1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /* Generic associative array implementation.
4 * See Documentation/core-api/assoc_array.rst for information.
6 * Copyright (C) 2013 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
7 * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
10 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
11 #include <linux/slab.h>
12 #include <linux/err.h>
13 #include <linux/assoc_array_priv.h>
16 * Iterate over an associative array. The caller must hold the RCU read lock
19 static int assoc_array_subtree_iterate(const struct assoc_array_ptr *root,
20 const struct assoc_array_ptr *stop,
21 int (*iterator)(const void *leaf,
25 const struct assoc_array_shortcut *shortcut;
26 const struct assoc_array_node *node;
27 const struct assoc_array_ptr *cursor, *ptr, *parent;
28 unsigned long has_meta;
34 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_shortcut(cursor)) {
35 /* Descend through a shortcut */
36 shortcut = assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(cursor);
37 cursor = READ_ONCE(shortcut->next_node); /* Address dependency. */
40 node = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(cursor);
43 /* We perform two passes of each node.
45 * The first pass does all the leaves in this node. This means we
46 * don't miss any leaves if the node is split up by insertion whilst
47 * we're iterating over the branches rooted here (we may, however, see
51 for (; slot < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; slot++) {
52 ptr = READ_ONCE(node->slots[slot]); /* Address dependency. */
53 has_meta |= (unsigned long)ptr;
54 if (ptr && assoc_array_ptr_is_leaf(ptr)) {
55 /* We need a barrier between the read of the pointer,
56 * which is supplied by the above READ_ONCE().
58 /* Invoke the callback */
59 ret = iterator(assoc_array_ptr_to_leaf(ptr),
66 /* The second pass attends to all the metadata pointers. If we follow
67 * one of these we may find that we don't come back here, but rather go
68 * back to a replacement node with the leaves in a different layout.
70 * We are guaranteed to make progress, however, as the slot number for
71 * a particular portion of the key space cannot change - and we
72 * continue at the back pointer + 1.
74 if (!(has_meta & ASSOC_ARRAY_PTR_META_TYPE))
79 node = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(cursor);
80 for (; slot < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; slot++) {
81 ptr = READ_ONCE(node->slots[slot]); /* Address dependency. */
82 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_meta(ptr)) {
89 /* Move up to the parent (may need to skip back over a shortcut) */
90 parent = READ_ONCE(node->back_pointer); /* Address dependency. */
91 slot = node->parent_slot;
95 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_shortcut(parent)) {
96 shortcut = assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(parent);
98 parent = READ_ONCE(shortcut->back_pointer); /* Address dependency. */
99 slot = shortcut->parent_slot;
104 /* Ascend to next slot in parent node */
111 * assoc_array_iterate - Pass all objects in the array to a callback
112 * @array: The array to iterate over.
113 * @iterator: The callback function.
114 * @iterator_data: Private data for the callback function.
116 * Iterate over all the objects in an associative array. Each one will be
117 * presented to the iterator function.
119 * If the array is being modified concurrently with the iteration then it is
120 * possible that some objects in the array will be passed to the iterator
121 * callback more than once - though every object should be passed at least
122 * once. If this is undesirable then the caller must lock against modification
123 * for the duration of this function.
125 * The function will return 0 if no objects were in the array or else it will
126 * return the result of the last iterator function called. Iteration stops
127 * immediately if any call to the iteration function results in a non-zero
130 * The caller should hold the RCU read lock or better if concurrent
131 * modification is possible.
133 int assoc_array_iterate(const struct assoc_array *array,
134 int (*iterator)(const void *object,
135 void *iterator_data),
138 struct assoc_array_ptr *root = READ_ONCE(array->root); /* Address dependency. */
142 return assoc_array_subtree_iterate(root, NULL, iterator, iterator_data);
145 enum assoc_array_walk_status {
146 assoc_array_walk_tree_empty,
147 assoc_array_walk_found_terminal_node,
148 assoc_array_walk_found_wrong_shortcut,
151 struct assoc_array_walk_result {
153 struct assoc_array_node *node; /* Node in which leaf might be found */
158 struct assoc_array_shortcut *shortcut;
161 unsigned long sc_segments;
162 unsigned long dissimilarity;
167 * Navigate through the internal tree looking for the closest node to the key.
169 static enum assoc_array_walk_status
170 assoc_array_walk(const struct assoc_array *array,
171 const struct assoc_array_ops *ops,
172 const void *index_key,
173 struct assoc_array_walk_result *result)
175 struct assoc_array_shortcut *shortcut;
176 struct assoc_array_node *node;
177 struct assoc_array_ptr *cursor, *ptr;
178 unsigned long sc_segments, dissimilarity;
179 unsigned long segments;
180 int level, sc_level, next_sc_level;
183 pr_devel("-->%s()\n", __func__);
185 cursor = READ_ONCE(array->root); /* Address dependency. */
187 return assoc_array_walk_tree_empty;
191 /* Use segments from the key for the new leaf to navigate through the
192 * internal tree, skipping through nodes and shortcuts that are on
193 * route to the destination. Eventually we'll come to a slot that is
194 * either empty or contains a leaf at which point we've found a node in
195 * which the leaf we're looking for might be found or into which it
196 * should be inserted.
199 segments = ops->get_key_chunk(index_key, level);
200 pr_devel("segments[%d]: %lx\n", level, segments);
202 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_shortcut(cursor))
203 goto follow_shortcut;
206 node = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(cursor);
207 slot = segments >> (level & ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_MASK);
208 slot &= ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_MASK;
209 ptr = READ_ONCE(node->slots[slot]); /* Address dependency. */
211 pr_devel("consider slot %x [ix=%d type=%lu]\n",
212 slot, level, (unsigned long)ptr & 3);
214 if (!assoc_array_ptr_is_meta(ptr)) {
215 /* The node doesn't have a node/shortcut pointer in the slot
216 * corresponding to the index key that we have to follow.
218 result->terminal_node.node = node;
219 result->terminal_node.level = level;
220 result->terminal_node.slot = slot;
221 pr_devel("<--%s() = terminal_node\n", __func__);
222 return assoc_array_walk_found_terminal_node;
225 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_node(ptr)) {
226 /* There is a pointer to a node in the slot corresponding to
227 * this index key segment, so we need to follow it.
230 level += ASSOC_ARRAY_LEVEL_STEP;
231 if ((level & ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_MASK) != 0)
236 /* There is a shortcut in the slot corresponding to the index key
237 * segment. We follow the shortcut if its partial index key matches
238 * this leaf's. Otherwise we need to split the shortcut.
242 shortcut = assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(cursor);
243 pr_devel("shortcut to %d\n", shortcut->skip_to_level);
244 sc_level = level + ASSOC_ARRAY_LEVEL_STEP;
245 BUG_ON(sc_level > shortcut->skip_to_level);
248 /* Check the leaf against the shortcut's index key a word at a
249 * time, trimming the final word (the shortcut stores the index
250 * key completely from the root to the shortcut's target).
252 if ((sc_level & ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_MASK) == 0)
253 segments = ops->get_key_chunk(index_key, sc_level);
255 sc_segments = shortcut->index_key[sc_level >> ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_SHIFT];
256 dissimilarity = segments ^ sc_segments;
258 if (round_up(sc_level, ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_SIZE) > shortcut->skip_to_level) {
259 /* Trim segments that are beyond the shortcut */
260 int shift = shortcut->skip_to_level & ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_MASK;
261 dissimilarity &= ~(ULONG_MAX << shift);
262 next_sc_level = shortcut->skip_to_level;
264 next_sc_level = sc_level + ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_SIZE;
265 next_sc_level = round_down(next_sc_level, ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_SIZE);
268 if (dissimilarity != 0) {
269 /* This shortcut points elsewhere */
270 result->wrong_shortcut.shortcut = shortcut;
271 result->wrong_shortcut.level = level;
272 result->wrong_shortcut.sc_level = sc_level;
273 result->wrong_shortcut.sc_segments = sc_segments;
274 result->wrong_shortcut.dissimilarity = dissimilarity;
275 return assoc_array_walk_found_wrong_shortcut;
278 sc_level = next_sc_level;
279 } while (sc_level < shortcut->skip_to_level);
281 /* The shortcut matches the leaf's index to this point. */
282 cursor = READ_ONCE(shortcut->next_node); /* Address dependency. */
283 if (((level ^ sc_level) & ~ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_MASK) != 0) {
293 * assoc_array_find - Find an object by index key
294 * @array: The associative array to search.
295 * @ops: The operations to use.
296 * @index_key: The key to the object.
298 * Find an object in an associative array by walking through the internal tree
299 * to the node that should contain the object and then searching the leaves
300 * there. NULL is returned if the requested object was not found in the array.
302 * The caller must hold the RCU read lock or better.
304 void *assoc_array_find(const struct assoc_array *array,
305 const struct assoc_array_ops *ops,
306 const void *index_key)
308 struct assoc_array_walk_result result;
309 const struct assoc_array_node *node;
310 const struct assoc_array_ptr *ptr;
314 if (assoc_array_walk(array, ops, index_key, &result) !=
315 assoc_array_walk_found_terminal_node)
318 node = result.terminal_node.node;
320 /* If the target key is available to us, it's has to be pointed to by
323 for (slot = 0; slot < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; slot++) {
324 ptr = READ_ONCE(node->slots[slot]); /* Address dependency. */
325 if (ptr && assoc_array_ptr_is_leaf(ptr)) {
326 /* We need a barrier between the read of the pointer
327 * and dereferencing the pointer - but only if we are
328 * actually going to dereference it.
330 leaf = assoc_array_ptr_to_leaf(ptr);
331 if (ops->compare_object(leaf, index_key))
340 * Destructively iterate over an associative array. The caller must prevent
341 * other simultaneous accesses.
343 static void assoc_array_destroy_subtree(struct assoc_array_ptr *root,
344 const struct assoc_array_ops *ops)
346 struct assoc_array_shortcut *shortcut;
347 struct assoc_array_node *node;
348 struct assoc_array_ptr *cursor, *parent = NULL;
351 pr_devel("-->%s()\n", __func__);
360 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_shortcut(cursor)) {
361 /* Descend through a shortcut */
362 pr_devel("[%d] shortcut\n", slot);
363 BUG_ON(!assoc_array_ptr_is_shortcut(cursor));
364 shortcut = assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(cursor);
365 BUG_ON(shortcut->back_pointer != parent);
366 BUG_ON(slot != -1 && shortcut->parent_slot != slot);
368 cursor = shortcut->next_node;
370 BUG_ON(!assoc_array_ptr_is_node(cursor));
373 pr_devel("[%d] node\n", slot);
374 node = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(cursor);
375 BUG_ON(node->back_pointer != parent);
376 BUG_ON(slot != -1 && node->parent_slot != slot);
380 pr_devel("Node %p [back=%p]\n", node, node->back_pointer);
381 for (; slot < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; slot++) {
382 struct assoc_array_ptr *ptr = node->slots[slot];
385 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_meta(ptr)) {
392 pr_devel("[%d] free leaf\n", slot);
393 ops->free_object(assoc_array_ptr_to_leaf(ptr));
397 parent = node->back_pointer;
398 slot = node->parent_slot;
399 pr_devel("free node\n");
404 /* Move back up to the parent (may need to free a shortcut on
406 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_shortcut(parent)) {
407 shortcut = assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(parent);
408 BUG_ON(shortcut->next_node != cursor);
410 parent = shortcut->back_pointer;
411 slot = shortcut->parent_slot;
412 pr_devel("free shortcut\n");
417 BUG_ON(!assoc_array_ptr_is_node(parent));
420 /* Ascend to next slot in parent node */
421 pr_devel("ascend to %p[%d]\n", parent, slot);
423 node = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(cursor);
429 * assoc_array_destroy - Destroy an associative array
430 * @array: The array to destroy.
431 * @ops: The operations to use.
433 * Discard all metadata and free all objects in an associative array. The
434 * array will be empty and ready to use again upon completion. This function
437 * The caller must prevent all other accesses whilst this takes place as no
438 * attempt is made to adjust pointers gracefully to permit RCU readlock-holding
439 * accesses to continue. On the other hand, no memory allocation is required.
441 void assoc_array_destroy(struct assoc_array *array,
442 const struct assoc_array_ops *ops)
444 assoc_array_destroy_subtree(array->root, ops);
449 * Handle insertion into an empty tree.
451 static bool assoc_array_insert_in_empty_tree(struct assoc_array_edit *edit)
453 struct assoc_array_node *new_n0;
455 pr_devel("-->%s()\n", __func__);
457 new_n0 = kzalloc(sizeof(struct assoc_array_node), GFP_KERNEL);
461 edit->new_meta[0] = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n0);
462 edit->leaf_p = &new_n0->slots[0];
463 edit->adjust_count_on = new_n0;
464 edit->set[0].ptr = &edit->array->root;
465 edit->set[0].to = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n0);
467 pr_devel("<--%s() = ok [no root]\n", __func__);
472 * Handle insertion into a terminal node.
474 static bool assoc_array_insert_into_terminal_node(struct assoc_array_edit *edit,
475 const struct assoc_array_ops *ops,
476 const void *index_key,
477 struct assoc_array_walk_result *result)
479 struct assoc_array_shortcut *shortcut, *new_s0;
480 struct assoc_array_node *node, *new_n0, *new_n1, *side;
481 struct assoc_array_ptr *ptr;
482 unsigned long dissimilarity, base_seg, blank;
486 int slot, next_slot, free_slot, i, j;
488 node = result->terminal_node.node;
489 level = result->terminal_node.level;
490 edit->segment_cache[ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT] = result->terminal_node.slot;
492 pr_devel("-->%s()\n", __func__);
494 /* We arrived at a node which doesn't have an onward node or shortcut
495 * pointer that we have to follow. This means that (a) the leaf we
496 * want must go here (either by insertion or replacement) or (b) we
497 * need to split this node and insert in one of the fragments.
501 /* Firstly, we have to check the leaves in this node to see if there's
502 * a matching one we should replace in place.
504 for (i = 0; i < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; i++) {
505 ptr = node->slots[i];
510 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_leaf(ptr) &&
511 ops->compare_object(assoc_array_ptr_to_leaf(ptr),
513 pr_devel("replace in slot %d\n", i);
514 edit->leaf_p = &node->slots[i];
515 edit->dead_leaf = node->slots[i];
516 pr_devel("<--%s() = ok [replace]\n", __func__);
521 /* If there is a free slot in this node then we can just insert the
524 if (free_slot >= 0) {
525 pr_devel("insert in free slot %d\n", free_slot);
526 edit->leaf_p = &node->slots[free_slot];
527 edit->adjust_count_on = node;
528 pr_devel("<--%s() = ok [insert]\n", __func__);
532 /* The node has no spare slots - so we're either going to have to split
533 * it or insert another node before it.
535 * Whatever, we're going to need at least two new nodes - so allocate
536 * those now. We may also need a new shortcut, but we deal with that
539 new_n0 = kzalloc(sizeof(struct assoc_array_node), GFP_KERNEL);
542 edit->new_meta[0] = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n0);
543 new_n1 = kzalloc(sizeof(struct assoc_array_node), GFP_KERNEL);
546 edit->new_meta[1] = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n1);
548 /* We need to find out how similar the leaves are. */
549 pr_devel("no spare slots\n");
551 for (i = 0; i < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; i++) {
552 ptr = node->slots[i];
553 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_meta(ptr)) {
554 edit->segment_cache[i] = 0xff;
558 base_seg = ops->get_object_key_chunk(
559 assoc_array_ptr_to_leaf(ptr), level);
560 base_seg >>= level & ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_MASK;
561 edit->segment_cache[i] = base_seg & ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_MASK;
565 pr_devel("have meta\n");
569 /* The node contains only leaves */
571 base_seg = edit->segment_cache[0];
572 for (i = 1; i < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; i++)
573 dissimilarity |= edit->segment_cache[i] ^ base_seg;
575 pr_devel("only leaves; dissimilarity=%lx\n", dissimilarity);
577 if ((dissimilarity & ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_MASK) == 0) {
578 /* The old leaves all cluster in the same slot. We will need
579 * to insert a shortcut if the new node wants to cluster with them.
581 if ((edit->segment_cache[ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT] ^ base_seg) == 0)
582 goto all_leaves_cluster_together;
584 /* Otherwise all the old leaves cluster in the same slot, but
585 * the new leaf wants to go into a different slot - so we
586 * create a new node (n0) to hold the new leaf and a pointer to
587 * a new node (n1) holding all the old leaves.
589 * This can be done by falling through to the node splitting
592 pr_devel("present leaves cluster but not new leaf\n");
596 pr_devel("split node\n");
598 /* We need to split the current node. The node must contain anything
599 * from a single leaf (in the one leaf case, this leaf will cluster
600 * with the new leaf) and the rest meta-pointers, to all leaves, some
601 * of which may cluster.
603 * It won't contain the case in which all the current leaves plus the
604 * new leaves want to cluster in the same slot.
606 * We need to expel at least two leaves out of a set consisting of the
607 * leaves in the node and the new leaf. The current meta pointers can
608 * just be copied as they shouldn't cluster with any of the leaves.
610 * We need a new node (n0) to replace the current one and a new node to
611 * take the expelled nodes (n1).
613 edit->set[0].to = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n0);
614 new_n0->back_pointer = node->back_pointer;
615 new_n0->parent_slot = node->parent_slot;
616 new_n1->back_pointer = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n0);
617 new_n1->parent_slot = -1; /* Need to calculate this */
620 pr_devel("do_split_node\n");
622 new_n0->nr_leaves_on_branch = node->nr_leaves_on_branch;
623 new_n1->nr_leaves_on_branch = 0;
625 /* Begin by finding two matching leaves. There have to be at least two
626 * that match - even if there are meta pointers - because any leaf that
627 * would match a slot with a meta pointer in it must be somewhere
628 * behind that meta pointer and cannot be here. Further, given N
629 * remaining leaf slots, we now have N+1 leaves to go in them.
631 for (i = 0; i < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; i++) {
632 slot = edit->segment_cache[i];
634 for (j = i + 1; j < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT + 1; j++)
635 if (edit->segment_cache[j] == slot)
636 goto found_slot_for_multiple_occupancy;
638 found_slot_for_multiple_occupancy:
639 pr_devel("same slot: %x %x [%02x]\n", i, j, slot);
640 BUG_ON(i >= ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT);
641 BUG_ON(j >= ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT + 1);
642 BUG_ON(slot >= ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT);
644 new_n1->parent_slot = slot;
646 /* Metadata pointers cannot change slot */
647 for (i = 0; i < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; i++)
648 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_meta(node->slots[i]))
649 new_n0->slots[i] = node->slots[i];
651 new_n0->slots[i] = NULL;
652 BUG_ON(new_n0->slots[slot] != NULL);
653 new_n0->slots[slot] = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n1);
655 /* Filter the leaf pointers between the new nodes */
658 for (i = 0; i < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; i++) {
659 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_meta(node->slots[i]))
661 if (edit->segment_cache[i] == slot) {
662 new_n1->slots[next_slot++] = node->slots[i];
663 new_n1->nr_leaves_on_branch++;
667 } while (new_n0->slots[free_slot] != NULL);
668 new_n0->slots[free_slot] = node->slots[i];
672 pr_devel("filtered: f=%x n=%x\n", free_slot, next_slot);
674 if (edit->segment_cache[ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT] != slot) {
677 } while (new_n0->slots[free_slot] != NULL);
678 edit->leaf_p = &new_n0->slots[free_slot];
679 edit->adjust_count_on = new_n0;
681 edit->leaf_p = &new_n1->slots[next_slot++];
682 edit->adjust_count_on = new_n1;
685 BUG_ON(next_slot <= 1);
687 edit->set_backpointers_to = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n0);
688 for (i = 0; i < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; i++) {
689 if (edit->segment_cache[i] == 0xff) {
690 ptr = node->slots[i];
691 BUG_ON(assoc_array_ptr_is_leaf(ptr));
692 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_node(ptr)) {
693 side = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(ptr);
694 edit->set_backpointers[i] = &side->back_pointer;
696 shortcut = assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(ptr);
697 edit->set_backpointers[i] = &shortcut->back_pointer;
702 ptr = node->back_pointer;
704 edit->set[0].ptr = &edit->array->root;
705 else if (assoc_array_ptr_is_node(ptr))
706 edit->set[0].ptr = &assoc_array_ptr_to_node(ptr)->slots[node->parent_slot];
708 edit->set[0].ptr = &assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(ptr)->next_node;
709 edit->excised_meta[0] = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(node);
710 pr_devel("<--%s() = ok [split node]\n", __func__);
713 all_leaves_cluster_together:
714 /* All the leaves, new and old, want to cluster together in this node
715 * in the same slot, so we have to replace this node with a shortcut to
716 * skip over the identical parts of the key and then place a pair of
717 * nodes, one inside the other, at the end of the shortcut and
718 * distribute the keys between them.
720 * Firstly we need to work out where the leaves start diverging as a
721 * bit position into their keys so that we know how big the shortcut
724 * We only need to make a single pass of N of the N+1 leaves because if
725 * any keys differ between themselves at bit X then at least one of
726 * them must also differ with the base key at bit X or before.
728 pr_devel("all leaves cluster together\n");
730 for (i = 0; i < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; i++) {
731 int x = ops->diff_objects(assoc_array_ptr_to_leaf(node->slots[i]),
738 BUG_ON(diff == INT_MAX);
739 BUG_ON(diff < level + ASSOC_ARRAY_LEVEL_STEP);
741 keylen = round_up(diff, ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_SIZE);
742 keylen >>= ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_SHIFT;
744 new_s0 = kzalloc(struct_size(new_s0, index_key, keylen), GFP_KERNEL);
747 edit->new_meta[2] = assoc_array_shortcut_to_ptr(new_s0);
749 edit->set[0].to = assoc_array_shortcut_to_ptr(new_s0);
750 new_s0->back_pointer = node->back_pointer;
751 new_s0->parent_slot = node->parent_slot;
752 new_s0->next_node = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n0);
753 new_n0->back_pointer = assoc_array_shortcut_to_ptr(new_s0);
754 new_n0->parent_slot = 0;
755 new_n1->back_pointer = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n0);
756 new_n1->parent_slot = -1; /* Need to calculate this */
758 new_s0->skip_to_level = level = diff & ~ASSOC_ARRAY_LEVEL_STEP_MASK;
759 pr_devel("skip_to_level = %d [diff %d]\n", level, diff);
762 for (i = 0; i < keylen; i++)
763 new_s0->index_key[i] =
764 ops->get_key_chunk(index_key, i * ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_SIZE);
766 if (level & ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_MASK) {
767 blank = ULONG_MAX << (level & ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_MASK);
768 pr_devel("blank off [%zu] %d: %lx\n", keylen - 1, level, blank);
769 new_s0->index_key[keylen - 1] &= ~blank;
772 /* This now reduces to a node splitting exercise for which we'll need
773 * to regenerate the disparity table.
775 for (i = 0; i < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; i++) {
776 ptr = node->slots[i];
777 base_seg = ops->get_object_key_chunk(assoc_array_ptr_to_leaf(ptr),
779 base_seg >>= level & ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_MASK;
780 edit->segment_cache[i] = base_seg & ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_MASK;
783 base_seg = ops->get_key_chunk(index_key, level);
784 base_seg >>= level & ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_MASK;
785 edit->segment_cache[ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT] = base_seg & ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_MASK;
790 * Handle insertion into the middle of a shortcut.
792 static bool assoc_array_insert_mid_shortcut(struct assoc_array_edit *edit,
793 const struct assoc_array_ops *ops,
794 struct assoc_array_walk_result *result)
796 struct assoc_array_shortcut *shortcut, *new_s0, *new_s1;
797 struct assoc_array_node *node, *new_n0, *side;
798 unsigned long sc_segments, dissimilarity, blank;
800 int level, sc_level, diff;
803 shortcut = result->wrong_shortcut.shortcut;
804 level = result->wrong_shortcut.level;
805 sc_level = result->wrong_shortcut.sc_level;
806 sc_segments = result->wrong_shortcut.sc_segments;
807 dissimilarity = result->wrong_shortcut.dissimilarity;
809 pr_devel("-->%s(ix=%d dis=%lx scix=%d)\n",
810 __func__, level, dissimilarity, sc_level);
812 /* We need to split a shortcut and insert a node between the two
813 * pieces. Zero-length pieces will be dispensed with entirely.
815 * First of all, we need to find out in which level the first
818 diff = __ffs(dissimilarity);
819 diff &= ~ASSOC_ARRAY_LEVEL_STEP_MASK;
820 diff += sc_level & ~ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_MASK;
821 pr_devel("diff=%d\n", diff);
823 if (!shortcut->back_pointer) {
824 edit->set[0].ptr = &edit->array->root;
825 } else if (assoc_array_ptr_is_node(shortcut->back_pointer)) {
826 node = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(shortcut->back_pointer);
827 edit->set[0].ptr = &node->slots[shortcut->parent_slot];
832 edit->excised_meta[0] = assoc_array_shortcut_to_ptr(shortcut);
834 /* Create a new node now since we're going to need it anyway */
835 new_n0 = kzalloc(sizeof(struct assoc_array_node), GFP_KERNEL);
838 edit->new_meta[0] = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n0);
839 edit->adjust_count_on = new_n0;
841 /* Insert a new shortcut before the new node if this segment isn't of
842 * zero length - otherwise we just connect the new node directly to the
845 level += ASSOC_ARRAY_LEVEL_STEP;
847 pr_devel("pre-shortcut %d...%d\n", level, diff);
848 keylen = round_up(diff, ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_SIZE);
849 keylen >>= ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_SHIFT;
851 new_s0 = kzalloc(struct_size(new_s0, index_key, keylen),
855 edit->new_meta[1] = assoc_array_shortcut_to_ptr(new_s0);
856 edit->set[0].to = assoc_array_shortcut_to_ptr(new_s0);
857 new_s0->back_pointer = shortcut->back_pointer;
858 new_s0->parent_slot = shortcut->parent_slot;
859 new_s0->next_node = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n0);
860 new_s0->skip_to_level = diff;
862 new_n0->back_pointer = assoc_array_shortcut_to_ptr(new_s0);
863 new_n0->parent_slot = 0;
865 memcpy(new_s0->index_key, shortcut->index_key,
866 flex_array_size(new_s0, index_key, keylen));
868 blank = ULONG_MAX << (diff & ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_MASK);
869 pr_devel("blank off [%zu] %d: %lx\n", keylen - 1, diff, blank);
870 new_s0->index_key[keylen - 1] &= ~blank;
872 pr_devel("no pre-shortcut\n");
873 edit->set[0].to = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n0);
874 new_n0->back_pointer = shortcut->back_pointer;
875 new_n0->parent_slot = shortcut->parent_slot;
878 side = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(shortcut->next_node);
879 new_n0->nr_leaves_on_branch = side->nr_leaves_on_branch;
881 /* We need to know which slot in the new node is going to take a
884 sc_slot = sc_segments >> (diff & ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_MASK);
885 sc_slot &= ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_MASK;
887 pr_devel("new slot %lx >> %d -> %d\n",
888 sc_segments, diff & ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_MASK, sc_slot);
890 /* Determine whether we need to follow the new node with a replacement
891 * for the current shortcut. We could in theory reuse the current
892 * shortcut if its parent slot number doesn't change - but that's a
893 * 1-in-16 chance so not worth expending the code upon.
895 level = diff + ASSOC_ARRAY_LEVEL_STEP;
896 if (level < shortcut->skip_to_level) {
897 pr_devel("post-shortcut %d...%d\n", level, shortcut->skip_to_level);
898 keylen = round_up(shortcut->skip_to_level, ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_SIZE);
899 keylen >>= ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_SHIFT;
901 new_s1 = kzalloc(struct_size(new_s1, index_key, keylen),
905 edit->new_meta[2] = assoc_array_shortcut_to_ptr(new_s1);
907 new_s1->back_pointer = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n0);
908 new_s1->parent_slot = sc_slot;
909 new_s1->next_node = shortcut->next_node;
910 new_s1->skip_to_level = shortcut->skip_to_level;
912 new_n0->slots[sc_slot] = assoc_array_shortcut_to_ptr(new_s1);
914 memcpy(new_s1->index_key, shortcut->index_key,
915 flex_array_size(new_s1, index_key, keylen));
917 edit->set[1].ptr = &side->back_pointer;
918 edit->set[1].to = assoc_array_shortcut_to_ptr(new_s1);
920 pr_devel("no post-shortcut\n");
922 /* We don't have to replace the pointed-to node as long as we
923 * use memory barriers to make sure the parent slot number is
924 * changed before the back pointer (the parent slot number is
925 * irrelevant to the old parent shortcut).
927 new_n0->slots[sc_slot] = shortcut->next_node;
928 edit->set_parent_slot[0].p = &side->parent_slot;
929 edit->set_parent_slot[0].to = sc_slot;
930 edit->set[1].ptr = &side->back_pointer;
931 edit->set[1].to = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n0);
934 /* Install the new leaf in a spare slot in the new node. */
936 edit->leaf_p = &new_n0->slots[1];
938 edit->leaf_p = &new_n0->slots[0];
940 pr_devel("<--%s() = ok [split shortcut]\n", __func__);
945 * assoc_array_insert - Script insertion of an object into an associative array
946 * @array: The array to insert into.
947 * @ops: The operations to use.
948 * @index_key: The key to insert at.
949 * @object: The object to insert.
951 * Precalculate and preallocate a script for the insertion or replacement of an
952 * object in an associative array. This results in an edit script that can
953 * either be applied or cancelled.
955 * The function returns a pointer to an edit script or -ENOMEM.
957 * The caller should lock against other modifications and must continue to hold
958 * the lock until assoc_array_apply_edit() has been called.
960 * Accesses to the tree may take place concurrently with this function,
961 * provided they hold the RCU read lock.
963 struct assoc_array_edit *assoc_array_insert(struct assoc_array *array,
964 const struct assoc_array_ops *ops,
965 const void *index_key,
968 struct assoc_array_walk_result result;
969 struct assoc_array_edit *edit;
971 pr_devel("-->%s()\n", __func__);
973 /* The leaf pointer we're given must not have the bottom bit set as we
974 * use those for type-marking the pointer. NULL pointers are also not
975 * allowed as they indicate an empty slot but we have to allow them
976 * here as they can be updated later.
978 BUG_ON(assoc_array_ptr_is_meta(object));
980 edit = kzalloc(sizeof(struct assoc_array_edit), GFP_KERNEL);
982 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
985 edit->leaf = assoc_array_leaf_to_ptr(object);
986 edit->adjust_count_by = 1;
988 switch (assoc_array_walk(array, ops, index_key, &result)) {
989 case assoc_array_walk_tree_empty:
990 /* Allocate a root node if there isn't one yet */
991 if (!assoc_array_insert_in_empty_tree(edit))
995 case assoc_array_walk_found_terminal_node:
996 /* We found a node that doesn't have a node/shortcut pointer in
997 * the slot corresponding to the index key that we have to
1000 if (!assoc_array_insert_into_terminal_node(edit, ops, index_key,
1005 case assoc_array_walk_found_wrong_shortcut:
1006 /* We found a shortcut that didn't match our key in a slot we
1009 if (!assoc_array_insert_mid_shortcut(edit, ops, &result))
1015 /* Clean up after an out of memory error */
1016 pr_devel("enomem\n");
1017 assoc_array_cancel_edit(edit);
1018 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1022 * assoc_array_insert_set_object - Set the new object pointer in an edit script
1023 * @edit: The edit script to modify.
1024 * @object: The object pointer to set.
1026 * Change the object to be inserted in an edit script. The object pointed to
1027 * by the old object is not freed. This must be done prior to applying the
1030 void assoc_array_insert_set_object(struct assoc_array_edit *edit, void *object)
1033 edit->leaf = assoc_array_leaf_to_ptr(object);
1036 struct assoc_array_delete_collapse_context {
1037 struct assoc_array_node *node;
1038 const void *skip_leaf;
1043 * Subtree collapse to node iterator.
1045 static int assoc_array_delete_collapse_iterator(const void *leaf,
1046 void *iterator_data)
1048 struct assoc_array_delete_collapse_context *collapse = iterator_data;
1050 if (leaf == collapse->skip_leaf)
1053 BUG_ON(collapse->slot >= ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT);
1055 collapse->node->slots[collapse->slot++] = assoc_array_leaf_to_ptr(leaf);
1060 * assoc_array_delete - Script deletion of an object from an associative array
1061 * @array: The array to search.
1062 * @ops: The operations to use.
1063 * @index_key: The key to the object.
1065 * Precalculate and preallocate a script for the deletion of an object from an
1066 * associative array. This results in an edit script that can either be
1067 * applied or cancelled.
1069 * The function returns a pointer to an edit script if the object was found,
1070 * NULL if the object was not found or -ENOMEM.
1072 * The caller should lock against other modifications and must continue to hold
1073 * the lock until assoc_array_apply_edit() has been called.
1075 * Accesses to the tree may take place concurrently with this function,
1076 * provided they hold the RCU read lock.
1078 struct assoc_array_edit *assoc_array_delete(struct assoc_array *array,
1079 const struct assoc_array_ops *ops,
1080 const void *index_key)
1082 struct assoc_array_delete_collapse_context collapse;
1083 struct assoc_array_walk_result result;
1084 struct assoc_array_node *node, *new_n0;
1085 struct assoc_array_edit *edit;
1086 struct assoc_array_ptr *ptr;
1090 pr_devel("-->%s()\n", __func__);
1092 edit = kzalloc(sizeof(struct assoc_array_edit), GFP_KERNEL);
1094 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1095 edit->array = array;
1097 edit->adjust_count_by = -1;
1099 switch (assoc_array_walk(array, ops, index_key, &result)) {
1100 case assoc_array_walk_found_terminal_node:
1101 /* We found a node that should contain the leaf we've been
1102 * asked to remove - *if* it's in the tree.
1104 pr_devel("terminal_node\n");
1105 node = result.terminal_node.node;
1107 for (slot = 0; slot < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; slot++) {
1108 ptr = node->slots[slot];
1110 assoc_array_ptr_is_leaf(ptr) &&
1111 ops->compare_object(assoc_array_ptr_to_leaf(ptr),
1116 case assoc_array_walk_tree_empty:
1117 case assoc_array_walk_found_wrong_shortcut:
1119 assoc_array_cancel_edit(edit);
1120 pr_devel("not found\n");
1125 BUG_ON(array->nr_leaves_on_tree <= 0);
1127 /* In the simplest form of deletion we just clear the slot and release
1128 * the leaf after a suitable interval.
1130 edit->dead_leaf = node->slots[slot];
1131 edit->set[0].ptr = &node->slots[slot];
1132 edit->set[0].to = NULL;
1133 edit->adjust_count_on = node;
1135 /* If that concludes erasure of the last leaf, then delete the entire
1138 if (array->nr_leaves_on_tree == 1) {
1139 edit->set[1].ptr = &array->root;
1140 edit->set[1].to = NULL;
1141 edit->adjust_count_on = NULL;
1142 edit->excised_subtree = array->root;
1143 pr_devel("all gone\n");
1147 /* However, we'd also like to clear up some metadata blocks if we
1150 * We go for a simple algorithm of: if this node has FAN_OUT or fewer
1151 * leaves in it, then attempt to collapse it - and attempt to
1152 * recursively collapse up the tree.
1154 * We could also try and collapse in partially filled subtrees to take
1155 * up space in this node.
1157 if (node->nr_leaves_on_branch <= ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT + 1) {
1158 struct assoc_array_node *parent, *grandparent;
1159 struct assoc_array_ptr *ptr;
1161 /* First of all, we need to know if this node has metadata so
1162 * that we don't try collapsing if all the leaves are already
1166 for (i = 0; i < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; i++) {
1167 ptr = node->slots[i];
1168 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_meta(ptr)) {
1174 pr_devel("leaves: %ld [m=%d]\n",
1175 node->nr_leaves_on_branch - 1, has_meta);
1177 /* Look further up the tree to see if we can collapse this node
1178 * into a more proximal node too.
1182 pr_devel("collapse subtree: %ld\n", parent->nr_leaves_on_branch);
1184 ptr = parent->back_pointer;
1187 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_shortcut(ptr)) {
1188 struct assoc_array_shortcut *s = assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(ptr);
1189 ptr = s->back_pointer;
1194 grandparent = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(ptr);
1195 if (grandparent->nr_leaves_on_branch <= ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT + 1) {
1196 parent = grandparent;
1201 /* There's no point collapsing if the original node has no meta
1202 * pointers to discard and if we didn't merge into one of that
1205 if (has_meta || parent != node) {
1208 /* Create a new node to collapse into */
1209 new_n0 = kzalloc(sizeof(struct assoc_array_node), GFP_KERNEL);
1212 edit->new_meta[0] = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n0);
1214 new_n0->back_pointer = node->back_pointer;
1215 new_n0->parent_slot = node->parent_slot;
1216 new_n0->nr_leaves_on_branch = node->nr_leaves_on_branch;
1217 edit->adjust_count_on = new_n0;
1219 collapse.node = new_n0;
1220 collapse.skip_leaf = assoc_array_ptr_to_leaf(edit->dead_leaf);
1222 assoc_array_subtree_iterate(assoc_array_node_to_ptr(node),
1224 assoc_array_delete_collapse_iterator,
1226 pr_devel("collapsed %d,%lu\n", collapse.slot, new_n0->nr_leaves_on_branch);
1227 BUG_ON(collapse.slot != new_n0->nr_leaves_on_branch - 1);
1229 if (!node->back_pointer) {
1230 edit->set[1].ptr = &array->root;
1231 } else if (assoc_array_ptr_is_leaf(node->back_pointer)) {
1233 } else if (assoc_array_ptr_is_node(node->back_pointer)) {
1234 struct assoc_array_node *p =
1235 assoc_array_ptr_to_node(node->back_pointer);
1236 edit->set[1].ptr = &p->slots[node->parent_slot];
1237 } else if (assoc_array_ptr_is_shortcut(node->back_pointer)) {
1238 struct assoc_array_shortcut *s =
1239 assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(node->back_pointer);
1240 edit->set[1].ptr = &s->next_node;
1242 edit->set[1].to = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n0);
1243 edit->excised_subtree = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(node);
1250 /* Clean up after an out of memory error */
1251 pr_devel("enomem\n");
1252 assoc_array_cancel_edit(edit);
1253 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1257 * assoc_array_clear - Script deletion of all objects from an associative array
1258 * @array: The array to clear.
1259 * @ops: The operations to use.
1261 * Precalculate and preallocate a script for the deletion of all the objects
1262 * from an associative array. This results in an edit script that can either
1263 * be applied or cancelled.
1265 * The function returns a pointer to an edit script if there are objects to be
1266 * deleted, NULL if there are no objects in the array or -ENOMEM.
1268 * The caller should lock against other modifications and must continue to hold
1269 * the lock until assoc_array_apply_edit() has been called.
1271 * Accesses to the tree may take place concurrently with this function,
1272 * provided they hold the RCU read lock.
1274 struct assoc_array_edit *assoc_array_clear(struct assoc_array *array,
1275 const struct assoc_array_ops *ops)
1277 struct assoc_array_edit *edit;
1279 pr_devel("-->%s()\n", __func__);
1284 edit = kzalloc(sizeof(struct assoc_array_edit), GFP_KERNEL);
1286 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1287 edit->array = array;
1289 edit->set[1].ptr = &array->root;
1290 edit->set[1].to = NULL;
1291 edit->excised_subtree = array->root;
1292 edit->ops_for_excised_subtree = ops;
1293 pr_devel("all gone\n");
1298 * Handle the deferred destruction after an applied edit.
1300 static void assoc_array_rcu_cleanup(struct rcu_head *head)
1302 struct assoc_array_edit *edit =
1303 container_of(head, struct assoc_array_edit, rcu);
1306 pr_devel("-->%s()\n", __func__);
1308 if (edit->dead_leaf)
1309 edit->ops->free_object(assoc_array_ptr_to_leaf(edit->dead_leaf));
1310 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(edit->excised_meta); i++)
1311 if (edit->excised_meta[i])
1312 kfree(assoc_array_ptr_to_node(edit->excised_meta[i]));
1314 if (edit->excised_subtree) {
1315 BUG_ON(assoc_array_ptr_is_leaf(edit->excised_subtree));
1316 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_node(edit->excised_subtree)) {
1317 struct assoc_array_node *n =
1318 assoc_array_ptr_to_node(edit->excised_subtree);
1319 n->back_pointer = NULL;
1321 struct assoc_array_shortcut *s =
1322 assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(edit->excised_subtree);
1323 s->back_pointer = NULL;
1325 assoc_array_destroy_subtree(edit->excised_subtree,
1326 edit->ops_for_excised_subtree);
1333 * assoc_array_apply_edit - Apply an edit script to an associative array
1334 * @edit: The script to apply.
1336 * Apply an edit script to an associative array to effect an insertion,
1337 * deletion or clearance. As the edit script includes preallocated memory,
1338 * this is guaranteed not to fail.
1340 * The edit script, dead objects and dead metadata will be scheduled for
1341 * destruction after an RCU grace period to permit those doing read-only
1342 * accesses on the array to continue to do so under the RCU read lock whilst
1343 * the edit is taking place.
1345 void assoc_array_apply_edit(struct assoc_array_edit *edit)
1347 struct assoc_array_shortcut *shortcut;
1348 struct assoc_array_node *node;
1349 struct assoc_array_ptr *ptr;
1352 pr_devel("-->%s()\n", __func__);
1356 *edit->leaf_p = edit->leaf;
1359 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(edit->set_parent_slot); i++)
1360 if (edit->set_parent_slot[i].p)
1361 *edit->set_parent_slot[i].p = edit->set_parent_slot[i].to;
1364 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(edit->set_backpointers); i++)
1365 if (edit->set_backpointers[i])
1366 *edit->set_backpointers[i] = edit->set_backpointers_to;
1369 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(edit->set); i++)
1370 if (edit->set[i].ptr)
1371 *edit->set[i].ptr = edit->set[i].to;
1373 if (edit->array->root == NULL) {
1374 edit->array->nr_leaves_on_tree = 0;
1375 } else if (edit->adjust_count_on) {
1376 node = edit->adjust_count_on;
1378 node->nr_leaves_on_branch += edit->adjust_count_by;
1380 ptr = node->back_pointer;
1383 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_shortcut(ptr)) {
1384 shortcut = assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(ptr);
1385 ptr = shortcut->back_pointer;
1389 BUG_ON(!assoc_array_ptr_is_node(ptr));
1390 node = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(ptr);
1393 edit->array->nr_leaves_on_tree += edit->adjust_count_by;
1396 call_rcu(&edit->rcu, assoc_array_rcu_cleanup);
1400 * assoc_array_cancel_edit - Discard an edit script.
1401 * @edit: The script to discard.
1403 * Free an edit script and all the preallocated data it holds without making
1404 * any changes to the associative array it was intended for.
1406 * NOTE! In the case of an insertion script, this does _not_ release the leaf
1407 * that was to be inserted. That is left to the caller.
1409 void assoc_array_cancel_edit(struct assoc_array_edit *edit)
1411 struct assoc_array_ptr *ptr;
1414 pr_devel("-->%s()\n", __func__);
1416 /* Clean up after an out of memory error */
1417 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(edit->new_meta); i++) {
1418 ptr = edit->new_meta[i];
1420 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_node(ptr))
1421 kfree(assoc_array_ptr_to_node(ptr));
1423 kfree(assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(ptr));
1430 * assoc_array_gc - Garbage collect an associative array.
1431 * @array: The array to clean.
1432 * @ops: The operations to use.
1433 * @iterator: A callback function to pass judgement on each object.
1434 * @iterator_data: Private data for the callback function.
1436 * Collect garbage from an associative array and pack down the internal tree to
1439 * The iterator function is asked to pass judgement upon each object in the
1440 * array. If it returns false, the object is discard and if it returns true,
1441 * the object is kept. If it returns true, it must increment the object's
1442 * usage count (or whatever it needs to do to retain it) before returning.
1444 * This function returns 0 if successful or -ENOMEM if out of memory. In the
1445 * latter case, the array is not changed.
1447 * The caller should lock against other modifications and must continue to hold
1448 * the lock until assoc_array_apply_edit() has been called.
1450 * Accesses to the tree may take place concurrently with this function,
1451 * provided they hold the RCU read lock.
1453 int assoc_array_gc(struct assoc_array *array,
1454 const struct assoc_array_ops *ops,
1455 bool (*iterator)(void *object, void *iterator_data),
1456 void *iterator_data)
1458 struct assoc_array_shortcut *shortcut, *new_s;
1459 struct assoc_array_node *node, *new_n;
1460 struct assoc_array_edit *edit;
1461 struct assoc_array_ptr *cursor, *ptr;
1462 struct assoc_array_ptr *new_root, *new_parent, **new_ptr_pp;
1463 unsigned long nr_leaves_on_tree;
1465 int keylen, slot, nr_free, next_slot, i;
1467 pr_devel("-->%s()\n", __func__);
1472 edit = kzalloc(sizeof(struct assoc_array_edit), GFP_KERNEL);
1475 edit->array = array;
1477 edit->ops_for_excised_subtree = ops;
1478 edit->set[0].ptr = &array->root;
1479 edit->excised_subtree = array->root;
1481 new_root = new_parent = NULL;
1482 new_ptr_pp = &new_root;
1483 cursor = array->root;
1486 /* If this point is a shortcut, then we need to duplicate it and
1487 * advance the target cursor.
1489 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_shortcut(cursor)) {
1490 shortcut = assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(cursor);
1491 keylen = round_up(shortcut->skip_to_level, ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_SIZE);
1492 keylen >>= ASSOC_ARRAY_KEY_CHUNK_SHIFT;
1493 new_s = kmalloc(struct_size(new_s, index_key, keylen),
1497 pr_devel("dup shortcut %p -> %p\n", shortcut, new_s);
1498 memcpy(new_s, shortcut, struct_size(new_s, index_key, keylen));
1499 new_s->back_pointer = new_parent;
1500 new_s->parent_slot = shortcut->parent_slot;
1501 *new_ptr_pp = new_parent = assoc_array_shortcut_to_ptr(new_s);
1502 new_ptr_pp = &new_s->next_node;
1503 cursor = shortcut->next_node;
1506 /* Duplicate the node at this position */
1507 node = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(cursor);
1508 new_n = kzalloc(sizeof(struct assoc_array_node), GFP_KERNEL);
1511 pr_devel("dup node %p -> %p\n", node, new_n);
1512 new_n->back_pointer = new_parent;
1513 new_n->parent_slot = node->parent_slot;
1514 *new_ptr_pp = new_parent = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n);
1519 /* Filter across any leaves and gc any subtrees */
1520 for (; slot < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; slot++) {
1521 ptr = node->slots[slot];
1525 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_leaf(ptr)) {
1526 if (iterator(assoc_array_ptr_to_leaf(ptr),
1528 /* The iterator will have done any reference
1529 * counting on the object for us.
1531 new_n->slots[slot] = ptr;
1535 new_ptr_pp = &new_n->slots[slot];
1541 pr_devel("-- compress node %p --\n", new_n);
1543 /* Count up the number of empty slots in this node and work out the
1544 * subtree leaf count.
1546 new_n->nr_leaves_on_branch = 0;
1548 for (slot = 0; slot < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; slot++) {
1549 ptr = new_n->slots[slot];
1552 else if (assoc_array_ptr_is_leaf(ptr))
1553 new_n->nr_leaves_on_branch++;
1555 pr_devel("free=%d, leaves=%lu\n", nr_free, new_n->nr_leaves_on_branch);
1557 /* See what we can fold in */
1560 for (slot = 0; slot < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; slot++) {
1561 struct assoc_array_shortcut *s;
1562 struct assoc_array_node *child;
1564 ptr = new_n->slots[slot];
1565 if (!ptr || assoc_array_ptr_is_leaf(ptr))
1569 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_shortcut(ptr)) {
1570 s = assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(ptr);
1574 child = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(ptr);
1575 new_n->nr_leaves_on_branch += child->nr_leaves_on_branch;
1577 if (child->nr_leaves_on_branch <= nr_free + 1) {
1578 /* Fold the child node into this one */
1579 pr_devel("[%d] fold node %lu/%d [nx %d]\n",
1580 slot, child->nr_leaves_on_branch, nr_free + 1,
1583 /* We would already have reaped an intervening shortcut
1584 * on the way back up the tree.
1588 new_n->slots[slot] = NULL;
1590 if (slot < next_slot)
1592 for (i = 0; i < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; i++) {
1593 struct assoc_array_ptr *p = child->slots[i];
1596 BUG_ON(assoc_array_ptr_is_meta(p));
1597 while (new_n->slots[next_slot])
1599 BUG_ON(next_slot >= ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT);
1600 new_n->slots[next_slot++] = p;
1605 pr_devel("[%d] retain node %lu/%d [nx %d]\n",
1606 slot, child->nr_leaves_on_branch, nr_free + 1,
1612 if (retained && new_n->nr_leaves_on_branch <= ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT) {
1613 pr_devel("internal nodes remain despite enough space, retrying\n");
1614 goto retry_compress;
1616 pr_devel("after: %lu\n", new_n->nr_leaves_on_branch);
1618 nr_leaves_on_tree = new_n->nr_leaves_on_branch;
1620 /* Excise this node if it is singly occupied by a shortcut */
1621 if (nr_free == ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT - 1) {
1622 for (slot = 0; slot < ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT; slot++)
1623 if ((ptr = new_n->slots[slot]))
1626 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_meta(ptr) &&
1627 assoc_array_ptr_is_shortcut(ptr)) {
1628 pr_devel("excise node %p with 1 shortcut\n", new_n);
1629 new_s = assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(ptr);
1630 new_parent = new_n->back_pointer;
1631 slot = new_n->parent_slot;
1634 new_s->back_pointer = NULL;
1635 new_s->parent_slot = 0;
1640 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_shortcut(new_parent)) {
1641 /* We can discard any preceding shortcut also */
1642 struct assoc_array_shortcut *s =
1643 assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(new_parent);
1645 pr_devel("excise preceding shortcut\n");
1647 new_parent = new_s->back_pointer = s->back_pointer;
1648 slot = new_s->parent_slot = s->parent_slot;
1651 new_s->back_pointer = NULL;
1652 new_s->parent_slot = 0;
1658 new_s->back_pointer = new_parent;
1659 new_s->parent_slot = slot;
1660 new_n = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(new_parent);
1661 new_n->slots[slot] = ptr;
1662 goto ascend_old_tree;
1666 /* Excise any shortcuts we might encounter that point to nodes that
1667 * only contain leaves.
1669 ptr = new_n->back_pointer;
1673 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_shortcut(ptr)) {
1674 new_s = assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(ptr);
1675 new_parent = new_s->back_pointer;
1676 slot = new_s->parent_slot;
1678 if (new_n->nr_leaves_on_branch <= ASSOC_ARRAY_FAN_OUT) {
1679 struct assoc_array_node *n;
1681 pr_devel("excise shortcut\n");
1682 new_n->back_pointer = new_parent;
1683 new_n->parent_slot = slot;
1686 new_root = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n);
1690 n = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(new_parent);
1691 n->slots[slot] = assoc_array_node_to_ptr(new_n);
1696 new_n = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(new_parent);
1699 ptr = node->back_pointer;
1700 if (assoc_array_ptr_is_shortcut(ptr)) {
1701 shortcut = assoc_array_ptr_to_shortcut(ptr);
1702 slot = shortcut->parent_slot;
1703 cursor = shortcut->back_pointer;
1707 slot = node->parent_slot;
1711 node = assoc_array_ptr_to_node(cursor);
1716 edit->set[0].to = new_root;
1717 assoc_array_apply_edit(edit);
1718 array->nr_leaves_on_tree = nr_leaves_on_tree;
1722 pr_devel("enomem\n");
1723 assoc_array_destroy_subtree(new_root, edit->ops);