4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
6 * This file contains the interface functions for the various
7 * time related system calls: time, stime, gettimeofday, settimeofday,
11 * Modification history kernel/time.c
13 * 1993-09-02 Philip Gladstone
14 * Created file with time related functions from sched/core.c and adjtimex()
15 * 1993-10-08 Torsten Duwe
16 * adjtime interface update and CMOS clock write code
17 * 1995-08-13 Torsten Duwe
18 * kernel PLL updated to 1994-12-13 specs (rfc-1589)
19 * 1999-01-16 Ulrich Windl
20 * Introduced error checking for many cases in adjtimex().
21 * Updated NTP code according to technical memorandum Jan '96
22 * "A Kernel Model for Precision Timekeeping" by Dave Mills
23 * Allow time_constant larger than MAXTC(6) for NTP v4 (MAXTC == 10)
24 * (Even though the technical memorandum forbids it)
25 * 2004-07-14 Christoph Lameter
26 * Added getnstimeofday to allow the posix timer functions to return
27 * with nanosecond accuracy
30 #include <linux/export.h>
31 #include <linux/timex.h>
32 #include <linux/capability.h>
33 #include <linux/timekeeper_internal.h>
34 #include <linux/errno.h>
35 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
36 #include <linux/security.h>
38 #include <linux/math64.h>
39 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
41 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
42 #include <asm/unistd.h>
44 #include "timeconst.h"
47 * The timezone where the local system is located. Used as a default by some
48 * programs who obtain this value by using gettimeofday.
50 struct timezone sys_tz;
52 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sys_tz);
54 #ifdef __ARCH_WANT_SYS_TIME
57 * sys_time() can be implemented in user-level using
58 * sys_gettimeofday(). Is this for backwards compatibility? If so,
59 * why not move it into the appropriate arch directory (for those
60 * architectures that need it).
62 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(time, time_t __user *, tloc)
64 time_t i = get_seconds();
70 force_successful_syscall_return();
75 * sys_stime() can be implemented in user-level using
76 * sys_settimeofday(). Is this for backwards compatibility? If so,
77 * why not move it into the appropriate arch directory (for those
78 * architectures that need it).
81 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(stime, time_t __user *, tptr)
86 if (get_user(tv.tv_sec, tptr))
91 err = security_settime(&tv, NULL);
99 #endif /* __ARCH_WANT_SYS_TIME */
101 SYSCALL_DEFINE2(gettimeofday, struct timeval __user *, tv,
102 struct timezone __user *, tz)
104 if (likely(tv != NULL)) {
106 do_gettimeofday(&ktv);
107 if (copy_to_user(tv, &ktv, sizeof(ktv)))
110 if (unlikely(tz != NULL)) {
111 if (copy_to_user(tz, &sys_tz, sizeof(sys_tz)))
118 * Indicates if there is an offset between the system clock and the hardware
119 * clock/persistent clock/rtc.
121 int persistent_clock_is_local;
124 * Adjust the time obtained from the CMOS to be UTC time instead of
127 * This is ugly, but preferable to the alternatives. Otherwise we
128 * would either need to write a program to do it in /etc/rc (and risk
129 * confusion if the program gets run more than once; it would also be
130 * hard to make the program warp the clock precisely n hours) or
131 * compile in the timezone information into the kernel. Bad, bad....
135 * The best thing to do is to keep the CMOS clock in universal time (UTC)
136 * as real UNIX machines always do it. This avoids all headaches about
137 * daylight saving times and warping kernel clocks.
139 static inline void warp_clock(void)
141 if (sys_tz.tz_minuteswest != 0) {
142 struct timespec adjust;
144 persistent_clock_is_local = 1;
145 adjust.tv_sec = sys_tz.tz_minuteswest * 60;
147 timekeeping_inject_offset(&adjust);
152 * In case for some reason the CMOS clock has not already been running
153 * in UTC, but in some local time: The first time we set the timezone,
154 * we will warp the clock so that it is ticking UTC time instead of
155 * local time. Presumably, if someone is setting the timezone then we
156 * are running in an environment where the programs understand about
157 * timezones. This should be done at boot time in the /etc/rc script,
158 * as soon as possible, so that the clock can be set right. Otherwise,
159 * various programs will get confused when the clock gets warped.
162 int do_sys_settimeofday(const struct timespec *tv, const struct timezone *tz)
164 static int firsttime = 1;
167 if (tv && !timespec_valid(tv))
170 error = security_settime(tv, tz);
176 update_vsyscall_tz();
184 return do_settimeofday(tv);
188 SYSCALL_DEFINE2(settimeofday, struct timeval __user *, tv,
189 struct timezone __user *, tz)
191 struct timeval user_tv;
192 struct timespec new_ts;
193 struct timezone new_tz;
196 if (copy_from_user(&user_tv, tv, sizeof(*tv)))
198 new_ts.tv_sec = user_tv.tv_sec;
199 new_ts.tv_nsec = user_tv.tv_usec * NSEC_PER_USEC;
202 if (copy_from_user(&new_tz, tz, sizeof(*tz)))
206 return do_sys_settimeofday(tv ? &new_ts : NULL, tz ? &new_tz : NULL);
209 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(adjtimex, struct timex __user *, txc_p)
211 struct timex txc; /* Local copy of parameter */
214 /* Copy the user data space into the kernel copy
215 * structure. But bear in mind that the structures
218 if(copy_from_user(&txc, txc_p, sizeof(struct timex)))
220 ret = do_adjtimex(&txc);
221 return copy_to_user(txc_p, &txc, sizeof(struct timex)) ? -EFAULT : ret;
225 * current_fs_time - Return FS time
228 * Return the current time truncated to the time granularity supported by
231 struct timespec current_fs_time(struct super_block *sb)
233 struct timespec now = current_kernel_time();
234 return timespec_trunc(now, sb->s_time_gran);
236 EXPORT_SYMBOL(current_fs_time);
239 * Convert jiffies to milliseconds and back.
241 * Avoid unnecessary multiplications/divisions in the
242 * two most common HZ cases:
244 unsigned int jiffies_to_msecs(const unsigned long j)
246 #if HZ <= MSEC_PER_SEC && !(MSEC_PER_SEC % HZ)
247 return (MSEC_PER_SEC / HZ) * j;
248 #elif HZ > MSEC_PER_SEC && !(HZ % MSEC_PER_SEC)
249 return (j + (HZ / MSEC_PER_SEC) - 1)/(HZ / MSEC_PER_SEC);
251 # if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
252 return (HZ_TO_MSEC_MUL32 * j) >> HZ_TO_MSEC_SHR32;
254 return (j * HZ_TO_MSEC_NUM) / HZ_TO_MSEC_DEN;
258 EXPORT_SYMBOL(jiffies_to_msecs);
260 unsigned int jiffies_to_usecs(const unsigned long j)
262 #if HZ <= USEC_PER_SEC && !(USEC_PER_SEC % HZ)
263 return (USEC_PER_SEC / HZ) * j;
264 #elif HZ > USEC_PER_SEC && !(HZ % USEC_PER_SEC)
265 return (j + (HZ / USEC_PER_SEC) - 1)/(HZ / USEC_PER_SEC);
267 # if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
268 return (HZ_TO_USEC_MUL32 * j) >> HZ_TO_USEC_SHR32;
270 return (j * HZ_TO_USEC_NUM) / HZ_TO_USEC_DEN;
274 EXPORT_SYMBOL(jiffies_to_usecs);
277 * timespec_trunc - Truncate timespec to a granularity
279 * @gran: Granularity in ns.
281 * Truncate a timespec to a granularity. gran must be smaller than a second.
282 * Always rounds down.
284 * This function should be only used for timestamps returned by
285 * current_kernel_time() or CURRENT_TIME, not with do_gettimeofday() because
286 * it doesn't handle the better resolution of the latter.
288 struct timespec timespec_trunc(struct timespec t, unsigned gran)
291 * Division is pretty slow so avoid it for common cases.
292 * Currently current_kernel_time() never returns better than
293 * jiffies resolution. Exploit that.
295 if (gran <= jiffies_to_usecs(1) * 1000) {
297 } else if (gran == 1000000000) {
300 t.tv_nsec -= t.tv_nsec % gran;
304 EXPORT_SYMBOL(timespec_trunc);
306 /* Converts Gregorian date to seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00.
307 * Assumes input in normal date format, i.e. 1980-12-31 23:59:59
308 * => year=1980, mon=12, day=31, hour=23, min=59, sec=59.
310 * [For the Julian calendar (which was used in Russia before 1917,
311 * Britain & colonies before 1752, anywhere else before 1582,
312 * and is still in use by some communities) leave out the
313 * -year/100+year/400 terms, and add 10.]
315 * This algorithm was first published by Gauss (I think).
317 * WARNING: this function will overflow on 2106-02-07 06:28:16 on
318 * machines where long is 32-bit! (However, as time_t is signed, we
319 * will already get problems at other places on 2038-01-19 03:14:08)
322 mktime(const unsigned int year0, const unsigned int mon0,
323 const unsigned int day, const unsigned int hour,
324 const unsigned int min, const unsigned int sec)
326 unsigned int mon = mon0, year = year0;
328 /* 1..12 -> 11,12,1..10 */
329 if (0 >= (int) (mon -= 2)) {
330 mon += 12; /* Puts Feb last since it has leap day */
334 return ((((unsigned long)
335 (year/4 - year/100 + year/400 + 367*mon/12 + day) +
337 )*24 + hour /* now have hours */
338 )*60 + min /* now have minutes */
339 )*60 + sec; /* finally seconds */
342 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mktime);
345 * set_normalized_timespec - set timespec sec and nsec parts and normalize
347 * @ts: pointer to timespec variable to be set
348 * @sec: seconds to set
349 * @nsec: nanoseconds to set
351 * Set seconds and nanoseconds field of a timespec variable and
352 * normalize to the timespec storage format
354 * Note: The tv_nsec part is always in the range of
355 * 0 <= tv_nsec < NSEC_PER_SEC
356 * For negative values only the tv_sec field is negative !
358 void set_normalized_timespec(struct timespec *ts, time_t sec, s64 nsec)
360 while (nsec >= NSEC_PER_SEC) {
362 * The following asm() prevents the compiler from
363 * optimising this loop into a modulo operation. See
364 * also __iter_div_u64_rem() in include/linux/time.h
366 asm("" : "+rm"(nsec));
367 nsec -= NSEC_PER_SEC;
371 asm("" : "+rm"(nsec));
372 nsec += NSEC_PER_SEC;
378 EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_normalized_timespec);
381 * ns_to_timespec - Convert nanoseconds to timespec
382 * @nsec: the nanoseconds value to be converted
384 * Returns the timespec representation of the nsec parameter.
386 struct timespec ns_to_timespec(const s64 nsec)
392 return (struct timespec) {0, 0};
394 ts.tv_sec = div_s64_rem(nsec, NSEC_PER_SEC, &rem);
395 if (unlikely(rem < 0)) {
403 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ns_to_timespec);
406 * ns_to_timeval - Convert nanoseconds to timeval
407 * @nsec: the nanoseconds value to be converted
409 * Returns the timeval representation of the nsec parameter.
411 struct timeval ns_to_timeval(const s64 nsec)
413 struct timespec ts = ns_to_timespec(nsec);
416 tv.tv_sec = ts.tv_sec;
417 tv.tv_usec = (suseconds_t) ts.tv_nsec / 1000;
421 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ns_to_timeval);
424 * When we convert to jiffies then we interpret incoming values
427 * - negative values mean 'infinite timeout' (MAX_JIFFY_OFFSET)
429 * - 'too large' values [that would result in larger than
430 * MAX_JIFFY_OFFSET values] mean 'infinite timeout' too.
432 * - all other values are converted to jiffies by either multiplying
433 * the input value by a factor or dividing it with a factor
435 * We must also be careful about 32-bit overflows.
437 unsigned long msecs_to_jiffies(const unsigned int m)
440 * Negative value, means infinite timeout:
443 return MAX_JIFFY_OFFSET;
445 #if HZ <= MSEC_PER_SEC && !(MSEC_PER_SEC % HZ)
447 * HZ is equal to or smaller than 1000, and 1000 is a nice
448 * round multiple of HZ, divide with the factor between them,
451 return (m + (MSEC_PER_SEC / HZ) - 1) / (MSEC_PER_SEC / HZ);
452 #elif HZ > MSEC_PER_SEC && !(HZ % MSEC_PER_SEC)
454 * HZ is larger than 1000, and HZ is a nice round multiple of
455 * 1000 - simply multiply with the factor between them.
457 * But first make sure the multiplication result cannot
460 if (m > jiffies_to_msecs(MAX_JIFFY_OFFSET))
461 return MAX_JIFFY_OFFSET;
463 return m * (HZ / MSEC_PER_SEC);
466 * Generic case - multiply, round and divide. But first
467 * check that if we are doing a net multiplication, that
468 * we wouldn't overflow:
470 if (HZ > MSEC_PER_SEC && m > jiffies_to_msecs(MAX_JIFFY_OFFSET))
471 return MAX_JIFFY_OFFSET;
473 return (MSEC_TO_HZ_MUL32 * m + MSEC_TO_HZ_ADJ32)
477 EXPORT_SYMBOL(msecs_to_jiffies);
479 unsigned long usecs_to_jiffies(const unsigned int u)
481 if (u > jiffies_to_usecs(MAX_JIFFY_OFFSET))
482 return MAX_JIFFY_OFFSET;
483 #if HZ <= USEC_PER_SEC && !(USEC_PER_SEC % HZ)
484 return (u + (USEC_PER_SEC / HZ) - 1) / (USEC_PER_SEC / HZ);
485 #elif HZ > USEC_PER_SEC && !(HZ % USEC_PER_SEC)
486 return u * (HZ / USEC_PER_SEC);
488 return (USEC_TO_HZ_MUL32 * u + USEC_TO_HZ_ADJ32)
492 EXPORT_SYMBOL(usecs_to_jiffies);
495 * The TICK_NSEC - 1 rounds up the value to the next resolution. Note
496 * that a remainder subtract here would not do the right thing as the
497 * resolution values don't fall on second boundries. I.e. the line:
498 * nsec -= nsec % TICK_NSEC; is NOT a correct resolution rounding.
500 * Rather, we just shift the bits off the right.
502 * The >> (NSEC_JIFFIE_SC - SEC_JIFFIE_SC) converts the scaled nsec
503 * value to a scaled second value.
506 timespec_to_jiffies(const struct timespec *value)
508 unsigned long sec = value->tv_sec;
509 long nsec = value->tv_nsec + TICK_NSEC - 1;
511 if (sec >= MAX_SEC_IN_JIFFIES){
512 sec = MAX_SEC_IN_JIFFIES;
515 return (((u64)sec * SEC_CONVERSION) +
516 (((u64)nsec * NSEC_CONVERSION) >>
517 (NSEC_JIFFIE_SC - SEC_JIFFIE_SC))) >> SEC_JIFFIE_SC;
520 EXPORT_SYMBOL(timespec_to_jiffies);
523 jiffies_to_timespec(const unsigned long jiffies, struct timespec *value)
526 * Convert jiffies to nanoseconds and separate with
530 value->tv_sec = div_u64_rem((u64)jiffies * TICK_NSEC,
532 value->tv_nsec = rem;
534 EXPORT_SYMBOL(jiffies_to_timespec);
536 /* Same for "timeval"
538 * Well, almost. The problem here is that the real system resolution is
539 * in nanoseconds and the value being converted is in micro seconds.
540 * Also for some machines (those that use HZ = 1024, in-particular),
541 * there is a LARGE error in the tick size in microseconds.
543 * The solution we use is to do the rounding AFTER we convert the
544 * microsecond part. Thus the USEC_ROUND, the bits to be shifted off.
545 * Instruction wise, this should cost only an additional add with carry
546 * instruction above the way it was done above.
549 timeval_to_jiffies(const struct timeval *value)
551 unsigned long sec = value->tv_sec;
552 long usec = value->tv_usec;
554 if (sec >= MAX_SEC_IN_JIFFIES){
555 sec = MAX_SEC_IN_JIFFIES;
558 return (((u64)sec * SEC_CONVERSION) +
559 (((u64)usec * USEC_CONVERSION + USEC_ROUND) >>
560 (USEC_JIFFIE_SC - SEC_JIFFIE_SC))) >> SEC_JIFFIE_SC;
562 EXPORT_SYMBOL(timeval_to_jiffies);
564 void jiffies_to_timeval(const unsigned long jiffies, struct timeval *value)
567 * Convert jiffies to nanoseconds and separate with
572 value->tv_sec = div_u64_rem((u64)jiffies * TICK_NSEC,
574 value->tv_usec = rem / NSEC_PER_USEC;
576 EXPORT_SYMBOL(jiffies_to_timeval);
579 * Convert jiffies/jiffies_64 to clock_t and back.
581 clock_t jiffies_to_clock_t(unsigned long x)
583 #if (TICK_NSEC % (NSEC_PER_SEC / USER_HZ)) == 0
585 return x * (USER_HZ / HZ);
587 return x / (HZ / USER_HZ);
590 return div_u64((u64)x * TICK_NSEC, NSEC_PER_SEC / USER_HZ);
593 EXPORT_SYMBOL(jiffies_to_clock_t);
595 unsigned long clock_t_to_jiffies(unsigned long x)
597 #if (HZ % USER_HZ)==0
598 if (x >= ~0UL / (HZ / USER_HZ))
600 return x * (HZ / USER_HZ);
602 /* Don't worry about loss of precision here .. */
603 if (x >= ~0UL / HZ * USER_HZ)
606 /* .. but do try to contain it here */
607 return div_u64((u64)x * HZ, USER_HZ);
610 EXPORT_SYMBOL(clock_t_to_jiffies);
612 u64 jiffies_64_to_clock_t(u64 x)
614 #if (TICK_NSEC % (NSEC_PER_SEC / USER_HZ)) == 0
616 x = div_u64(x * USER_HZ, HZ);
618 x = div_u64(x, HZ / USER_HZ);
624 * There are better ways that don't overflow early,
625 * but even this doesn't overflow in hundreds of years
628 x = div_u64(x * TICK_NSEC, (NSEC_PER_SEC / USER_HZ));
632 EXPORT_SYMBOL(jiffies_64_to_clock_t);
634 u64 nsec_to_clock_t(u64 x)
636 #if (NSEC_PER_SEC % USER_HZ) == 0
637 return div_u64(x, NSEC_PER_SEC / USER_HZ);
638 #elif (USER_HZ % 512) == 0
639 return div_u64(x * USER_HZ / 512, NSEC_PER_SEC / 512);
642 * max relative error 5.7e-8 (1.8s per year) for USER_HZ <= 1024,
643 * overflow after 64.99 years.
644 * exact for HZ=60, 72, 90, 120, 144, 180, 300, 600, 900, ...
646 return div_u64(x * 9, (9ull * NSEC_PER_SEC + (USER_HZ / 2)) / USER_HZ);
651 * nsecs_to_jiffies64 - Convert nsecs in u64 to jiffies64
655 * Unlike {m,u}secs_to_jiffies, type of input is not unsigned int but u64.
656 * And this doesn't return MAX_JIFFY_OFFSET since this function is designed
657 * for scheduler, not for use in device drivers to calculate timeout value.
660 * NSEC_PER_SEC = 10^9 = (5^9 * 2^9) = (1953125 * 512)
661 * ULLONG_MAX ns = 18446744073.709551615 secs = about 584 years
663 u64 nsecs_to_jiffies64(u64 n)
665 #if (NSEC_PER_SEC % HZ) == 0
666 /* Common case, HZ = 100, 128, 200, 250, 256, 500, 512, 1000 etc. */
667 return div_u64(n, NSEC_PER_SEC / HZ);
668 #elif (HZ % 512) == 0
669 /* overflow after 292 years if HZ = 1024 */
670 return div_u64(n * HZ / 512, NSEC_PER_SEC / 512);
673 * Generic case - optimized for cases where HZ is a multiple of 3.
674 * overflow after 64.99 years, exact for HZ = 60, 72, 90, 120 etc.
676 return div_u64(n * 9, (9ull * NSEC_PER_SEC + HZ / 2) / HZ);
681 * nsecs_to_jiffies - Convert nsecs in u64 to jiffies
685 * Unlike {m,u}secs_to_jiffies, type of input is not unsigned int but u64.
686 * And this doesn't return MAX_JIFFY_OFFSET since this function is designed
687 * for scheduler, not for use in device drivers to calculate timeout value.
690 * NSEC_PER_SEC = 10^9 = (5^9 * 2^9) = (1953125 * 512)
691 * ULLONG_MAX ns = 18446744073.709551615 secs = about 584 years
693 unsigned long nsecs_to_jiffies(u64 n)
695 return (unsigned long)nsecs_to_jiffies64(n);
699 * Add two timespec values and do a safety check for overflow.
700 * It's assumed that both values are valid (>= 0)
702 struct timespec timespec_add_safe(const struct timespec lhs,
703 const struct timespec rhs)
707 set_normalized_timespec(&res, lhs.tv_sec + rhs.tv_sec,
708 lhs.tv_nsec + rhs.tv_nsec);
710 if (res.tv_sec < lhs.tv_sec || res.tv_sec < rhs.tv_sec)
711 res.tv_sec = TIME_T_MAX;