1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "rethook: " fmt
6 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
7 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
8 #include <linux/preempt.h>
9 #include <linux/rethook.h>
10 #include <linux/slab.h>
11 #include <linux/sort.h>
13 /* Return hook list (shadow stack by list) */
16 * This function is called from delayed_put_task_struct() when a task is
17 * dead and cleaned up to recycle any kretprobe instances associated with
18 * this task. These left over instances represent probed functions that
19 * have been called but will never return.
21 void rethook_flush_task(struct task_struct *tk)
23 struct rethook_node *rhn;
24 struct llist_node *node;
26 node = __llist_del_all(&tk->rethooks);
28 rhn = container_of(node, struct rethook_node, llist);
36 static void rethook_free_rcu(struct rcu_head *head)
38 struct rethook *rh = container_of(head, struct rethook, rcu);
39 struct rethook_node *rhn;
40 struct freelist_node *node;
45 rhn = container_of(node, struct rethook_node, freelist);
51 /* The rh->ref is the number of pooled node + 1 */
52 if (refcount_sub_and_test(count, &rh->ref))
57 * rethook_free() - Free struct rethook.
58 * @rh: the struct rethook to be freed.
60 * Free the rethook. Before calling this function, user must ensure the
61 * @rh::data is cleaned if needed (or, the handler can access it after
62 * calling this function.) This function will set the @rh to be freed
63 * after all rethook_node are freed (not soon). And the caller must
64 * not touch @rh after calling this.
66 void rethook_free(struct rethook *rh)
68 WRITE_ONCE(rh->handler, NULL);
70 call_rcu(&rh->rcu, rethook_free_rcu);
74 * rethook_alloc() - Allocate struct rethook.
75 * @data: a data to pass the @handler when hooking the return.
76 * @handler: the return hook callback function.
78 * Allocate and initialize a new rethook with @data and @handler.
79 * Return NULL if memory allocation fails or @handler is NULL.
80 * Note that @handler == NULL means this rethook is going to be freed.
82 struct rethook *rethook_alloc(void *data, rethook_handler_t handler)
84 struct rethook *rh = kzalloc(sizeof(struct rethook), GFP_KERNEL);
86 if (!rh || !handler) {
92 rh->handler = handler;
94 refcount_set(&rh->ref, 1);
100 * rethook_add_node() - Add a new node to the rethook.
101 * @rh: the struct rethook.
102 * @node: the struct rethook_node to be added.
104 * Add @node to @rh. User must allocate @node (as a part of user's
105 * data structure.) The @node fields are initialized in this function.
107 void rethook_add_node(struct rethook *rh, struct rethook_node *node)
110 freelist_add(&node->freelist, &rh->pool);
111 refcount_inc(&rh->ref);
114 static void free_rethook_node_rcu(struct rcu_head *head)
116 struct rethook_node *node = container_of(head, struct rethook_node, rcu);
118 if (refcount_dec_and_test(&node->rethook->ref))
119 kfree(node->rethook);
124 * rethook_recycle() - return the node to rethook.
125 * @node: The struct rethook_node to be returned.
127 * Return back the @node to @node::rethook. If the @node::rethook is already
128 * marked as freed, this will free the @node.
130 void rethook_recycle(struct rethook_node *node)
132 lockdep_assert_preemption_disabled();
134 if (likely(READ_ONCE(node->rethook->handler)))
135 freelist_add(&node->freelist, &node->rethook->pool);
137 call_rcu(&node->rcu, free_rethook_node_rcu);
139 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(rethook_recycle);
142 * rethook_try_get() - get an unused rethook node.
143 * @rh: The struct rethook which pools the nodes.
145 * Get an unused rethook node from @rh. If the node pool is empty, this
146 * will return NULL. Caller must disable preemption.
148 struct rethook_node *rethook_try_get(struct rethook *rh)
150 rethook_handler_t handler = READ_ONCE(rh->handler);
151 struct freelist_node *fn;
153 lockdep_assert_preemption_disabled();
155 /* Check whether @rh is going to be freed. */
156 if (unlikely(!handler))
160 * This expects the caller will set up a rethook on a function entry.
161 * When the function returns, the rethook will eventually be reclaimed
162 * or released in the rethook_recycle() with call_rcu().
163 * This means the caller must be run in the RCU-availabe context.
165 if (unlikely(!rcu_is_watching()))
168 fn = freelist_try_get(&rh->pool);
172 return container_of(fn, struct rethook_node, freelist);
174 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(rethook_try_get);
177 * rethook_hook() - Hook the current function return.
178 * @node: The struct rethook node to hook the function return.
179 * @regs: The struct pt_regs for the function entry.
180 * @mcount: True if this is called from mcount(ftrace) context.
182 * Hook the current running function return. This must be called when the
183 * function entry (or at least @regs must be the registers of the function
184 * entry.) @mcount is used for identifying the context. If this is called
185 * from ftrace (mcount) callback, @mcount must be set true. If this is called
186 * from the real function entry (e.g. kprobes) @mcount must be set false.
187 * This is because the way to hook the function return depends on the context.
189 void rethook_hook(struct rethook_node *node, struct pt_regs *regs, bool mcount)
191 arch_rethook_prepare(node, regs, mcount);
192 __llist_add(&node->llist, ¤t->rethooks);
194 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(rethook_hook);
196 /* This assumes the 'tsk' is the current task or is not running. */
197 static unsigned long __rethook_find_ret_addr(struct task_struct *tsk,
198 struct llist_node **cur)
200 struct rethook_node *rh = NULL;
201 struct llist_node *node = *cur;
204 node = tsk->rethooks.first;
209 rh = container_of(node, struct rethook_node, llist);
210 if (rh->ret_addr != (unsigned long)arch_rethook_trampoline) {
218 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(__rethook_find_ret_addr);
221 * rethook_find_ret_addr -- Find correct return address modified by rethook
223 * @frame: A frame pointer
224 * @cur: a storage of the loop cursor llist_node pointer for next call
226 * Find the correct return address modified by a rethook on @tsk in unsigned
228 * The @tsk must be 'current' or a task which is not running. @frame is a hint
229 * to get the currect return address - which is compared with the
230 * rethook::frame field. The @cur is a loop cursor for searching the
231 * kretprobe return addresses on the @tsk. The '*@cur' should be NULL at the
232 * first call, but '@cur' itself must NOT NULL.
234 * Returns found address value or zero if not found.
236 unsigned long rethook_find_ret_addr(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long frame,
237 struct llist_node **cur)
239 struct rethook_node *rhn = NULL;
242 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!cur))
245 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(tsk != current && task_is_running(tsk)))
249 ret = __rethook_find_ret_addr(tsk, cur);
252 rhn = container_of(*cur, struct rethook_node, llist);
253 } while (rhn->frame != frame);
257 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(rethook_find_ret_addr);
259 void __weak arch_rethook_fixup_return(struct pt_regs *regs,
260 unsigned long correct_ret_addr)
263 * Do nothing by default. If the architecture which uses a
264 * frame pointer to record real return address on the stack,
265 * it should fill this function to fixup the return address
266 * so that stacktrace works from the rethook handler.
270 /* This function will be called from each arch-defined trampoline. */
271 unsigned long rethook_trampoline_handler(struct pt_regs *regs,
274 struct llist_node *first, *node = NULL;
275 unsigned long correct_ret_addr;
276 rethook_handler_t handler;
277 struct rethook_node *rhn;
279 correct_ret_addr = __rethook_find_ret_addr(current, &node);
280 if (!correct_ret_addr) {
281 pr_err("rethook: Return address not found! Maybe there is a bug in the kernel\n");
285 instruction_pointer_set(regs, correct_ret_addr);
288 * These loops must be protected from rethook_free_rcu() because those
289 * are accessing 'rhn->rethook'.
294 * Run the handler on the shadow stack. Do not unlink the list here because
295 * stackdump inside the handlers needs to decode it.
297 first = current->rethooks.first;
299 rhn = container_of(first, struct rethook_node, llist);
300 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(rhn->frame != frame))
302 handler = READ_ONCE(rhn->rethook->handler);
304 handler(rhn, rhn->rethook->data, regs);
311 /* Fixup registers for returning to correct address. */
312 arch_rethook_fixup_return(regs, correct_ret_addr);
314 /* Unlink used shadow stack */
315 first = current->rethooks.first;
316 current->rethooks.first = node->next;
320 rhn = container_of(first, struct rethook_node, llist);
322 rethook_recycle(rhn);
326 return correct_ret_addr;
328 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(rethook_trampoline_handler);