1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+
3 * This implementation is based on code from uClibc-0.9.30.3 but was
4 * modified and extended for use within U-Boot.
6 * Copyright (C) 2010-2013 Wolfgang Denk <wd@denx.de>
8 * Original license header:
10 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
11 * This file is part of the GNU C Library.
12 * Contributed by Ulrich Drepper <drepper@gnu.ai.mit.edu>, 1993.
18 #ifdef USE_HOSTCC /* HOST build */
25 # define debug(fmt,args...) printf(fmt ,##args)
27 # define debug(fmt,args...)
30 #else /* U-Boot build */
32 # include <linux/string.h>
33 # include <linux/ctype.h>
36 #ifndef CONFIG_ENV_MIN_ENTRIES /* minimum number of entries */
37 #define CONFIG_ENV_MIN_ENTRIES 64
39 #ifndef CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES /* maximum number of entries */
40 #define CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES 512
44 #define USED_DELETED -1
46 #include <env_callback.h>
47 #include <env_flags.h>
52 * [Aho,Sethi,Ullman] Compilers: Principles, Techniques and Tools, 1986
53 * [Knuth] The Art of Computer Programming, part 3 (6.4)
57 * The reentrant version has no static variables to maintain the state.
58 * Instead the interface of all functions is extended to take an argument
59 * which describes the current status.
62 struct env_entry_node {
64 struct env_entry entry;
68 static void _hdelete(const char *key, struct hsearch_data *htab,
69 struct env_entry *ep, int idx);
76 * For the used double hash method the table size has to be a prime. To
77 * correct the user given table size we need a prime test. This trivial
78 * algorithm is adequate because
79 * a) the code is (most probably) called a few times per program run and
80 * b) the number is small because the table must fit in the core
82 static int isprime(unsigned int number)
84 /* no even number will be passed */
87 while (div * div < number && number % div != 0)
90 return number % div != 0;
94 * Before using the hash table we must allocate memory for it.
95 * Test for an existing table are done. We allocate one element
96 * more as the found prime number says. This is done for more effective
97 * indexing as explained in the comment for the hsearch function.
98 * The contents of the table is zeroed, especially the field used
102 int hcreate_r(size_t nel, struct hsearch_data *htab)
104 /* Test for correct arguments. */
110 /* There is still another table active. Return with error. */
111 if (htab->table != NULL)
114 /* Change nel to the first prime number not smaller as nel. */
115 nel |= 1; /* make odd */
116 while (!isprime(nel))
122 /* allocate memory and zero out */
123 htab->table = (struct env_entry_node *)calloc(htab->size + 1,
124 sizeof(struct env_entry_node));
125 if (htab->table == NULL)
128 /* everything went alright */
138 * After using the hash table it has to be destroyed. The used memory can
139 * be freed and the local static variable can be marked as not used.
142 void hdestroy_r(struct hsearch_data *htab)
146 /* Test for correct arguments. */
152 /* free used memory */
153 for (i = 1; i <= htab->size; ++i) {
154 if (htab->table[i].used > 0) {
155 struct env_entry *ep = &htab->table[i].entry;
157 free((void *)ep->key);
163 /* the sign for an existing table is an value != NULL in htable */
172 * This is the search function. It uses double hashing with open addressing.
173 * The argument item.key has to be a pointer to an zero terminated, most
174 * probably strings of chars. The function for generating a number of the
175 * strings is simple but fast. It can be replaced by a more complex function
176 * like ajw (see [Aho,Sethi,Ullman]) if the needs are shown.
178 * We use an trick to speed up the lookup. The table is created by hcreate
179 * with one more element available. This enables us to use the index zero
180 * special. This index will never be used because we store the first hash
181 * index in the field used where zero means not used. Every other value
182 * means used. The used field can be used as a first fast comparison for
183 * equality of the stored and the parameter value. This helps to prevent
184 * unnecessary expensive calls of strcmp.
186 * This implementation differs from the standard library version of
187 * this function in a number of ways:
189 * - While the standard version does not make any assumptions about
190 * the type of the stored data objects at all, this implementation
191 * works with NUL terminated strings only.
192 * - Instead of storing just pointers to the original objects, we
193 * create local copies so the caller does not need to care about the
195 * - The standard implementation does not provide a way to update an
196 * existing entry. This version will create a new entry or update an
197 * existing one when both "action == ENTER" and "item.data != NULL".
198 * - Instead of returning 1 on success, we return the index into the
199 * internal hash table, which is also guaranteed to be positive.
200 * This allows us direct access to the found hash table slot for
201 * example for functions like hdelete().
204 int hmatch_r(const char *match, int last_idx, struct env_entry **retval,
205 struct hsearch_data *htab)
208 size_t key_len = strlen(match);
210 for (idx = last_idx + 1; idx < htab->size; ++idx) {
211 if (htab->table[idx].used <= 0)
213 if (!strncmp(match, htab->table[idx].entry.key, key_len)) {
214 *retval = &htab->table[idx].entry;
225 * Compare an existing entry with the desired key, and overwrite if the action
226 * is ENTER. This is simply a helper function for hsearch_r().
228 static inline int _compare_and_overwrite_entry(struct env_entry item,
229 ACTION action, struct env_entry **retval,
230 struct hsearch_data *htab, int flag, unsigned int hval,
233 if (htab->table[idx].used == hval
234 && strcmp(item.key, htab->table[idx].entry.key) == 0) {
235 /* Overwrite existing value? */
236 if ((action == ENTER) && (item.data != NULL)) {
237 /* check for permission */
238 if (htab->change_ok != NULL && htab->change_ok(
239 &htab->table[idx].entry, item.data,
240 env_op_overwrite, flag)) {
241 debug("change_ok() rejected setting variable "
242 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
248 /* If there is a callback, call it */
249 if (htab->table[idx].entry.callback &&
250 htab->table[idx].entry.callback(item.key,
251 item.data, env_op_overwrite, flag)) {
252 debug("callback() rejected setting variable "
253 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
259 free(htab->table[idx].entry.data);
260 htab->table[idx].entry.data = strdup(item.data);
261 if (!htab->table[idx].entry.data) {
267 /* return found entry */
268 *retval = &htab->table[idx].entry;
275 int hsearch_r(struct env_entry item, ACTION action, struct env_entry **retval,
276 struct hsearch_data *htab, int flag)
280 unsigned int len = strlen(item.key);
282 unsigned int first_deleted = 0;
285 /* Compute an value for the given string. Perhaps use a better method. */
288 while (count-- > 0) {
290 hval += item.key[count];
294 * First hash function:
295 * simply take the modul but prevent zero.
301 /* The first index tried. */
304 if (htab->table[idx].used) {
306 * Further action might be required according to the
311 if (htab->table[idx].used == USED_DELETED
315 ret = _compare_and_overwrite_entry(item, action, retval, htab,
321 * Second hash function:
322 * as suggested in [Knuth]
324 hval2 = 1 + hval % (htab->size - 2);
328 * Because SIZE is prime this guarantees to
329 * step through all available indices.
332 idx = htab->size + idx - hval2;
337 * If we visited all entries leave the loop
343 if (htab->table[idx].used == USED_DELETED
347 /* If entry is found use it. */
348 ret = _compare_and_overwrite_entry(item, action, retval,
349 htab, flag, hval, idx);
353 while (htab->table[idx].used != USED_FREE);
356 /* An empty bucket has been found. */
357 if (action == ENTER) {
359 * If table is full and another entry should be
360 * entered return with error.
362 if (htab->filled == htab->size) {
370 * create copies of item.key and item.data
375 htab->table[idx].used = hval;
376 htab->table[idx].entry.key = strdup(item.key);
377 htab->table[idx].entry.data = strdup(item.data);
378 if (!htab->table[idx].entry.key ||
379 !htab->table[idx].entry.data) {
387 /* This is a new entry, so look up a possible callback */
388 env_callback_init(&htab->table[idx].entry);
389 /* Also look for flags */
390 env_flags_init(&htab->table[idx].entry);
392 /* check for permission */
393 if (htab->change_ok != NULL && htab->change_ok(
394 &htab->table[idx].entry, item.data, env_op_create, flag)) {
395 debug("change_ok() rejected setting variable "
396 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
397 _hdelete(item.key, htab, &htab->table[idx].entry, idx);
403 /* If there is a callback, call it */
404 if (htab->table[idx].entry.callback &&
405 htab->table[idx].entry.callback(item.key, item.data,
406 env_op_create, flag)) {
407 debug("callback() rejected setting variable "
408 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
409 _hdelete(item.key, htab, &htab->table[idx].entry, idx);
415 /* return new entry */
416 *retval = &htab->table[idx].entry;
431 * The standard implementation of hsearch(3) does not provide any way
432 * to delete any entries from the hash table. We extend the code to
436 static void _hdelete(const char *key, struct hsearch_data *htab,
437 struct env_entry *ep, int idx)
439 /* free used entry */
440 debug("hdelete: DELETING key \"%s\"\n", key);
441 free((void *)ep->key);
445 htab->table[idx].used = USED_DELETED;
450 int hdelete_r(const char *key, struct hsearch_data *htab, int flag)
452 struct env_entry e, *ep;
455 debug("hdelete: DELETE key \"%s\"\n", key);
459 idx = hsearch_r(e, FIND, &ep, htab, 0);
462 return 0; /* not found */
465 /* Check for permission */
466 if (htab->change_ok != NULL &&
467 htab->change_ok(ep, NULL, env_op_delete, flag)) {
468 debug("change_ok() rejected deleting variable "
469 "%s, skipping it!\n", key);
474 /* If there is a callback, call it */
475 if (htab->table[idx].entry.callback &&
476 htab->table[idx].entry.callback(key, NULL, env_op_delete, flag)) {
477 debug("callback() rejected deleting variable "
478 "%s, skipping it!\n", key);
483 _hdelete(key, htab, ep, idx);
488 #if !(defined(CONFIG_SPL_BUILD) && !defined(CONFIG_SPL_SAVEENV))
494 * Export the data stored in the hash table in linearized form.
496 * Entries are exported as "name=value" strings, separated by an
497 * arbitrary (non-NUL, of course) separator character. This allows to
498 * use this function both when formatting the U-Boot environment for
499 * external storage (using '\0' as separator), but also when using it
500 * for the "printenv" command to print all variables, simply by using
501 * as '\n" as separator. This can also be used for new features like
502 * exporting the environment data as text file, including the option
503 * for later re-import.
505 * The entries in the result list will be sorted by ascending key
508 * If the separator character is different from NUL, then any
509 * separator characters and backslash characters in the values will
510 * be escaped by a preceding backslash in output. This is needed for
511 * example to enable multi-line values, especially when the output
512 * shall later be parsed (for example, for re-import).
514 * There are several options how the result buffer is handled:
518 * NULL 0 A string of sufficient length will be allocated.
519 * NULL >0 A string of the size given will be
520 * allocated. An error will be returned if the size is
521 * not sufficient. Any unused bytes in the string will
523 * !NULL 0 The user-supplied buffer will be used. No length
524 * checking will be performed, i. e. it is assumed that
525 * the buffer size will always be big enough. DANGEROUS.
526 * !NULL >0 The user-supplied buffer will be used. An error will
527 * be returned if the size is not sufficient. Any unused
528 * bytes in the string will be '\0'-padded.
531 static int cmpkey(const void *p1, const void *p2)
533 struct env_entry *e1 = *(struct env_entry **)p1;
534 struct env_entry *e2 = *(struct env_entry **)p2;
536 return (strcmp(e1->key, e2->key));
539 static int match_string(int flag, const char *str, const char *pat, void *priv)
541 switch (flag & H_MATCH_METHOD) {
543 if (strcmp(str, pat) == 0)
547 if (strstr(str, pat))
553 struct slre *slrep = (struct slre *)priv;
555 if (slre_match(slrep, str, strlen(str), NULL))
561 printf("## ERROR: unsupported match method: 0x%02x\n",
562 flag & H_MATCH_METHOD);
568 static int match_entry(struct env_entry *ep, int flag, int argc,
574 for (arg = 0; arg < argc; ++arg) {
578 if (slre_compile(&slre, argv[arg]) == 0) {
579 printf("Error compiling regex: %s\n", slre.err_str);
583 priv = (void *)&slre;
585 if (flag & H_MATCH_KEY) {
586 if (match_string(flag, ep->key, argv[arg], priv))
589 if (flag & H_MATCH_DATA) {
590 if (match_string(flag, ep->data, argv[arg], priv))
597 ssize_t hexport_r(struct hsearch_data *htab, const char sep, int flag,
598 char **resp, size_t size,
599 int argc, char * const argv[])
601 struct env_entry *list[htab->size];
606 /* Test for correct arguments. */
607 if ((resp == NULL) || (htab == NULL)) {
612 debug("EXPORT table = %p, htab.size = %d, htab.filled = %d, size = %lu\n",
613 htab, htab->size, htab->filled, (ulong)size);
616 * search used entries,
617 * save addresses and compute total length
619 for (i = 1, n = 0, totlen = 0; i <= htab->size; ++i) {
621 if (htab->table[i].used > 0) {
622 struct env_entry *ep = &htab->table[i].entry;
623 int found = match_entry(ep, flag, argc, argv);
625 if ((argc > 0) && (found == 0))
628 if ((flag & H_HIDE_DOT) && ep->key[0] == '.')
633 totlen += strlen(ep->key);
636 totlen += strlen(ep->data);
637 } else { /* check if escapes are needed */
642 /* add room for needed escape chars */
643 if ((*s == sep) || (*s == '\\'))
648 totlen += 2; /* for '=' and 'sep' char */
653 /* Pass 1a: print unsorted list */
654 printf("Unsorted: n=%d\n", n);
655 for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
656 printf("\t%3d: %p ==> %-10s => %s\n",
657 i, list[i], list[i]->key, list[i]->data);
661 /* Sort list by keys */
662 qsort(list, n, sizeof(struct env_entry *), cmpkey);
664 /* Check if the user supplied buffer size is sufficient */
666 if (size < totlen + 1) { /* provided buffer too small */
667 printf("Env export buffer too small: %lu, but need %lu\n",
668 (ulong)size, (ulong)totlen + 1);
676 /* Check if the user provided a buffer */
680 memset(res, '\0', size);
682 /* no, allocate and clear one */
683 *resp = res = calloc(1, size);
691 * export sorted list of result data
693 for (i = 0, p = res; i < n; ++i) {
704 if ((*s == sep) || (*s == '\\'))
705 *p++ = '\\'; /* escape */
710 *p = '\0'; /* terminate result */
722 * Check whether variable 'name' is amongst vars[],
723 * and remove all instances by setting the pointer to NULL
725 static int drop_var_from_set(const char *name, int nvars, char * vars[])
730 /* No variables specified means process all of them */
734 for (i = 0; i < nvars; i++) {
737 /* If we found it, delete all of them */
738 if (!strcmp(name, vars[i])) {
744 debug("Skipping non-listed variable %s\n", name);
750 * Import linearized data into hash table.
752 * This is the inverse function to hexport(): it takes a linear list
753 * of "name=value" pairs and creates hash table entries from it.
755 * Entries without "value", i. e. consisting of only "name" or
756 * "name=", will cause this entry to be deleted from the hash table.
758 * The "flag" argument can be used to control the behaviour: when the
759 * H_NOCLEAR bit is set, then an existing hash table will kept, i. e.
760 * new data will be added to an existing hash table; otherwise, if no
761 * vars are passed, old data will be discarded and a new hash table
762 * will be created. If vars are passed, passed vars that are not in
763 * the linear list of "name=value" pairs will be removed from the
764 * current hash table.
766 * The separator character for the "name=value" pairs can be selected,
767 * so we both support importing from externally stored environment
768 * data (separated by NUL characters) and from plain text files
769 * (entries separated by newline characters).
771 * To allow for nicely formatted text input, leading white space
772 * (sequences of SPACE and TAB chars) is ignored, and entries starting
773 * (after removal of any leading white space) with a '#' character are
774 * considered comments and ignored.
776 * [NOTE: this means that a variable name cannot start with a '#'
779 * When using a non-NUL separator character, backslash is used as
780 * escape character in the value part, allowing for example for
783 * In theory, arbitrary separator characters can be used, but only
784 * '\0' and '\n' have really been tested.
787 int himport_r(struct hsearch_data *htab,
788 const char *env, size_t size, const char sep, int flag,
789 int crlf_is_lf, int nvars, char * const vars[])
791 char *data, *sp, *dp, *name, *value;
792 char *localvars[nvars];
795 /* Test for correct arguments. */
801 /* we allocate new space to make sure we can write to the array */
802 if ((data = malloc(size + 1)) == NULL) {
803 debug("himport_r: can't malloc %lu bytes\n", (ulong)size + 1);
807 memcpy(data, env, size);
811 /* make a local copy of the list of variables */
813 memcpy(localvars, vars, sizeof(vars[0]) * nvars);
815 if ((flag & H_NOCLEAR) == 0 && !nvars) {
816 /* Destroy old hash table if one exists */
817 debug("Destroy Hash Table: %p table = %p\n", htab,
824 * Create new hash table (if needed). The computation of the hash
825 * table size is based on heuristics: in a sample of some 70+
826 * existing systems we found an average size of 39+ bytes per entry
827 * in the environment (for the whole key=value pair). Assuming a
828 * size of 8 per entry (= safety factor of ~5) should provide enough
829 * safety margin for any existing environment definitions and still
830 * allow for more than enough dynamic additions. Note that the
831 * "size" argument is supposed to give the maximum environment size
832 * (CONFIG_ENV_SIZE). This heuristics will result in
833 * unreasonably large numbers (and thus memory footprint) for
834 * big flash environments (>8,000 entries for 64 KB
835 * environment size), so we clip it to a reasonable value.
836 * On the other hand we need to add some more entries for free
837 * space when importing very small buffers. Both boundaries can
838 * be overwritten in the board config file if needed.
842 int nent = CONFIG_ENV_MIN_ENTRIES + size / 8;
844 if (nent > CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES)
845 nent = CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES;
847 debug("Create Hash Table: N=%d\n", nent);
849 if (hcreate_r(nent, htab) == 0) {
857 return 1; /* everything OK */
860 /* Remove Carriage Returns in front of Line Feeds */
861 unsigned ignored_crs = 0;
862 for(;dp < data + size && *dp; ++dp) {
864 dp < data + size - 1 && *(dp+1) == '\n')
867 *(dp-ignored_crs) = *dp;
872 /* Parse environment; allow for '\0' and 'sep' as separators */
874 struct env_entry e, *rv;
876 /* skip leading white space */
880 /* skip comment lines */
882 while (*dp && (*dp != sep))
889 for (name = dp; *dp != '=' && *dp && *dp != sep; ++dp)
892 /* deal with "name" and "name=" entries (delete var) */
893 if (*dp == '\0' || *(dp + 1) == '\0' ||
894 *dp == sep || *(dp + 1) == sep) {
897 *dp++ = '\0'; /* terminate name */
899 debug("DELETE CANDIDATE: \"%s\"\n", name);
900 if (!drop_var_from_set(name, nvars, localvars))
903 if (hdelete_r(name, htab, flag) == 0)
904 debug("DELETE ERROR ##############################\n");
908 *dp++ = '\0'; /* terminate name */
910 /* parse value; deal with escapes */
911 for (value = sp = dp; *dp && (*dp != sep); ++dp) {
912 if ((*dp == '\\') && *(dp + 1))
916 *sp++ = '\0'; /* terminate value */
920 debug("INSERT: unable to use an empty key\n");
926 /* Skip variables which are not supposed to be processed */
927 if (!drop_var_from_set(name, nvars, localvars))
930 /* enter into hash table */
934 hsearch_r(e, ENTER, &rv, htab, flag);
936 printf("himport_r: can't insert \"%s=%s\" into hash table\n",
939 debug("INSERT: table %p, filled %d/%d rv %p ==> name=\"%s\" value=\"%s\"\n",
940 htab, htab->filled, htab->size,
942 } while ((dp < data + size) && *dp); /* size check needed for text */
943 /* without '\0' termination */
944 debug("INSERT: free(data = %p)\n", data);
947 if (flag & H_NOCLEAR)
950 /* process variables which were not considered */
951 for (i = 0; i < nvars; i++) {
952 if (localvars[i] == NULL)
955 * All variables which were not deleted from the variable list
956 * were not present in the imported env
957 * This could mean two things:
958 * a) if the variable was present in current env, we delete it
959 * b) if the variable was not present in current env, we notify
962 if (hdelete_r(localvars[i], htab, flag) == 0)
963 printf("WARNING: '%s' neither in running nor in imported env!\n", localvars[i]);
965 printf("WARNING: '%s' not in imported env, deleting it!\n", localvars[i]);
969 debug("INSERT: done\n");
970 return 1; /* everything OK */
978 * Walk all of the entries in the hash, calling the callback for each one.
979 * this allows some generic operation to be performed on each element.
981 int hwalk_r(struct hsearch_data *htab, int (*callback)(struct env_entry *entry))
986 for (i = 1; i <= htab->size; ++i) {
987 if (htab->table[i].used > 0) {
988 retval = callback(&htab->table[i].entry);