONG - tag_bit);
1606 /* Clip chunk size, here only BITS_PER_LONG tags */
1607 iter->next_index = __radix_tree_iter_add(iter, BITS_PER_LONG);
1611 #ifdef CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
1612 static void __rcu **skip_siblings(struct radix_tree_node **nodep,
1613 void __rcu **slot, struct radix_tree_iter *iter)
1615 while (iter->index < iter->next_index) {
1616 *nodep = rcu_dereference_raw(*slot);
1617 if (*nodep && !is_sibling_entry(iter->node, *nodep))
1620 iter->index = __radix_tree_iter_add(iter, 1);
1628 void __rcu **__radix_tree_next_slot(void __rcu **slot,
1629 struct radix_tree_iter *iter, unsigned flags)
1631 unsigned tag = flags & RADIX_TREE_ITER_TAG_MASK;
1632 struct radix_tree_node *node;
1634 slot = skip_siblings(&node, slot, iter);
1636 while (radix_tree_is_internal_node(node)) {
1638 unsigned long next_index;
1640 if (node == RADIX_TREE_RETRY)
1642 node = entry_to_node(node);
1644 iter->shift = node->shift;
1646 if (flags & RADIX_TREE_ITER_TAGGED) {
1647 offset = radix_tree_find_next_bit(node, tag, 0);
1648 if (offset == RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE)
1650 slot = &node->slots[offset];
1651 iter->index = __radix_tree_iter_add(iter, offset);
1652 set_iter_tags(iter, node, offset, tag);
1653 node = rcu_dereference_raw(*slot);
1656 slot = &node->slots[0];
1658 node = rcu_dereference_raw(*slot);
1663 if (offset == RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE)
1666 iter->index = __radix_tree_iter_add(iter, offset);
1668 if ((flags & RADIX_TREE_ITER_CONTIG) && (offset > 0))
1670 next_index = (iter->index | shift_maxindex(iter->shift)) + 1;
1671 if (next_index < iter->next_index)
1672 iter->next_index = next_index;
1677 iter->next_index = 0;
1680 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__radix_tree_next_slot);
1682 static void __rcu **skip_siblings(struct radix_tree_node **nodep,
1683 void __rcu **slot, struct radix_tree_iter *iter)
1689 void __rcu **radix_tree_iter_resume(void __rcu **slot,
1690 struct radix_tree_iter *iter)
1692 struct radix_tree_node *node;
1695 iter->index = __radix_tree_iter_add(iter, 1);
1696 skip_siblings(&node, slot, iter);
1697 iter->next_index = iter->index;
1701 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_iter_resume);
1704 * radix_tree_next_chunk - find next chunk of slots for iteration
1706 * @root: radix tree root
1707 * @iter: iterator state
1708 * @flags: RADIX_TREE_ITER_* flags and tag index
1709 * Returns: pointer to chunk first slot, or NULL if iteration is over
1711 void __rcu **radix_tree_next_chunk(const struct radix_tree_root *root,
1712 struct radix_tree_iter *iter, unsigned flags)
1714 unsigned tag = flags & RADIX_TREE_ITER_TAG_MASK;
1715 struct radix_tree_node *node, *child;
1716 unsigned long index, offset, maxindex;
1718 if ((flags & RADIX_TREE_ITER_TAGGED) && !root_tag_get(root, tag))
1722 * Catch next_index overflow after ~0UL. iter->index never overflows
1723 * during iterating; it can be zero only at the beginning.
1724 * And we cannot overflow iter->next_index in a single step,
1725 * because RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT < BITS_PER_LONG.
1727 * This condition also used by radix_tree_next_slot() to stop
1728 * contiguous iterating, and forbid switching to the next chunk.
1730 index = iter->next_index;
1731 if (!index && iter->index)
1735 radix_tree_load_root(root, &child, &maxindex);
1736 if (index > maxindex)
1741 if (!radix_tree_is_internal_node(child)) {
1742 /* Single-slot tree */
1743 iter->index = index;
1744 iter->next_index = maxindex + 1;
1747 __set_iter_shift(iter, 0);
1748 return (void __rcu **)&root->rnode;
1752 node = entry_to_node(child);
1753 offset = radix_tree_descend(node, &child, index);
1755 if ((flags & RADIX_TREE_ITER_TAGGED) ?
1756 !tag_get(node, tag, offset) : !child) {
1758 if (flags & RADIX_TREE_ITER_CONTIG)
1761 if (flags & RADIX_TREE_ITER_TAGGED)
1762 offset = radix_tree_find_next_bit(node, tag,
1765 while (++offset < RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE) {
1766 void *slot = rcu_dereference_raw(
1767 node->slots[offset]);
1768 if (is_sibling_entry(node, slot))
1773 index &= ~node_maxindex(node);
1774 index += offset << node->shift;
1775 /* Overflow after ~0UL */
1778 if (offset == RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE)
1780 child = rcu_dereference_raw(node->slots[offset]);
1785 if (child == RADIX_TREE_RETRY)
1787 } while (radix_tree_is_internal_node(child));
1789 /* Update the iterator state */
1790 iter->index = (index &~ node_maxindex(node)) | (offset << node->shift);
1791 iter->next_index = (index | node_maxindex(node)) + 1;
1793 __set_iter_shift(iter, node->shift);
1795 if (flags & RADIX_TREE_ITER_TAGGED)
1796 set_iter_tags(iter, node, offset, tag);
1798 return node->slots + offset;
1800 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_next_chunk);
1803 * radix_tree_gang_lookup - perform multiple lookup on a radix tree
1804 * @root: radix tree root
1805 * @results: where the results of the lookup are placed
1806 * @first_index: start the lookup from this key
1807 * @max_items: place up to this many items at *results
1809 * Performs an index-ascending scan of the tree for present items. Places
1810 * them at *@results and returns the number of items which were placed at
1813 * The implementation is naive.
1815 * Like radix_tree_lookup, radix_tree_gang_lookup may be called under
1816 * rcu_read_lock. In this case, rather than the returned results being
1817 * an atomic snapshot of the tree at a single point in time, the
1818 * semantics of an RCU protected gang lookup are as though multiple
1819 * radix_tree_lookups have been issued in individual locks, and results
1820 * stored in 'results'.
1823 radix_tree_gang_lookup(const struct radix_tree_root *root, void **results,
1824 unsigned long first_index, unsigned int max_items)
1826 struct radix_tree_iter iter;
1828 unsigned int ret = 0;
1830 if (unlikely(!max_items))
1833 radix_tree_for_each_slot(slot, root, &iter, first_index) {
1834 results[ret] = rcu_dereference_raw(*slot);
1837 if (radix_tree_is_internal_node(results[ret])) {
1838 slot = radix_tree_iter_retry(&iter);
1841 if (++ret == max_items)
1847 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_gang_lookup);
1850 * radix_tree_gang_lookup_slot - perform multiple slot lookup on radix tree
1851 * @root: radix tree root
1852 * @results: where the results of the lookup are placed
1853 * @indices: where their indices should be placed (but usually NULL)
1854 * @first_index: start the lookup from this key
1855 * @max_items: place up to this many items at *results
1857 * Performs an index-ascending scan of the tree for present items. Places
1858 * their slots at *@results and returns the number of items which were
1859 * placed at *@results.
1861 * The implementation is naive.
1863 * Like radix_tree_gang_lookup as far as RCU and locking goes. Slots must
1864 * be dereferenced with radix_tree_deref_slot, and if using only RCU
1865 * protection, radix_tree_deref_slot may fail requiring a retry.
1868 radix_tree_gang_lookup_slot(const struct radix_tree_root *root,
1869 void __rcu ***results, unsigned long *indices,
1870 unsigned long first_index, unsigned int max_items)
1872 struct radix_tree_iter iter;
1874 unsigned int ret = 0;
1876 if (unlikely(!max_items))
1879 radix_tree_for_each_slot(slot, root, &iter, first_index) {
1880 results[ret] = slot;
1882 indices[ret] = iter.index;
1883 if (++ret == max_items)
1889 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_gang_lookup_slot);
1892 * radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag - perform multiple lookup on a radix tree
1894 * @root: radix tree root
1895 * @results: where the results of the lookup are placed
1896 * @first_index: start the lookup from this key
1897 * @max_items: place up to this many items at *results
1898 * @tag: the tag index (< RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS)
1900 * Performs an index-ascending scan of the tree for present items which
1901 * have the tag indexed by @tag set. Places the items at *@results and
1902 * returns the number of items which were placed at *@results.
1905 radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag(const struct radix_tree_root *root, void **results,
1906 unsigned long first_index, unsigned int max_items,
1909 struct radix_tree_iter iter;
1911 unsigned int ret = 0;
1913 if (unlikely(!max_items))
1916 radix_tree_for_each_tagged(slot, root, &iter, first_index, tag) {
1917 results[ret] = rcu_dereference_raw(*slot);
1920 if (radix_tree_is_internal_node(results[ret])) {
1921 slot = radix_tree_iter_retry(&iter);
1924 if (++ret == max_items)
1930 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag);
1933 * radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag_slot - perform multiple slot lookup on a
1934 * radix tree based on a tag
1935 * @root: radix tree root
1936 * @results: where the results of the lookup are placed
1937 * @first_index: start the lookup from this key
1938 * @max_items: place up to this many items at *results
1939 * @tag: the tag index (< RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS)
1941 * Performs an index-ascending scan of the tree for present items which
1942 * have the tag indexed by @tag set. Places the slots at *@results and
1943 * returns the number of slots which were placed at *@results.
1946 radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag_slot(const struct radix_tree_root *root,
1947 void __rcu ***results, unsigned long first_index,
1948 unsigned int max_items, unsigned int tag)
1950 struct radix_tree_iter iter;
1952 unsigned int ret = 0;
1954 if (unlikely(!max_items))
1957 radix_tree_for_each_tagged(slot, root, &iter, first_index, tag) {
1958 results[ret] = slot;
1959 if (++ret == max_items)
1965 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag_slot);
1968 * __radix_tree_delete_node - try to free node after clearing a slot
1969 * @root: radix tree root
1970 * @node: node containing @index
1971 * @update_node: callback for changing leaf nodes
1973 * After clearing the slot at @index in @node from radix tree
1974 * rooted at @root, call this function to attempt freeing the
1975 * node and shrinking the tree.
1977 void __radix_tree_delete_node(struct radix_tree_root *root,
1978 struct radix_tree_node *node,
1979 radix_tree_update_node_t update_node)
1981 delete_node(root, node, update_node);
1984 static bool __radix_tree_delete(struct radix_tree_root *root,
1985 struct radix_tree_node *node, void __rcu **slot)
1987 void *old = rcu_dereference_raw(*slot);
1988 int exceptional = radix_tree_exceptional_entry(old) ? -1 : 0;
1989 unsigned offset = get_slot_offset(node, slot);
1993 node_tag_set(root, node, IDR_FREE, offset);
1995 for (tag = 0; tag < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS; tag++)
1996 node_tag_clear(root, node, tag, offset);
1998 replace_slot(slot, NULL, node, -1, exceptional);
1999 return node && delete_node(root, node, NULL);
2003 * radix_tree_iter_delete - delete the entry at this iterator position
2004 * @root: radix tree root
2005 * @iter: iterator state
2006 * @slot: pointer to slot
2008 * Delete the entry at the position currently pointed to by the iterator.
2009 * This may result in the current node being freed; if it is, the iterator
2010 * is advanced so that it will not reference the freed memory. This
2011 * function may be called without any locking if there are no other threads
2012 * which can access this tree.
2014 void radix_tree_iter_delete(struct radix_tree_root *root,
2015 struct radix_tree_iter *iter, void __rcu **slot)
2017 if (__radix_tree_delete(root, iter->node, slot))
2018 iter->index = iter->next_index;
2020 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_iter_delete);
2023 * radix_tree_delete_item - delete an item from a radix tree
2024 * @root: radix tree root
2026 * @item: expected item
2028 * Remove @item at @index from the radix tree rooted at @root.
2030 * Return: the deleted entry, or %NULL if it was not present
2031 * or the entry at the given @index was not @item.
2033 void *radix_tree_delete_item(struct radix_tree_root *root,
2034 unsigned long index, void *item)
2036 struct radix_tree_node *node = NULL;
2037 void __rcu **slot = NULL;
2040 entry = __radix_tree_lookup(root, index, &node, &slot);
2043 if (!entry && (!is_idr(root) || node_tag_get(root, node, IDR_FREE,
2044 get_slot_offset(node, slot))))
2047 if (item && entry != item)
2050 __radix_tree_delete(root, node, slot);
2054 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_delete_item);
2057 * radix_tree_delete - delete an entry from a radix tree
2058 * @root: radix tree root
2061 * Remove the entry at @index from the radix tree rooted at @root.
2063 * Return: The deleted entry, or %NULL if it was not present.
2065 void *radix_tree_delete(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index)
2067 return radix_tree_delete_item(root, index, NULL);
2069 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_delete);
2071 void radix_tree_clear_tags(struct radix_tree_root *root,
2072 struct radix_tree_node *node,
2076 unsigned int tag, offset = get_slot_offset(node, slot);
2077 for (tag = 0; tag < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS; tag++)
2078 node_tag_clear(root, node, tag, offset);
2080 root_tag_clear_all(root);
2085 * radix_tree_tagged - test whether any items in the tree are tagged
2086 * @root: radix tree root
2089 int radix_tree_tagged(const struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned int tag)
2091 return root_tag_get(root, tag);
2093 EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_tagged);
2096 * idr_preload - preload for idr_alloc()
2097 * @gfp_mask: allocation mask to use for preloading
2099 * Preallocate memory to use for the next call to idr_alloc(). This function
2100 * returns with preemption disabled. It will be enabled by idr_preload_end().
2102 void idr_preload(gfp_t gfp_mask)
2104 if (__radix_tree_preload(gfp_mask, IDR_PRELOAD_SIZE))
2107 EXPORT_SYMBOL(idr_preload);
2110 * ida_pre_get - reserve resources for ida allocation
2112 * @gfp: memory allocation flags
2114 * This function should be called before calling ida_get_new_above(). If it
2115 * is unable to allocate memory, it will return %0. On success, it returns %1.
2117 int ida_pre_get(struct ida *ida, gfp_t gfp)
2120 * The IDA API has no preload_end() equivalent. Instead,
2121 * ida_get_new() can return -EAGAIN, prompting the caller
2122 * to return to the ida_pre_get() step.
2124 if (!__radix_tree_preload(gfp, IDA_PRELOAD_SIZE))
2127 if (!this_cpu_read(ida_bitmap)) {
2128 struct ida_bitmap *bitmap = kzalloc(sizeof(*bitmap), gfp);
2131 if (this_cpu_cmpxchg(ida_bitmap, NULL, bitmap))
2137 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ida_pre_get);
2139 void __rcu **idr_get_free(struct radix_tree_root *root,
2140 struct radix_tree_iter *iter, gfp_t gfp,
2143 struct radix_tree_node *node = NULL, *child;
2144 void __rcu **slot = (void __rcu **)&root->rnode;
2145 unsigned long maxindex, start = iter->next_index;
2146 unsigned int shift, offset = 0;
2149 shift = radix_tree_load_root(root, &child, &maxindex);
2150 if (!radix_tree_tagged(root, IDR_FREE))
2151 start = max(start, maxindex + 1);
2153 return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
2155 if (start > maxindex) {
2156 int error = radix_tree_extend(root, gfp, start, shift);
2158 return ERR_PTR(error);
2160 child = rcu_dereference_raw(root->rnode);
2164 shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
2165 if (child == NULL) {
2166 /* Have to add a child node. */
2167 child = radix_tree_node_alloc(gfp, node, root, shift,
2170 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
2171 all_tag_set(child, IDR_FREE);
2172 rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, node_to_entry(child));
2175 } else if (!radix_tree_is_internal_node(child))
2178 node = entry_to_node(child);
2179 offset = radix_tree_descend(node, &child, start);
2180 if (!tag_get(node, IDR_FREE, offset)) {
2181 offset = radix_tree_find_next_bit(node, IDR_FREE,
2183 start = next_index(start, node, offset);
2185 return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
2186 while (offset == RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE) {
2187 offset = node->offset + 1;
2188 node = node->parent;
2191 shift = node->shift;
2193 child = rcu_dereference_raw(node->slots[offset]);
2195 slot = &node->slots[offset];
2198 iter->index = start;
2200 iter->next_index = 1 + min(max, (start | node_maxindex(node)));
2202 iter->next_index = 1;
2204 __set_iter_shift(iter, shift);
2205 set_iter_tags(iter, node, offset, IDR_FREE);
2211 * idr_destroy - release all internal memory from an IDR
2214 * After this function is called, the IDR is empty, and may be reused or
2215 * the data structure containing it may be freed.
2217 * A typical clean-up sequence for objects stored in an idr tree will use
2218 * idr_for_each() to free all objects, if necessary, then idr_destroy() to
2219 * free the memory used to keep track of those objects.
2221 void idr_destroy(struct idr *idr)
2223 struct radix_tree_node *node = rcu_dereference_raw(idr->idr_rt.rnode);
2224 if (radix_tree_is_internal_node(node))
2225 radix_tree_free_nodes(node);
2226 idr->idr_rt.rnode = NULL;
2227 root_tag_set(&idr->idr_rt, IDR_FREE);
2229 EXPORT_SYMBOL(idr_destroy);
2232 radix_tree_node_ctor(void *arg)
2234 struct radix_tree_node *node = arg;
2236 memset(node, 0, sizeof(*node));
2237 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->private_list);
2240 static __init unsigned long __maxindex(unsigned int height)
2242 unsigned int width = height * RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
2243 int shift = RADIX_TREE_INDEX_BITS - width;
2247 if (shift >= BITS_PER_LONG)
2249 return ~0UL >> shift;
2252 static __init void radix_tree_init_maxnodes(void)
2254 unsigned long height_to_maxindex[RADIX_TREE_MAX_PATH + 1];
2257 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(height_to_maxindex); i++)
2258 height_to_maxindex[i] = __maxindex(i);
2259 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(height_to_maxnodes); i++) {
2260 for (j = i; j > 0; j--)
2261 height_to_maxnodes[i] += height_to_maxindex[j - 1] + 1;
2265 static int radix_tree_cpu_dead(unsigned int cpu)
2267 struct radix_tree_preload *rtp;
2268 struct radix_tree_node *node;
2270 /* Free per-cpu pool of preloaded nodes */
2271 rtp = &per_cpu(radix_tree_preloads, cpu);
2274 rtp->nodes = node->parent;
2275 kmem_cache_free(radix_tree_node_cachep, node);
2278 kfree(per_cpu(ida_bitmap, cpu));
2279 per_cpu(ida_bitmap, cpu) = NULL;
2283 void __init radix_tree_init(void)
2287 BUILD_BUG_ON(RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS + __GFP_BITS_SHIFT > 32);
2288 BUILD_BUG_ON(ROOT_IS_IDR & ~GFP_ZONEMASK);
2289 radix_tree_node_cachep = kmem_cache_create("radix_tree_node",
2290 sizeof(struct radix_tree_node), 0,
2291 SLAB_PANIC | SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT,
2292 radix_tree_node_ctor);
2293 radix_tree_init_maxnodes();
2294 ret = cpuhp_setup_state_nocalls(CPUHP_RADIX_DEAD, "lib/radix:dead",
2295 NULL, radix_tree_cpu_dead);