1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+
3 * This implementation is based on code from uClibc-0.9.30.3 but was
4 * modified and extended for use within U-Boot.
6 * Copyright (C) 2010-2013 Wolfgang Denk <wd@denx.de>
8 * Original license header:
10 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
11 * This file is part of the GNU C Library.
12 * Contributed by Ulrich Drepper <drepper@gnu.ai.mit.edu>, 1993.
20 #ifdef USE_HOSTCC /* HOST build */
27 # define debug(fmt,args...) printf(fmt ,##args)
29 # define debug(fmt,args...)
32 #else /* U-Boot build */
34 # include <linux/string.h>
35 # include <linux/ctype.h>
38 #ifndef CONFIG_ENV_MIN_ENTRIES /* minimum number of entries */
39 #define CONFIG_ENV_MIN_ENTRIES 64
41 #ifndef CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES /* maximum number of entries */
42 #define CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES 512
46 #define USED_DELETED -1
48 #include <env_callback.h>
49 #include <env_flags.h>
54 * [Aho,Sethi,Ullman] Compilers: Principles, Techniques and Tools, 1986
55 * [Knuth] The Art of Computer Programming, part 3 (6.4)
59 * The reentrant version has no static variables to maintain the state.
60 * Instead the interface of all functions is extended to take an argument
61 * which describes the current status.
64 struct env_entry_node {
66 struct env_entry entry;
70 static void _hdelete(const char *key, struct hsearch_data *htab,
71 struct env_entry *ep, int idx);
78 * For the used double hash method the table size has to be a prime. To
79 * correct the user given table size we need a prime test. This trivial
80 * algorithm is adequate because
81 * a) the code is (most probably) called a few times per program run and
82 * b) the number is small because the table must fit in the core
84 static int isprime(unsigned int number)
86 /* no even number will be passed */
89 while (div * div < number && number % div != 0)
92 return number % div != 0;
96 * Before using the hash table we must allocate memory for it.
97 * Test for an existing table are done. We allocate one element
98 * more as the found prime number says. This is done for more effective
99 * indexing as explained in the comment for the hsearch function.
100 * The contents of the table is zeroed, especially the field used
104 int hcreate_r(size_t nel, struct hsearch_data *htab)
106 /* Test for correct arguments. */
112 /* There is still another table active. Return with error. */
113 if (htab->table != NULL) {
118 /* Change nel to the first prime number not smaller as nel. */
119 nel |= 1; /* make odd */
120 while (!isprime(nel))
126 /* allocate memory and zero out */
127 htab->table = (struct env_entry_node *)calloc(htab->size + 1,
128 sizeof(struct env_entry_node));
129 if (htab->table == NULL) {
134 /* everything went alright */
144 * After using the hash table it has to be destroyed. The used memory can
145 * be freed and the local static variable can be marked as not used.
148 void hdestroy_r(struct hsearch_data *htab)
152 /* Test for correct arguments. */
158 /* free used memory */
159 for (i = 1; i <= htab->size; ++i) {
160 if (htab->table[i].used > 0) {
161 struct env_entry *ep = &htab->table[i].entry;
163 free((void *)ep->key);
169 /* the sign for an existing table is an value != NULL in htable */
178 * This is the search function. It uses double hashing with open addressing.
179 * The argument item.key has to be a pointer to an zero terminated, most
180 * probably strings of chars. The function for generating a number of the
181 * strings is simple but fast. It can be replaced by a more complex function
182 * like ajw (see [Aho,Sethi,Ullman]) if the needs are shown.
184 * We use an trick to speed up the lookup. The table is created by hcreate
185 * with one more element available. This enables us to use the index zero
186 * special. This index will never be used because we store the first hash
187 * index in the field used where zero means not used. Every other value
188 * means used. The used field can be used as a first fast comparison for
189 * equality of the stored and the parameter value. This helps to prevent
190 * unnecessary expensive calls of strcmp.
192 * This implementation differs from the standard library version of
193 * this function in a number of ways:
195 * - While the standard version does not make any assumptions about
196 * the type of the stored data objects at all, this implementation
197 * works with NUL terminated strings only.
198 * - Instead of storing just pointers to the original objects, we
199 * create local copies so the caller does not need to care about the
201 * - The standard implementation does not provide a way to update an
202 * existing entry. This version will create a new entry or update an
203 * existing one when both "action == ENV_ENTER" and "item.data != NULL".
204 * - Instead of returning 1 on success, we return the index into the
205 * internal hash table, which is also guaranteed to be positive.
206 * This allows us direct access to the found hash table slot for
207 * example for functions like hdelete().
210 int hmatch_r(const char *match, int last_idx, struct env_entry **retval,
211 struct hsearch_data *htab)
214 size_t key_len = strlen(match);
216 for (idx = last_idx + 1; idx < htab->size; ++idx) {
217 if (htab->table[idx].used <= 0)
219 if (!strncmp(match, htab->table[idx].entry.key, key_len)) {
220 *retval = &htab->table[idx].entry;
231 do_callback(const struct env_entry *e, const char *name, const char *value,
232 enum env_op op, int flags)
234 #ifndef CONFIG_SPL_BUILD
236 return e->callback(name, value, op, flags);
242 * Compare an existing entry with the desired key, and overwrite if the action
243 * is ENV_ENTER. This is simply a helper function for hsearch_r().
245 static inline int _compare_and_overwrite_entry(struct env_entry item,
246 enum env_action action, struct env_entry **retval,
247 struct hsearch_data *htab, int flag, unsigned int hval,
250 if (htab->table[idx].used == hval
251 && strcmp(item.key, htab->table[idx].entry.key) == 0) {
252 /* Overwrite existing value? */
253 if (action == ENV_ENTER && item.data) {
254 /* check for permission */
255 if (htab->change_ok != NULL && htab->change_ok(
256 &htab->table[idx].entry, item.data,
257 env_op_overwrite, flag)) {
258 debug("change_ok() rejected setting variable "
259 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
265 /* If there is a callback, call it */
266 if (do_callback(&htab->table[idx].entry, item.key,
267 item.data, env_op_overwrite, flag)) {
268 debug("callback() rejected setting variable "
269 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
275 free(htab->table[idx].entry.data);
276 htab->table[idx].entry.data = strdup(item.data);
277 if (!htab->table[idx].entry.data) {
283 /* return found entry */
284 *retval = &htab->table[idx].entry;
291 int hsearch_r(struct env_entry item, enum env_action action,
292 struct env_entry **retval, struct hsearch_data *htab, int flag)
296 unsigned int len = strlen(item.key);
298 unsigned int first_deleted = 0;
301 /* Compute an value for the given string. Perhaps use a better method. */
304 while (count-- > 0) {
306 hval += item.key[count];
310 * First hash function:
311 * simply take the modul but prevent zero.
317 /* The first index tried. */
320 if (htab->table[idx].used) {
322 * Further action might be required according to the
327 if (htab->table[idx].used == USED_DELETED
331 ret = _compare_and_overwrite_entry(item, action, retval, htab,
337 * Second hash function:
338 * as suggested in [Knuth]
340 hval2 = 1 + hval % (htab->size - 2);
344 * Because SIZE is prime this guarantees to
345 * step through all available indices.
348 idx = htab->size + idx - hval2;
353 * If we visited all entries leave the loop
359 if (htab->table[idx].used == USED_DELETED
363 /* If entry is found use it. */
364 ret = _compare_and_overwrite_entry(item, action, retval,
365 htab, flag, hval, idx);
369 while (htab->table[idx].used != USED_FREE);
372 /* An empty bucket has been found. */
373 if (action == ENV_ENTER) {
375 * If table is full and another entry should be
376 * entered return with error.
378 if (htab->filled == htab->size) {
386 * create copies of item.key and item.data
391 htab->table[idx].used = hval;
392 htab->table[idx].entry.key = strdup(item.key);
393 htab->table[idx].entry.data = strdup(item.data);
394 if (!htab->table[idx].entry.key ||
395 !htab->table[idx].entry.data) {
403 /* This is a new entry, so look up a possible callback */
404 env_callback_init(&htab->table[idx].entry);
405 /* Also look for flags */
406 env_flags_init(&htab->table[idx].entry);
408 /* check for permission */
409 if (htab->change_ok != NULL && htab->change_ok(
410 &htab->table[idx].entry, item.data, env_op_create, flag)) {
411 debug("change_ok() rejected setting variable "
412 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
413 _hdelete(item.key, htab, &htab->table[idx].entry, idx);
419 /* If there is a callback, call it */
420 if (do_callback(&htab->table[idx].entry, item.key, item.data,
421 env_op_create, flag)) {
422 debug("callback() rejected setting variable "
423 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
424 _hdelete(item.key, htab, &htab->table[idx].entry, idx);
430 /* return new entry */
431 *retval = &htab->table[idx].entry;
446 * The standard implementation of hsearch(3) does not provide any way
447 * to delete any entries from the hash table. We extend the code to
451 static void _hdelete(const char *key, struct hsearch_data *htab,
452 struct env_entry *ep, int idx)
454 /* free used entry */
455 debug("hdelete: DELETING key \"%s\"\n", key);
456 free((void *)ep->key);
459 htab->table[idx].used = USED_DELETED;
464 int hdelete_r(const char *key, struct hsearch_data *htab, int flag)
466 struct env_entry e, *ep;
469 debug("hdelete: DELETE key \"%s\"\n", key);
473 idx = hsearch_r(e, ENV_FIND, &ep, htab, 0);
476 return 0; /* not found */
479 /* Check for permission */
480 if (htab->change_ok != NULL &&
481 htab->change_ok(ep, NULL, env_op_delete, flag)) {
482 debug("change_ok() rejected deleting variable "
483 "%s, skipping it!\n", key);
488 /* If there is a callback, call it */
489 if (do_callback(&htab->table[idx].entry, key, NULL,
490 env_op_delete, flag)) {
491 debug("callback() rejected deleting variable "
492 "%s, skipping it!\n", key);
497 _hdelete(key, htab, ep, idx);
502 #if !(defined(CONFIG_SPL_BUILD) && !defined(CONFIG_SPL_SAVEENV))
508 * Export the data stored in the hash table in linearized form.
510 * Entries are exported as "name=value" strings, separated by an
511 * arbitrary (non-NUL, of course) separator character. This allows to
512 * use this function both when formatting the U-Boot environment for
513 * external storage (using '\0' as separator), but also when using it
514 * for the "printenv" command to print all variables, simply by using
515 * as '\n" as separator. This can also be used for new features like
516 * exporting the environment data as text file, including the option
517 * for later re-import.
519 * The entries in the result list will be sorted by ascending key
522 * If the separator character is different from NUL, then any
523 * separator characters and backslash characters in the values will
524 * be escaped by a preceding backslash in output. This is needed for
525 * example to enable multi-line values, especially when the output
526 * shall later be parsed (for example, for re-import).
528 * There are several options how the result buffer is handled:
532 * NULL 0 A string of sufficient length will be allocated.
533 * NULL >0 A string of the size given will be
534 * allocated. An error will be returned if the size is
535 * not sufficient. Any unused bytes in the string will
537 * !NULL 0 The user-supplied buffer will be used. No length
538 * checking will be performed, i. e. it is assumed that
539 * the buffer size will always be big enough. DANGEROUS.
540 * !NULL >0 The user-supplied buffer will be used. An error will
541 * be returned if the size is not sufficient. Any unused
542 * bytes in the string will be '\0'-padded.
545 static int cmpkey(const void *p1, const void *p2)
547 struct env_entry *e1 = *(struct env_entry **)p1;
548 struct env_entry *e2 = *(struct env_entry **)p2;
550 return (strcmp(e1->key, e2->key));
553 static int match_string(int flag, const char *str, const char *pat, void *priv)
555 switch (flag & H_MATCH_METHOD) {
557 if (strcmp(str, pat) == 0)
561 if (strstr(str, pat))
567 struct slre *slrep = (struct slre *)priv;
569 if (slre_match(slrep, str, strlen(str), NULL))
575 printf("## ERROR: unsupported match method: 0x%02x\n",
576 flag & H_MATCH_METHOD);
582 static int match_entry(struct env_entry *ep, int flag, int argc,
588 for (arg = 0; arg < argc; ++arg) {
592 if (slre_compile(&slre, argv[arg]) == 0) {
593 printf("Error compiling regex: %s\n", slre.err_str);
597 priv = (void *)&slre;
599 if (flag & H_MATCH_KEY) {
600 if (match_string(flag, ep->key, argv[arg], priv))
603 if (flag & H_MATCH_DATA) {
604 if (match_string(flag, ep->data, argv[arg], priv))
611 ssize_t hexport_r(struct hsearch_data *htab, const char sep, int flag,
612 char **resp, size_t size,
613 int argc, char *const argv[])
615 struct env_entry *list[htab->size];
620 /* Test for correct arguments. */
621 if ((resp == NULL) || (htab == NULL)) {
626 debug("EXPORT table = %p, htab.size = %d, htab.filled = %d, size = %lu\n",
627 htab, htab->size, htab->filled, (ulong)size);
630 * search used entries,
631 * save addresses and compute total length
633 for (i = 1, n = 0, totlen = 0; i <= htab->size; ++i) {
635 if (htab->table[i].used > 0) {
636 struct env_entry *ep = &htab->table[i].entry;
637 int found = match_entry(ep, flag, argc, argv);
639 if ((argc > 0) && (found == 0))
642 if ((flag & H_HIDE_DOT) && ep->key[0] == '.')
647 totlen += strlen(ep->key);
650 totlen += strlen(ep->data);
651 } else { /* check if escapes are needed */
656 /* add room for needed escape chars */
657 if ((*s == sep) || (*s == '\\'))
662 totlen += 2; /* for '=' and 'sep' char */
667 /* Pass 1a: print unsorted list */
668 printf("Unsorted: n=%d\n", n);
669 for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
670 printf("\t%3d: %p ==> %-10s => %s\n",
671 i, list[i], list[i]->key, list[i]->data);
675 /* Sort list by keys */
676 qsort(list, n, sizeof(struct env_entry *), cmpkey);
678 /* Check if the user supplied buffer size is sufficient */
680 if (size < totlen + 1) { /* provided buffer too small */
681 printf("Env export buffer too small: %lu, but need %lu\n",
682 (ulong)size, (ulong)totlen + 1);
690 /* Check if the user provided a buffer */
694 memset(res, '\0', size);
696 /* no, allocate and clear one */
697 *resp = res = calloc(1, size);
705 * export sorted list of result data
707 for (i = 0, p = res; i < n; ++i) {
718 if ((*s == sep) || (*s == '\\'))
719 *p++ = '\\'; /* escape */
724 *p = '\0'; /* terminate result */
736 * Check whether variable 'name' is amongst vars[],
737 * and remove all instances by setting the pointer to NULL
739 static int drop_var_from_set(const char *name, int nvars, char * vars[])
744 /* No variables specified means process all of them */
748 for (i = 0; i < nvars; i++) {
751 /* If we found it, delete all of them */
752 if (!strcmp(name, vars[i])) {
758 debug("Skipping non-listed variable %s\n", name);
764 * Import linearized data into hash table.
766 * This is the inverse function to hexport(): it takes a linear list
767 * of "name=value" pairs and creates hash table entries from it.
769 * Entries without "value", i. e. consisting of only "name" or
770 * "name=", will cause this entry to be deleted from the hash table.
772 * The "flag" argument can be used to control the behaviour: when the
773 * H_NOCLEAR bit is set, then an existing hash table will kept, i. e.
774 * new data will be added to an existing hash table; otherwise, if no
775 * vars are passed, old data will be discarded and a new hash table
776 * will be created. If vars are passed, passed vars that are not in
777 * the linear list of "name=value" pairs will be removed from the
778 * current hash table.
780 * The separator character for the "name=value" pairs can be selected,
781 * so we both support importing from externally stored environment
782 * data (separated by NUL characters) and from plain text files
783 * (entries separated by newline characters).
785 * To allow for nicely formatted text input, leading white space
786 * (sequences of SPACE and TAB chars) is ignored, and entries starting
787 * (after removal of any leading white space) with a '#' character are
788 * considered comments and ignored.
790 * [NOTE: this means that a variable name cannot start with a '#'
793 * When using a non-NUL separator character, backslash is used as
794 * escape character in the value part, allowing for example for
797 * In theory, arbitrary separator characters can be used, but only
798 * '\0' and '\n' have really been tested.
801 int himport_r(struct hsearch_data *htab,
802 const char *env, size_t size, const char sep, int flag,
803 int crlf_is_lf, int nvars, char * const vars[])
805 char *data, *sp, *dp, *name, *value;
806 char *localvars[nvars];
809 /* Test for correct arguments. */
815 /* we allocate new space to make sure we can write to the array */
816 if ((data = malloc(size + 1)) == NULL) {
817 debug("himport_r: can't malloc %lu bytes\n", (ulong)size + 1);
821 memcpy(data, env, size);
825 /* make a local copy of the list of variables */
827 memcpy(localvars, vars, sizeof(vars[0]) * nvars);
829 if ((flag & H_NOCLEAR) == 0 && !nvars) {
830 /* Destroy old hash table if one exists */
831 debug("Destroy Hash Table: %p table = %p\n", htab,
838 * Create new hash table (if needed). The computation of the hash
839 * table size is based on heuristics: in a sample of some 70+
840 * existing systems we found an average size of 39+ bytes per entry
841 * in the environment (for the whole key=value pair). Assuming a
842 * size of 8 per entry (= safety factor of ~5) should provide enough
843 * safety margin for any existing environment definitions and still
844 * allow for more than enough dynamic additions. Note that the
845 * "size" argument is supposed to give the maximum environment size
846 * (CONFIG_ENV_SIZE). This heuristics will result in
847 * unreasonably large numbers (and thus memory footprint) for
848 * big flash environments (>8,000 entries for 64 KB
849 * environment size), so we clip it to a reasonable value.
850 * On the other hand we need to add some more entries for free
851 * space when importing very small buffers. Both boundaries can
852 * be overwritten in the board config file if needed.
856 int nent = CONFIG_ENV_MIN_ENTRIES + size / 8;
858 if (nent > CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES)
859 nent = CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES;
861 debug("Create Hash Table: N=%d\n", nent);
863 if (hcreate_r(nent, htab) == 0) {
871 return 1; /* everything OK */
874 /* Remove Carriage Returns in front of Line Feeds */
875 unsigned ignored_crs = 0;
876 for(;dp < data + size && *dp; ++dp) {
878 dp < data + size - 1 && *(dp+1) == '\n')
881 *(dp-ignored_crs) = *dp;
886 /* Parse environment; allow for '\0' and 'sep' as separators */
888 struct env_entry e, *rv;
890 /* skip leading white space */
894 /* skip comment lines */
896 while (*dp && (*dp != sep))
903 for (name = dp; *dp != '=' && *dp && *dp != sep; ++dp)
906 /* deal with "name" and "name=" entries (delete var) */
907 if (*dp == '\0' || *(dp + 1) == '\0' ||
908 *dp == sep || *(dp + 1) == sep) {
911 *dp++ = '\0'; /* terminate name */
913 debug("DELETE CANDIDATE: \"%s\"\n", name);
914 if (!drop_var_from_set(name, nvars, localvars))
917 if (hdelete_r(name, htab, flag) == 0)
918 debug("DELETE ERROR ##############################\n");
922 *dp++ = '\0'; /* terminate name */
924 /* parse value; deal with escapes */
925 for (value = sp = dp; *dp && (*dp != sep); ++dp) {
926 if ((*dp == '\\') && *(dp + 1))
930 *sp++ = '\0'; /* terminate value */
934 debug("INSERT: unable to use an empty key\n");
940 /* Skip variables which are not supposed to be processed */
941 if (!drop_var_from_set(name, nvars, localvars))
944 /* enter into hash table */
948 hsearch_r(e, ENV_ENTER, &rv, htab, flag);
950 printf("himport_r: can't insert \"%s=%s\" into hash table\n",
953 debug("INSERT: table %p, filled %d/%d rv %p ==> name=\"%s\" value=\"%s\"\n",
954 htab, htab->filled, htab->size,
956 } while ((dp < data + size) && *dp); /* size check needed for text */
957 /* without '\0' termination */
958 debug("INSERT: free(data = %p)\n", data);
961 if (flag & H_NOCLEAR)
964 /* process variables which were not considered */
965 for (i = 0; i < nvars; i++) {
966 if (localvars[i] == NULL)
969 * All variables which were not deleted from the variable list
970 * were not present in the imported env
971 * This could mean two things:
972 * a) if the variable was present in current env, we delete it
973 * b) if the variable was not present in current env, we notify
976 if (hdelete_r(localvars[i], htab, flag) == 0)
977 printf("WARNING: '%s' neither in running nor in imported env!\n", localvars[i]);
979 printf("WARNING: '%s' not in imported env, deleting it!\n", localvars[i]);
983 debug("INSERT: done\n");
984 return 1; /* everything OK */
992 * Walk all of the entries in the hash, calling the callback for each one.
993 * this allows some generic operation to be performed on each element.
995 int hwalk_r(struct hsearch_data *htab, int (*callback)(struct env_entry *entry))
1000 for (i = 1; i <= htab->size; ++i) {
1001 if (htab->table[i].used > 0) {
1002 retval = callback(&htab->table[i].entry);