1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+
3 * This implementation is based on code from uClibc-0.9.30.3 but was
4 * modified and extended for use within U-Boot.
6 * Copyright (C) 2010-2013 Wolfgang Denk <wd@denx.de>
8 * Original license header:
10 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
11 * This file is part of the GNU C Library.
12 * Contributed by Ulrich Drepper <drepper@gnu.ai.mit.edu>, 1993.
20 #ifdef USE_HOSTCC /* HOST build */
27 # define debug(fmt,args...) printf(fmt ,##args)
29 # define debug(fmt,args...)
32 #else /* U-Boot build */
34 # include <linux/string.h>
35 # include <linux/ctype.h>
38 #ifndef CONFIG_ENV_MIN_ENTRIES /* minimum number of entries */
39 #define CONFIG_ENV_MIN_ENTRIES 64
41 #ifndef CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES /* maximum number of entries */
42 #define CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES 512
46 #define USED_DELETED -1
48 #include <env_callback.h>
49 #include <env_flags.h>
54 * [Aho,Sethi,Ullman] Compilers: Principles, Techniques and Tools, 1986
55 * [Knuth] The Art of Computer Programming, part 3 (6.4)
59 * The reentrant version has no static variables to maintain the state.
60 * Instead the interface of all functions is extended to take an argument
61 * which describes the current status.
64 struct env_entry_node {
66 struct env_entry entry;
70 static void _hdelete(const char *key, struct hsearch_data *htab,
71 struct env_entry *ep, int idx);
78 * For the used double hash method the table size has to be a prime. To
79 * correct the user given table size we need a prime test. This trivial
80 * algorithm is adequate because
81 * a) the code is (most probably) called a few times per program run and
82 * b) the number is small because the table must fit in the core
84 static int isprime(unsigned int number)
86 /* no even number will be passed */
89 while (div * div < number && number % div != 0)
92 return number % div != 0;
96 * Before using the hash table we must allocate memory for it.
97 * Test for an existing table are done. We allocate one element
98 * more as the found prime number says. This is done for more effective
99 * indexing as explained in the comment for the hsearch function.
100 * The contents of the table is zeroed, especially the field used
104 int hcreate_r(size_t nel, struct hsearch_data *htab)
106 /* Test for correct arguments. */
112 /* There is still another table active. Return with error. */
113 if (htab->table != NULL) {
118 /* Change nel to the first prime number not smaller as nel. */
119 nel |= 1; /* make odd */
120 while (!isprime(nel))
126 /* allocate memory and zero out */
127 htab->table = (struct env_entry_node *)calloc(htab->size + 1,
128 sizeof(struct env_entry_node));
129 if (htab->table == NULL) {
134 /* everything went alright */
144 * After using the hash table it has to be destroyed. The used memory can
145 * be freed and the local static variable can be marked as not used.
148 void hdestroy_r(struct hsearch_data *htab)
152 /* Test for correct arguments. */
158 /* free used memory */
159 for (i = 1; i <= htab->size; ++i) {
160 if (htab->table[i].used > 0) {
161 struct env_entry *ep = &htab->table[i].entry;
163 free((void *)ep->key);
169 /* the sign for an existing table is an value != NULL in htable */
178 * This is the search function. It uses double hashing with open addressing.
179 * The argument item.key has to be a pointer to an zero terminated, most
180 * probably strings of chars. The function for generating a number of the
181 * strings is simple but fast. It can be replaced by a more complex function
182 * like ajw (see [Aho,Sethi,Ullman]) if the needs are shown.
184 * We use an trick to speed up the lookup. The table is created by hcreate
185 * with one more element available. This enables us to use the index zero
186 * special. This index will never be used because we store the first hash
187 * index in the field used where zero means not used. Every other value
188 * means used. The used field can be used as a first fast comparison for
189 * equality of the stored and the parameter value. This helps to prevent
190 * unnecessary expensive calls of strcmp.
192 * This implementation differs from the standard library version of
193 * this function in a number of ways:
195 * - While the standard version does not make any assumptions about
196 * the type of the stored data objects at all, this implementation
197 * works with NUL terminated strings only.
198 * - Instead of storing just pointers to the original objects, we
199 * create local copies so the caller does not need to care about the
201 * - The standard implementation does not provide a way to update an
202 * existing entry. This version will create a new entry or update an
203 * existing one when both "action == ENV_ENTER" and "item.data != NULL".
204 * - Instead of returning 1 on success, we return the index into the
205 * internal hash table, which is also guaranteed to be positive.
206 * This allows us direct access to the found hash table slot for
207 * example for functions like hdelete().
210 int hmatch_r(const char *match, int last_idx, struct env_entry **retval,
211 struct hsearch_data *htab)
214 size_t key_len = strlen(match);
216 for (idx = last_idx + 1; idx < htab->size; ++idx) {
217 if (htab->table[idx].used <= 0)
219 if (!strncmp(match, htab->table[idx].entry.key, key_len)) {
220 *retval = &htab->table[idx].entry;
231 do_callback(const struct env_entry *e, const char *name, const char *value,
232 enum env_op op, int flags)
234 #ifndef CONFIG_SPL_BUILD
236 return e->callback(name, value, op, flags);
242 * Compare an existing entry with the desired key, and overwrite if the action
243 * is ENV_ENTER. This is simply a helper function for hsearch_r().
245 static inline int _compare_and_overwrite_entry(struct env_entry item,
246 enum env_action action, struct env_entry **retval,
247 struct hsearch_data *htab, int flag, unsigned int hval,
250 if (htab->table[idx].used == hval
251 && strcmp(item.key, htab->table[idx].entry.key) == 0) {
252 /* Overwrite existing value? */
253 if (action == ENV_ENTER && item.data) {
254 /* check for permission */
255 if (htab->change_ok != NULL && htab->change_ok(
256 &htab->table[idx].entry, item.data,
257 env_op_overwrite, flag)) {
258 debug("change_ok() rejected setting variable "
259 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
265 /* If there is a callback, call it */
266 if (do_callback(&htab->table[idx].entry, item.key,
267 item.data, env_op_overwrite, flag)) {
268 debug("callback() rejected setting variable "
269 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
275 free(htab->table[idx].entry.data);
276 htab->table[idx].entry.data = strdup(item.data);
277 if (!htab->table[idx].entry.data) {
283 /* return found entry */
284 *retval = &htab->table[idx].entry;
291 int hsearch_r(struct env_entry item, enum env_action action,
292 struct env_entry **retval, struct hsearch_data *htab, int flag)
296 unsigned int len = strlen(item.key);
298 unsigned int first_deleted = 0;
301 /* Compute an value for the given string. Perhaps use a better method. */
304 while (count-- > 0) {
306 hval += item.key[count];
310 * First hash function:
311 * simply take the modul but prevent zero.
317 /* The first index tried. */
320 if (htab->table[idx].used) {
322 * Further action might be required according to the
327 if (htab->table[idx].used == USED_DELETED)
330 ret = _compare_and_overwrite_entry(item, action, retval, htab,
336 * Second hash function:
337 * as suggested in [Knuth]
339 hval2 = 1 + hval % (htab->size - 2);
343 * Because SIZE is prime this guarantees to
344 * step through all available indices.
347 idx = htab->size + idx - hval2;
352 * If we visited all entries leave the loop
358 if (htab->table[idx].used == USED_DELETED
362 /* If entry is found use it. */
363 ret = _compare_and_overwrite_entry(item, action, retval,
364 htab, flag, hval, idx);
368 while (htab->table[idx].used != USED_FREE);
371 /* An empty bucket has been found. */
372 if (action == ENV_ENTER) {
374 * If table is full and another entry should be
375 * entered return with error.
377 if (htab->filled == htab->size) {
385 * create copies of item.key and item.data
390 htab->table[idx].used = hval;
391 htab->table[idx].entry.key = strdup(item.key);
392 htab->table[idx].entry.data = strdup(item.data);
393 if (!htab->table[idx].entry.key ||
394 !htab->table[idx].entry.data) {
402 /* This is a new entry, so look up a possible callback */
403 env_callback_init(&htab->table[idx].entry);
404 /* Also look for flags */
405 env_flags_init(&htab->table[idx].entry);
407 /* check for permission */
408 if (htab->change_ok != NULL && htab->change_ok(
409 &htab->table[idx].entry, item.data, env_op_create, flag)) {
410 debug("change_ok() rejected setting variable "
411 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
412 _hdelete(item.key, htab, &htab->table[idx].entry, idx);
418 /* If there is a callback, call it */
419 if (do_callback(&htab->table[idx].entry, item.key, item.data,
420 env_op_create, flag)) {
421 debug("callback() rejected setting variable "
422 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
423 _hdelete(item.key, htab, &htab->table[idx].entry, idx);
429 /* return new entry */
430 *retval = &htab->table[idx].entry;
445 * The standard implementation of hsearch(3) does not provide any way
446 * to delete any entries from the hash table. We extend the code to
450 static void _hdelete(const char *key, struct hsearch_data *htab,
451 struct env_entry *ep, int idx)
453 /* free used entry */
454 debug("hdelete: DELETING key \"%s\"\n", key);
455 free((void *)ep->key);
458 htab->table[idx].used = USED_DELETED;
463 int hdelete_r(const char *key, struct hsearch_data *htab, int flag)
465 struct env_entry e, *ep;
468 debug("hdelete: DELETE key \"%s\"\n", key);
472 idx = hsearch_r(e, ENV_FIND, &ep, htab, 0);
475 return -ENOENT; /* not found */
478 /* Check for permission */
479 if (htab->change_ok != NULL &&
480 htab->change_ok(ep, NULL, env_op_delete, flag)) {
481 debug("change_ok() rejected deleting variable "
482 "%s, skipping it!\n", key);
487 /* If there is a callback, call it */
488 if (do_callback(&htab->table[idx].entry, key, NULL,
489 env_op_delete, flag)) {
490 debug("callback() rejected deleting variable "
491 "%s, skipping it!\n", key);
496 _hdelete(key, htab, ep, idx);
501 #if !(defined(CONFIG_SPL_BUILD) && !defined(CONFIG_SPL_SAVEENV))
507 * Export the data stored in the hash table in linearized form.
509 * Entries are exported as "name=value" strings, separated by an
510 * arbitrary (non-NUL, of course) separator character. This allows to
511 * use this function both when formatting the U-Boot environment for
512 * external storage (using '\0' as separator), but also when using it
513 * for the "printenv" command to print all variables, simply by using
514 * as '\n" as separator. This can also be used for new features like
515 * exporting the environment data as text file, including the option
516 * for later re-import.
518 * The entries in the result list will be sorted by ascending key
521 * If the separator character is different from NUL, then any
522 * separator characters and backslash characters in the values will
523 * be escaped by a preceding backslash in output. This is needed for
524 * example to enable multi-line values, especially when the output
525 * shall later be parsed (for example, for re-import).
527 * There are several options how the result buffer is handled:
531 * NULL 0 A string of sufficient length will be allocated.
532 * NULL >0 A string of the size given will be
533 * allocated. An error will be returned if the size is
534 * not sufficient. Any unused bytes in the string will
536 * !NULL 0 The user-supplied buffer will be used. No length
537 * checking will be performed, i. e. it is assumed that
538 * the buffer size will always be big enough. DANGEROUS.
539 * !NULL >0 The user-supplied buffer will be used. An error will
540 * be returned if the size is not sufficient. Any unused
541 * bytes in the string will be '\0'-padded.
544 static int cmpkey(const void *p1, const void *p2)
546 struct env_entry *e1 = *(struct env_entry **)p1;
547 struct env_entry *e2 = *(struct env_entry **)p2;
549 return (strcmp(e1->key, e2->key));
552 static int match_string(int flag, const char *str, const char *pat, void *priv)
554 switch (flag & H_MATCH_METHOD) {
556 if (strcmp(str, pat) == 0)
560 if (strstr(str, pat))
566 struct slre *slrep = (struct slre *)priv;
568 if (slre_match(slrep, str, strlen(str), NULL))
574 printf("## ERROR: unsupported match method: 0x%02x\n",
575 flag & H_MATCH_METHOD);
581 static int match_entry(struct env_entry *ep, int flag, int argc,
587 for (arg = 0; arg < argc; ++arg) {
591 if (slre_compile(&slre, argv[arg]) == 0) {
592 printf("Error compiling regex: %s\n", slre.err_str);
596 priv = (void *)&slre;
598 if (flag & H_MATCH_KEY) {
599 if (match_string(flag, ep->key, argv[arg], priv))
602 if (flag & H_MATCH_DATA) {
603 if (match_string(flag, ep->data, argv[arg], priv))
610 ssize_t hexport_r(struct hsearch_data *htab, const char sep, int flag,
611 char **resp, size_t size,
612 int argc, char *const argv[])
614 struct env_entry *list[htab->size];
619 /* Test for correct arguments. */
620 if ((resp == NULL) || (htab == NULL)) {
625 debug("EXPORT table = %p, htab.size = %d, htab.filled = %d, size = %lu\n",
626 htab, htab->size, htab->filled, (ulong)size);
629 * search used entries,
630 * save addresses and compute total length
632 for (i = 1, n = 0, totlen = 0; i <= htab->size; ++i) {
634 if (htab->table[i].used > 0) {
635 struct env_entry *ep = &htab->table[i].entry;
636 int found = match_entry(ep, flag, argc, argv);
638 if ((argc > 0) && (found == 0))
641 if ((flag & H_HIDE_DOT) && ep->key[0] == '.')
646 totlen += strlen(ep->key);
649 totlen += strlen(ep->data);
650 } else { /* check if escapes are needed */
655 /* add room for needed escape chars */
656 if ((*s == sep) || (*s == '\\'))
661 totlen += 2; /* for '=' and 'sep' char */
666 /* Pass 1a: print unsorted list */
667 printf("Unsorted: n=%d\n", n);
668 for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
669 printf("\t%3d: %p ==> %-10s => %s\n",
670 i, list[i], list[i]->key, list[i]->data);
674 /* Sort list by keys */
675 qsort(list, n, sizeof(struct env_entry *), cmpkey);
677 /* Check if the user supplied buffer size is sufficient */
679 if (size < totlen + 1) { /* provided buffer too small */
680 printf("Env export buffer too small: %lu, but need %lu\n",
681 (ulong)size, (ulong)totlen + 1);
689 /* Check if the user provided a buffer */
693 memset(res, '\0', size);
695 /* no, allocate and clear one */
696 *resp = res = calloc(1, size);
704 * export sorted list of result data
706 for (i = 0, p = res; i < n; ++i) {
717 if ((*s == sep) || (*s == '\\'))
718 *p++ = '\\'; /* escape */
723 *p = '\0'; /* terminate result */
735 * Check whether variable 'name' is amongst vars[],
736 * and remove all instances by setting the pointer to NULL
738 static int drop_var_from_set(const char *name, int nvars, char * vars[])
743 /* No variables specified means process all of them */
747 for (i = 0; i < nvars; i++) {
750 /* If we found it, delete all of them */
751 if (!strcmp(name, vars[i])) {
757 debug("Skipping non-listed variable %s\n", name);
763 * Import linearized data into hash table.
765 * This is the inverse function to hexport(): it takes a linear list
766 * of "name=value" pairs and creates hash table entries from it.
768 * Entries without "value", i. e. consisting of only "name" or
769 * "name=", will cause this entry to be deleted from the hash table.
771 * The "flag" argument can be used to control the behaviour: when the
772 * H_NOCLEAR bit is set, then an existing hash table will kept, i. e.
773 * new data will be added to an existing hash table; otherwise, if no
774 * vars are passed, old data will be discarded and a new hash table
775 * will be created. If vars are passed, passed vars that are not in
776 * the linear list of "name=value" pairs will be removed from the
777 * current hash table.
779 * The separator character for the "name=value" pairs can be selected,
780 * so we both support importing from externally stored environment
781 * data (separated by NUL characters) and from plain text files
782 * (entries separated by newline characters).
784 * To allow for nicely formatted text input, leading white space
785 * (sequences of SPACE and TAB chars) is ignored, and entries starting
786 * (after removal of any leading white space) with a '#' character are
787 * considered comments and ignored.
789 * [NOTE: this means that a variable name cannot start with a '#'
792 * When using a non-NUL separator character, backslash is used as
793 * escape character in the value part, allowing for example for
796 * In theory, arbitrary separator characters can be used, but only
797 * '\0' and '\n' have really been tested.
800 int himport_r(struct hsearch_data *htab,
801 const char *env, size_t size, const char sep, int flag,
802 int crlf_is_lf, int nvars, char * const vars[])
804 char *data, *sp, *dp, *name, *value;
805 char *localvars[nvars];
808 /* Test for correct arguments. */
814 /* we allocate new space to make sure we can write to the array */
815 if ((data = malloc(size + 1)) == NULL) {
816 debug("himport_r: can't malloc %lu bytes\n", (ulong)size + 1);
820 memcpy(data, env, size);
824 /* make a local copy of the list of variables */
826 memcpy(localvars, vars, sizeof(vars[0]) * nvars);
828 #if CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(ENV_APPEND)
832 if ((flag & H_NOCLEAR) == 0 && !nvars) {
833 /* Destroy old hash table if one exists */
834 debug("Destroy Hash Table: %p table = %p\n", htab,
841 * Create new hash table (if needed). The computation of the hash
842 * table size is based on heuristics: in a sample of some 70+
843 * existing systems we found an average size of 39+ bytes per entry
844 * in the environment (for the whole key=value pair). Assuming a
845 * size of 8 per entry (= safety factor of ~5) should provide enough
846 * safety margin for any existing environment definitions and still
847 * allow for more than enough dynamic additions. Note that the
848 * "size" argument is supposed to give the maximum environment size
849 * (CONFIG_ENV_SIZE). This heuristics will result in
850 * unreasonably large numbers (and thus memory footprint) for
851 * big flash environments (>8,000 entries for 64 KB
852 * environment size), so we clip it to a reasonable value.
853 * On the other hand we need to add some more entries for free
854 * space when importing very small buffers. Both boundaries can
855 * be overwritten in the board config file if needed.
859 int nent = CONFIG_ENV_MIN_ENTRIES + size / 8;
861 if (nent > CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES)
862 nent = CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES;
864 debug("Create Hash Table: N=%d\n", nent);
866 if (hcreate_r(nent, htab) == 0) {
874 return 1; /* everything OK */
877 /* Remove Carriage Returns in front of Line Feeds */
878 unsigned ignored_crs = 0;
879 for(;dp < data + size && *dp; ++dp) {
881 dp < data + size - 1 && *(dp+1) == '\n')
884 *(dp-ignored_crs) = *dp;
889 /* Parse environment; allow for '\0' and 'sep' as separators */
891 struct env_entry e, *rv;
893 /* skip leading white space */
897 /* skip comment lines */
899 while (*dp && (*dp != sep))
906 for (name = dp; *dp != '=' && *dp && *dp != sep; ++dp)
909 /* deal with "name" and "name=" entries (delete var) */
910 if (*dp == '\0' || *(dp + 1) == '\0' ||
911 *dp == sep || *(dp + 1) == sep) {
914 *dp++ = '\0'; /* terminate name */
916 debug("DELETE CANDIDATE: \"%s\"\n", name);
917 if (!drop_var_from_set(name, nvars, localvars))
920 if (hdelete_r(name, htab, flag))
921 debug("DELETE ERROR ##############################\n");
925 *dp++ = '\0'; /* terminate name */
927 /* parse value; deal with escapes */
928 for (value = sp = dp; *dp && (*dp != sep); ++dp) {
929 if ((*dp == '\\') && *(dp + 1))
933 *sp++ = '\0'; /* terminate value */
937 debug("INSERT: unable to use an empty key\n");
943 /* Skip variables which are not supposed to be processed */
944 if (!drop_var_from_set(name, nvars, localvars))
947 /* enter into hash table */
951 hsearch_r(e, ENV_ENTER, &rv, htab, flag);
952 #if !CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(ENV_WRITEABLE_LIST)
954 printf("himport_r: can't insert \"%s=%s\" into hash table\n",
959 debug("INSERT: table %p, filled %d/%d rv %p ==> name=\"%s\" value=\"%s\"\n",
960 htab, htab->filled, htab->size,
962 } while ((dp < data + size) && *dp); /* size check needed for text */
963 /* without '\0' termination */
964 debug("INSERT: free(data = %p)\n", data);
967 if (flag & H_NOCLEAR)
970 /* process variables which were not considered */
971 for (i = 0; i < nvars; i++) {
972 if (localvars[i] == NULL)
975 * All variables which were not deleted from the variable list
976 * were not present in the imported env
977 * This could mean two things:
978 * a) if the variable was present in current env, we delete it
979 * b) if the variable was not present in current env, we notify
982 if (hdelete_r(localvars[i], htab, flag))
983 printf("WARNING: '%s' neither in running nor in imported env!\n", localvars[i]);
985 printf("WARNING: '%s' not in imported env, deleting it!\n", localvars[i]);
989 debug("INSERT: done\n");
990 return 1; /* everything OK */
998 * Walk all of the entries in the hash, calling the callback for each one.
999 * this allows some generic operation to be performed on each element.
1001 int hwalk_r(struct hsearch_data *htab, int (*callback)(struct env_entry *entry))
1006 for (i = 1; i <= htab->size; ++i) {
1007 if (htab->table[i].used > 0) {
1008 retval = callback(&htab->table[i].entry);